List of longest tunnels: Difference between revisions
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|<ref>{{cite web|title=Şanlıurfa Sulama Tünelleri ve Tesisleri İnşaatı |url=http://www.ereninsaatas.com/site/t9.php |publisher=Eren İnşaatı |accessdate=1 October 2010 |language=Turkish |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710195319/http://www.ereninsaatas.com/site/t9.php |archivedate=10 July 2011 |df= }}</ref> |
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| [[Mavi Tünel]] (Blue Tunnel)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mavitunel.com/ |title=Bağbaşı Barajı ve Mavi Tünel'i İnşaatı - Konya |website=Mavitunel.com |date= |accessdate=2016-02-01}}</ref> |
| [[Mavi Tünel]] (Blue Tunnel)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mavitunel.com/ |title=Bağbaşı Barajı ve Mavi Tünel'i İnşaatı - Konya |website=Mavitunel.com |date= |accessdate=2016-02-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129085315/http://www.mavitunel.com/ |archivedate=29 January 2016 |df= }}</ref> |
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| Pilot tunnel under construction. Together with the already constructed [[Inntal Tunnel]] it will form the world's longest continuous railway tunnel with 67 km.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbt-se.com/en/did-you-know/ |title=Did you know … |website=BBT-SE.com |date= |accessdate=2016-02-01}}</ref> |
| Pilot tunnel under construction. Together with the already constructed [[Inntal Tunnel]] it will form the world's longest continuous railway tunnel with 67 km.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbt-se.com/en/did-you-know/ |title=Did you know … |website=BBT-SE.com |date= |accessdate=2016-02-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202005914/http://www.bbt-se.com/en/did-you-know/ |archivedate=2 February 2016 |df= }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 02:27, 22 May 2017
![]() | This article needs to be updated.(July 2015) |
This list of longest tunnels in the world ranks tunnels that are at least 13 km (43,000 ft) long. Only continuous tunnels are included; pipelines (also buried) are excluded. The longest have been constructed for water distribution, followed by tunnels for railways. Both uses are highly sensitive to gradients.
World's longest tunnels (in use)
Type | Name | Location | Length | Year | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water supply | Delaware Aqueduct | ![]() |
137,000 m (85.1 mi) | 1945 | 4.1 m wide. New York City's main water supply tunnel, drilled through solid rock. |
Water supply | Päijänne Water Tunnel | ![]() |
120,000 m (74.6 mi) | 1982 | 16 m2 cross section |
Water supply | Dahuofang Water Tunnel | ![]() |
85,320 m (53.0 mi) | 2009 | 8 m in diameter[1] (50m2 cross section) |
Water supply | Orange–Fish River Tunnel | ![]() |
82,800 m (51.4 mi) | 1972 | Longest continuous enclosed aqueduct in the southern hemisphere (22.5 m2 cross section) |
Water supply | Bolmen Water Tunnel | ![]() |
82,000 m (51.0 mi) | 1987 | 8 m2 |
Hydroelectric | Neelum Jhelum HydroPower Tunnel | ![]() |
68,000 m (42.3 mi) | 2017 | The 969 MW-Neelum Jhelum Hydropower |
Waterwaste | Tunel Emisor Oriente | ![]() |
62,500 m (38.8 mi) | 2006-2012 | Water management in Greater Mexico City. Longest waterwaste tunnel. |
Metro | Guangzhou Metro Line 3 | ![]() |
60,400 m (37.5 mi) Excl. branch | 2005-2010 | Guangzhou Metro. Longest metro/rapid transit tunnel; longest railway tunnel |
Railway Twin Tube | Gotthard Base Tunnel | ![]() |
57,104 m (35.5 mi) and 57,017 m (35.4 mi) | 2016 | By geodetic distance (of 55.782 km (34.661 mi)) between the two portals, it is the world's longest transit tunnel. Total 151.84 km (94.35 mi) of broken out tunnels through solid rocks[2][3] |
Metro | Beijing Subway Line 10 | ![]() |
57,100 m (35.5 mi) | 2008-2012 | Beijing Subway |
Railway Single Tube | Seikan Tunnel | ![]() |
53,850 m (33.5 mi) | 1988 | 74 m2; longest railway tunnel until 2016. |
Water supply | Želivka Water Tunnel[4] | ![]() |
51,075 m (31.7 mi) | 1972 | 5 m2 |
Railway Twin Tube | Channel Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
50,450 m (31.3 mi) | 1994 | Second longest railway tunnel until 2016. Longest underwater section, longest international tunnel (2×45 m2 + 1×18 m2). |
Railway Single Tube | Yulhyeon Tunnel | ![]() |
50,300 m (31.3 mi)[5] | 2016[6] | 107 m2 |
Water supply | Lake Sevan Tunnel [7] | ![]() ![]() |
48,314 m (30.0 mi) | 1981 | Arpa River and Lake Sevan. |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 5 | ![]() |
47,600 m (29.6 mi) | 1995 | Longest metro/rapid transit tunnel until Guangzhou Metro Line 3 extension opened in 2010. |
Water supply | Pahang – Selangor Raw Water Transfer Project[8][9] | ![]() |
44,600 m (27.7 mi) | 2014 | 5.2 meters in diameter |
Water supply | #1 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi North Line | ![]() |
43,670 m (27.1 mi) | 2011 | See South–North Water Transfer Project |
Water supply | #7 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line | ![]() |
43,500 m (27.0 mi) | 2002 | See South–North Water Transfer Project |
Metro | Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line (Altufyevo – Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo) | ![]() ![]() |
41,500 m (25.8 mi) | 1983–2002 | |
Metro | Madrid Metro: Line 12 (MetroSur) | ![]() |
40,900 m (25.4 mi) | 1999–2003 | |
Metro | Tocho-mae - Shiodome - Hikarigaoka (Toei Oedo Line)[10] | ![]() |
40,700 m (25.3 mi) | 1991–2000 | Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 7 | ![]() |
40,200 m (25.0 mi) | 2009-2011 | |
Hydroelectric | Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant | ![]() |
39,700 m (24.7 mi) | 2003–2007 | 7.2-7.6 meters in diameter (45m2 cross section). Part of a wider complex of tunnels that are 72 kilometers in length combined |
Water supply | Quabbin Aqueduct | ![]() |
39,600 m (24.6 mi) | 1897–1905 | |
Metro | Chengdu Metro Line 2 | ![]() |
38,643 m (24.0 mi)(Excl. branch) | 2007-2013 | Only include phase 1 and phase 2 |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 3 (Apgujeong-Ogeum) | ![]() |
38,200 m (23.7 mi) | 1985-2010 | |
Metro | Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line (Novoyasenevskaya – Medvedkovo) | ![]() ![]() |
37,800 m (23.5 mi) | 1958–1990 | Longest railway tunnel 1978–1984 and from November 1987 till March 1988; longest metro/rapid transit tunnel 1990–1995 |
Metro | Shenzhen Subway: Luobao Line | ![]() |
37,497 m (23.3 mi) | 2009-2011 | |
Metro | Shenzhen Subway: Shekou Line | ![]() |
36,146 m (22.5 mi) | 2010-2011 | |
Water supply | Dawushan Tunnel, Niulan River Diversion to Dianchi | ![]() |
36,137 m (22.5 mi) | 2013 | |
Metro | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Circle Line | ![]() |
35,700 m (22.2 mi) | 2009-2012 | Longest rapid transit line in South East Asia |
Metro | Busan Metro: Line 2 (Dongwon-Jangsan) | ![]() |
35,500 m (22.1 mi) | 1999-2009 | |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 6 | ![]() |
35,100 m (21.8 mi) | 2001 | |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 7 (Cheongdam-Bupyeong-gu Office) | ![]() |
35,100 m (21.8 mi) | 2000-2012 | |
Railway Single Track | Lötschberg Base Tunnel | ![]() |
34,577 m (21.5 mi) | 2007 | Longest land railway tunnel until Gotthard Base Tunnel was opened; two single track tubes along 12 km, only single track along 22 km |
Water supply | Tyne-Tees Tunnel | ![]() |
34,000 m (21.1 mi) | 1983 (and earlier) | Northumbrian water supply tunnel. |
Metro | Madrid Metro: Line 7 | ![]() |
32,919 m (20.5 mi) | 1974–2007 | |
Railway Twin Tube | New Guanjiao Tunnel | ![]() |
32,645 m (20.3 mi) | 2014[11] | Longest tunnel on the upgraded dual-track Xining–Golmud section of Qinghai–Tibet Railway, longest railway tunnel in China, 3323.58–3380.97 meters above sea level |
Metro | Meijo Line - Meikō Line[12][13] | ![]() |
32,400 m (20.1 mi) | 1965–2004 | |
Metro | Guangzhou Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
32,000 m (19.9 mi) | 2010 | |
Metro | Rathaus Spandau-Rudow (U7) | ![]() |
31,800 m (19.8 mi) | 1924–1984 | |
Metro | Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Bundang Line (Seoul Forest-Jukjeon) | ![]() |
31,400 m (19.5 mi) | 1994–2012 | |
Metro | Daegu Metro: Line 2 | ![]() |
31,400 m (19.5 mi) | 2005–2012 | |
Metro | Beijing Subway: Line 1 | ![]() |
31,040 m (19.3 mi) | 1971–1987 | |
Metro | Beijing Subway: Line 4 | ![]() |
30,950 m (19.2 mi) | 2009–2010 | |
Metro | Côte-Vertu - Montmorency (Line 2 Orange) | ![]() |
30,798 m (19.1 mi) | 1966–2007 | |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
30,187 m (18.8 mi) | 2000 | |
Metro | Parnas - Kupchino (line 2) | ![]() ![]() |
30,100 m (18.7 mi) | 1961–2006 | |
Metro | Guangzhou Subway: Line 5 | ![]() |
29,900 m (18.6 mi) | 2009 | |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 8 | ![]() |
29,650 m (18.4 mi) | 2007–2009 | |
Metro | Prospekt Veteranov - Devyatkino (line 1) | ![]() ![]() |
29,600 m (18.4 mi) | 1955–1978 | |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 10 | ![]() |
29,600 m (18.4 mi) | 2010 | |
Water Supply | Evinos - Mornos Tunnel[14][15] | ![]() |
29,400 m (18.3 mi) | 1992–1995 | |
Water Supply | Hultman Aqueduct[16] | ![]() |
28,640 m (17.8 mi) | 1939 | 11.5 ft (3.5 m) to 14 ft (4.3 m) diameter (15m2 cross section); offline for rehabilitation |
Metro | Taipei Metro: Blue Line | ![]() |
28,200 m (17.5 mi) | 1999–2015 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Guadarrama Tunnel[17] | ![]() |
28,377 m (17.6 mi) | 2007 | |
Water Supply | MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel[18] | ![]() |
28,300 m (17.6 mi) | 1996–2003 | 14 ft (4.3 m) diameter (15m2 cross section) |
Metro | Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line (Zyablikovo – Maryina Roshcha) | ![]() |
28,200 m (17.5 mi) | 1995–2011 | |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 9 (Gimpo Airport-Sports Complex) | ![]() |
28,100 m (17.5 mi) | 2009-2015 | |
Railway Single Tube | Taihang Tunnel[19] | ![]() |
27,848 m (17.3 mi) | 2007 | On Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan high-speed railway |
Metro | Morden - East Finchley (Northern line) | ![]() |
27,800 m (17.3 mi) | 1890–1940 | Longest railway tunnel in UK |
Metro | Shenyang Subway: Line 1 | ![]() |
27,800 m (17.3 mi) | 2010 | |
Metro | Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Incheon Line 1 (Bakchon-International Business District) | ![]() |
27,000 m (16.8 mi) | 1999–2009 | |
Metro | Dainichi-Nagahara (Tanimachi Line)[20] | ![]() |
26,900 m (16.7 mi) | 1967–1983 | |
Particle accelerator | LEP Tunnel[21] | ![]() ![]() |
26,659 m (16.6 mi) | 1989 | 11.3–15.9 m2 circular ring, now used by Large Hadron Collider |
Metro | İstanbul Metro (Line M4) | ![]() |
26,500 m (16.5 mi) | 2012 | |
Railway Single Tube | Hakkōda Tunnel (Tōhoku Shinkansen) | ![]() |
26,455 m (16.4 mi) | 2010 | 64–74 m2 |
Water supply | Şanlıurfa Irrigation Tunnels | ![]() |
26,400 m (16.4 mi) | 2005 | [22] |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 9 | ![]() |
26,263 m (16.3 mi) | 2007–2010 | |
Hydroelectric | Gilgel Gibe II Power Station headrace tunnel | ![]() |
26,000 m (16.2 mi) | 2005–2009 | Tunnel partially collapsed, was repaired in 2010.[23][24] |
Water | #5 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line | ![]() |
26,000 m (16.2 mi) | 2002 | See South–North Water Transfer Project |
Metro | Daegu Metro: Line 1 | ![]() |
25,900 m (16.1 mi) | 1997–2002 | |
Metro | MRT Blue Line | ![]() |
25,800 m (16.0 mi) | 2004 | Second phase will be open in 2017 |
Railway Single Tube | Iwate-Ichinohe Tunnel | ![]() |
25,810 m (16.0 mi) | 2002 | |
Water Supply | Sudbury Aqueduct | ![]() |
25,750 m (16.0 mi) | 1878 | Emergency backup use |
Metro | Suzhou Subway: Line 1 | ![]() |
25,739 m (16.0 mi) | 2007–2011 | |
Road | Lærdal Tunnel | ![]() |
24,510 m (15.2 mi) | 2000 | The longest road tunnel in the world |
Metro | Yellow Line (Delhi Metro): GTB Nagar - Qutub Minar[25] | ![]() |
24,000 m (14.9 mi) | 2004–2010 | Longest tunnel in India |
Metro | Chengdu Metro Line 1 | ![]() |
23,900 m (14.9 mi)Excl. branch | 2005-2015 | Only include phase 1 and phase 2 |
Metro | Madrid Metro: Line 1 | ![]() |
23,876 m (14.8 mi) | 1919–2007 | |
Railway | Lainzer/Wienerwaldtunnel | ![]() |
23,844 m (14.8 mi) | 2012 | Breakthrough 2007-09-03 |
Sewerage | Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 1[26] | ![]() |
23,600 m (14.7 mi) | 2001 | |
Water supply | Eucumbene-Snowy Tunnel[27] | ![]() |
23,500 m (14.6 mi) | 1965 | Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme |
Metro | Madrid Metro: Line 6 | ![]() |
23,472 m (14.6 mi) | 1979–2007 | |
Metro | Angrignon - Honoré-Beaugrand (Line 1 Green) | ![]() |
23,262 m (14.5 mi) | 1966–2007 | |
Metro | Warsaw Metro Line 1: Kabaty - Młociny | ![]() |
23,100 m (14.4 mi) | 1983–2008 | |
Metro | Beijing Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
23,100 m (14.4 mi) | 1969–1987 | |
Hydroelectric | Xinma Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
22,975 m (14.3 mi) | 2009 | |
Metro | Chengdu Metro Line 4 | ![]() |
22,400 m (13.9 mi)Excl. branch | 2012-2015 | Only include phase 1 |
Railway | Iiyama Tunnel[28] | ![]() |
22,225 m (13.8 mi) | 2015 | |
Railway | Daishimizu Tunnel | ![]() |
22,221 m (13.8 mi) | 1982 | Longest railway tunnel until Seikan Tunnel was opened. |
Water supply | Eucumbene-Tumut Tunnel[27] | ![]() |
22,200 m (13.8 mi) | 1959 | Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme |
Metro | Taipei Metro: Orange Line (Fu Jen University - Nanshijiao) | ![]() |
25,100 m (15.6 mi) | 1998–2015 | |
Water supply | Vorotan-Arpa Tunnel[29] | ![]() |
21,652 m (13.5 mi) | 2004 | |
Particle accelerator (incomplete) | UNK proton accelerator | ![]() |
21,000 m (13.0 mi) | 1994 (breakthrough) | Construction stopped after finishing of main circle tunnel, future is unclear |
Metro | Guangfo Metro | ![]() |
20,900 m (13.0 mi) | 2010 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Luliangshan Tunnel | ![]() |
20,785 m (12.9 mi) | 2011 | 2 tubes, left tube is 20785 meters, right tube is 20738 meters |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 4 | ![]() |
20,740 m (12.9 mi) | 2005–2007 | |
Metro | Barcelona Metro: Line 1 | ![]() |
20,700 m (12.9 mi) | 1926–1992 | |
Metro | Busan Metro: Line 1 (Hadan-Busan Nat'l Univ. of Education) | ![]() |
20,600 m (12.8 mi) | 1985–1994 | |
Metro | Xian Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
20,500 m (12.7 mi) | 2011 | |
Metro | Daejeon Metro: Line 1 | ![]() |
20,470 m (12.7 mi) | 2006–2007 | |
Metro | Nanjing Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
20,380 m (12.7 mi) | 2010 | |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 6 | ![]() |
20,336 m (12.6 mi) | 2007 | |
Hydroelectric | Ward Tunnel[citation needed] | ![]() |
20,610 m (12.8 mi) | 1920–1925 | Part of the Big Creek Hydroelectric Project of the Southern California Edison Company. Excavated through solid granite. |
Railway | Geumjeong Tunnel[30] | ![]() |
20,323 m (12.6 mi) | 2010 | Gyeongbu High Speed Railway |
Railway Twin Tube | Wushaoling Tunnel | ![]() |
20,060 m (12.5 mi) | 2006–2007 | Twin Tube, left tube is 20060 meters, right tube is 20050 meters |
Electric power transmission tunnel | The London Connection[31] | ![]() |
20,000 m (12.4 mi) | 2005[32] | National Grid plc, 3-metre diameter, 400 kilovolt circuit |
Metro | Taipei Metro: Orange Line (Luzhou - Nanshijiao) | ![]() |
19,600 m (12.2 mi) | 1998–2010 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Simplon Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
19,803 m (12.3 mi) | 1906 | A parallel tunnel was opened in 1922 (19,824 m long); Longest transit tunnel until Daishimizu Tunnel was opened. |
Metro | Koltsevaya Line (Circle Line) | ![]() ![]() |
19,400 m (12.1 mi) | 1950–1954 | |
Hydroelectric | Futang Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
19,319 m (12.0 mi) | 2009 | |
Metro | Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Bundang Line (Suwon Station-Jukjeon Station) | ![]() |
19,300 m (12.0 mi) | 2007–2013 | |
Railway Single Tube | Qamchiq Tunnel[33] | ![]() |
19,200 m (11.9 mi) | 2016 | Longest non-metro railway tunnel in ex-USSR |
Metro | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): North East Line | ![]() |
19,200 m (11.9 mi) | 2003–2011 | World's first fully automated and driverless underground rapid transit line |
Metro | Suzhou Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
19,146 m (11.9 mi) | 2009–2012 | |
Metro | Maskoŭskaja Line | ![]() ![]() |
19,100 m (11.9 mi) | 1984-2014 | |
Railway Single Track | Vereina | ![]() |
19,058 m (11.8 mi) | 1999 | Single track with passing loops, metre gauge |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 4 (Ssangmun-Ichon) | ![]() |
19,000 m (11.8 mi) | 1980 | |
Railway | Shin Kanmon Tunnel | ![]() |
18,713 m (11.6 mi) | 1975 | |
Hydroelectric | Shiziping Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
18,712 m (11.6 mi) | 2009 | |
Sewerage | Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 2[34] | ![]() |
18,800 m (11.7 mi) | 2015 | |
Railway Single Tube | Vaglia | ![]() |
18,711 m (11.6 mi) | 2009 | Bologna–Florence high-speed railway |
Hydroelectric | Baoxing Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
18,676 m (11.6 mi) | 2007 | |
Railway Single Tube | Apennine Base Tunnel | ![]() |
18,507 m (11.5 mi) | 1934 | |
Metro | Kurenivsko-Chervonoarmiyska Line | ![]() ![]() |
18,480 m (11.5 mi) | 1976 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Qinling Tunnel I-II | ![]() |
18,460 m (11.5 mi) | 2000 | Twin tubes, left tube is 18460 meters, right tube is 18456 meters[35] |
Hydroelectric | Tatev Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
18,400 m (11.4 mi) | 1970 | |
Road Twin Tube | Yamate Tunnel | ![]() |
18,200 m (11.3 mi) | 2015 | |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 1 | ![]() |
18,110 m (11.3 mi) | 1995 | |
Metro | Avtozavodskaya Line | ![]() ![]() |
18,100 m (11.2 mi) | 1990-2005 | |
Road Twin Tube | Zhongnanshan | ![]() |
18,040 m (11.2 mi) | 2007 | The longest road tunnel in China |
Metro | Line 2 (Athens Metro)[36] | ![]() |
17,900 m (11.1 mi) | 1991–2013 | |
Metro | Line 3 (Athens Metro)[36] | ![]() |
17,800 m (11.1 mi) | 1991–2013 | Line 3 is actually 41 km long, but only 17.8 km of it are underground. |
Metro | Beijing Subway: Line 5 | ![]() |
17,825 m (11.1 mi) | 2007 | |
Road | Jingpingshan | ![]() |
17,500 m (10.9 mi) | 2008 | The deepest transportation tunnel in China |
Metro | Shenzhen Subway: Longgang Line | ![]() |
17,333 m (10.8 mi) | 2010–2011 | |
Metro | Kholodnohirsko–Zavodska Line | ![]() ![]() |
17,300 m (10.7 mi) | 1975 | |
Metro | Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Shinbundang Line | ![]() |
17,300 m (10.7 mi) | 2011 | |
Water supply | Mavi Tünel (Blue Tunnel)[37] | ![]() |
17,034 m (10.6 mi) | 2012 | Breakthrough 2007 |
Road | Gotthard Road Tunnel | ![]() |
16,918 m (10.5 mi) | 1980 | |
Metro | Guangzhou Metro: Line 43 | ![]() |
16,790 m (10.4 mi) | 2005 | |
Metro | Barcelona Metro: Line 4 | ![]() |
16,700 m (10.4 mi) | 1929–1999 | |
Metro | Barcelona Metro: Line 3 | ![]() |
16,600 m (10.3 mi) | 1924–2001 | |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 2 (Jamsil-Sillim) | ![]() |
16,700 m (10.4 mi) | 1980–1984 | |
Metro | Barcelona Metro: Line 5 | ![]() |
16,600 m (10.3 mi) | 1959–1983 | |
Water supply | Murrumbidgee-Eucumbene Tunnel[27] | ![]() |
16,600 m (10.3 mi) | 1961 | Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme |
Metro | Ankara Metro (Kizilay-Çayyolu) | ![]() |
16,590 m (10.3 mi) | 2002–2014 | |
Metro | İstanbul Metro (Line M2) | ![]() |
16,500 m (10.3 mi) | 2000–2009 | |
Metro | Beijing Subway: Line 9 | ![]() |
16,500 m (10.3 mi) | 2011–2012 | |
Hydroelectric | Jinkang Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
16,490 m (10.2 mi) | 2006 | |
Metro | Madrid Metro: Line 8 | ![]() |
16,467 m (10.2 mi) | 1998–2007 | |
Metro | Guangzhou Metro: Line 1 | ![]() |
16,449 m (10.2 mi) | 1997 | |
Metro | Madrid Metro: Line 3 | ![]() |
16,424 m (10.2 mi) | 1939–2007 | |
Railway | Rokkō Tunnel[38] | ![]() |
16,250 m (10.1 mi) | 1972 | |
Railway | Solan Tunnel[39] | ![]() |
16,240 m (10.1 mi) | 2012 | Taebaek Line, includes a spiral; breakthrough 2006-12-07 |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 7 (Suraksan-Konkuk University) | ![]() |
16,000 m (9.9 mi) | 1996 | |
Metro | İstanbul Metro (Line M3) | ![]() |
15,900 m (9.9 mi) | 2013 | |
Former railway | Henderson Tunnel[40][41] | ![]() |
15,800 m (9.8 mi) | 1976 | Narrow gauge railway, replaced by a conveyor belt in 1999. Only one portal (served an underground mine)[42] |
Water supply | Pandaoling Tunnel, Datong River Diversion to Shaanxi Project | ![]() |
15,723 m (9.8 mi) | 1994 | |
Metro | Budapest Metro: Line 3[43] | ![]() |
15,500 m (9.6 mi) | 1976-1990 | Line 3 is actually 17.39 km long, but only 15.5 km of it is underground. |
Railway Single Track | Furka Base | ![]() |
15,442 m (9.6 mi) | 1982 | Single track with passing loops, metre gauge |
Metro | Seoul Subway: Line 3 (Gupabal-Geumho) | ![]() |
15,400 m (9.6 mi) | 1985 | |
Metro | Tianjin Subway: Line 1 | ![]() |
15,378 m (9.6 mi) | 1976–2006 | |
Railway | Haruna | ![]() |
15,350 m (9.5 mi) | 1982 | |
Railway Single Track | Severomuysky Tunnel | ![]() |
15,343 m (9.5 mi) | 2003 | |
Waterwaste | Deer Island Outfall Tunnel[44] | ![]() |
15,290 m (9.5 mi) | 2000 | 24 ft (7.3 m) diameter (42m2 cross section); discharges treated effluent into Atlantic Ocean |
Railway Single Tube | Firenzuola | ![]() |
15,285 m (9.5 mi) | 2009 | Bologna–Florence high-speed railway |
Hydroelectric | Inguri Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
15,279 m (9.5 mi) | 1978 | |
Metro | Shanghai Subway: Line 2 | ![]() |
15,274 m (9.5 mi) | 2000 | Between Zhanjianggaoke station and Lingkong Station |
Water supply | Jinquidi Tunnel, Niulan River Diversion to Dianchi | ![]() |
15,257 m (9.5 mi) | 2013 | |
Metro | Beijing Subway: Line 8 | ![]() |
15,200 m (9.4 mi) | 2008–2011 | |
Hydroelectric | Baotan Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
15,200 m (9.4 mi) | 2010 | |
Railway | Gorigamine Tunnel[38] | ![]() |
15,175 m (9.4 mi) | 1997 | |
Hydroelectric | Xuecheng Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel[45] | ![]() |
15,174 m (9.4 mi) | 2007 | |
Railway Single Track | Monte Santomarco | ![]() |
15,040 m (9.3 mi) | 1987 | |
Railway Single Tube | Gotthard Rail Tunnel | ![]() |
15,003 m (9.3 mi) | 1882 | Longest transit tunnel until Simplon Tunnel was opened. |
Metro | Gwangju Metro: Line 1 (Hakdong·Jeungsimsa-GwangjuSongjeong) | ![]() |
15,000 m (9.3 mi) | 2004 | |
Railway | Nakayama Tunnel | ![]() |
14,857 m (9.2 mi) | 1982 | Jōetsu Shinkansen |
Water supply | Dangara Irrigation Tunnel[46] | ![]() ![]() |
14,800 m (9.2 mi) | 1987 | |
Railway | Cuajone-El Sargento | ![]() |
14,724 m (9.1 mi)[47] | 1975 | |
Railway Single Track | Mount Macdonald Tunnel | ![]() |
14,723 m (9.1 mi) | 1989 | |
Railway Single Tube | Lötschberg Tunnel | ![]() |
14,612 m (9.1 mi) | 1913 | |
Water supply | Caoe River Diversion Project | ![]() |
14,600 m (9.1 mi) | 2011 | |
Railway Single Tube | Romerike Tunnel | ![]() |
14,580 m (9.1 mi) | 1999 | |
Water supply | Snowy-Geehi Tunnel[27] | ![]() |
14,500 m (9.0 mi) | 1966 | Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme |
Metro | Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Line 4 (Isu-Beomgye) | ![]() |
14,500 m (9.0 mi) | 1980–1994 | |
Hydroelectric | Jisha Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
14,467 m (9.0 mi) | 2007 | |
Water supply | #6 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line | ![]() |
14,400 m (8.9 mi) | 2002 | See South–North Water Transfer Project |
Water Supply | Ala Mountain Pass Water Supply Project | ![]() |
14,346 m (8.9 mi) | 2010 | |
Metro | Stockholm Metro: Tunnelbana 3 (Blue Line) Kungsträdgården-Hjulsta | ![]() |
14,300 m (8.9 mi) | 1975–1977 | |
Water supply | Tooma-Tumut Tunnel[27] | ![]() |
14,200 m (8.8 mi) | 1961 | Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme |
Railway Single Tube | Dayaoshan Tunnel[48] | ![]() |
14,294 m (8.9 mi) | 1987 | |
Hydroelectric | Zaramag Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel[49][50] | ![]() |
14,226 m (8.8 mi) | 2015[51] | |
Metro | Guangzhou Subway: Line 8 | ![]() |
14,200 m (8.8 mi) | 2003–2010 | |
Metro | Metro Lisbon - Blue (Seagull) Line | ![]() |
14,000 m (8.7 mi) | 1959–2007 | |
Mass transit | MTR - Island Line (West of Hang Fa Chuen) | ![]() |
14 km (8.7 mi) | 1985/1986/2014 | |
Road | Arlberg Road Tunnel | ![]() |
13,972 m (8.7 mi) | 1978 | |
Water Supply | Shanggongshan Tunnel, Zhangjiuhe Water Supply Project | ![]() |
13,941 m (8.7 mi) | 2007 | |
Hydroelectric | Dayingshan #4 Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | ![]() |
13,932 m (8.7 mi) | 2009 | 8.5 meters in diameter (57m2 cross section) |
Railway | Hokuriku Tunnel | ![]() |
13,870 m (8.6 mi) | 1962 | Hokuriku Main Line |
Railway Single Tube | Xiapu Tunnel | ![]() |
13,838 m (8.6 mi) | 2009 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Yesanguan Tunnel | ![]() |
13,838 m (8.6 mi) | 2010 | Tube I: 13838 meters, tube II: 13796 meters |
Road Twin Tube | Xishan Tunnel | ![]() |
13,654 m (8.5 mi) | 2012 | Left tube: 13654 meters, right tube: 13570 meters |
Railway Single Tube | Fréjus (Mont Cenis) | ![]() ![]() |
13,636 m (8.5 mi) | 1871 | |
Railway Single Tube | North Tianshan Tunnel | ![]() |
13,610 m (8.5 mi) | 2009 | |
Railway | Marmaray | ![]() |
13,600 m (8.5 mi) | 2013 | Built next to a fault zone, between two continents |
Railway Single Track | Savio Rail Tunnel | ![]() |
13,575 m (8.4 mi) | 2008 | |
Metro | Busan Metro: Line 3 (Suyeong-Deokcheon) | ![]() |
13,500 m (8.4 mi) | 2005 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Shin Shimizu Tunnel[38] | ![]() |
13,500 m (8.4 mi) | 1967 | |
Railway Single Track | Hex River Tunnel[52] | ![]() |
13,400 m (8.3 mi) | 1989 | |
Railway | Wonhyo Tunnel[53][54] | ![]() |
13,270 m (8.2 mi) | 2010 | Gyeongbu High Speed Railway |
Railway Single Tube | Dabieshan Tunnel | ![]() |
13,256 m (8.2 mi) | 2008 | |
Railway | Schlern Tunnel[55] | ![]() |
13,159 m (8.2 mi) | 1993 | |
Railway Single Tube | Caponero-Capoverde | ![]() |
13,135 m (8.2 mi) | 2001 | Includes an underground station ("San Remo") |
Road Twin Tube | Hongtiguan Tunnel | ![]() |
13,122 m (8.2 mi) | 2013 | Left tube: 13122 meters, right tube: 13098 meters |
Metro | Barcelona Metro Line 2 | ![]() |
13,100 m (8.1 mi) | 1985–1997 | |
Railway | Aki Tunnel | ![]() |
13,030 m (8.1 mi) | 1975 | |
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 13 kilometres (8 mi) |
World's longest tunnels (under construction)
Type | Name | Location | Length | Year | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water Supply | New York City Water Tunnel No. 3 | ![]() |
96,560 m (60.0 mi) | 2020 | More water supply for New York City. Already in use; at completion it will be the world's third longest tunnel |
Metro | Paris Metro Line 15 | ![]() |
75,000 m (46.6 mi) | 2022–2030 | Circular line |
Metro | Third Interchange Contour | ![]() |
58,300 m (36.2 mi) | 2016–2019 | Circular line |
Railway Twin Tube | Brenner Base Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
55,000 m (34.2 mi) | 2026 | Pilot tunnel under construction. Together with the already constructed Inntal Tunnel it will form the world's longest continuous railway tunnel with 67 km.[56] |
Metro | L9 / L10 | ![]() |
43,710 m (27.2 mi) | 2009–2016 (partially) | The total system will have a length of 47.8 km, of which 43.71 km is underground and 4.9 km is on viaducts. Northern section of the line is in operation since 2009-12-13. Southern section of the line is in operation since 2016-02-12. Future of central section is unclear. |
Metro | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Downtown Line | ![]() |
43,700 m (27.2 mi) | 2017 | |
Metro | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Thomson-East Coast Line | ![]() |
42,000 m (26.1 mi) | 2024 | |
Railway | Gaoligongshan Tunnel | ![]() |
34,531 m (21.5 mi) | 2017 | Railway between Dali and Ruili |
Railway Twin Tube | Koralm Tunnel | ![]() |
32,900 m (20.4 mi) | 2022 | Part of Koralm Railway; boring of main tunnel started at the west portal May 2010[57] |
Railway Twin Tube | Semmering Base Tunnel | ![]() |
27,300 m (17.0 mi) | 2026 | Construction of the first contract section started January 2014.[58] Will cut travel time between Vienna and Graz by 30 minutes and is part of the Baltic-Adriatic Corridor |
Water Supply | Melamchi Water supply Development Board | ![]() |
26,000 m (16.2 mi) | 2015 (??) | Under construction, financed by Asian Development Bank |
Railway | Musil Tunnel[59][60] | ![]() |
25,080 m (15.6 mi) | 2018 | Work slated to start June 2011[needs update] |
Railway Twin Tube | Pajares Base Tunnel | ![]() |
24,667 m (15.3 mi) | 2016 (??) | Breakthrough 2008; opening date in question due to severe water leakage and lowering of local water tables[61] |
Railway | Daegwallyeong Tunnel | ![]() |
21,755 m (13.5 mi) | 2017 | |
Railway | Follo Line | ![]() |
19,500 m (12.1 mi) | 2020–2021 | Groundbreaking 2014[62] |
Road | Förbifart Stockholm[63] | ![]() |
16,500 m (10.3 mi) | 2025 | |
Railway Twin Tube | Ceneri Base Tunnel | ![]() |
15,400 m (9.6 mi) | 2020-21 | New Gotthard Railway |
Road Twin tube | Mount Ovit Tunnel[64] | ![]() |
14,700 m (9.1 mi) | 2017 | Groundbreaking 2012 |
Road Twin tube | Ryfast | ![]() |
14,300 m (8.9 mi) | 2019 | Construction started spring 2013. |
Possibly incomplete table. Many more tunnels are under construction that will be shorter than 13 kilometres (8 mi) |
World's longest tunnels (advanced planning stage)
Type | Name | Location | Length | Year | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Railway | Bohai Strait tunnel | ![]() |
123,000 m (76.4 mi) | 2020–2023 | |
Railway | Gulf of Finland Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
100,000 m (62.1 mi) | ??? | Awaiting financing |
Water supply | Qinling Tunnel, Han River Diversion to Wei River | ![]() |
98,300 m (61.1 mi) | ??? | |
Railway | Mont d'Ambin Base Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
57,000 m (35.4 mi) | 2020–2023 | Access shafts constructed; reconnaissance tunnels under construction |
Mineral transportation | Woodsmith Mine Potash Project Mineral Transport System (MTS) | ![]() |
36,700 m (22.8 mi)[65] | 2021 | 6 m in diameter[66] incorporating conveyor and maintenance access. Start of construction planned for 2016.[67] |
Metro | Athens Metro Line 4[68] | ![]() |
33,000 m (20.5 mi) | 2022–2023 | Start of construction planned for 2016 |
Road twin tube | Rogfast | ![]() |
25,000 m (15.5 mi) | 2023 | Two tunnels at 25 km each plus a 4 km detour tunnel. Start of construction is planned for 2017[needs update]. |
Railway | Barrandov Tunnel | ![]() |
24,700 m (15.3 mi)[69] | after 2018 | Project is on hold |
Road and railway | Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link | ![]() ![]() |
17,600 m (10.9 mi) | 2024 | Start of construction planned for 2016 |
Road twin tube | Kresna Gorge Tunnel[70] | ![]() |
15,400 m (9.6 mi) | cancelled | Part of Struma motorway, connecting Sofia and Athens. |
Road twin tube | Agua Negra Tunnel | ![]() ![]() |
14,000 m (8.7 mi) | ??? | Awaiting ratification by Chile |
Ship Tunnel | Stad Ship Tunnel | ![]() |
1,700 m (1.1 mi) | 2023 | World’s First Tunnel for Ships. Construction is expected to start in 2019. |
World's longest tunnels (abandoned)
Type | Name | Location | Length | Year | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water supply | Gadara Aqueduct | Roman Empire | 94 km (58.4 mi) | 129– | In present-day Jordan |
See also
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tunnel.
- Lists of tunnels
- List of long tunnels by type contains separate tables for rock, railroad, subway and vehicular tunnels.
- List of long railway tunnels in China
- List of longest bridges in the world
- List of countries by total road tunnel length
References
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{{cite web}}
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a 20 km long three-metre diameter tunnel
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