List of tallest buildings: Difference between revisions
Ronnie Yau (talk | contribs) |
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.3.2.2) |
||
Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
! Rank |
! Rank |
||
! Building{{ref label|note01|A|^}}<ref>Adapted from [http://www.emporis.com/en/bu/sk/st/tp/wo/ Emporis - World's Tallest Skyscrapers]</ref> |
! Building{{ref label|note01|A|^}}<ref>Adapted from [http://www.emporis.com/en/bu/sk/st/tp/wo/ Emporis - World's Tallest Skyscrapers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225004217/http://www.emporis.com/en/bu/sk/st/tp/wo/ |date=2010-12-25 }}</ref> |
||
! City |
! City |
||
! Country |
! Country |
Revision as of 16:57, 23 May 2017
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/93/Burj_Khalifa.jpg/220px-Burj_Khalifa.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tallest_buildings_in_the_world.png/485px-Tallest_buildings_in_the_world.png)
This list of tallest buildings in the world ranks skyscrapers by height. Only buildings with continuously occupiable floors are included, thus non-building structures, including towers, are not included. (See List of tallest buildings and structures.)
Ranking criteria and alternatives
The international non-profit organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) was formed in 1969 and announces the title of "The World's Tallest Building" and sets the standards by which buildings are measured. It maintains a list of the 100 tallest completed buildings in the world.[3] The organization currently ranks Burj Khalifa in Dubai as the tallest at 828 m (2,717 ft).[3] The CTBUH only recognizes buildings that are complete, however, and some buildings listed within these list articles are not considered complete by the CTBUH.
In 1996, as a response to the dispute as to whether the Petronas Towers or the Sears Tower was taller,[4] the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories:
- height to structural or architectural top;
- height to floor of highest occupied floor;
- height to top of roof (removed as category in November 2009);[5] and
- height to top of any part of the building.
Spires are considered integral parts of the architectural design of buildings, to which changes would substantially change the appearance and design of the building, whereas antennas may be added or removed without such consequences. The Petronas Towers, with their spires, are thus ranked higher than the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roofs and lower highest point.
Until 1996, the world's tallest building was defined by the height to the top of the tallest architectural element, including spires but not antennae. This led to a rivalry between the Bank of Manhattan Building and the Chrysler Building. The Bank of Manhattan Building employed only a short spire and was 927 ft (282.5 m) tall and had a much higher top occupied floor (the second category in the 1996 criteria for tallest building). In contrast, the Chrysler Building employed a very large 125 ft (38.1 m) spire secretly assembled inside the building to claim the title of world's tallest building with a total height of 1,046 ft (318.9 m), although it had a lower top occupied floor and a shorter height when both buildings' spires were excluded.
Upset by Chrysler's victory, Shreve & Lamb, the consulting architects of the Bank of Manhattan Building, wrote a newspaper article claiming that their building was actually the tallest, since it contained the world's highest usable floor. They pointed out that the observation deck in the Bank of Manhattan Building was nearly 100 ft (30.5 m) above the top floor in the Chrysler Building, whose surpassing spire was strictly ornamental and inaccessible.[6]
At present, the Burj Khalifa tops the list by some margin, regardless of which criterion is applied.[7][8]
Tallest buildings in the world (300 m+)
As of 2017, this list includes all 139 buildings (completed and architecturally topped out) which reach a height of 300 metres (984 ft) or more, as assessed by their highest architectural feature. Seven of the last eight buildings to have held the record as 'tallest building' are still found in the list, with the exception being the North Tower of the original World Trade Center after its destruction in the September 11 attacks of 2001.
bold | Denotes building that is or was once the tallest in the world |
Rank | Building[A][9] | City | Country | Height (ft) | Height (m)[3] | Floors | Built |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Burj Khalifa | Dubai | ![]() |
2,717 ft | 828 m | 163 | 2010 |
2 | Shanghai Tower | Shanghai | ![]() |
2,073 ft | 632 m[10] | 128 | 2015 |
3 | Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower | Mecca | ![]() |
1,971 ft | 601 m[11] | 120 | 2012 |
4 | Ping An Finance Centre | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,965 ft | 599 m | 115 | 2016[B] |
5 | Lotte World Tower | Seoul | ![]() |
1,819 ft | 554.5 m | 123 | 2016 |
6 | One World Trade Center | New York City | ![]() |
1,776 ft | 541.3 m | 104 | 2014 |
7 | CTF Finance Centre | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,739 ft | 530 m[12] | 111 | 2016[B] |
8 | Taipei 101 | Taipei | ![]() |
1,667 ft | 508 m[13] | 101 | 2004 |
9 | Shanghai World Financial Center | Shanghai | ![]() |
1,614 ft | 492 m | 101 | 2008 |
10 | International Commerce Centre | Hong Kong | ![]() |
1,588 ft | 484 m | 118 | 2010 |
11 | Changsha IFS Tower T1 | Changsha | ![]() |
1,483 ft | 452.1 m | 88 | 2017 |
12 | Petronas Tower 1 | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
1,483 ft | 451.9 m | 88 | 1998 |
Petronas Tower 2 | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
1,483 ft | 451.9 m | 88 | 1998 | |
14 | Zifeng Tower | Nanjing | ![]() |
1,476 ft | 450 m | 89 | 2010 |
15 | Suzhou IFS | Suzhou | ![]() |
1,476 ft | 450 m | 92 | 2017 |
16 | Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) | Chicago | ![]() |
1,450 ft | 442.1 m | 108 | 1974 |
17 | KK100 | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,449 ft | 442 m | 100 | 2011 |
18 | Guangzhou International Finance Center | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,440 ft | 440 m | 103 | 2010 |
19 | Wuhan Center | Wuhan | ![]() |
1,437 ft | 438 m | 88 | 2016[B] |
20 | Marina 101 | Dubai | ![]() |
1,399 ft | 427 m | 101 | 2015[B] |
21 | 432 Park Avenue | New York City | ![]() |
1,396 ft | 425.5 m | 88 | 2015 |
22 | Trump International Hotel and Tower[14] | Chicago | ![]() |
1,388 ft | 423.2 m | 98 | 2009 |
23 | Jin Mao Tower | Shanghai | ![]() |
1,380 ft | 421 m | 88 | 1999 |
24 | Princess Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,358 ft[15] | 414 m | 101 | 2012 |
25 | Al Hamra Tower | Kuwait City | ![]() |
1,354 ft | 413 m | 80 | 2011 |
26 | Two International Finance Centre | Hong Kong | ![]() |
1,352 ft | 412 m | 88 | 2003 |
27 | 23 Marina | Dubai | ![]() |
1,296 ft | 395 m | 89 | 2012 |
28 | China Resources Headquarters | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,288 ft | 393 m | 67 | 2017 |
29 | CITIC Plaza | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,283 ft | 391 m | 80 | 1996 |
30 | Capital Market Authority Headquarters | Riyadh | ![]() |
1,263 ft | 385 m | 77 | 2016 |
31 | Shun Hing Square | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,260 ft | 384 m | 69 | 1996 |
32 | Eton Place Dalian Tower 1 | Dalian | ![]() |
1,257 ft | 383 m | 81 | 2015 |
33 | Burj Mohammed bin Rashid | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
1,251 ft | 381 m | 88 | 2014 |
34 | Empire State Building | New York City | ![]() |
1,250 ft | 381 m | 102 | 1931 |
35 | Elite Residence | Dubai | ![]() |
1,248 ft | 381 m | 87 | 2012 |
36 | Central Plaza | Hong Kong | ![]() |
1,227 ft | 374 m | 78 | 1992 |
Federation Tower (East Tower)[16] | Moscow | ![]() |
1,227 ft | 374 m | 95 | 2015[B] | |
38 | Dalian International Trade Center | Dalian | ![]() |
1,214 ft | 370 m | 86 | 2016[B] |
39 | The Address the BLVD | Dubai | ![]() |
1,207 ft | 368 m | 72 | 2016[B] |
40 | Bank of China Tower | Hong Kong | ![]() |
1,205 ft | 367 m | 70 | 1990 |
41 | Bank of America Tower | New York City | ![]() |
1,200 ft | 365.8 m | 54 | 2009 |
42 | Almas Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,191 ft | 363 m | 68 | 2009 |
43 | JW Marriott Marquis Dubai Tower 1 | Dubai | ![]() |
1,166 ft | 355 m | 82 | 2012 |
JW Marriott Marquis Dubai Tower 2 | Dubai | ![]() |
1,166 ft | 355 m | 82 | 2012 | |
45 | Emirates Office Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,163 ft | 355 m | 54 | 2000 |
46 | OKO Tower - South Tower | Moscow | ![]() |
1,160 ft | 354 m | 85 | 2015 |
47 | The Marina Torch | Dubai | ![]() |
1,155 ft | 352 m | 86 | 2011 |
48 | Forum 66 Tower 2 | Shenyang | ![]() |
1,152 ft | 351 m | 68 | 2015 |
49 | The Pinnacle | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,150 ft | 350 m | 60 | 2012 |
50 | Hanking Center | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,148 ft | 350 m | 73 | 2017 |
51 | Tuntex Sky Tower | Kaohsiung | ![]() |
1,140 ft | 347 m | 85 | 1997 |
52 | Aon Center | Chicago | ![]() |
1,136 ft | 346.3 m | 83 | 1973 |
53 | The Center | Hong Kong | ![]() |
1,135 ft | 346 m | 73 | 1998 |
54 | John Hancock Center | Chicago | ![]() |
1,128 ft | 343.7 m | 100 | 1969 |
55 | ADNOC Headquarters | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
1,122 ft | 342 m | 76 | 2015[B] |
Ahmed Abdul Rahim Al Attar Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,122 ft | 342 m | 76 | 2015[B] | |
57 | Mercury City Tower | Moscow | ![]() |
1,112 ft | 339 m | 75 | 2013 |
The Wharf Times Square | Wuxi | ![]() |
1,112 ft | 339 m | 68 | 2014 | |
Chongqing World Financial Center | Chongqing | ![]() |
1,112 ft | 339 m | 78 | 2014 | |
60 | Tianjin Modern City Office Tower | Tianjin | ![]() |
1,109 ft | 338 m | 65 | 2015 |
61 | Tianjin World Financial Center | Tianjin | ![]() |
1,105 ft | 337 m | 79 | 2010 |
62 | Twin Towers Guiyang, East Tower | Guiyang | ![]() |
1,099 ft | 335 m | 74 | 2017[B] |
Twin Towers Guiyang, West Tower | Guiyang | ![]() |
1,099 ft | 335 m | 74 | 2017[B] | |
DAMAC Heights | Dubai | ![]() |
1,099 ft | 335 m | 74 | 2017[B] | |
Wilshire Grand Center | Los Angeles | ![]() |
1,100 ft | 335.3 m | 73 | 2016 | |
66 | Shimao International Plaza | Shanghai | ![]() |
1,094 ft | 333 m | 61 | 2005 |
67 | Rose Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,093 ft | 333 m | 72 | 2007 |
68 | Minsheng Bank Building | Wuhan | ![]() |
1,087 ft | 331 m | 68 | 2008 |
69 | China World Trade Center Tower 3 | Beijing | ![]() |
1,083 ft | 330 m | 74 | 2009 |
Ryugyong Hotel | Pyongyang | ![]() |
1,083 ft | 330 m | 105 | 1992[C] | |
Zhuhai St. Regis Hotel & Office Tower | Zhuhai | ![]() |
1,083 ft | 330 m | 67 | 2017[B] | |
Yuexiu Fortune Center Tower 1 | Wuhan | ![]() |
1,083 ft | 330 m | 66 | 2017[B] | |
73 | Hon Kwok City Center | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,081 ft | 329 m | 80 | 2015 |
74 | Three World Trade Center | New York City | ![]() |
1,079 ft | 328.9 m | 80 | 2018[B] |
75 | Keangnam Hanoi Landmark Tower | Hanoi | ![]() |
1,078 ft | 327 m | 72 | 2011 |
76 | Al Yaqoub Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,076 ft | 327 m | 69 | 2013 |
Longxi International Hotel | Huaxi Village | ![]() |
1,076 ft | 327 m | 72 | 2011 | |
Wuxi Suning Plaza 1 | Wuxi | ![]() |
1,076 ft | 327 m | 68 | 2014 | |
79 | The Index | Dubai | ![]() |
1,070 ft | 326 m | 80 | 2010 |
80 | Guangxi Finance Plaza | Nanning | ![]() |
1,066 ft | 325 m | 68 | 2016[B] |
81 | The Landmark | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
1,063 ft | 324 m | 72 | 2012 |
Deji Plaza Phase 2 | Nanjing | ![]() |
1,063 ft | 324 m | 62 | 2013 | |
83 | Yantai Shimao No.1 The Harbour | Yantai | ![]() |
1,060 ft | 323 m | 59 | 2015[B] |
84 | Q1 | Gold Coast | ![]() |
1,058 ft | 323 m | 80 | 2005 |
85 | Wenzhou World Trade Center | Wenzhou | ![]() |
1,056 ft | 322 m | 68 | 2010 |
86 | Burj Al Arab | Dubai | ![]() |
1,053 ft | 321 m | 60 | 1999 |
87 | Nina Tower | Hong Kong | ![]() |
1,051 ft | 320 m | 80 | 2007 |
88 | Sinar Mas Center 1 | Shanghai | ![]() |
1,048 ft | 320 m | 66 | 2016[B] |
89 | Chrysler Building | New York City | ![]() |
1,046 ft | 318.9 m | 77 | 1930 |
Global City Square[17] | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,046 ft | 318.9 m | 67 | 2015[B] | |
New York Times Building | New York City | ![]() |
1,046 ft | 318.8 m | 52 | 2007 | |
92 | HHHR Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,042 ft | 317 m | 72 | 2010 |
93 | Chongqing IFS T1 | Chongqing | ![]() |
1,037 ft | 316 m | 65 | 2016[B] |
94 | Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre Tower 1[18] | Nanjing | ![]() |
1,032 ft | 315 m | 68 | 2015 |
Changsha IFS Tower T2 | Changsha | ![]() |
1,032 ft | 315 m | 65 | 2017[B] | |
96 | MahaNakhon | Bangkok | ![]() |
1,031 ft | 314 m | 75 | 2016[B] |
97 | Bank of America Plaza | Atlanta | ![]() |
1,023 ft | 311.8 m | 55 | 1992 |
98 | Moi Center | Shenyang | ![]() |
1,020 ft | 311 m | 75 | 2012 |
99 | U.S. Bank Tower | Los Angeles | ![]() |
1,018 ft | 310.3 m | 73 | 1989 |
100 | Menara Telekom | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
1,017 ft | 310 m | 55 | 2001 |
Ocean Heights | Dubai | ![]() |
1,017 ft | 310 m | 82 | 2010 | |
102 | Pearl River Tower | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,016 ft | 310 m | 71 | 2013 |
103 | Fortune Center | Guangzhou | ![]() |
1,015 ft | 309 m | 68 | 2015 |
104 | Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel | Dubai | ![]() |
1,014 ft | 309 m | 56 | 2000 |
105 | Stalnaya Vershina | Moscow | ![]() |
1,013 ft | 309 m | 72 | 2015 |
106 | Burj Rafal | Riyadh | ![]() |
1,010 ft | 308 m | 68 | 2013 |
107 | Wanda Plaza 1[19] | Kunming | ![]() |
1,008 ft | 307 m | 70 | 2016[B] |
Wanda Plaza 2[20] | Kunming | ![]() |
1,008 ft | 307 m | 70 | 2016[B] | |
109 | Franklin Center | Chicago | ![]() |
1,007 ft | 306.9 m | 60 | 1989 |
110 | Cayan Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
1,005 ft | 306 m | 76 | 2013 |
111 | East Pacific Center Tower A | Shenzhen | ![]() |
1,004 ft | 306 m | 85 | 2012 |
One57 | New York City | ![]() |
1,004 ft | 306.1 m | 75 | 2013 | |
The Shard | London | ![]() |
1,004 ft | 306 m | 73 | 2012 | |
114 | JPMorgan Chase Tower | Houston | ![]() |
1,002 ft | 305.4 m | 75 | 1982 |
Etihad Tower 2[21][22] | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
1,002 ft | 305 m | 79 | 2011 | |
116 | Northeast Asia Trade Tower | Incheon | ![]() |
1,001 ft | 305 m | 68 | 2010 |
117 | Baiyoke Tower II | Bangkok | ![]() |
997 ft | 304 m | 85 | 1997 |
Wuxi Maoye City - Marriott Hotel | Wuxi | ![]() |
997 ft | 304 m | 68 | 2014 | |
Shenzhen CFC Changfu Centre | Shenzhen | ![]() |
997 ft | 304 m | 68 | 2016 | |
120 | Two Prudential Plaza | Chicago | ![]() |
995 ft | 303.3 m | 64 | 1990 |
121 | Diwang International Fortune Center | Liuzhou | ![]() |
994 ft | 303 m | 75 | 2015[B] |
KAFD World Trade Center[23] | Riyadh | ![]() |
994 ft | 303 m | 67 | 2015[B] | |
Jiangxi Nanchang Greenland Central Plaza 1[24] | Nanchang | ![]() |
994 ft | 303 m | 59 | 2015 | |
Jiangxi Nanchang Greenland Central Plaza 2[25] | Nanchang | ![]() |
994 ft | 303 m | 59 | 2015 | |
Greenland Puli Center[26] | Jinan | ![]() |
994 ft | 303 m | 60 | 2015 | |
126 | Leatop Plaza | Guangzhou | ![]() |
993 ft | 303 m | 65 | 2011 |
127 | Wells Fargo Plaza | Houston | ![]() |
992 ft | 302.4 m | 71 | 1983 |
Kingdom Centre | Riyadh | ![]() |
992 ft | 302 m | 41 | 2002 | |
129 | The Address Downtown Burj Khalifa | Dubai | ![]() |
991 ft | 302 m | 63 | 2008 |
130 | Gate of the Orient | Suzhou | ![]() |
990 ft | 302 m | 68 | 2015 |
131 | Moscow Tower | Moscow | ![]() |
989 ft | 302 m | 76 | 2010 |
132 | We've the Zenith Tower A | Busan | ![]() |
984 ft | 301 m | 80 | 2011 |
Shenzhen Zhongzhou Holdings Financial Center Tower A | Shenzhen | ![]() |
984 ft | 301 m | 61 | 2014 | |
Huachuang International Plaza[27] | Changsha | ![]() |
984 ft | 301 m | 66 | 2017[B] | |
135 | Gran Torre Santiago | Santiago | ![]() |
984 ft | 300 m | 62 | 2012 |
Abeno Harukas | Osaka | ![]() |
984 ft | 300 m | 60 | 2014 | |
Commerzbank Tower | Frankfurt | ![]() |
984 ft | 300 m | 56 | 1997 | |
Arraya 2 | Kuwait City | ![]() |
984 ft | 300 m | 60 | 2009 | |
Aspire Tower | Doha | ![]() |
984 ft | 300 m | 36 | 2007 |
Countries with the most entries in the list
The countries with three or more buildings taller than 300 metres are:
Country | Number of buildings |
Percent of total |
---|---|---|
![]() |
64 | 46% |
![]() |
26 | 19% |
![]() |
19 | 14% |
![]() |
5 | 3.5% |
![]() |
5 | 3.5% |
![]() |
3 | 2% |
![]() |
3 | 2% |
Others | 14 | 10% |
Total | 139 | 100% |
The count for China includes six in Hong Kong and, with the exception of a dozen buildings, all are relatively new, having been completed in and after 2010. Worldwide, as there are plans in the next five years for more than 80 buildings in the same height range (including about 40 in China), then the list should have a total of about 200 buildings by the year 2020.
Photo gallery
-
One World Trade Center in New York City, is the 6th tallest building and the tallest in the Western Hemisphere.
-
The Shanghai World Financial Center is the 9th tallest building and the 3rd tallest in China.
-
The International Commerce Centre in Hong Kong, is currently the 10th tallest building.
-
The Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were the tallest buildings from 1998 to 2004, and are still the tallest twin buildings.
-
Willis Tower, formerly Sears Tower, in Chicago, United States, was the tallest building from 1974 to 1998.
-
New York City's Empire State Building was the tallest building from 1931 to 1972, and is the 5th tallest building in the United States.
-
The Ryugyong Hotel is the tallest building in North Korea.
-
The Wilshire Grand Center in Los Angeles, became the tallest building in the United States west of the Mississippi River following its topping out in March 2016.
-
Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong, was the first building outside the United States to break the 305 m (1,000 ft) mark and was the tallest building in Hong Kong and Asia from 1990 to 1992.
Alternative measurements
Height to pinnacle (highest point)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Tallest_Buildings_in_the_World_by_pinnacle_height.png/400px-Tallest_Buildings_in_the_World_by_pinnacle_height.png)
This measurement disregards distinctions between architectural and non-architectural extensions, and simply measures to the highest point. This measurement is useful for air traffic obstacle determinations, and is also a wholly objective measure. However, this measurement includes extensions that are easily added, removed, and modified from a building and are independent of the overall structure.
This measurement only recently came into use, when the Petronas Towers passed the Sears Tower (now called Willis Tower) in height. The former was considered taller because its spires were considered architectural, while the latter's antennae were not. This led to the split of definitions, with the Sears Tower claiming the lead in this and the height-to-roof (now highest occupied floor) categories, and with the Petronas claiming the lead in the architectural height category.
bold | †Denotes building with pinnacle height higher than architectural |
Rank | Building | City | Country | Height | Floors | Built | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Burj Khalifa† | Dubai | ![]() |
829.8 m | 2,722 ft | 163 | 2010 |
2 | Shanghai Tower | Shanghai | ![]() |
632 m | 2,073 ft | 128 | 2015 |
3 | Abraj Al-Bait Towers | Mecca | ![]() |
601 m[11] | 1,971 ft | 120 | 2012 |
4 | Ping An Finance Center | Shenzhen | ![]() |
599 m | 1,965 ft | 115 | 2016 |
5 | Lotte World Tower | Seoul | ![]() |
555 m | 1,823 ft | 123 | 2016 |
6 | One World Trade Center† | New York City | ![]() |
546.2 m | 1,792 ft | 104 | 2014 |
7 | Willis Tower† | Chicago | ![]() |
527 m | 1,729 ft | 108 | 1974 |
8 | Taipei 101 | Taipei | ![]() |
509.2 m | 1,671 ft | 101 | 2004 |
9 | Shanghai World Financial Center | Shanghai | ![]() |
494.4 m | 1,614 ft | 101 | 2008 |
10 | International Commerce Centre | Hong Kong | ![]() |
484 m | 1,588 ft | 118 | 2010 |
11 | John Hancock Center† | Chicago | ![]() |
456.9 m | 1,499 ft | 100 | 1969 |
12 | Changsha IFS Tower T1 | Changsha | ![]() |
452 m | 1,483 ft | 94 | 2017 |
12 | Petronas Tower 1 | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
451.9 m | 1,483 ft | 88 | 1998 |
12 | Petronas Tower 2 | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
451.9 m | 1,483 ft | 88 | 1998 |
15 | Zifeng Tower | Nanjing | ![]() |
450 m | 1,476 ft | 89 | 2009 |
15 | Suzhou IFS | Suzhou | ![]() |
450 m | 1,476 ft | 98 | 2017 |
17 | Empire State Building† | New York City | ![]() |
443.2 m | 1,454 ft | 102 | 1931 |
18 | Kingkey 100 | Shenzhen | ![]() |
442 m | 1,449 ft | 100 | 2011 |
19 | Guangzhou International Finance Center | Guangzhou | ![]() |
440.5 m | 1,445 ft | 103 | 2009 |
20 | 432 Park Avenue | New York City | ![]() |
425.5 m | 1,396 ft | 85 | 2015 |
21 | Trump International Hotel and Tower | Chicago | ![]() |
423.2 m | 1,388 ft | 96 | 2009 |
22 | Jin Mao Tower | Shanghai | ![]() |
421 m | 1,381 ft | 88 | 1998 |
23 | Princess Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
414 m | 1,358 ft[15] | 101 | 2012 |
24 | Al Hamra Tower | Kuwait City | ![]() |
412.6 m | 1,354 ft | 80 | 2010 |
25 | Two International Finance Centre | Hong Kong | ![]() |
412 m | 1,352 ft | 88 | 2003 |
26 | 23 Marina | Dubai | ![]() |
395 m | 1,296 ft | 89 | 2012 |
27 | China Resources Headquarters | Shenzhen | ![]() |
392.5 m | 1,288 ft | 67 | 2017 |
28 | CITIC Plaza | Guangzhou | ![]() |
391 m | 1,283 ft | 80 | 1997 |
29 | Shun Hing Square | Shenzhen | ![]() |
384 m | 1,260 ft | 69 | 1996 |
30 | Eton Place Dalian Tower 1 | Dalian | ![]() |
383.1 m | 1,257 ft | 81 | 2015 |
31 | Burj Mohammed bin Rashid | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
381.2 m | 1,251 ft | 88 | 2014 |
32 | Elite Residence | Dubai | ![]() |
380.5 m | 1,248 ft | 87 | 2012 |
30 | Tuntex Sky Tower† | Kaohsiung | ![]() |
378 m | 1,240 ft | 85 | 1997 |
31 | Central Plaza | Hong Kong | ![]() |
374 m | 1,227 ft | 78 | 1992 |
32 | Bank of China Tower | Hong Kong | ![]() |
367.4 m | 1,205 ft | 72 | 1990 |
33 | Bank of America Tower | New York City | ![]() |
365.8 m | 1,200 ft | 54 | 2008 |
34 | Almas Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
363 m | 1,191 ft | 68 | 2008 |
35 | Aon Center† | Chicago | ![]() |
362.5 m | 1,189 ft | 83 | 1973 |
36 | SEG Plaza† | Shenzhen | ![]() |
355.8 m | 1,167 ft | 70 | 2000 |
37 | Emirates Park Tower 1 | Dubai | ![]() |
355.4 m | 1,166 ft | 77 | 2010 |
38 | Emirates Park Tower 2 | Dubai | ![]() |
355.4 m | 1,166 ft | 77 | 2010 |
39 | First Canadian Place† | Toronto | ![]() |
355 m | 1,165 ft | 72 | 1975 |
40 | Emirates Office Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
354.6 m | 1,163 ft | 56 | 2000 |
41 | OKO Tower - South Tower | Moscow | ![]() |
354.1 m | 1,160 ft | 85 | 2015 |
42 | The Marina Torch | Dubai | ![]() |
352 m | 1,155 ft | 86 | 2011 |
43 | Forum 66 Tower 2 | Shenyang | ![]() |
350.6 m | 1,150 ft | 68 | 2015 |
44 | The Pinnacle | Guangzhou | ![]() |
350.3 m | 1,149 ft | 60 | 2012 |
45 | Hanking Center | Shenzhen | ![]() |
350 m | 1,148 ft | 73 | 2017 |
45 | Keangnam Hanoi Landmark Tower† | Hanoi | ![]() |
349 m | 1,145 ft | 72 | 2012 |
46 | The Center | Hong Kong | ![]() |
346 m | 1,135 ft | 73 | 1998 |
47 | ADNOC Headquarters | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
342 m | 1,122 ft | 76 | 2015 |
48 | Ahmed Abdul Rahim Al Attar Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
342 m | 1,122 ft | 76 | 2010 |
49 | Conde Nast Building† | New York City | ![]() |
340.7 m | 1,118 ft | 48 | 1999 |
50 | The Wharf Times Square | Wuxi | ![]() |
339 m | 1,112 ft | 68 | 2014 |
49 | Chongqing World Financial Center | Chongqing | ![]() |
338.9 m | 1,112 ft | 78 | 2014 |
50 | Mercury City Tower | Moscow | ![]() |
338.8 m | 1,112 ft | 75 | 2012 |
51 | Tianjin World Financial Center | Tianjin | ![]() |
336.9 m | 1,105 ft | 79 | 2010 |
52 | Shanghai Shimao International Plaza | Shanghai | ![]() |
333 m | 1,094 ft | 60 | 2005 |
53 | Rose Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
333 m | 1,093 ft | 72 | 2008 |
54 | Modern Media Center† | Changzhou | ![]() |
333 m | 1,093 ft | 57 | 2013 |
55 | Minsheng Bank Building | Wuhan | ![]() |
331 m | 1,086 ft | 68 | 2007 |
56 | Ryugyong Hotel | Pyongyang | ![]() |
330 m | 1,083 ft | 105 | 1992[C] |
57 | China World Trade Center Tower 3 | Beijing | ![]() |
330 m | 1,083 ft | 74 | 2008 |
58 | Baiyoke Tower II† | Bangkok | ![]() |
328.4 m | 1,077 ft | 85 | 1997 |
59 | Wuxi Suning Plaza 1 | Wuxi | ![]() |
328 m | 1,076 ft | 68 | 2014 |
60 | Al Yaqoub Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
328 m | 1,076 ft | 72 | 2010 |
61 | Hanging Village of Huaxi | Huaxi Village | ![]() |
328 m | 1,076 ft | 72 | 2011 |
62 | The Index | Dubai | ![]() |
326 m | 1,070 ft | 80 | 2009 |
63 | The Landmark | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
324 m | 1,072 ft | 72 | 2010 |
64 | Deji Plaza Phase 2 | Nanjing | ![]() |
324 m | 1,063 ft | 62 | 2013 |
65 | Q1 | Gold Coast | ![]() |
322.5 m | 1,058 ft | 78 | 2005 |
66 | Wenzhou World Trade Center | Wenzhou | ![]() |
322 m | 1,056 ft | 68 | 2010 |
67 | Burj Al Arab | Dubai | ![]() |
321 m | 1,053 ft | 60 | 1999 |
68 | Nina Tower | Hong Kong | ![]() |
320.4 m | 1,051 ft | 80 | 2007 |
69 | Chrysler Building | New York City | ![]() |
318.9 m | 1,046 ft | 77 | 1930 |
70 | New York Times Building | New York City | ![]() |
318.8 m | 1,046 ft | 52 | 2007 |
71 | HHHR Tower | Dubai | ![]() |
317 m | 1,040 ft | 72 | 2010 |
72 | Bank of America Plaza | Atlanta | ![]() |
317.8 m | 1,042 ft | 55 | 1992 |
73 | U.S. Bank Tower | Los Angeles | ![]() |
310.3 m | 1,018 ft | 73 | 1989 |
74 | Gama Tower | Jakarta | ![]() |
310 m | 1,017 ft | 69 | 2016 |
74 | Ocean Heights | Dubai | ![]() |
310 m | 1,017 ft | 82 | 2010 |
75 | Menara Telekom | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
310 m | 1,017 ft | 55 | 2001 |
76 | Sky Tower | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
310 m | 1,017 ft | 74 | 2010 |
77 | Pearl River Tower | Guangzhou | ![]() |
310 m | 1,016 ft | 71 | 2012 |
78 | The Shard | London | ![]() |
309.7 m | 1,016 ft | 95 | 2012 |
79 | Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel | Dubai | ![]() |
309 m | 1,014 ft | 56 | 2000 |
80 | AT&T Corporate Center | Chicago | ![]() |
307 m | 1,007 ft | 60 | 1989 |
81 | One57 | New York City | ![]() |
306.1 m | 1,004 ft | 73 | 2014 |
82 | The Address Downtown Burj Khalifa | Dubai | ![]() |
306 m | 1,004 ft | 63 | 2008 |
83 | JPMorganChase Tower | Houston | ![]() |
305.4 m | 1,002 ft | 75 | 1982 |
84 | Etihad Tower 2[21][22] | Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
305.4 m | 1,002 ft | 79 | 2011 |
85 | Northeast Asia Trade Tower | Incheon | ![]() |
305.1 m | 1,001 ft | 68 | 2010 |
86 | One Shell Plaza | Houston | ![]() |
304.8 m | 1000 ft | 50 | 1971 |
87 | Two Prudential Plaza | Chicago | ![]() |
303.3 m | 995 ft | 64 | 1990 |
88 | Leatop Plaza | Guangzhou | ![]() |
302.7 m | 993 ft | 65 | 2012 |
89 | Wells Fargo Plaza | Houston | ![]() |
302.4 m | 992 ft | 71 | 1983 |
90 | Kingdom Centre | Riyadh | ![]() |
302 m | 991 ft | 41 | 2002 |
91 | Moscow Tower | Moscow | ![]() |
302 m | 989 ft | 76 | 2010 |
92 | Haeundae Doosan We've the Zenith Tower A | Busan | ![]() |
301 m | 988 ft | 80 | 2011 |
93 | Commerzbank Tower | Frankfurt | ![]() |
300.1 m | 985 ft | 53 | 1997 |
94 | Aspire Tower | Doha | ![]() |
300 m | 984 ft | 36 | 2007 |
95 | Arraya 2 | Kuwait City | ![]() |
300 m | 984 ft | 60 | 2009 |
Buildings under construction
This is a list of 82 buildings taller than 300 metres or 65 floors that are currently under construction. More than half of the buildings are located in China.
Building | Planned pinnacle height | Planned roof height | Floors | Planned completion | Country | City | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jeddah Tower | 1,008 m (3,307 ft) | 960 m (3,150 ft) | 167+ | 2020 | ![]() |
Jeddah | Will become the tallest in the world upon completion.[28] |
Suzhou Zhongnan Center | 729 m (2,392 ft) | 729 m (2,392 ft) | 137 | 2020 | ![]() |
Suzhou | Building on hold[29] |
Wuhan Greenland Center | 636 m (2,087 ft) | 575 m (1,886 ft) | 125 | 2018 | ![]() |
Wuhan | |
KL118 | 630 m (2,070 ft) | 118 | 2019 | ![]() |
Kuala Lumpur | Will become the tallest building in Southeast Asia. | |
Rama IX Super Tower | 615 m (2,018 ft) | 118 | 2021 | ![]() |
Bangkok | [30] | |
Goldin Finance 117 | 597 m (1,959 ft) | 117 | 2017 | ![]() |
Tianjin | ||
Baoneng Shenyang Global Financial Center | 565 m (1,854 ft) | 114 | 2018 | ![]() |
Shenyang | ||
Tianjin Chow Tai Fook Binhai Center | 530 m (1,740 ft) | 530 m (1,740 ft) | 98 | 2018 | ![]() |
Tianjin | |
China Zun | 528 m (1,732 ft) | 528 m (1,732 ft) | 118 | 2017 | ![]() |
Beijing | |
Skyfame Center Landmark Tower | 528 m (1,732 ft) | 528 m (1,732 ft) | 108 | 2021 | ![]() |
Nanning | [31] |
Entisar Tower | 520 m (1,710 ft) | 520 m (1,710 ft) | 111 | 2020 | ![]() |
Dubai | [32] |
Dalian Greenland Center | 518 m (1,699 ft) | 518 m (1,699 ft) | 88 | 2018[33] | ![]() |
Dalian | |
Evergrande IFC 1 | 518 m (1,699 ft) | 518 m (1,699 ft) | 112 | ![]() |
Hefei | [34] | |
Central Park Tower | 478 m (1,568 ft) | 131 | 2019 | ![]() |
New York City | Will become the second tallest building in New York. Also known as the Nordstrom Tower. | |
Chengdu Greenland Tower | 468 m (1,535 ft) | 116 | 2018 | ![]() |
Chengdu | ||
International Commerce Center 1 | 468 m (1,535 ft) | 430 m (1,410 ft) | 99 | 2019[35] | ![]() |
Chongqing | |
Lakhta Center | 462 m (1,516 ft) | 86 | 2018 | ![]() |
St. Petersburg | Will become tallest building in Europe upon completion.[36] | |
Landmark 81 | 461.2 m (1,513 ft) | 81 | 2018 | ![]() |
Ho Chi Minh City | ||
TRX Signature Tower | 452 m (1,483 ft) | 106 | 2021 | ![]() |
Kuala Lumpur | [37] | |
Marina 106 | 445 m (1,460 ft) | 104 | 2019 | ![]() |
Dubai | ||
China Resources Centre Block A | 445 m (1,460 ft) | 90 | 2018 | ![]() |
Nanning | [38] | |
World One | 442 m (1,450 ft) | 442 m (1,450 ft) | 117 | 2018 | ![]() |
Mumbai | Will become tallest residential skyscraper in the world if completed before Pentominium.[39][40][41][42][43][44] |
111 West 57th Street | 438 m (1,437 ft) | 408.7 m (1,341 ft) | 82 | 2018 | ![]() |
New York City | Scheduled to be world's skinniest skyscraper "with a slenderness ratio of about 1:24."[45] |
Riverview Plaza | 436 m (1,430 ft) | 73 | 2018 | ![]() |
Wuhan | ||
Akhmat Tower | 435 m (1,427 ft) | 100 | 2020 | ![]() |
Grozny | It will be the second tallest building in Europe upon completion. | |
Diamond Tower | 432 m (1,417 ft) | 93 | 2019 | ![]() |
Jeddah | [46] | |
Haikou Tower | 428 m (1,404 ft) | 94 | 2020 | ![]() |
Haikou | ||
One Vanderbilt | 427 m (1,401 ft) | 58 | 2021 | ![]() |
New York City | [47] | |
Dongguan International Trade Center 1 | 427 m (1,401 ft) | 88 | 2019 | ![]() |
Dongguan | ||
Haeundae LCT The Sharp Landmark Tower | 411.6 m (1,350 ft) | 411.6 m (1,350 ft) | 101 | 2018 | ![]() |
Busan | |
Guiyang Financial Center Tower 1 | 400 m (1,300 ft) | 76 | 2021 | ![]() |
Guiyang | [48] | |
Ningbo Center Tower 1 | 398 m (1,306 ft) | 80 | 2021 | ![]() |
Ningbo | [49] | |
Shum Yip Upperhills Tower 1 | 388 m (1,273 ft) | 80 | 2019 | ![]() |
Shenzhen | ||
30 Hudson Yards | 387 m (1,270 ft) | 73 | 2019 | ![]() |
New York City | ||
Logan Century | 386 m (1,266 ft) | 82 | 2017 | ![]() |
Nanning | ||
Abu Dhabi Plaza | 382 m (1,253 ft) | 75 | 2017 | ![]() |
Astana | ||
Gemdale Gangxia Tower 1 | 375.5 m (1,232 ft) | 80 | 2018 | ![]() |
Shenzhen | ||
Three Sixty West Tower B | 372 m (1,220 ft)[50] | 85 | 2017 | ![]() |
Mumbai | ||
Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower A | 368 m (1,207 ft) | 76 | 2018 | ![]() |
Nanjing | ||
VietinBank Business Center Office Tower | 363 m (1,191 ft) | 321 m (1,053 ft) | 70 | 2018 | ![]() |
Hanoi | |
Wanda Vista | 361 m (1,184 ft) | 93 | 2020 | ![]() |
Chicago | ||
Greenland Group Suzhou Center | 358 m (1,175 ft) | 75 | 2018 | ![]() |
Suzhou | [51] | |
Icon Tower 1 | 350 m (1,150 ft) | 75 | 2018 | ![]() |
Jakarta | ||
Gezhouba International Plaza | 350 m (1,150 ft) | 69 | 2017 | ![]() |
Wuhan | ||
Spring City 66 | 349 m (1,145 ft) | 61 | 2018 | ![]() |
Kunming | [52] | |
Shimao Hunan Center | 347 m (1,138 ft) | ?? | 2018 | ![]() |
Changsha | ||
Xiamen International Center | 343.9 m (1,128 ft) | 343.9 m (1,128 ft) | 68 | 2017 | ![]() |
Xiamen | [53] |
Four Season Place | 342.5 m (1,124 ft) | 342.5 m (1,124 ft) | 65 | 2018 | ![]() |
Kuala Lumpur | |
Comcast Innovation and Technology Center | 342 m (1,122 ft) | 60 | 2018 | ![]() |
Philadelphia | Will become the tallest building in the United States outside New York and Chicago. | |
Suning Plaza Tower 1 | 341.3 m (1,120 ft) | 341.3 m (1,120 ft) | 77 | 2017 | ![]() |
Zhenjiang | |
Haeundae LCT The Sharp Residential Tower A | 339.1 m (1,113 ft) | 339.1 m (1,113 ft) | 85 | 2018 | ![]() |
Busan | |
One Shenzhen Bay | 338 m (1,109 ft) | 80 | 2018 | ![]() |
Shenzhen | ||
Tianjin Modern City Office Tower | 338 m (1,109 ft) | 65 | 2016 | ![]() |
Tianjin | ||
Neva towers | 337 m (1,106 ft) | 337 m (1,106 ft) | 77 | 2019 | ![]() |
Moscow | |
Thamrin Nine | 333.5 m (1,094 ft) | 71 | 2017 | ![]() |
Jakarta | ||
Haeundae LCT The Sharp Residential Tower B | 333.1 m (1,093 ft) | 333.1 m (1,093 ft) | 85 | 2018 | ![]() |
Busan | |
Jinan Center Financial City | 333 m (1,093 ft) | ?? | ? | ![]() |
Jinan | ||
Mandarin Oriental Chengdu | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 88 | 2017 | ![]() |
Chengdu | ||
Changsha A9 Financial District | 330 m (1,080 ft) | 68 | 2019 | ![]() |
Changsha | ||
Wuhan Yangtze River Shipping Center | 330 m (1,080 ft) | 65 | 2018 | ![]() |
Wuhan | ||
Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower B | 328 m (1,076 ft) | 68 | 2018 | ![]() |
Nanjing | ||
Nanjing World Trade Center Tower 1 | 328 m (1,076 ft) | 328 m (1,076 ft) | 69 | 2019 | ![]() |
Nanjing | |
Baoneng Center | 327 m (1,073 ft) | 65 | 2018 | ![]() |
Shenzhen | ||
Salesforce Tower | 326 m (1,070 ft) | 278 m (912 ft) | 61 | 2018 | ![]() |
San Francisco | Formerly Transbay Tower. Will become tallest building in San Francisco. |
Gate of Taipei | 322.2 m (1,057 ft) | 322.2 m (1,057 ft) | 76 | 2017 | ![]() |
Taipei | |
Lamar Tower 1 | 322 m (1,056 ft) | 70 | 2018 | ![]() |
Jeddah | ||
Palais Royale Mumbai | 320 m (1,050 ft) | 320 m (1,050 ft) | 88 | 2017 | ![]() |
Mumbai | Structurally "topped out" but not architecturally yet. Will become the tallest building in India, if completed before World One.[54] |
53W53 | 320 m (1,050 ft) | 320 m (1,050 ft) | 82 | 2018 | ![]() |
New York City | Also known as the MoMA Expansion Tower and Tower Verre. |
Guangxi Jiuzhou International Building | 318 m (1,043 ft) | 302 m (991 ft) | 71 | 2017 | ![]() |
Nanning | |
Australia 108 | 317 m (1,040 ft) | 100 | 2020 | ![]() |
Melbourne | Will become second tallest building in Australia, and the tallest building in Melbourne. | |
Magnolias Waterfront Residences Tower 1 2 | 315 m (1,033 ft) | 70 | 2019 | ![]() |
Bangkok | May become the tallest building in Thailand in 2019 | |
Varso | 310 m (1,020 ft) | 230 m (750 ft) | 53 | 2020 | ![]() |
Warsaw | May be the tallest building in European Union upon completion. |
Lokhandwala Minerva | 307 m (1,007 ft) | 307 m (1,007 ft) | 82 | 2017 | ![]() |
Mumbai | Residential[55][56][57] |
Indonesia-1 Towers | 303 m (994 ft) | 64/60 | 2019 | ![]() |
Jakarta | Tallest twin towers in Jakarta upon completion. | |
Fuya International Financial Center | 303 m (994 ft) | 70 | 2018 | ![]() |
Las Vegas | May become the tallest building in Nevada | |
EGO Ofis Tower | 301 m (988 ft) | 66 | 2019 | ![]() |
Ankara | [58] | |
Brys Buzz | 300 m (984 ft) |
82 | 2017 | ![]() |
Greater Noida | [59] | |
Century Textiles Office Tower | 300 m (984 ft) |
59 | 2019 | ![]() |
Mumbai | [60][61] | |
Supernova Spira | 300 m (980 ft) | 80 | 2017 | ![]() |
Noida | ||
Omkar 1973 Worli Tower 1 | 300 m (980 ft) | 78 | 2016(?) | ![]() |
Mumbai | [62] | |
Omkar 1973 Worli Tower 2 | 300 m (980 ft) | 77 | 2016(?) | ![]() |
Mumbai | [62] | |
Omkar Alta Monte Tower D | 300 m (980 ft) | 73 | 2016(?) | ![]() |
Mumbai | ||
Shenglong Global Center | 300 m (980 ft) | 57 | 2017 | ![]() |
Fuzhou | ||
Jin Wan Plaza 1 | 300 m (980 ft) | 300 m (980 ft) | 66 | 2017 | ![]() |
Tianjin | [63] |
Lamar Tower 2 | 300 m (980 ft) | 67 | mid 2018 | ![]() |
Jeddah |
List by continent
The following list shows the tallest completed buildings located in each continent listed by greatest to least height:
Continent | Building | Height | Floor count | Completed | Country | City |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asia | Burj Khalifa | 828 m (2,717 ft) | 160 | 2010 | ![]() |
Dubai |
Europe | Federation Tower | 374 m (1,227 ft) | 95 | 2015 | ![]() |
Moscow |
North America | One World Trade Center | 541.3 m (1,776 ft) | 104 | 2013 | ![]() |
New York City |
Oceania | Q1 | 323 m (1,060 ft) | 78 | 2005 | ![]() |
Gold Coast |
South America | Gran Torre Santiago[64] | 300 m (980 ft) | 64 | 2012 | ![]() |
Santiago |
Africa | Carlton Centre | 225.5 m (740 ft) | 50 | 1973 | ![]() |
Johannesburg |
Antarctica | Long Duration Balloon (LDB) Payload Preparation Buildings[65] | 15 m (49 ft) | - | 2005[66] | ![]() |
McMurdo Station |
See also
- History of the world's tallest buildings
- List of tallest buildings by height to roof
- List of tallest twin buildings and structures
- List of buildings with 100 floors or more
- List of architects of supertall buildings
- List of cities with the most skyscrapers
- List of cities with the most high-rise buildings
- List of future tallest buildings
- List of tallest structures in the Indian subcontinent
- List of tallest buildings and structures
- List of largest buildings
- List of tallest freestanding structures
- List of tallest hotels
- List of tallest residential buildings
- List of tallest structures
- List of tallest structures by country
- Skyscraper Index
Notes
- A. ^ Destroyed buildings not included
- B. ^ Topped out but not completed.
- C. ^ Topped out in 1992, when construction was halted. Work was restarted in 2008, exterior work completed in 2011; interior work still ongoing.
References
- ^ "Burj Dubai now a record 688m tall and continues to rise". Emaar Properties. 1 September 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2008.
- ^ "The Tallest 20 in 2020: Entering the Era of the Megatall". CTBUH. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
- ^ a b c "100 tallest completed buildings in the world". CTBUH. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
- ^ Lynn S. Beedle. "Tallest: Petronas vs. Sears Tower Controversy". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
- ^ "CTBUH changes height criteria, Burj Khalifa height increases". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 17 November 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
- ^ Binders, George (August 2006). 101 of the World's Tallest Buildings. p. 102.
- ^ "Tall Buildings In Numbers Vanity Height". Ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ "Most of the World's Tallest Buildings Game the System With 'Vanity Height' - Jenny Xie". The Atlantic Cities. 2013-09-09. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ Adapted from Emporis - World's Tallest Skyscrapers Archived 2010-12-25 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "China tallest building, Shanghai Tower, gets final beam". 3 August 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
- ^ a b Abraj Al-Bait Towers at CTBUH
- ^ CTF Finance Centre at CTBUH
- ^ Taipei 101 at CTBUH
- ^ CTBUH: Trump Tower Chicago
- ^ a b "Princess Tower | Buildings". Dubai /: Emporis. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
- ^ http://realty.interfax.ru/realtyinf.asp?id=445420&sec=1460
- ^ "Global City Square". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre Tower 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Wanda Plaza 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Wanda Plaza 2". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ a b "Stellar Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ a b "CTBUH Tall Buildings Database: Etihad Tower 2". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
- ^ "KAFD World Trade Center". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
- ^ "Jiangxi Nanchang Greenland Central Plaza 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Jiangxi Nanchang Greenland Central Plaza 2". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Greenland Puli Center". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Huachuang International Plaza Tower 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Kingdom Tower in Saudi Arabia Will Soon Be the World's Tallest Building". Retrieved 2014-12-28.
- ^ "Suzhou Zhongnan Center". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Rama IX Super Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Skyfame Center Landmark Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Entisar Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/dalian-greenland-center/9672
- ^ "Evergrande IFC 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ http://skyscrapercenter.com/building/chongqing-corporate-avenue-1/148
- ^ Lakhta Center Facts | CTBUH Skyscraper Database
- ^ "TRX Signature Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "China Resources Centre Block A". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
- ^ "Lodha's premium project require a capex of Rs 2000 crore". Moneycontrol.com. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ (AFP) – Jun 7, 2010 (2010-06-07). "AFP: Mumbai plans world's tallest apartment block". Google.com. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Sakaal Times". Sakaal Times. 2010-06-08. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "World's tallest apartment in Mumbai by 2014 - Videos - India - IBNLive". Ibnlive.in.com. 2010-02-03. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "Mumbai". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
- ^ "World One, Mumbai". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
- ^ SHoP Goes Skinny
- ^ "Diamond Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "One Vanderbilt". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Guiyang Financial Center Tower 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Ningbo Center Tower 1". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ "Oberoi Oasis Residential Tower;". CTBUH. Retrieved 2012-08-23.
- ^ "Greenland Group Suzhou Center". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
- ^ "Spring City 66". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
- ^ Xiamen International Centre Facts | CTBUH Skyscraper Database
- ^ 155 West 57th Street at CTBUH
- ^ "Official Website". www.lokhandwalainfrastructure.com. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
- ^ "Minerva, Mumbai". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
- ^ "Lokhandwala Minerva". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
- ^ "EGO Ofis Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
- ^ http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/brys-buzz/14744
- ^ "Century IT Park". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
- ^ "Century IT Park". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
- ^ a b http://omkar1973.com/
- ^ "Jin Wan Plaza 1". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
- ^ "Costanera Center es oficialmente el edificio más alto de Latinoámerica". La Segunda. 2012-02-14.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "McMurdo Station - Antarctica", StratoCat. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
- ^ Jones, W. Vernon. "Report on the Balloon Program", NASA Astrophysics Subcommittee Meeting. 16 April 2013.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- BuildingHeights.org, alternative ranking of the world's 1000 tallest buildings
- Emporis, international database and gallery of buildings
- Structurae, international database and gallery of structures
- The World's Tallest buildings list, including u/c and planned buildings, plus historical lists by decade
- A map visualization of each country's tallest building.