Jump to content

Bohol

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by PureTrade (talk | contribs) at 16:34, 3 December 2016 (→‎Education). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

This article is about the Philippine province. For other uses, see Bohol (disambiguation).
Bohol
Province
Province of Bohol
Bohol Capitol Building, Tagbilaran
Bohol Capitol Building, Tagbilaran
Flag of Bohol
Flag
Official seal of Bohol
Seal
Anthem: Awit sa Bohol Bohol Hymn[1]
Location in the Philippines
Location in the Philippines
CountryPhilippines
RegionCentral Visayas
Discovered
Founded		25 March 1565
22 July 1854
Provincial CapitalTagbilaran
Government
 [2]
 • TypeSangguniang Panlalawigan
 • Governor of BoholEdgar Chatto (LP)
 • Vice Governor of BoholDionisio Balite
 • Provincial Board
Members
Area
[3]
 • Total4,820.95 km2 (1,861.38 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census)[4]
 • Total1,394,329
 • Density290/km2 (750/sq mi)
 • Voter (2019)[5] 
898,682
 • Language
Cebuano
Eskayan
Demonym(s)boholano
Bul·anon
boholana
Boholan
Divisions
 • Independent cities0
 • Component cities
1
  • Tagbilaran
 • Municipalities
47
 • Districts3
Time zoneUTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP code
6300–6346
IDD : area code +63 (0)38
ISO 3166 codePH-BOH
Income class1st class
PSGC071200000
Websitewww.bohol.gov.ph

Bohol is a [[Template:PH plural of the Philippines#Income classification|1st provincial income class province]] of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, consisting of the island itself and 75 minor surrounding islands.[6] Its capital is Tagbilaran. With a land area of 4,821 km2 (1,861 sq mi) and a coastline 261 km (162 mi) long, Bohol is the tenth largest island of the Philippines.[7] To the west of Bohol is Cebu, to the northeast is the island of Leyte and to the south, across the Bohol Sea, is Mindanao.

The province is a popular tourist destination with its beaches and resorts.[8] The Chocolate Hills, numerous mounds of limestone formations, are the most popular attraction. The formations can be seen by land (climbing the highest point) or by air via ultralight air tours. Panglao Island, located just southwest of Tagbilaran, is famous for its diving locations and is routinely listed as one of the top ten diving locations in the world. Numerous tourist resorts and dive centers dot the southern beaches. The Philippine tarsier, amongst the world's smallest primates, is indigenous to the island.

A narrow strait separates the island of Cebu and Bohol, and both share a common language, but the Boholanos retain a conscious distinction from the Cebuanos. Bohol's climate is generally dry, with maximum rainfall between the months of June and October. The interior is cooler than the coast.

It is the home province of Carlos P. Garcia, the eighth president of the Republic of the Philippines (1957–1961) who was born in Talibon, Bohol.[9]

On 15 October 2013, Bohol was devastated by a 7.2 magnitude earthquake whose epicenter was 6 km (3.7 mi) south of Sagbayan town. The earthquake, which also hit southern Cebu, claimed 156 lives altogether and injured 374 people. It also destroyed or damaged a number of Bohol's heritage churches.[10][11]

History

Early history

A drawing from the Boxer Codex depicting the Pintados.

Bohol was first settled by Australoid people, like the rest of the Philippines. They still inhabit the island today and are known as the Eskaya tribe. Their population also was absorbed into the Austronesian or Malayo-Polynesian peoples who later settled the islands and form the majority of the population. The Austronesian people living on Bohol traded with other islands in the Philippines and as far as China and Borneo.

The people of Bohol are said to be the descendants of a group of inhabitants who settled in the Philippines called pintados or "tattooed ones."[12] Boholanos already had a culture of their own as evidenced by artifacts unearthed at Mansasa, Tagbilaran, and in Dauis and Panglao.

In a book entitled Tubod The Heart of Bohol published and accredited by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts of the Philippines, Bohol's first indigenous people settled in the Anda peninsula. These people came from northeast Mindanao. These people were responsible for the Anda petrographs which are one of the most important indigenous rock writing in the country. Around the 12th century, a group of people from Northern Mindanao settled in the straight between mainland Bohol and the island of Panglao. Those people came from a nation in northern Mindanao called Lutao (probably the animist kingdom of what will soon be the Islamic Lanao). According to the much credited book, those people established the Kingdom of Dapitan in western Bohol because the true indigenous people of Bohol in the Anda peninsula and nearby areas were not open to them, forcing them to establish settlement in the western part of the island. The kingdom was first built with hardwood on the soft seabed. It engaged it trade with nearby areas and some Chinese merchants. The Jesuit Alcina tales about a rich nation he called the 'Venice of the Visayas', pointing to the Kingdom of Dapitan at that time. The Jesuit also tells of a princess named Bugbung Hamusanum, whose beauty caused her suitor to raid parts of southern China to win her hand. By 1563, before the full Spanish colonization agenda came to Bohol, the Kingdom of Dapitan was at war with the Ternateans of the Moluccas (who were also raiding the Rajahnate of Butuan). At the time, Dapitan was ruled by two brothers named Dalisan and Pagbuaya. The Ternateans at the time were allied to the Portuguese. Dapitan was destroyed and King Dalisan was killed in battle. His brother, King Pagbuaya, together with his people fled back to Mindanao and established a new Dapitan in the northern coast of the Zamboanga peninsula. The new Dapitan eventually was subjugated by the Spanish. Pagbuaya's son, Manooc was among those who sided with the Spanish. He converted to Christianity and aided the Spaniards in the conquest of Islamic Manila and the Camarines area in Luzon. The people of Dapitan also assisted the Spanish in the conquest of Northern Mindanao. Eventually, the Dapitans took their vengeance against the Ternateans when Manooc's cousin, Laria, guided the Spanish in their invasion of the Moluccas (Ternate).[13]

Bohol is derived from the word Bo-ho or Bo-ol.[7] The island was the seat of the first international treaty of peace and unity between the native king Datu Sikatuna and Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi on 16 March 1565 through a blood compact alliance known today by many Filipinos as the Sandugo.[14]

Spanish colonial period

The earliest significant contact of the island with Spain occurred in 1565. On 25 March (16 March in the Julian calendar), a Spanish explorer named Miguel López de Legazpi arrived in Bohol seeking spices and gold. After convincing the native chieftains that they were not Portuguese (who raided the islands of Mactan in 1521), Legazpi made a peace pact with Datu Sikatuna. This pact was signified with a blood compact between the two men.[15] This event, called the Sandugo ("one blood"), is celebrated in Bohol every year during the Sandugo Festival. The Sandugo or blood compact is also depicted on Bohol's provincial flag and the Bohol provincial seal.[16]

File:Blood Compact Bohol.jpg
Statue commemorating the "Blood Compact" in Tagbilaran

Two significant revolts occurred in Bohol during the Spanish Era. One was the Tamblot Uprising in 1621, led by Tamblot, a babaylan or native priest. The other was the famous Dagohoy Rebellion, considered the longest in Philippine history. This rebellion was led by Francisco Dagohoy, also known as Francisco Sendrijas, from 1744 to 1829.[15]

Politically, Bohol was administered as a residencia of Cebu. It became a separate politico-military province on 22 July 1854 together with Siquijor. A census in 1879 found Bohol with a population of 253,103 distributed among 34 municipalities.[17]

The culture of the Boholanos was influenced by Spain and Mexico during colonization. Many traditional dances, music, dishes and other aspects of the culture have considerable Hispanic influence.

U.S. intervention and occupation

After the United States defeated Spain in the Spanish–American War, the U.S. bought the entire Philippine islands. However, under the newly proclaimed independent government established by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, which was not recognized by the U.S., Bohol was governed as a Gobierno de Canton.

During the resulting Philippine–American War, American troops peacefully took over the island in March 1899.[18] However, in January 1901, Pedro Sanson led 2,000 in rebellion, due to the harsh treatment imparted by these troops and the destruction they caused.[18] General Hughes led a campaign of repression in October 1901, destroying a number of towns, and threatening in December 1901 to burn Tagbilaran if the rebels did not surrender.[18] Pantaleon E. del Rosario then negotiated the rebel surrender.[18]

On 10 March 1917, the Americans made Bohol a separate province under Act 2711 (which also established most of the other Philippine provinces).

Japanese occupation and liberation

Japanese troops landed in Tagbilaran on 17 May 1942. Boholanos struggled in a guerilla resistance against the Japanese forces. Bohol was later liberated by the local guerrillas and the Filipino and American troops who landed on 11 April 1945.[19]

A plaque placed on the port of Tagbilaran commemorating the liberation reads:

One thousand one hundred seventy two officers and men of the 3rd Battalion of the 164th Infantry Regiment of the Americal Division under the command of Lt. Col. William H. Considine landed at the Tagbilaran Insular Wharf at 7:00 o'clock in the morning of April 11, 1945.

The convoy taking the Filipino and American liberation forces to Bohol consisted of a flotilla of six landing ships (medium), six landing crafts (infantry), two landing crafts (support), and one landing craft (medium-rocket)[clarification needed]. Upon arrival, the reinforced battalion combat team advanced rapidly to the east and northeast with the mission of destroying all hostile forces in Bohol. Motor patrols were immediately dispatched by Col. Considine, Task Force Commander, and combed the area to the north and east, approximately halfway across the island, but no enemies were found during the reconnaissance. Finally, an enemy group of undetermined strength was located to the north of Ginopolan in Valencia, near the Sierra-Bullones boundary.

By 17 April the Task Force was poised to strike in Ginopolan. The bulk of the Japanese force was destroyed and beaten in the ten days of action. Bohol was officially declared liberated on 25 May 1945 by Major General William H. Arnold, Commander of the Americal Division. About this time, most officers and men of the Bohol Area Command had been processed by units of the Eighth United States Army.

On 31 May 1945, the Bohol Area Command was officially deactivated upon orders of Lt. General Robert L. Eichelberger, Commanding General of the Eighth United States Army, together with the Philippine Constabulary, the former Philippine Commonwealth Army Forces and the Boholano guerrillas.

During the Second Battle of Bohol from March to August 1945, Filipino troops of the 8th, 83rd, 85th and 86th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and 8th Infantry Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary captured and liberated the island province of Bohol and helped the Boholano guerrilla fighters and U.S. liberation forces defeat the Japanese Imperial forces under General Sōsaku Suzuki.[citation needed]

Earthquakes

Main article: 2013 Bohol earthquake

At 8:12 a.m. (PST) on 15 October 2013, the island province suffered a severe earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter scale.[20] Its epicenter was at 9°52′N 124°04′E / 9.86°N 124.07°E / 9.86; 124.07 (6 km (3.7 mi) S 24° W of Sagbayan and 629 km (391 mi) from Manila), and its depth of focus was 12 km (7.5 mi). The quake was felt as far as Davao City, Mindanao. According to official reports by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), 57 people died in Bohol, and 104 were injured.[21]

It was the deadliest earthquake in the Philippines since the 7.8 magnitude 1990 Luzon earthquake.[22] Earlier that same year Bohol was struck by an earthquake (on 8 February 1990) with an epicentre almost exactly the same as in 2013,[23] causing six fatalities and 200 injured. Several buildings were damaged and it caused a tsunami.[24]

Geography

The Chocolate Hills of Bohol

The Chocolate Hills are considered one of Philippine's natural wonders and Bohol is often referred to as the Jewel of the Philippines. They are hills made of limestone left over from coral reefs during the Ice Age when the island was submerged. They turn brown during the summer.

There are four main rivers that run through Bohol, with the Loboc River running from the center of the island to the mid-southern coast. The largest river, the Inabanga, runs in the northwestern part of the province; the Abatan River runs in the southwest, and Ipil River in the north.

Numerous waterfalls and caves are scattered across the island, including Mag‑Aso Falls in Antequera. Mag‑Aso means smoke in the native tongue. The water is cool and often creates a mist in humid mornings which can hide the falls.

The Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape protects Bohol's largest remaining lowland forest and can be found in the island's southern portion near Bilar.

Physical

With a land area of 4,821 km2 (1,861 sq mi) and a coastline 261 km (162 mi) long, Bohol is the tenth largest island of the Philippines. The main island is surrounded by about 70 smaller islands, the largest of which are Panglao Island, facing Tagbilaran, in the southwest and Lapinig Island in the northeast.

The terrain of Bohol is basically rolling and hilly, and about half the island is covered in limestone. Near the outer areas of the island are low mountain ranges. The interior is a large plateau with irregular landforms.

Near Carmen, the Chocolate Hills are more than 1,200 uniformly cone-shaped limestone hills named for the grass growing on the hills that turns brown in the summer, making the landscape look like chocolate mounds. The Chocolate Hills appear on the provincial seal of Bohol.

Islands

The outlying islands surrounding mainland Bohol under the jurisdiction of the Bohol Provincial Government are:

  • Alicia
  • Bagatusan
  • Bagong Banwa
  • Balicasag
  • Banacon
  • Banbanan
  • Bansaan
  • Batasan
  • Bay Sa Owak
  • Bilangbilangan
  • Bonbon
  • Bosaan
  • Buabuahan
  • Bugatusan
  • Busalian
  • Cabilao
  • Cabul‑an
  • Cabantulan
  • Cabgan
  • Calangaman
  • Cancoslino
  • Calituban
  • Cataban
  • Catang
  • Cati‑il
  • Cuaming
  • Gak‑ang
  • Gaus
  • Guindacpan
  • Hambongan
  • Hingutanan
  • Inanoran
  • Jaguliao
  • Jandayan
  • Jao
  • Juagdan
  • Lapinig
  • Lapinig Chico (Tres Reyes)
  • Limasoc
  • Lumislis
  • Ma‑agpit
  • Mahanay
  • Makaina
  • Makalingao
  • Malingin
  • Mantatao Daku
  • Mantatao Gamay
  • Maomauan
  • Maubay
  • Mocaboc
  • Nasingin
  • Nocnocan
  • Pamasaun
  • Pamilacan
  • Pandanon
  • Pandao
  • Pangangan
  • Pangapasan
  • Panglao
  • Pinango
  • Potohan
  • Pungtud
  • Saag
  • Sagasa
  • Sandingan
  • Sentingnenay
  • Silo
  • Sinandigan
  • Tabangdio
  • Talibon
  • Talimobo
  • Tambo
  • Tangtaang
  • Tintinan
  • Tumok

Tarsier

In 1996 the Philippine Tarsier Foundation was established in Corella, Bohol in efforts to help conserve and protect tarsiers and their habitat. Forest and habitat sanctuaries have been created to ensure the safety of tarsiers while allowing visitors to roam and discover these miniature primates in their natural habitats.

The tarsier is the smallest living primate that exists in several South East Asian countries today. The Philippine tarsier, Tarsius syrichta, is near to threatened according to the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species.[25] Adaptation to their large bulging eyes allows them to catch prey clearly at night, and with elongated limbs and fingers, leaping from tree to tree gives no limitation to the tarsier.[26] Their brain is about the same size as their eyes. The connection between its eyes and brain serves a unique function to these animals which is important for their stability and balance.[27] Tarsiers have incredible hearing abilities. They can hear a frequency of up to 91 kHz (kilohertz) and send sounds of 70 kHz.[28]

Climate

From November to April, the northeast monsoon (amihan) prevails. Except for a rare shower, this is the mildest time of the year. Daytime temperatures average 28 °C (82 °F), cooling at night to around 25 °C (77 °F). The summer season from May to July brings higher temperatures and very humid days. From August to October is the southwest monsoon (habagat). The weather during this season is not very predictable, with weeks of calm weather alternating with rainy days. It can rain any day of the year, but a higher chance of heavy showers occurs from November to January.

Administrative divisions

The province of Bohol is a first-class province divided into 3 congressional districts, contenting 1 component city and 47 municipalities.[29] It has 1,109 barangays[30] with a total population of 1,394,329.[4]

PSGC City or Municipality Population ±% p.a. Area PD 2020
2020[4] 2010[31] km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
071201000 Alburquerque 0.8% 11,246 9,921 ▴ 1.26% 26.98 10.42 420 1,100
071202000 Alicia 1.7% 24,374 22,285 ▴ 0.90% 114.50 44.21 210 550
071203000 Anda 1.3% 17,778 16,909 ▴ 0.50% 61.89 23.90 290 740
071204000 Antequera 1.1% 14,990 14,481 ▴ 0.35% 118.60 45.79 130 330
071205000 Baclayon 1.6% 22,461 18,630 ▴ 1.89% 34.43 13.29 650 1,700
071206000 Balilihan 1.3% 18,694 17,147 ▴ 0.87% 127.27 49.14 150 380
071207000 Batuan 1.0% 13,845 12,431 ▴ 1.08% 79.08 30.53 180 450
071248000 Bien Unido 1.9% 26,666 23,412 ▴ 1.31% 27.39 10.58 970 2,500
071208000 Bilar 1.3% 18,512 17,078 ▴ 0.81% 129.71 50.08 140 370
071209000 Buenavista 2.1% 29,711 26,443 ▴ 1.17% 96.00 37.07 310 800
071210000 Calape 2.4% 33,079 29,786 ▴ 1.05% 75.36 29.10 440 1,100
071211000 Candijay 2.2% 30,119 31,183 ▾ −0.35% 103.26 39.87 290 760
071212000 Carmen 3.5% 49,191 43,153 ▴ 1.32% 239.45 92.45 210 530
071213000 Catigbian 1.7% 23,805 23,333 ▴ 0.20% 113.33 43.76 210 540
071214000 Clarin 1.5% 21,158 18,871 ▴ 1.15% 52.12 20.12 410 1,100
071215000 Corella 0.7% 9,479 7,471 ▴ 2.41% 37.22 14.37 250 660
071216000 Cortes 1.3% 18,344 14,586 ▴ 2.32% 27.32 10.55 670 1,700
071217000 Dagohoy 1.4% 19,874 18,311 ▴ 0.82% 77.59 29.96 260 660
071218000 Danao 1.5% 20,245 17,716 ▴ 1.34% 162.76 62.84 120 320
071219000 Dauis 3.8% 52,492 36,525 ▴ 3.69% 43.33 16.73 1,200 3,100
071220000 Dimiao 1.1% 14,889 14,187 ▴ 0.48% 135.75 52.41 110 280
071221000 Duero 1.4% 18,861 17,254 ▴ 0.89% 97.30 37.57 190 500
071222000 Garcia Hernandez 1.8% 24,430 21,308 ▴ 1.38% 127.50 49.23 190 500
071226000 Getafe 2.4% 33,422 27,852 ▴ 1.84% 120.50 46.53 280 720
071223000 Guindulman 2.4% 34,104 32,355 ▴ 0.53% 179.17 69.18 190 490
071224000 Inabanga 3.5% 48,534 43,331 ▴ 1.14% 125.63 48.51 390 1,000
071225000 Jagna 2.6% 35,832 32,034 ▴ 1.13% 168.49 65.05 210 550
071227000 Lila 0.9% 12,240 10,801 ▴ 1.26% 40.50 15.64 300 780
071228000 Loay 1.3% 17,855 15,881 ▴ 1.18% 48.24 18.63 370 960
071229000 Loboc 1.2% 17,418 16,299 ▴ 0.67% 57.65 22.26 300 780
071230000 Loon 3.2% 44,224 42,441 ▴ 0.41% 125.38 48.41 350 910
071231000 Mabini 2.1% 28,701 28,788 ▾ −0.03% 104.57 40.37 270 710
071232000 Maribojoc 1.6% 22,178 18,113 ▴ 2.04% 69.08 26.67 320 830
071233000 Panglao 2.9% 39,839 25,558 ▴ 4.54% 47.79 18.45 830 2,200
071234000 Pilar 2.1% 28,693 27,276 ▴ 0.51% 120.39 46.48 240 620
071235000 President Carlos P. Garcia 1.7% 23,625 25,118 ▾ −0.61% 54.82 21.17 430 1,100
071236000 Sagbayan 1.7% 24,335 22,339 ▴ 0.86% 69.61 26.88 350 910
071237000 San Isidro 0.7% 9,909 9,176 ▴ 0.77% 60.04 23.18 170 430
071238000 San Miguel 1.8% 25,356 22,199 ▴ 1.34% 123.29 47.60 210 530
071239000 Sevilla 0.8% 11,376 11,289 ▴ 0.08% 64.55 24.92 180 460
071240000 Sierra Bullones 1.9% 26,095 26,398 ▾ −0.12% 198.87 76.78 130 340
071241000 Sikatuna 0.5% 6,906 6,335 ▴ 0.87% 38.22 14.76 180 470
071242000 Tagbilaran  † 7.5% 104,976 92,297 ▴ 1.30% 36.50 14.09 2,900 7,400
071243000 Talibon 5.1% 71,272 59,274 ▴ 1.86% 140.46 54.23 510 1,300
071244000 Trinidad 2.5% 35,119 27,580 ▴ 2.45% 195.30 75.41 180 470
071245000 Tubigon 3.4% 47,886 44,434 ▴ 0.75% 81.87 31.61 580 1,500
071246000 Ubay 5.9% 81,799 65,900 ▴ 2.18% 335.06 129.37 240 630
071247000 Valencia 2.0% 28,392 28,043 ▴ 0.12% 116.67 45.05 240 630
TOTAL 1,394,329 1,255,128 ▴ 1.06% 4,820.95 1,861.40 290 750
† Provincial capital     Municipality     Component city

Demographics

Population census of Bohol
YearPop.±% p.a.
1990 948,403—    
1995 994,440+0.89%
2000 1,139,130+2.95%
YearPop.±% p.a.
2007 1,230,110+1.07%
2010 1,255,128+0.74%
2015 1,313,560+0.87%
Source: Philippine Statistics Office[32][31][33]

According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 1,394,329.[4] Template:PH electorate

Legislative districts

Provincial Capitol Complex of Bohol in Tagbilaran
1st Congressional District

President Carlos P. Garcia † 9,999,999
2nd Congressional District

President Carlos P. Garcia † 9,999,999
3rd Congressional District

President Carlos P. Garcia † 9,999,999
Rene Relampagos
Liberal Party 		Erico Aristotle Aumentado
Nationalist People's Coalition 		Arthur Yap
Nationalist People's Coalition
City or municipality Electorate
2019 		City or municipality Electorate
2019 		City or municipality Electorate
2019
Alburquerque 7,775 Bien Unido 18,684 Alicia 17,111
Antequera 10,139 Buenavista 22,032 Anda 13,817
Baclayon 14,180 Clarin 16,375 Batuan 9,920
Balilihan 14,669 Dagohoy 13,425 Bilar 13,418
Calape 22,819 Danao 13,834 Candijay 21,628
Catigbian 16,269 Getafe 24,148 Carmen 35,225
Corella 6,084 Inabanga 24,338 Dimiao 11,141
Cortes 11,748 President Carlos P. Garcia 16,793 Duero 14,109
Dauis 31,781 Sagbayan 16,758 Garcia Hernandez 18,085
Loon 30,156 San Isidro 7,246 Guindulman 31,877
Maribojoc 14,759 San Miguel 17,329 Jagna 21,499
Panglao 28,052 Talibon 42,762 Lila 7,780
Sikatuna 5,141 Trinidad 23,715 Loay 12,917
Tagbilaran † 70,254 Ubay 50,205 Loboc 13,855
Tubigon 32,645 Mabini 19,861
Pilar 19,243
Sevilla 8,146
Sierra Bullones 17,853
Valencia 18,191
1st District 316,471 2nd District 307,644 3rd District 325,676
Total 898,682

Economy

Tourism plays an increasing role in the island's economy. The Panglao Island International Airport is currently planned for Panglao, which houses the most-visited and accessible beaches in the province. Proponents of the scheme hope that the new airport will increase Bohol's reputation as an international tourist destination although the plan has been dogged by ongoing criticism.[34]

Infrastructure

Airport

Tagbilaran Airport terminal building
Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippines Sea Port
Sunset at Tagbilaran Sea Port

Though a number of national flag carriers serve the Tagbilaran Airport, a proposed international airport (see Panglao Island International Airport) has been planned on nearby Panglao Island to accommodate bigger aircraft and handle larger volumes of passengers and tourists to the province. The Panglao airport project is controversial. Private land in the planned right-of-way that was bought cheaply is being sold expensively, creating further issues and delays.

Seaports

Port of Tubigon, the busiest among the smaller ports, offers more than ten daily round trips plying the Cebu-Bohol route. Catagbacan Port in Loon serves the roll-on roll-off services between Cebu and Bohol for those who have vehicles. Port of Jagna offers service between Bohol to Cagayan and Camiguin (with roll-on/roll-off) route. The other ports are Ubay, Talibon, Getafe, Buenavista, and Clarin.

Media Organizations

Bohol has 2 major AM radio stations, DYRD and DYTR, both based in Tagbilaran City. Another AM radio station, DYZD, based in Ubay, is being operated by DYRD. Both DYRD and DYTR also operate FM stations with the same names. There are multiple weekly or bi-weekly newspapers like Bohol Chronicle, Sunday Post, Bohol Times, Bohol Standard and Bohol Bantay Balita. An online news website called Bohol News Daily aggregates news from various sources.

Education

The literacy rate of the province of Bohol is high at 98%.[30]

Institutions of Higher Learning are:

Festivals

Main article: List of Bohol Festivals
  • Sandugo Festival (1–31 July)
  • Tagbilaran City Fiesta (1 May)
  • Saulog Tagbilaran Festival in honor to Saint Joseph the Worker
  • Bolibong Kingking Festival (23–24 May) – Loboc, Bohol
  • Pana-ad sa Loboc (Holy Thursday & Good Friday) – Loboc
  • SidlaKasilak or Festival of Lights – Loon (Fiesta Week: 30 August – 8 September)
  • Sambat Mascara y Regatta Festival (1st Saturday of December) – Loay, Bohol
  • Suroy sa Musikero (25 December 25 – 2 February) – Loboc
  • Bohol Fiestas (month of May)
  • Ubi Festival (January)[35]
  • Tigum Bol-anon Tibuok Kalibutan or TBTK – "A gathering of Boholanos from different parts of the world and the name for such a grand event"[36]
  • Hudyaka sa Panglao (27–28 August) Panglao, Bohol
  • Sinulog (3rd Saturday of January) – Valencia, Bohol
  • Dujan Festival (3rd to last week of January) – Anda
  • Sinuog–Estokada Festival (28–29 September) – Jagna
  • Chocolate Hills Festival – Carmen
  • Alimango Festival – Mabini
  • Humay Festival – Candijay
  • Guimbawan Festival – Batuan

Notable people

  • Alona beach
    Alona beach
  • Bohol interior
    Bohol interior
  • Loboc river
    Loboc river
  • Mahogany forest in Bohol
    Mahogany forest in Bohol
  • Baclayon church
    Baclayon church
  • Panglao watchtower
    Panglao watchtower
  • Tarsier
    Tarsier
  • Kalamay delicacy
    Kalamay delicacy

See also

References

  1. ^ Hellingman 2002.
  2. ^  [https://lgu201.dilg.gov.ph/view.php?r=07&p=12
  3. ^ "Province: Bohol". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d Census of Population (2020). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  5. ^ "Number of Registered Voters by Sex : 2019 National and Local Elections" (PDF). Commission on Elections. 2019.
  6. ^ "Bohol Island Philippines". bohol-philippines.com. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  7. ^ a b The Island-Province of Bohol www.bohol.gov.ph Retrieved 15 November 2006.
  8. ^ Socio-economic Profile www.bohol.gov.ph
  9. ^ Bountiful Bohol www.aenet.org Retrieved 15 November 2006.
  10. ^ Philippines quake hits Cebu and Bohol BBC News. Retrieved on 15 October 2013
  11. ^ Powerful quake kills 74 people, destroys heritage churches in Bohol, Cebu GMA News Online. Retrieved on 15 October 2013
  12. ^ Bohol-The Island Province www.aenet.org Retrieved 15 November 2006.
  13. ^ http://ncca.gov.ph/publications/
  14. ^ A Short History of Bohol (Part 1) www.bohol.ph Retrieved 15 November 2006.
  15. ^ a b (Gardner 1997), sourced from Zaide 1949
  16. ^ The Bohol Flag and Seal www.bohol.gov.ph Retrieved November 15, 2006.
  17. ^ History of Bohol www.bohol.gov.ph Retrieved 15 November 2006.
  18. ^ a b c d Foreman 1906, p. 528.
  19. ^ A Short History of Bohol (Part II) www.bohol.ph Retrieved November 15, 2006.
  20. ^ "Earthquake Bulletin No. 3: 7.2 Bohol Earthquake". Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. 15 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
  21. ^ "SitRep No.2 re Effects of Earthquake in Carmen, Bohol" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. 13 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  22. ^ Philippine Daily Inquirer 2013.
  23. ^ EERI 1990.
  24. ^ New York Times 2013.
  25. ^ "Tarsius syrichta (Philippine Tarsier, Phillipine Tarsier)". www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
  26. ^ "Primate Factsheets: Tarsier (Tarsius) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology". pin.primate.wisc.edu. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
  27. ^ "Endangered Species International". www.endangeredspeciesinternational.org. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
  28. ^ "World's Highest-Pitched Primate Calls Out Like a Bat". LiveScience.com. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
  29. ^ NEDA 2000.
  30. ^ a b Bohol Profile Executive Brief www.bohol.gov.ph Retrieved November 19, 2006.
  31. ^ a b Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region VII (Central Visayas)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  32. ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  33. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  34. ^ "Bohol Profile on Infrastructure". Government of Bohol. Archived from the original on 10 October 2006.
  35. ^ Bohol to hold ubi festival www.inq7.net Retrieved December 4, 2006
  36. ^ Bohol Island Festivals www.hoteltravel.com Retrieved November 19, 2006.

Sources

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bohol (province).
Wikisource has the text of the 1920 Encyclopedia Americana article Bohol.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bohol&oldid=752832627"