Aftermath of the January 6 United States Capitol attack
January 6 United States Capitol attack |
---|
Timeline • Planning |
Background |
Participants |
Aftermath |
![]() | |
---|---|
Attempts to overturn | |
Democratic Party | |
Republican Party | |
Third parties | |
Related races | |
| |
In the aftermath of the 2021 United States Capitol storming, criminal investigations, public health concerns, and various political repercussions have occurred, most notably the second impeachment of Donald Trump. The riot triggered a nationwide manhunt for the perpetrators by federal law enforcement, with arrests and indictments following within days. The incident led to the resignation of leading figures within the United States Capitol Police (USCP) and the Trump administration. Cabinet officials were pressured to invoke the 25th Amendment for removing Trump from office.
People identified as rioters at the Capitol have been subjected to criminal investigations and arrests. Per his involvement in inciting the storming of the Capitol, Trump was suspended from various social media sites, including Twitter, YouTube and Facebook. In response to various posts by Trump supporters on the microblogging site Parler in favor of the riot, insurrection, and attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election, its cloud computing services hosted by Amazon Web Services were terminated by Amazon on January 10.
Public health officials have highlighted the danger of this event in exacerbating the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Security measures were also dramatically increased for the inauguration of Joe Biden as president. This included the deployment of the United States National Guard, with a security perimeter erected around Capitol Hill. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi announced the formation of a Commission similar to the 9/11 Commission for investigating the events surrounding the attack on the Capitol.[1]
Background
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Interior_damage_after_2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol_by_Bill_Cassidy_01.jpg/170px-Interior_damage_after_2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol_by_Bill_Cassidy_01.jpg)
The storming of the United States Capitol was a riot and violent attack against the 117th United States Congress on January 6, 2021, carried out by a mob of supporters of U.S. President Donald Trump in an attempt to overturn his defeat in the 2020 presidential election.[2] After attending a political rally hosted by the president, thousands[3] of his supporters marched down Pennsylvania Avenue to the Capitol, with many breaching police perimeters and storming the building in an effort to disrupt the Electoral College vote count formalizing President-elect Joe Biden's election victory.[4][5] The mob subsequently occupied, vandalized,[6][7] and looted[8] parts of the building for several hours, leading to the evacuation and lockdown of the Capitol, as well as five deaths.[9][10][11][12][13]
Criminal investigations and prosecutions
![]() | It has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled Criminal charges brought in the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. (Discuss) (February 2021) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg/220px-FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg)
On January 7, Michael R. Sherwin, the interim United States Attorney for the District of Columbia, said rioters could be charged with seditious conspiracy or insurrection.[14] He said any Capitol Police officer found to have assisted the rioters would be charged,[15] and he further suggested that Trump could be investigated for comments he made to his supporters before they stormed the Capitol and that others who "assisted or facilitated or played some ancillary role" in the events could also be investigated.[14] As of January 14, the majority of charges filed were for disorderly conduct and unlawful entry.[16]
Also on January 7, House Homeland Security Committee Chairman Bennie Thompson said any rioter who entered the Capitol should be added to the federal No Fly List.[17] Former acting FBI director Andrew McCabe and inspector general David C. Williams argued Trump could face criminal charges for inciting the riot.[18]
D.C. Attorney General Karl Racine said he is specifically looking at whether to charge Donald Trump Jr., Rudy Giuliani and Mo Brooks with inciting the violent attack on the Capitol, and indicated that he might consider charging Donald Trump when he has left office.[19] Calls for Trump to be prosecuted for inciting the crowd to storm the Capitol also were made in the aftermath of the event.[20] D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser said, "We saw an unprecedented attack on our American democracy incited by the United States president. He must be held accountable. His constant and divisive rhetoric led to the abhorrent actions we saw today."[21] Legal experts have said charging Trump with incitement would be difficult under Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969), the Supreme Court ruling which established that for speech to be considered criminally inciting, it must have been intended to incite "imminent lawless action" and "likely to incite or produce such action".[22]
Though the number of people arrested is large enough to defy generalization, at least 17% were tied to extremist or fringe movements,[23] including the Proud Boys, Oath Keepers, Three Percenters, and Patriot Front,[24] as well as the Texas Freedom Force.[25] The majority were not affiliated with a specific far-right group and had been more informally radicalized by right-wing Internet, social media, or television.[24][26] At least 15% had ties to the military or law enforcement.[23] About 40% were business owners or white-collar workers; only about 9% were unemployed.[24] A Washington Post review of public records showed that of defendants with enough information to identify financial histories, almost 60% had experienced financial problems over the preceding twenty years.[24] Some 18% had a past bankruptcy (nearly double the rate of the general public), 20% had prior eviction and foreclosure proceedings, 25% had been sued by a creditor for not paying money owed; and others had bad debt, delinquent taxes, or tax liens.[24] Many clearly expressed a belief in the QAnon conspiracy theory.[27] While the majority of those charged were men, 25 women were also charged.[25] Among those whose age was known, the average age was 41 years; the youngest charged was 18, and the oldest was 70.[25] Those who were arrested came from 42 states, with the largest numbers coming from Texas, New York, Florida, and Pennsylvania.[25] At least 27 had previous criminal records;[26] with at least nine having been previously accused of, or convicted of, committing violence against women (including one who had served five years in prison for rape and sexual battery) or had been the subject of domestic violence restraining orders.[28]
On February 10, CNN reported that the FBI, investigating the death of Capitol Police officer Brian Sicknick, was in the process of narrowing down a list of potential suspects.[29] On February 26, the agency reportedly identified one suspect of focus, according to sources.[30]
The New York Times reported in March 2021 that the FBI was investigating communications between an unnamed associate of the White House and an unnamed member of Proud Boys during the days prior to the incursion. The communications had been detected by examining cellphone metadata and were separate from previously known contacts between Roger Stone and Proud Boys.[31]
Numbers of people involved
The day after the storming of the Capitol, the FBI and D.C.'s Metropolitan Police Department asked the public for help identifying the rioters.[32][33] Within days, members of the public sent the FBI more than 70,000 photo and video tips.[34] One person was harassed after being incorrectly identified as a participant in the riots by members of the public. His personal information had been doxed, and he reported receiving harassing phone calls and posts on social media.[35]
In a press conference on January 12, Steven D'Antuono from the Federal Bureau of Investigation announced the agency's expectation to arrest hundreds more in the coming months, as it sorts through the vast amount of evidence submitted by the public. The charge brought against most rioters would likely include accusations of sedition and conspiracy.[36]
On January 8, the Justice Department announced charges against thirteen people in connection with the Capitol riot in federal district court; many more have been charged in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.[37][38] By January 11, the FBI and the Department of Justice were working to track down more than 150, with that number expected to rise. Acting Attorney General Jeffrey A. Rosen instructed federal prosecutors to send all cases back to DC for prosecution, in a move prosecutors across the county found "confounding".[34]
As of January 13, more than fifty public sector employees and elected officials and over a dozen Capitol police officers were facing internal investigations to determine their possible complicity in the riot.[39]
Potential legal defense of arrestees
Several individuals in multiple states who have been arrested for their actions during the Capitol storming and riots have utilized the comments of then President Trump in their legal defenses. Others have made similar comments to friends and family.[40][41] One arrested rioter was quoted by news sources stating, "I feel like I was basically following my president. I was following what we were called to do."[42] An ABC News investigation found that of about two hundred accused individuals facing federal charges, at least fifteen have made statements claiming they had acted based on Trump's encouragement. One such individual, who also threatened to assassinate Rep. Ocasio Cortez during the riot said, "I believed I was following the instructions of former President Trump. I also left Washington and started back to Texas immediately after President Trump asked us to go home."[43]
Several others held out for Presidential pardons from Trump prior to him leaving office, such as Jacob Angeli.[44] Albert Watkins, Angeli's lawyer, appeared on CNN in February 2021, and claimed that Angeli and millions of other Americans hung on every word of Trump and that Trump had used "Trump Talk" and propaganda to create the storming of the Capital. He also claimed that while Angeli was in police custody he was going through a process not unlike being deprogrammed from a cult.[45]
A news report from February 2021 reported that at least twenty-nine of the arrested individuals have raised claims that they believed they were free to enter the Capitol during the riot, as law enforcement officers did not attempt to stop them from entering and never told them they were not allowed to enter the building.[46]
Notable arrests and charges
![]() | This article needs to be updated.(February 2021) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sherwin_Jan_12_Capitol_Press_Conference.png/220px-Sherwin_Jan_12_Capitol_Press_Conference.png)
By February 1, 228 people from 39 states and DC had been charged with federal and/or DC offences.[47] By April 23, 439 people had been charged.[48]
January 6
A 70-year-old resident of Falkville, Alabama,[49] who allegedly parked a pickup truck two blocks from the Capitol containing eleven homemade incendiary devices (described as "Mason jars filled with homemade napalm" intended to "stick to the target and continue to burn" in court filings),[50] an AR-15 style rifle, a shotgun, two pistols, a crossbow, a stun gun, and camo smoke canisters, was arrested and charged under a 17-count indictment.[51][52][53] Court documents said that upon being stopped by police, the man "asked officers whether they had located the bombs", and prosecutors also "suggest[ed] an intent to provide [weapons] to others".[51] Authorities also found handwritten notes listing "purported contact information" for Ted Cruz (R), Fox News host Sean Hannity, and radio host Mark Levin, as well as a list of "bad guys" including Seventh Circuit judge David Hamilton and Rep. André Carson (D-IN), who was referred to as "one of two Muslims in the House".[53]
January 7
The leader of a Proud Boys group in Hawaii was taken into custody.[54]
A man from Colorado was arrested,[49] with prosecutors alleging that he brought a compact Tavor X95 rifle, two handguns, a "vial of injectable testosterone", and about 320 rounds of armor-piercing ammunition. He allegedly texted acquaintances that he was "gonna run that cunt Pelosi over while she chews on her gums" or "[put] a bullet in her noggin on [l]ive TV", that he "may wander over to [D.C. mayor Muriel Bowser]'s office and put a 5.56 in her skull",[55] and that he "predict[s] that within 12 days, many in our country will die", as well as later texting a photo of himself in blackface.[50][52] He had previously protested outside of Georgia governor Brian Kemp's home.[50]
January 8
A 60-year-old man from Gravette, Arkansas,[49] who was photographed with his feet on House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's desk during the storming of the Capitol, was arrested on federal charges of entering and remaining on restricted grounds, violent entry, and theft of public property.[56][57][58][59] He was extradited to DC to face trial and jailed by federal judge Beryl Howell on January 28.[37][60][61][62]
A 36-year-old man from Parrish, Florida,[49] who was photographed carrying a lectern from Nancy Pelosi's office, was arrested[63][64][65] and charged with entering a restricted building, stealing government property, and violent entry and disorderly conduct on Capitol grounds. The Miami Herald reported he had posted on social media comments that "disparaged the Black Lives Matter movement" and police "who defend First Amendment protected rights".[66]
A 34-year-old man from Boise, Idaho, photographed hanging from the Senate balcony during the rampage, was listed as a person of interest by the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia;[67][68][69] he deleted his social media accounts following the riots, and issued an apology.[67]
January 9
Jake Angeli,[49] also known as the "QAnon Shaman" and pictured in many widely shared photos shirtless, wearing facepaint and a horned fur headdress, and carrying a spear, was arrested and charged with one count of entering a restricted building and one count of violent entry and disorderly conduct.[37] Angeli's lawyer claimed that Angeli believed himself to have acted "at the invitation of our president", since Trump had said at the rally he would accompany protesters to the Capitol (though he ultimately did not), and that Trump therefore ought to pardon Angeli directly.[70] In a January 14 court filing, federal prosecutors sought to keep Angeli in detention, alleging that his participation in the riot was part of a failed plot "to capture and assassinate elected officials".[71]
Another man seen in video aggressively leading a mob up the stairs to the second floor of the Capitol was arrested by the FBI.[37]
January 10
Two men seen carrying plastic handcuffs as they moved through the Capitol were arrested. The first man, a 53-year-old retired Air Force lieutenant colonel from Grapevine, Texas,[49] was wearing a tactical vest and a green combat helmet, and had previously identified himself to The New Yorker and claimed he "found the zip-tie handcuffs on the floor". He was charged with one count of entering a restricted building and one count of violent entry and disorderly conduct. The second man, aged 30,[49] was pictured in a black cap and holding a fistful of zip ties as he jumped over a railing in the Senate gallery. He attended the riot with his mother. He told the Sunday Times the Capitol storming "was a kind of flexing of muscles" and that "the point of getting inside the building is to show them that we can, and we will." He was arrested in Tennessee and charged with the same crimes.[72]
A man who was arrested on January 6 and charged with "entering the United States Capitol Grounds against the will of the United States Capitol Police" committed suicide at his home in Alpharetta, Georgia.[73]
January 12
The 34-year-old son of a Kings County Supreme Court judge was arrested in Brooklyn; he had been seen carrying a Capitol Police riot shield and also told the New York Post "the election was stolen".[74]
A retired Navy SEAL and the director of firearms training business ATG Worldwide, who posted a Facebook video on January 6 in which he described "breaching the Capitol", was questioned by the FBI. On January 12, the ATG Facebook page shared a video message from the man in which he described having participated in a "caravan" to the Capitol on January 6 because he was "angry at the direction of our country".[75] He has expressed regret for his participation and said he is cooperating with the FBI.[76]
January 13
A 56-year-old man was arrested in Newport News, Virginia, and charged with unlawful entry and disrupting government business.[55][77] He had been photographed in a sweatshirt with the anti-Semitic words "Camp Auschwitz", a "death's head" insignia, and the slogan Arbeit macht frei.[78] He has been described as a long-time extremist who wore the sweatshirt regularly.[79] Footage of him caused worldwide outrage,[80][81] as the shirt he was wearing was the most overt sign of antisemitism seen inside the Capitol during the riot.[82][83] The International Auschwitz Committee, and survivors of the Auschwitz concentration camp around the world, welcomed the arrest; Christoph Heubner, the committee's executive director, said that in recent days the man had become the symbol of a political subculture "that glorifies Auschwitz ever more openly and aggressively and propagates the repetition of Auschwitz".[82][84]
Two police officers belonging to Virginia's Rocky Mount Police Department allegedly attended the riot off-duty and posted a picture of themselves inside the Capitol on social media, writing they were "willing to actually put skin in the game and stand up for their rights".[55] They were charged with disorderly conduct and entering a restricted space.
January 14
A man from Laurel, Delaware who was photographed carrying the Confederate battle flag through the Ohio Clock corridor and past a portrait of abolitionist Charles Sumner was arrested along with his son. The FBI had previously included him in a public list of wanted people.[37][85]
John Earle Sullivan, the founder of anti-police brutality and pro-racial justice group Insurgence USA, was arrested briefly before being released. He was charged over the content in his videos where he appears to encourage the rioters and excitedly celebrating them advancing through the Capitol. He had previously claimed he was there to document the actions of the protestors, saying he was only pretending to be a participant to blend in. Right-wingers like Rudy Giuliani and Mo Brooks seized upon his arrest to amplify claims about the involvement of the left in the riot. Despite being called a Black Lives Matter activist and left-wing activist, Black Lives Matter-Utah has denied he is a member, and some left-wing activists have treated him with suspicion in the past due to him stirring trouble and his brother being a pro-Trump activist.[86][87] The arrest document stated he had made a statement outside the Capitol about "burning this shit down" and "ripping Trump out of office" during a speech he made in August 2020 while pointing to the White House.[88][89]
Klete Keller, a former Olympic gold medalist swimmer, turned himself in to officials. He was charged with obstructing law enforcement engaged in official duties incident to civil disorder, knowingly entering or remaining in any restricted building or grounds without lawful authority, and violent entry and disorderly conduct on Capitol grounds. He was identified by his height, 6 ft 6 in (198 cm), and by wearing an official US Olympic team jacket without obscuring his face.[90][91]
January 15
Far-right activist Tim "Baked Alaska" Gionet was arrested by the FBI in Houston, Texas. He is facing charges of violent and disorderly conduct on the Capitol grounds and knowingly entering a restricted building without lawful authority.[92][93]
A 43-year-old man from Rochester, New York was charged with illegally entering a restricted building, obstruction of an official proceeding and destruction of government property. A widely circulated video appears to show him using a riot shield to break one of the windows in the Capitol. After the event, he allegedly said he "would have killed anyone they got their hands on, including Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi and Vice President Michael Pence".[94] He had previously been seen at Proud Boys protests and is an ex-marine.[95]
January 16
A 42-year-old man from Coxs Creek, Kentucky, accused of breaking the window Ashli Babbit had tried climbing through before being shot, was arrested in Louisville charged with assaulting a federal officer, destroying government property worth over $1000, unlawfully entering a restricted building, violent entry and disorderly conduct.[96] Per the affidavit, he is seen in a video wearing a gray sock cap and a jacket with a red hood, striking at the window with a wooden flagpole.[97] A relative identified him to the FBI, saying he had gone to a Trump rally in Washington, D.C. in the past too and learnt of his plans for travel through Facebook. The affidavit also states the man admitted to a friend on January 7 that he had broken a window.[98]
January 17
Jon Schaffer, co-founder and guitarist of the heavy metal band Iced Earth, surrendered to the FBI in Indianapolis, Indiana. Schaffer is facing six charges related to the Capitol storming and is accused being engaged in acts of physical violence in the building and of being part of a group who sprayed bear repellent on Capitol Police officers.[99][100] In the days following January 6, Schaffer was identified by music websites as possibly having been inside the building.[101] The other members of Iced Earth issued a statement on January 10 denouncing the storming of the Capitol.[102] Following Schaffer's arrest, Century Media Records removed both Iced Earth and Schaffer's side-project band Demons & Wizards from the roster section of their website and removed both groups' merchandise from their online store, but no official announcement was made that the bands had been dropped from the record label.[103]
January 18
A 22-year-old woman from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania[104][105] was accused of stealing a laptop from Nancy Pelosi's office, with the intent of selling its contents to the Foreign Intelligence Service of Russia, the country's main spy agency. According to her former partner, the deal did not happen for unnamed reasons, and she may still have the laptop. She has been charged with illegally entering the Capitol and disorderly conduct, but not theft.[106] The FBI is investigating the claims. Pelosi's chief of staff, Drew Hammill, tweeted that "a laptop that was only used for presentations" was taken from a conference room during the Capitol siege.[107] The woman fled her home, telling her mother "she would be gone for a couple of weeks", changed her telephone number, and removed all her social media accounts.[108] On January 18, she surrendered to authorities in Pennsylvania, facing two misdemeanor charges.[109] In an affidavit updated January 19, she was additionally charged with two felonies. On January 21, she was released from custody to live with her mother while awaiting trial.[110]
January 19
Three alleged members of Oath Keepers were indicted for conspiracy for planning their activities. Eight to ten members of the group entered the Capitol wearing paramilitary gear and moving "in an organized and practiced fashion", according to the indictment. The group communicated with portable devices, with one member allegedly receiving a Facebook message reading "All members are in the tunnels under capital seal them in. Turn on gas." That same person allegedly received directions in navigating the Capitol, including "Tom all legislators are down in the Tunnels 3floors down" and "Go through back house chamber doors facing N left down hallway down steps." One alleged participant radioed to others, "We have a good group. We have about 30–40 of us. We are sticking together and sticking to the plan."[111][112][113]
January 24
In a court filing, federal prosecutors asserted that evidence showed a Nashville man engaged in "obstructing Congress, interstate travel in furtherance of rioting activity, sedition and other offenses". The man had been photographed in the Senate gallery with white plastic handcuffs and a Taser. Federal judge Beryl Howell reversed a previous lower court decision that granted conditional release and ordered him to be transferred to Washington for further hearings.[114]
January 25
Brandon Straka, a 45-year-old man who was the founder of the WalkAway campaign, was arrested in Omaha, Nebraska by the FBI and faces three charges in connection with the Capitol storming.[115] The FBI was sent multiple screenshots from his Twitter account, which both endorsed the storming and described his involvement with it, including a video in which he encouraged other rioters to take a shield from a police officer.[115]
January 29
Two members of Proud Boys were indicted on federal conspiracy and other charges.[116][117] Additionally, the FBI arrested two women in Pennsylvania. One of the women, Dawn Bancroft, made threats to shoot House Speaker Pelosi.[118]
February 25
Actor Luke Coffee, who had appeared on such TV series as Friday Night Lights and Las Vegas,[119] was taken into custody in Dallas[120] on charges that include allegedly assaulting police officers with a crutch.[121] The delay in his apprehension was due to him hiding out for six weeks at a luxury resort in the Texas Hill Country whose owner was sympathetic to the rioters and described them on social media as being victims of a media smear campaign.[122]
March 5
A former U.S. State Department official, who had been appointed during the Trump administration, was arrested and charged in federal court with six counts of assault, unlawfully entering the Capitol grounds, and obstruction of law enforcement and Congress. This made him the first known Trump administration official to be tried in relation to the events of January 6. According to his arrest affidavit, the suspect allegedly fought a line of police officers and used a police-issued riot shield to wedge an entrance open for other rioters.[123]
March 6
A 36-year-old member of Oath Keepers from Hackettstown, New Jersey who acted as a bodyguard to Roger Stone the morning of the insurrection was charged with Obstruction of Congress and Unlawful Entry and arrested by the FBI.[124] A 32-year-old Montana man who traveled to and was deported from Kenya after the insurrection was arrested for shoving a metal barricade into multiple police officers at the capitol.[125]
March 14
Two men were arrested and charged with nine counts including assault with a deadly weapon against a D.C. Metropolitan Police officer and two U.S. Capitol Police officers, including Brian Sicknick.[126] Court records show that the men, who had grown up together in New Jersey[127] allegedly worked together to spray the officers with a toxic chemical that temporarily blinded them.[128]
March 19
A 31-year-old man from Moorhead, Minnesota, was arrested by FBI special agents on criminal charges relating to acts at the U.S. Capitol Building on January 6, 2021.[129] FBI agents had received a tip from people who had viewed the man's entries on the Facebook website, which had photos, statements, and videos of him in Washington, D.C., on January 6 and inside the Capitol Rotunda during the riots.[130]
March 26
A 35-year-old man was taken into custody without incident at his home in Carrollton, Texas, becoming the 20th person arrested by the FBI's Dallas field office in connection with the incident at the Capitol.[131] Court documents show the man, wearing a "Make America Great Again" hat, was seen on video handling riot gear that had been stolen from police and verbally instructing others to continue dispersing them.[132] He is also accused of lighting and throwing a firecracker at police.[133]
April 8
A 39-year-old woman from Rochester, Minnesota, made her first federal court appearance for charges related to her participation in the events on January 6, 2021, at the U.S. Capitol Building. According to the arrest warrant, the woman entered the Capitol building, participated in disorderly conduct, knowingly remained inside building without permission, and impeded law enforcement duties. The woman was the second person from the U.S. state of Minnesota to be charged in connection to the incident. Investigators cited surveillance video evidence of her and posts she had made on Facebook about her participation.[134]
April 9
A 26-year-old man from Lindstrom, Minnesota, was taken into federal custody on "charges relating to criminal acts at the U.S. Capitol," becoming the third person from the U.S. state of Minnesota to be charged in connection to events of January 6, 2021. He faced several charges for disorderly content and for entering a restricted building. Authorities were able to identify the man after receiving an anonymous tip about videos he posted of himself inside the Capitol to social media websites TikTok, Snapchat, and Twitter.[135]
April 21
A husband and wife from Forestburg, Texas were arrested by the Dallas office of the FBI on charges that include the assault of multiple police officers during the January 6 riot.[136] Body camera footage from the police show that the couple were both wearing Trump campaign hats[137] and the FBI report stated that the husband posted a message to Facebook the day of the incident that referenced the rioters "taking back our house" and concluded with the refrain of "Make America Great Again"[138]
Other investigations
Crowdsourced investigations
Wired magazine has reported that numerous crowdsourced open-source intelligence efforts at tracking participants in the storming were underway, including an investigation by the investigative journalism network Bellingcat and the open source intelligence database Intelligence X.[139][140] According to Gizmodo, almost the entire contents of the Alt-tech social media site Parler have been archived online, including large numbers of photos and video with GPS metadata, and that analysis of the GPS coordinates suggested that numerous Parler users had been involved in the storming of the Capitol.[141]
Congressional investigations
Representative Tim Ryan (D-Ohio) said an investigation is underway looking at "potentially members of Congress" who gave tours to pro-Trump rioters prior to the insurrection last week on the U.S. Capitol. Rep. Mikie Sherrill (D-NJ) claimed during a Facebook Live broadcast Tuesday evening that some Republicans in Congress had given groups a "reconnaissance" tour of the Capitol ahead of the insurrection. Sherrill's allegations came the same night that Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) addressed constituents on an Instagram Live video expressing her fear that some of her Republican colleagues would have disclosed her location during the insurrection on Jan. 6.[142]
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi touched upon the investigations in a speech on January 15, saying that "if, in fact, it is found that members of Congress were accomplices to this insurrection, if they aided and abetted the crime, there may have to be actions taken beyond the Congress in terms of prosecution for that."[143]
Department of Defense investigation
In a letter to acting U.S. Defense Secretary Christopher C. Miller on January 11, Senator Tammy Duckworth (D-IL) asked the Department of Defense to investigate the role of active or retired members of the U.S. military in the attack and for any people identified to be held accountable.[144] Representatives Ruben Gallego (D-AZ) and Sara Jacobs (D-CA) also called on Miller to work alongside federal authorities to identify members of the military involved in the riot.[144]
After the Capitol siege, the Defense Department intensified efforts to root out far-right extremism among military personnel.[145] In 2020, the FBI notified the Defense Department that it had initiated criminal investigations involving 68 military personnel (many retired or discharged) associated with domestic extremism.[145] The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, enacted by Congress shortly before the attack on the Capitol, directed the Defense Department to create a deputy inspector general for diversity and inclusion and supremacist, extremism and criminal gang activity (within the DOD office of inspector general) and to keep track of gang and extremist activity in the military.[145] Miller directed a strengthening of military policy against service personnel participating in extremist or hate groups,[145][146] an issue to be addressed as part of a wider Defense Department report due on March 31, with a plan of action due on June 30.[146]
New York State Bar Association investigation
On January 11, the New York State Bar Association (NYSBA) announced that it has launched an inquiry into Giuliani for his role in the uprising, which could subject him to expulsion from the association and recommendation for disbarment if he is held liable.[147][148] Giuliani had addressed the crowd before it marched towards the Capitol, saying evidence that the election had been stolen was plentiful and proposing "trial by combat".[149]
Investigations by workplaces of people involved
Multiple people involved in the riot have been investigated by their workplaces, with some being fired for their participation, as some businesses were identified by social media users who called for negative reviews and comments to be posted or the establishments to be boycotted.
Most businesses who have done so are private businesses, as those who work for the government and unionized workers hold more protections from firing.[150][151] The earliest report of participants being fired was a Maryland man identified in several highly publicized pictures, wearing his work ID badge and fired from his position the next day.[152]
Following the riot, the police departments of Anne Arundel County, Maryland; New York City; Philadelphia; Rocky Mount, Virginia; San Antonio, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Troy, New Hampshire; and Zelienople, Pennsylvania; the Kentucky State Police; the SEPTA Transit Police; and the sheriff's departments of Charles County, Maryland, Bexar County, Texas and Franklin County, Kentucky, all investigated, reassigned or suspended officers for their involvement in the invasion of the Capitol or the preceding events.[153][154] Other law enforcement officers were investigated for making statements in support of the rally and riot.[154]
Investigations into alleged foreign involvement and payments
On December 8, 2020, a French national gave around $500,000 in bitcoin payments to alt-right figures and groups. About half of these funds went to Nick Fuentes, the leader of the online Groyper Army, who denied breaching the building. The day after the transfer, the Frenchman killed himself.[155] The FBI is investigating whether any of this money financed illegal acts.[156]
The FBI is also investigating whether foreign adversaries of the U.S. (governments, organizations or individuals) provided financial support to people who attacked the Capitol.[156]
Separately, a joint threat assessment issued by the FBI, DHS, and other agencies said that "Russian, Iranian, and Chinese influence actors have seized the opportunity to amplify narratives in furtherance of their policy interest amid the presidential transition" and that these governments, through state actors, state media, and their proxies, used the riots to promote violence and extremism in the United States, denigrate American democracy, and in some instance promote conspiratorial claims.[156]
January 6, 2021 Commission
Pelosi announced there will be a Commission on the events surrounding the attack on the Capitol. It will be structured similar to the 9/11 Commission, but will not be composed of members of Congress.[1]
Cultural influences
As of February 2021, the FBI and Justice Department were investigating the possible influences that prominent figures like Trump confidant Roger Stone and conspiracy theorist Alex Jones may have had on the rioters. However, it was not yet clear if Stone and Jones would be criminally charged.[157]
By the end of February, CNN was aware of "nearly a dozen" defendants who admitted that, to their knowledge, the other Capitol rioters were all Trump supporters and that the riot had not been (as Trump's lawyers and some congressional Republicans had attempted to claim) a left-wing "false-flag" performance to pin blame on Trump supporters.[158] On March 2, FBI Director Chris Wray testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee that there was no evidence that the rioters had been faking their support for Trump.[159]
On April 28, a 37-year-old man was convicted of making a death threat against elected officials. The threats were made on social media around the time of the Capitol riots. Although the man was not in Washington on January 6, federal prosecutors cited the Capitol riots as relevant context that made such threats more dangerous.[160][161]
Criticism of law enforcement agencies
Capitol Police
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Storming_capital_IMG_3519_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Storming_capital_IMG_3519_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Law enforcement's failure to prevent the mob from breaching the Capitol attracted scrutiny to the Capitol Police and other police agencies involved.[162][163][164] The Capitol Police, which has jurisdiction over an area of about two square miles, is one of the largest and best-funded police forces in the United States, with about two thousand officers, an annual budget of more than $460 million, access to a substantial arsenal, and extensive experience of responding to protests and high-profile events; it has more than tripled in size since 1996.[165] Prior to the storming of the Capitol, the barriers erected were low and most officers were in regular uniforms rather than riot gear, aimed at managing a protest rather than deterring an attack.[164] Policing experts criticized the Capitol Police's preparation and initial response, saying the agency had underestimated the potential threat from Trump supporters, unwisely allowed rioters to gather on the Capitol steps, and failed to immediately arrest the rioters, or otherwise respond to the disorder, after the forced entry.[164]
The Washington Post reported that the Capitol Police were caught off guard by an overwhelming crowd whose size more than doubled the FBI's prediction and the police lacked enough personnel to immediately detain all the intruders; the Post further noted that "some officers were captured on video appearing to stand back as rioters streamed inside."[164][166] Some of the shortfall in staffing was attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic, with officers who were quarantined after being infected with or exposed to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.[164] Police units were not asked by management to bring protective equipment (such as gas masks) that were issued to them, which left officers ill-prepared to fend off the rioters – among them, a "heavily trained group of militia terrorists" armed with bear spray and stun grenades and equipped with two-way radios and earpieces – and some having to resort to engaging in hand-to-hand combat to defend themselves.[167]
Representative Zoe Lofgren (D-CA), who chairs a committee responsible for Capitol security, said Capitol Police chief Steven Sund lied to her before the event about the preparations he had made and the readiness of the National Guard.[168] Representative Maxine Waters said she had raised concerns with Sund on December 31, and was assured by him that "he had it under control."[169] These statements were refuted by Sund in an eight-page letter he penned to Pelosi a few weeks later, stating "I did not at any time misrepresent any facts ... it was an accurate representation of our intelligence and threat assessment."[170]
Tim Ryan (D-OH), the chairman of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on the Legislative Branch (which has budgetary authority over the Capitol Police), announced that he would begin an inquiry into security lapses that allowed the violent mob to overrun the Capitol and breach the legislative chambers. Ryan indicated that he expected some officers in the Capitol Police to be fired, and cited a "lack of professional planning and dealing" and "strategic mistakes" ahead of "the insurrection and the attempted coup".[171] Representative Anthony G. Brown (D-MD) called for the establishment of a civilian oversight board for the Capitol Police.[172] On the January 7 edition of MSNBC's Morning Joe, host Joe Scarborough excoriated the Capitol Police response and accused some officers of enabling the rioters to successfully breach the building with little resistance.[173]
Politico reported some rioters briefly showing their police badges or military identification to law enforcement as they approached the Capitol, expecting therefore to be let inside; a Capitol Police officer told BuzzFeed News that one rioter told him "[w]e're doing this for you" as he flashed a badge.[174] Ed Davis, the former commissioner of the Boston Police Department, suggested Capitol Police leaders may have felt "that well, these are a bunch of conservatives, they're not going to do anything like [the ensuing riot, leading to] a lack of urgency or a sense that this could never happen with this crowd."[175]
In a February 2021 confidence vote organized by the U.S. Capitol Police Labor Committee, the union representing Capitol Police officers, 92 percent voted that they had no confidence in Acting Chief Yogananda Pittman.[176]
The first public hearing on the security failures was held before the Senate on February 23, 2021.[177]
Accusations of member involvement in riot
Footage emerged on social media of police allowing rioters through barricades into the Capitol, and one officer was filmed taking a "selfie" with a rioter inside the building.[178][179][180] Footage also showed two Capitol Police officers exchanging a handshake and an elbow bump with a rioter inside the Capitol.[181] Representative Jim Cooper (D-TN) was concerned that Capitol Police could have been complicit in the breach, saying "At worst, [Capitol Police] let this protest proceed unlike any other."[182] One participant in the riot said he and his friends had been given directions to the office of Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer by a Capitol Police officer.[183][172] Representative Pramila Jayapal (D-WA) said she believed the rioters were aided in planning, and guided once inside the Capitol, by Capitol Police officers.[172] Multiple European security officials, including two intelligence officials from NATO member countries, in interviews with Business Insider suggested the breach may have been abetted by "tacit support" of the attackers among members of Capitol Police and other federal agencies assisting with Capitol complex security.[184]
National Guard
In a letter to acting U.S. Defense Secretary Christopher C. Miller on January 11, Senators Chris Murphy (D-CT), Martin Heinrich (D-NM) and Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) described the speed with which the District of Columbia National Guard responded to the riot as "totally inadequate", said "serious questions must be answered regarding the ... readiness of our Armed Forces and federal agencies" to respond to similar events, and called on Miller to explain how the Department of Defense could ensure a "significantly faster" deployment in the event of future emergencies at the Capitol.[144]
Testifying before Congress in March 2021, commanding officer of the District of Columbia National Guard William Walker said his superiors did not grant him authorization to deploy forces for more than three hours after he had sought it upon the “frantic” request of Capitol Police chief Steven Sund. Walker testified that his superiors expressed concerns about the "optics" of a deployment, noting they had not expressed similar concerns about the quick and aggressive deployment during the George Floyd protests months earlier.[185]
Accusations of differential treatment
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/39a.SupremeCourt.WDC.6January2021_%2850811385013%29.jpg/220px-39a.SupremeCourt.WDC.6January2021_%2850811385013%29.jpg)
News outlets fact-checked[186] and described harsher tactics and differential treatment of racial injustice protests in D.C. during the prior summer by law enforcement compared to those used against the Capitol rioters, although admittedly with missing context.[187][188][189][190] According to CNN, police had arrested 61 people on the day of the storming; eclipsing all but one day of protests the previous summer, where 316 Black Lives Matter protesters were arrested on June 1, 2020.[191] Rioters who were arrested after the storming tended to be charged with less serious crimes than those arrested in racial injustice protests.[191][192]
The tone, vocabulary, and tactics used by Trump and the White House were highlighted by news outlets. Trump referred to racial injustice protesters as "thugs", "agitators", and "looters" and threatened violence,[193] but expressed his "love" for the Capitol rioters.[194] In 2020, Trump had encouraged states' governors to more aggressively target protesters and used violent rhetoric such as "when the looting starts, the shooting starts".[193] News outlets noted how the White House had used forceful tactics to clear protesters for Trump's photo op at St. John's Episcopal Church but did not employ similar tactics during the Capitol riot.[190][192][195] Similarly, Capitol Police responded aggressively to disabled protesters associated with ADAPT in 2017.[193] During 2020, Trump ordered tough federal law enforcement responses to racial injustice protesters in Washington DC.[186]
Multiple media outlets covered posts from users on social media which made claims that due to white privilege[193] and male privilege,[189] the police treated the protesters, who were mostly white men,[196][197][198][199] with more leniency than they would people of color,[200] with many citing a moment when a police officer took a selfie with a protester.[201]
Many news outlets, including CNN,[202] USA Today,[203] The Guardian,[190] The Washington Post,[204] and CBS News,[205] criticized the police response to the storming of the Capitol in contrast to the police response to the Black Lives Matter protests in the previous year. In June 2020, during Black Lives Matter demonstrations, 5,000 National Guard members guarded the White House;[190] however, in an attempt to avoid inflaming tensions since those protests, Mayor Muriel Bowser opted not to call National Guard members from other states for the January 6 demonstrations, causing the law enforcement presence to be "relatively small" and "not prepared for rioters".[206][207]
Politicians and officials commented on the differential treatment as well. Joe Biden said, "No one can tell me that if it had been a group of Black Lives Matter protesting yesterday, there wouldn't have been – they would have been treated very, very differently than the mob of thugs that stormed the Capitol."[195] Representative Tim Ryan, former First Lady Michelle Obama, and D.C. Attorney General Karl Racine all noted the differential treatment.[195][171] Representative Bennie Thompson (D-MS), the chair of the House Committee on Homeland Security, said "if the 'protesters' were Black they would have been shot with rubber bullets, tear gassed, and killed."[172] Citing disparities in the use of force when compared to recent Black Lives Matter protests, first-year Representative Jamaal Bowman (D-NY) proposed legislation to investigate whether members of the Capitol Police have ties to white supremacist groups.[208]
Investigations
On January 8, the Senate Rules and Administration Committee and Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee launched a joint investigation into the Capitol Police's security failures.[209] The law enforcement failures that allowed the storming of the Capitol led the U.S. Secret Service to initiate a review of its security plans for the inauguration of Joe Biden on January 20, 2021.[164]
On January 11, Representative Ryan disclosed that two Capitol police officers had been suspended and at least ten were under investigation following the events of the riot.[210] In February 2021, the number was updated to thirty-five officers who were under investigation; six officers who were suspended with pay, and twenty-nine who were still working.[211]
Resignations
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Deputy_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security_Ken_Cuccinelli_Tours_the_U.S._Capitol_%2850810026453%29.jpg/220px-Deputy_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security_Ken_Cuccinelli_Tours_the_U.S._Capitol_%2850810026453%29.jpg)
The day after the attack, Pelosi called upon Capitol Police chief Steven Sund to resign, citing a failure of leadership, and said she had been unable to reach Sund since the attack.[212] Although Sund felt the decision was uninformed and premature, he submitted his resignation that afternoon, which was effective on January 16, 2021. An aide to speaker Pelosi later clarified that Pelosi had indeed spoken with Sund on the evening of January 6, but not after that time.[213] That day, Sund wrote to the Capitol Police Board saying he would resign effective January 16,[214][168][215] but the next day, January 8, Sund resigned with immediate effect.[215] Yogananda D. Pittman became acting chief.[216]
Also on the day after the attack, Paul D. Irving announced his resignation as Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives. Chuck Schumer said he would fire Michael C. Stenger, Sergeant-at-Arms of the Senate, upon becoming majority leader later in January.[168] Shortly thereafter, outgoing Majority Leader Mitch McConnell asked for and received Stenger's resignation, effective immediately.[168]
Trump administration resignations
After the Capitol storming, dozens of Republicans and staffers loyal to or appointed by President Trump resigned in disgust, even though their terms in office would expire fourteen days later with the inauguration of President Biden. Some senior officials, however, decided against resigning in order to ensure an "orderly transition of power" to the incoming Biden administration, out of concern that Trump would replace them with loyalist lower-level staffers who they feared could carry out illegal orders given by him.[217] For a complete list of resigantions and firings in the Trump Administration, see List of Trump administration dismissals and resignations.
- Rob Jentgens (R) Chief Financial Officer of the National Republican Congressional Committee, abruptly resigned his position the day after the rallies when House Republican Leader Kevin McCarthy and most of the GOP voted not to certify the 2020 election results.[218]
- Matthew Pottinger, the Deputy National Security Advisor (United States)[219]
- Stephanie Grisham, the chief of staff for First Lady Melania Trump
- Sarah Matthews, the White House Deputy Press Secretary
- Anna Cristina Niceta Lloyd "Rickie", White House Social Secretary resigned in protest on the day of the storming of the Capitol.[220][221][222]
- Robert C. O'Brien, National Security Advisor (United States)
- Chris Liddell, White House Deputy Chief of Staff[223]
- Elaine Chao, United States Secretary of Transportation became the first cabinet member to announce her resignation, effective January 11.[224]
- Betsy DeVos, United States Secretary of Education also cited the Capitol Hill incident.[225] US Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) criticized DeVos and Chao for resigning rather than voting to invoke the 25th Amendment to remove Trump from office.[226]
- Elinore F. McCance-Katz ( ) Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Resources (HUD)
- Mick Mulvaney, Trump's former chief of staff and the administration's special envoy to Northern Ireland. Upon his exit, Mulvaney said, "I can't do it. I can't stay ... Those who choose to stay, and I have talked with some of them, are choosing to stay because they're worried the President might put someone worse in." He also said Trump "wasn't the same as he was eight months ago".[227]
- Eric Dreiband, Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division[227][228]
- Chad Wolf Acting United States Secretary of Homeland Security resigned on January 11, saying it was "warranted by recent events, including" recent court decisions ruling that Wolf's appointment had violated the Federal Vacancies Reform Act of 1998.[229]
- Alex Azar, United States Secretary of Health and Human Services announced his resignation January 15, saying it was due to the Capitol riots and stressing the need for a peaceful transfer of power. However, this resignation would only become effective starting January 20, the day President-elect Biden would be sworn in as president.[230]
- Jason Schmid, Senior GOP aide on the House Armed Services Committee[231]
- Eric S. Dreiband (R) Assistant Attorney General
- Tyler B. Goodspeed (R) Acting Chairman of the White House Counsel of Economic Advisors
- John Costello ( ) Deputy Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Security in the Commerce Department
Five senior officials at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) resigned in protest.[232]
- Arjun Garg ( ) Acting Deputy Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administrator,
- Brianna Manzelli, assistant administrator for communications;
- Kirk Shaffer, associate administrator for airports;
- Bailey Edwards, assistant administrator for policy, international affairs and environment
- Andrew Giacini, governmental affairs adviser, performing the duties of the assistant administrator for government and industry affairs
Three members of the National Security council resigned prematurely.
- Robert C. O'Brien (R) Deputy National Security Adviser[233]
- Matthew Pottinger (R) Deputy Adviser to the National Security Council[234]
- Ryan Tully ( ) Senior Director on Russian an European Affairs for the National Security Council[235]
Proposals to remove Trump via constitutional processes
Calls for resignation, invocation of 25th Amendment, or removal from office
Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi both called upon Vice President Pence to invoke the 25th Amendment.[237][238] Pelosi said Trump "incited an armed insurrection against America" and instigated "the gleeful desecration of the U.S. Capitol [and] violence targeting Congress".[239] The never-before-invoked provision of the 25th Amendment allows the vice president, with a majority of Cabinet secretaries, to declare Trump "unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office" by written declaration.[240][241]
After the storming of the Capitol, the vast majority of House Democrats (208 Representatives), as well as 38 Democratic Senators, called for the invocation of the 25th Amendment or Trump's impeachment and removal from office in inciting the riot.[242][a] A single House Republican, Representative Adam Kinzinger (IL), also called for Trump's removal.[242] Among Senate Republicans, only three expressed support for Trump's resigning or being removed from office: Lisa Murkowski (AK), Ben Sasse (NE) and Pat Toomey (PA).[b] President-elect Biden did not take a position on a prospective fast-track impeachment of Trump, saying the matter is for Congress to decide.[247]
Among Democratic governors, calls for Trump to step down or be removed from office were made by J. B. Pritzker (IL),[248][249] Andrew Cuomo (NY),[250] Roy Cooper (NC),[251] and Jay Inslee (WA).[252] Three Republican governors who have been critical of Trump – Phil Scott (VT), Charlie Baker (MA), and Larry Hogan (MD) – also called upon Trump to resign or be removed from office.[253] Conversely, two other Republican governors expressed opposition to Trump's removal: Henry McMaster (SC), who is closely allied with Trump,[254] and Mike DeWine (OH), who opposed invocation of the 25th Amendment, saying that he believed it "would cause more division than healing" and because there were less than two weeks remaining in Trump's term.[255]
Yoni Appelbaum of The Atlantic called for the impeachment of Trump a second time.[256] Several conservative commentators, including Rod Dreher, Daniel Larison, and John Podhoretz, expressed their support for the impeachment and removal of Trump.[257][258][259] The conservative editorial board of The Wall Street Journal wrote that Trump's behavior in the incident "crosses a constitutional line that Mr. Trump hasn't previously crossed. It is impeachable [and that the] best outcome would be for him to resign."[260] Calling the armed storming of the Capitol an "act of sedition", The Washington Post's editorial board wrote that Trump's "continued tenure in office poses a grave threat to U.S. democracy" as well as to public order and national security, and called for Pence to immediately begin the 25th Amendment process to declare Trump "unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office" so that Pence could serve until Biden's inauguration on January 20.[261]
The National Association of Manufacturers also requested Pence to "seriously consider" invoking the 25th Amendment.[262] On the evening of January 6, some Cabinet members held preliminary discussions about the possibility of invoking the 25th Amendment to declare Trump "unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office" and thus transfer his powers and duties to Pence as acting president.[263][264][265]
Impeachment
On January 11, House Representatives David Cicilline (D-RI), Jamie Raskin (D-MD), and Ted Lieu (D-CA) introduced a four-page article of impeachment against Trump on a charge of incitement of insurrection. The article states that Trump "demonstrated that he will remain a threat to national security, democracy and the Constitution if allowed to remain in office, and has acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law"; "gravely endangered the security of the United States and its institutions of government"; "inciting violence against the government of the United States"; "threatened the integrity of the democratic system, interfered with the peaceful transition of power, and imperiled a coequal branch of government"; and "thereby betrayed his trust as president, to the manifest injury of the people of the United States".[266] The article cites Trump's role in inciting the Capitol riot as well as "his prior efforts to subvert and obstruct the certification of the results of the 2020 Presidential election" including the efforts to pressure Georgia Governor Brian Kemp, Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, and other state officials and lawmakers. As permitted by the Constitution, the article also seeks to permanently disqualify Trump (who is reportedly considering running in 2024) from holding any federal office.[266]
On January 12, the House passed, on a 223–205 vote, a resolution formally calling upon Vice President Pence to invoke Section 4 of the 25th Amendment, declaring Trump "incapable of executing the duties of his office" and immediately assuming powers as acting president until Biden is sworn into office on January 20. The resolution passed on a mostly party-line vote, with all Democrats voting yes and all Republicans (except for Adam Kinzinger of Illinois) voting no. The resolution stated that unless Pence responded within 24 hours, the House would proceed with impeachment proceedings against Trump. Ahead of the January 12 vote, Pence sent a letter to Speaker Pelosi saying he would not invoke the 25th Amendment. Pence's refusal ensured an impeachment vote would take place.[267][268]
Trump was impeached for the second time by the House of Representatives on January 13, 2021, for incitement of insurrection, on a vote of 232–197, becoming the only U.S. president or other federal official to be impeached twice.[269] All 222 Democrats, as well as 10 Republicans, voted to impeach; 197 Republicans voted against impeachment.[270] On February 13, 2021, Trump was acquitted 57-43 by the Senate.[271] Seven Republicans joined all fifty Democrats in voting to convict Trump, but ultimately it fell ten votes short.[272]
Potential spread of COVID-19
Public health experts have said the storming of the Capitol was a potential COVID-19 superspreader event.[273] Activist Tim "Baked Alaska" Gionet participated in the riot despite a recent positive diagnosis,[274] and few members of the crowd wore face coverings, with many coming from out of town.[273] Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and lead member of the White House Coronavirus Task Force, said that the rioters' failure to "adhere to the fundamentals of public health" to prevent the spread of COVID-19 – such as "universal wearing of masks, keeping physical distance, [and] avoiding crowds in congregate settings" – placed them at risk.[275] The day after the event, Eric Toner, a senior scholar from the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, said the storming of the Capitol was "extraordinarily dangerous" from a public-health perspective.[273]
As many as two hundred congressional staffers reportedly sheltered in various rooms inside the Capitol, further increasing the risk of transmission.[273][276] Brian P. Monahan, the attending physician of Congress, reported that members of Congress who were in protective isolation during the attack, some for several hours, may have been exposed to others with COVID-19; Monahan advised members to take protective measures, monitor for symptoms, and take a precautionary RT-PCR test.[277][278]
A video of members of Congress sheltering in place shows a group of maskless Republicans, including Andy Biggs, Scott Perry, Michael Cloud (R-TX) and Markwayne Mullin (R-OK), refusing masks offered by Representative Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE); Blunt Rochester later wrote that she was "disappointed in my colleagues who refused to wear a mask [but] encouraged by those who did".[277] On January 12, a bill was introduced in the House to impose a $500 fine the first day members refuse to wear a mask on the floor and a $2,500 fine for the second time. The money would be deducted from the offending members and staffers pay.[279]
Representative Jacob LaTurner (R-KS) tested positive after the lockdown was lifted, and, as a result, was absent from the House floor when the Electoral College certification resumed. Starting January 11, four members of Congress, Representatives Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-NJ), Pramila Jayapal (D-WA), Brad Schneider (D-IL), and Adriano Espaillat (D-NY)[280] tested positive after being exposed to maskless members of Congress during the lockdown. All had gone into isolation while awaiting testing results. Jayapal condemned Republican colleagues who, while sheltering in place during the riots, "not only cruelly refused to wear a mask but mocked colleagues and staff who offered them one".[281][282] After sheltering in the same room on January 6, Conan Harris, husband of Representative Ayanna Pressley, tested positive on the night of January 12, putting both Harris and Presley into quarantine.[283]
More than two weeks after the storming, 38 Capitol Police officers tested positive for the virus. However, it was unclear how many of them were on duty during the event or when they contracted it.[284] On January 25, the commander of the District of Columbia National Guard, Major General William Walker, said that nearly two hundred troops deployed to the nation's capital had tested positive for COVID-19. The number of cases had risen by nearly five times from the 45 cases reported on January 15.[285]
Crackdowns on extremist content and Trump connections
The role of social media in the storming of the Capitol created pressure for platforms to strengthen enforcement of moderation policies prohibiting extremist content to prevent further violence. The response of social media platforms renewed accusations by some conservatives that their policies and enforcement promote an implicit ideological bias by limiting the expression of conservative political and social viewpoints even through controversial or false statements. The First Amendment, however, restricts only government-sanctioned limits on speech, and its protections do not apply to private entities and to obscene or defamatory speech.[286][287]
Corporate suspensions of Trump's social media, content, and connections
Shortly after Trump's January 6 video message was uploaded, the video was removed by Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube for violating site policies on "civil integrity" and election misinformation.[288] Facebook executive Guy Rosen said the video was removed because "it contributes to rather than diminishes the risk of ongoing violence."[289] That evening, Twitter locked Trump's account for twelve hours and threatened a permanent suspension for "repeated and severe violations of our Civic Integrity policy". Twitter also required him to remove three of his tweets.[290][291] Snapchat indefinitely suspended Trump's account on the platform the same day,[292] while Shopify terminated shops that sold Trump campaign paraphernalia and merchandise from his personal TrumpStore brand.[293]
The following day, Facebook and its platforms, including Instagram, announced they had banned Trump indefinitely, at least until the end of his presidential term. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wrote, "The shocking events of the last 24 hours clearly demonstrate that President Donald Trump intends to use his remaining time in office to undermine the peaceful and lawful transition of power to his elected successor."[294] On January 7, Twitch announced it had disabled Trump's channel on the platform.[295] TikTok announced it would restrict videos of the Capitol attack and Trump's January 6 address, other than those providing factual information, criticism or journalistic value.[296] Pinterest began limiting hashtags related to pro-Trump topics such as #StopTheSteal since around the November election.[297]
On January 8, Twitter permanently suspended Trump "due to the risk of further incitement of violence" from his tweets, writing that specific tweets by Trump that "are likely to inspire others to replicate the violent acts that took place on January 6, 2021, and that there are multiple indicators that they are being received and understood as encouragement to do so".[298] The company also noted that "Plans for future armed protests have already begun proliferating on and off-Twitter, including a proposed secondary attack on the US Capitol and state capitol buildings on January 17, 2021."[298] Twitter said it would not ban government accounts like @POTUS or @WhiteHouse, but would "take action to limit their use";[298] the company and that sock puppet accounts created for Trump in an attempt to evade the ban would be permanently suspended "at first detection".[299] Circumventing the ban, Trump blasted Twitter's decision in threads posted from the @POTUS account and @TeamTrump (his campaign account), accusing Twitter without evidence of "coordinat[ing] with the Democrats and the Radical Left in removing my account from their platform to silence me" and uploaded an image of Twitter's bird logo emblazoned with the Soviet flag. Twitter removed the @POTUS posts and suspended @TeamTrump for repeated violations of its block evasion policy.[299] Twitter also suspended Trump campaign digital director Gary Coby's account after he forwarded his account information to Trump's deputy chief of staff, Dan Scavino, in an attempt to transfer it for Trump's use.[299]
On January 10, the Professional Golfers' Association of America (PGA) exercised its contractual right to terminate its arrangement to host the 2022 PGA Championship at Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey, which had been awarded the tournament in 2014.[300] The PGA said it had "become clear that conducting the PGA Championship at Trump Bedminster would be detrimental to the PGA of America brand"; Trump had spent years trying to land a golf championship at one of his resorts.[301] The next day, the R&A followed suit, saying it would not hold any of its championships "in the foreseeable future" at Trump Turnberry in Scotland.[302] Also on January 10, Stripe announced it would stop processing online card payments to Trump's campaign for violating its terms of service against encouraging violence.[303] Other companies reportedly seeking to cut ties with Trump include Deutsche Bank and Signature Bank.[304]
On January 12, YouTube announced that it had temporarily banned Trump's channel for seven days, restricting it from uploading any new videos or live-streams. YouTube said the decision came after the president violated the platform's policies by posting content that incited violence. All the previous content on the channel was removed. YouTube also said the ban could be extended.[305]
Corporate suspensions of other accounts and programs
Twitter also banned accounts deemed to be "solely dedicated to sharing QAnon content", including those belonging to former national security adviser Michael Flynn and his son Michael Flynn Jr., attorneys Sidney Powell and L. Lin Wood (both of whom brought failed lawsuits challenging the election results), and former 8chan administrator Ron Watkins.[306][307] Twitter's ban of Trump and others was criticized by some Trump allies, as well as some foreign leaders.[c]
Also on January 8, Discord banned a pro-Trump server called "The Donald", which had ties to the banned subreddit r/The Donald. Discord cited the connection between the server and The Donald's online forum, which was used in planning the riot.[313] Parler removed several posts from Wood espousing conspiracy theories and violent rhetoric, including a call for Vice President Pence and others to be subjected to firing squads, for violating community rules on speech encouraging violence.[314] YouTube terminated two accounts belonging to former White House chief strategist Steve Bannon, including one hosting his "War Room" podcast, for repeated community guidelines violations pertaining to misinformation about widespread fraud or errors that affected the 2020 election's outcome.[315]
On January 12, Facebook and Twitter announced that they were removing content related to the "Stop the Steal" movement and suspending 70,000 QAnon-focused accounts, respectively.[316]
Airbnb cancelled all reservations in Washington, D.C. for the week of January 20 (refunding affected hosts out of its own money), and deactivated accounts of any users who it found belonged to hate groups and/or participated in the storming of the Capitol.[317][318]
The day of the storming of the Capitol, Cumulus Media, owner of several conservative talk radio programs through Westwood One, sent an internal memo directing its employees to stop questioning the outcome of the election on-air, on threat of being fired.[319]
Removal of services from Parler
Parler rose to prominence during the 2020 presidential campaign and found renewed attention after the riot. The site, which bills itself as a "free speech social network", has a significant user base of Donald Trump supporters, conservatives, conspiracy theorists, and right-wing extremists, including some who have been banned from Facebook and Twitter.[320][321][322][323] After Twitter permanently suspended Trump, there was a sharp one-day increase in the number of Parler downloads on the Apple App Store[324] and some prominent right-wing politicians advertised their Parler accounts.[325] Apple and Google removed the Parler app from their App Store and Google Play Store, respectively, citing usage of the site to plan and coordinate the insurrection, its hosting of posts inciting violence, and its failure to adopt more robust content moderation.[326][327][328] Amazon also terminated the cloud services that it had been providing to Parler through Amazon Web Services.[329] As a result, Parler's website and apps ceased to be operational at 11:59 p.m. (PST) on January 10.[330] Amazon said it had sent reports of 98 instances of posts that "clearly encourage and incite violence" to Parler in the weeks preceding the decision.[331] Parler's COO Jeffrey Wernick said that Parler would return in some form.[332]
Parler sued Amazon in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington, raising antitrust and breach of contract claims;[333] Judge Barbara Jacobs Rothstein denied Parler's request for a preliminary injunction that would force Amazon to restore service to Parler, writing that Parler had offered "dwindlingly slight" evidence in support of its antitrust claim and had "failed to allege basic facts" to support its complaint against Amazon.[334]
Revocation of Trump honorary degrees, contracts, and other connections
New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio in a video conference said that Trump committed a "criminal act" and as such the city would terminate all contracts with the Trump Organization and would not do any business with them any longer. Specifically, New York City would take steps to terminate contracts with the Trump Organization to operate the Central Park Carousel, the Wollman & Lasker skating rinks, as well as the Ferry Point Golf Course. De Blasio said the city was working to find new vendors to take over the facilities to continue to provide services to customers. De Blasio ended that Trump would "no longer profit" with his relationship with New York City.[335]
After the assault on the Capitol, Lehigh University and Wagner College revoked the honorary degrees they had conferred upon Trump in 1988 and 2004, respectively. The revocations of the honors left Liberty University as the only institution that gave an honorary degree to Trump.[336][337] The board of the SAG-AFTRA voted "overwhelmingly" that probable cause existed to expel Trump from the entertainment union, to which Trump had belonged since 1989. The guild cited Trump's role in the January 6 riot at the Capitol, and his "reckless campaign of misinformation aimed at discrediting and ultimately threatening the safety of journalists, many of whom are SAG-AFTRA members".[338] Trump later resigned from the union before the matter of his expulsion came before the union's disciplinary committee.[339]
Reactionary response
The New York Times reported in March 2021 that the incident had caused groups like Proud Boys, Oath Keepers and the Groyper Army to splinter amid disagreements on whether the storming had gone too far or was a success, and doubts about the leadership of their organizations, raising concerns of increasing numbers of lone wolf actors who would be more difficult to monitor and might take more extreme actions.[340]
Political donors
Several large companies[341] announced they were suspending all political donations, and others have suspended funding the lawmakers who had objected to certifying Electoral College results.[342]
Security measures
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Capitol_security_%282021%29.jpg/220px-Capitol_security_%282021%29.jpg)
Following the storming of the Capitol and increased incidents of harassment, members of Congress received additional security as they traveled through airports. Through Biden's inauguration, Capitol Police were to be stationed at D.C.-area airports (Reagan National, Baltimore-Washington, and Dulles)[343] and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was to increase its screening of DC-bound air passengers.[344]
Security was also put on high alert at the Capitol itself; a "non-scalable" security fence was placed around the Capitol and 6,200 members of the National Guard were expected to deploy to the national capital region by the weekend.[345] On a private call on January 11, Capitol Police spoke with House Democrats about the possibility of making members of Congress pass through metal detectors for Biden's inauguration. Following the call, a lawmaker told HuffPost that concern had been raised about "all these [Congress] members who were in league with the insurrectionists who love to carry their guns".[346] On January 12, acting House Sergeant-at-Arms Timothy Blodgett informed lawmakers that anyone entering the House chamber (including members of Congress) would have to pass through metal detectors.[279] Security screening remained in place after Biden's inauguration. The House passed a rule on February 2 that anyone who did not complete the screening would be fined $5,000 for a first offense and $10,000 from a second offense, to be deducted from their salaries;[347] within several days of the rule's passage, two Republican representatives were fined.[348]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Tuesday_afternoon%2C_12_January_2021_US_Capitol_-_West_IMG_0247_%2850836318568%29.jpg/220px-Tuesday_afternoon%2C_12_January_2021_US_Capitol_-_West_IMG_0247_%2850836318568%29.jpg)
A new security perimeter was created for the January 20 presidential inauguration, blocking off large portions of the city near Capitol Hill. The mayor announced parking facilities would be sealed off on January 15, and that delivery vehicles serving businesses in the security zone would be screened on entry.[317] The Washington Metro announced it would close 11–13 subway stations from January 15 to 21 and re-route buses around the security zone to discourage people from traveling to the area.[349] The night before the inauguration, 25,000 National Guard members arrived in Washington, D.C.,[350][351] and they were authorized to use lethal force.[352][353]
Inauguration week protests
In response to calls for further protests and violence in Washington, D.C., and states across the U.S., the FBI, Secret Service, and state law enforcement agencies began conducting threat assessments and tracking extremist rhetoric online.[354] CNN reported on January 11 that an internal FBI bulletin warned that "Armed protests are being planned at all fifty state capitols from 16 January through at least 20 January, and at the US Capitol from 17 January through 20 January," continuing, "an identified group calling for others to join them in 'storming' state, local and federal government courthouses and administrative buildings in the event POTUS is removed as President prior to Inauguration Day. This identified group is also planning to 'storm' government offices including in the District of Columbia and in every state, regardless of whether the states certified electoral votes for Biden or Trump, on 20 January."[355][356] In a January 11 briefing, Capitol Police informed House Democrats they were prepared for "tens of thousands of armed protesters" in the coming days, and that they were aware of and monitoring three separate plots: one in honor of killed rioter Ashli Babbitt, another promoted as the United States' "largest armed protest ever", and a third "would involve insurrectionists forming a perimeter around the Capitol, the White House[,] and the Supreme Court" before "blocking Democrats from entering the Capitol – perhaps even killing them – so that Republicans could take control of the government". On January 11, a House lawmaker told HuffPost that insurrectionist groups, now left without sites like Parler to use as recruitment platforms, sought media attention for their planned demonstrations or attacks "as a way to further disseminate information and to attract additional support for their attacks".[346]
Minor protests occurred during inauguration week, which featured the participation of far-right militia groups who follow right-libertarianism, neo-fascism, neo-Nazism, white supremacism, and other ultranationalist or right-wing ideologies as well as members of the New Black Panther Party, and the QAnon and boogaloo movements.[279][357] Multiple people were arrested in D.C. for threatening to commit violence during Biden's inauguration.
Concerns over March 4, 2021
Starting in late January, QAnon adherents began expressing their belief that Trump would be re-inaugurated as the 19th President on March 4, the original date for presidential inaugurations until the passage of the Twentieth Amendment in 1933.[358][359] This belief was adopted from a false aspect of sovereign citizen ideology that asserts there has not been a "legitimate" U.S. President since Ulysses S. Grant (whose first inauguration occurred on March 4, 1869) due to an 1871 law that supposedly turned the U.S. into a corporation.[359][360] In February, it was reported that National Guard troops were expected to remain in Washington, D.C., through March 12 due to concerns over possible activity by QAnon adherents on March 4.[361]
On March 2, it was reported that security measures were being added in Washington, D.C., in preparation for possible events on March 4.[360] Despite these reports, the Capitol Police had advised lawmakers earlier that week that there was no indication of any protests or acts of violence in Washington, D.C., being planned.[362] However, based on new intelligence that an identified but undisclosed militia group might attempt an attack on the Capitol building from that date to March 6, the agency issued an updated alert on March 3. House leadership subsequently rescheduled a March 4 vote to the previous night to allow lawmakers to leave town, though it later said the reschedule was not done out of security concerns. Meanwhile, the Senate did not follow suit, and it continued debating on the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 as planned.[362][363][364][365]
In addition to the Capitol Police advisory, the FBI and Department of Homeland Security issued a joint intelligence bulletin, featuring similar warnings of possible violence on March 4, to state and local law enforcement agencies across the U.S. on the previous day.[362][363] The Associated Press reported that federal agents were monitoring hotel rooms, flight, and rental car reservation increases, as well as bus charters, for that day. It also reported a decline in online activity on some social media platforms regarding March 4, similar to another decline of online chatter leading up to the events of January 6.[362]
Ultimately, March 4 passed without any serious incidents being reported. Afterwards, it was reported that the QAnon community had recently become skeptical of the March 4 theory. Prominent QAnon influencers did not treat the date with any significance unlike January 6, and some even dissuaded followers from participating in events scheduled on that date and accusing the news coverage about the date of being part of a false flag narrative designed to entrap them. Similar rhetoric had been observed prior to the January 6 riot and Biden's inauguration. According to Newsweek, some QAnon adherents rescheduled the purported date of Trump's re-inauguration to March 20, based on a misinterpretation of a 2019 act that "extends support provided by the General Services Administration to the president- and vice president-elect for up to sixty days after the inauguration"; it was also the 167th anniversary of the founding of the Republican Party.[366][367][368]
Anti-protest legislation
In the days following the attack on the Capitol, Republican politicians in at least three states introduced legislation creating new prohibitions on protest activity.[369]
In Florida, a bill based on legislation proposed in response to the George Floyd protests against police brutality in summer 2020 was introduced by State Senator Danny Burgess on January 6.[369] The bill, which would protect Confederate monuments; permit the state to overrule local governments' decisions to reduce funding for police; waive sovereign immunity for municipalities, thereby allowing local authorities to be sued for providing inadequate law enforcement; and block people injured while participating in protests from receiving damages, was described by Governor Ron DeSantis as an effort to prevent events like the Capitol attack.[369] In Mississippi, a bill was introduced on January 7 that would criminalize blocking traffic, throwing objects, pulling down monuments, causing emotional distress, any activity by a group of six or more people that "disturbs any person in the enjoyment of a legal right", or aiding a person doing any of these; it would also prevent protesters from suing police, prevent municipalities from reducing funding for police, and expand the state's stand your ground law.[369] In Indiana, a bill also introduced on January 7 would criminalize camping at the Indiana Statehouse, which was the site of protests in June 2020, and introduce mandatory sentences for anyone convicted of battery against a police officer or emergency service professional.[369]
Notes
- ^ The 38 senators include two independent Senators who caucus with the Democrats, Angus King (ME) and Bernie Sanders (VT).[242]
- ^ Murkowski called for Trump to resign.[243] Sasse said he would consider articles of impeachment from the House and that Trump "disregarded his oath of office".[244] Toomey said he thought Trump "committed impeachable offenses"[245] and later called on Trump to resign.[246]
- ^ Critics of social media companies who banned Trump included his political allies, such as his Donald Trump Jr.; Republican Senators Ted Cruz (TX) and Marco Rubio (FL), Republican Representatives Lauren Boebert (CO) and Marjorie Taylor Greene (GA), Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, and former ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley,[308][309] as well as foreign political figures, specifically German chancellor Angela Merkel,[310] Mexican president Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, Russian dissident Alexey Navalny, Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov,[311] and Eduardo Bolsonaro, son of Brazil's president Jair Bolsonaro.[312]
References
- ^ a b Clare Foran, Ryan Nobles and Annie Grayer. "Pelosi announces plans for '9/11-type commission' to investigate Capitol attack". CNN. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ Reeves, Jay; Mascaro, Lisa; Woodward, Calvin (January 11, 2021). "Capitol assault a more sinister attack than first appeared". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Doig, Steve (January 8, 2021). "It is difficult, if not impossible, to estimate the size of the crowd". The Conversation. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Leonnig, Carol D.; Davis, Aaron C.; Hermann, Peter; Demirjian, Karoun (January 10, 2021). "Outgoing Capitol Police chief: House, Senate security officials hamstrung efforts to call in National Guard". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Barrett, Ted; Raju, Manu; Nickeas, Peter. "Pro-Trump mob storms US Capitol as armed standoff takes place outside House chamber". CNN. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ "Trump supporters storm Capitol; DC National Guard activated; woman fatally shot". The Washington Post. January 7, 2021. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Pallini, Thomas (January 7, 2021). "Photos show the aftermath of an unprecedented and destructive siege on the US Capitol that left 4 rioters dead". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Daly, Matthew; Balsamo, Michael (January 8, 2021). "Deadly siege focuses attention on Capitol Police". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Landale, James (January 7, 2021). "Capitol siege: Trump's words 'directly led' to violence, Patel says". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Dozier, Kimberly; Bergengruen, Vera (January 6, 2021). "Incited by the President, Trump Supporters Violently Storm the Capitol". Time. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "This is what Trump told supporters before many stormed Capitol Hill". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ "Capitol Riot Death Toll Rises to 5; Police Hunt for Suspects". NBC4 Washington. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ "Capitol attack: the five people who died". The Guardian. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ a b Borger, Julian (January 8, 2021). "Democratic leaders call for Trump's removal from office". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Landay, Jonathan; Zengerle, Patricia; Morgan, David (January 7, 2021). "'Failure at the top:' After U.S. Capitol stormed, security chiefs out". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ O'Connor, Meg (January 14, 2021). "They Took Umbrellas to a Black Lives Matter Protest. The D.A. Hit Them with Gang Charges". The Appeal. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
- ^ Duncan, Ian (January 7, 2021). "Airlines, airports in D.C. area tighten security after Capitol riot as union cites 'mob mentality' among passengers". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ "Trump's New Criminal Problem". Politico. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ "DC attorney general considers riot incitement charges against Donald Trump Jr., Giuliani, GOP Rep. Brooks". CNBC. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Ruger, Todd (January 6, 2021). "Calls for Impeachment, Prosecution of President After Pro-Trump Mob Storms Capitol". Roll Call. FiscalNote. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Doherty, Ben (January 7, 2021). "Woman shot and killed in storming of US Capitol named as Ashli Babbitt". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021.
- ^ Yaffe-Bellany, David; Van Voris, Bob (January 12, 2021). "Trump May Be Shielded From Riot Charges by Klan Speech Case". Bloomberg News. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b NPR Staff (February 9, 2021). "The Capitol Siege: The Arrested And Their Stories". NPR. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Todd C. Frankel, A majority of the people arrested for Capitol riot had a history of financial trouble, Washington Post (February 10, 2021).
- ^ a b c d ""Unprecedented" in FBI history: What we know about the Capitol riot arrests". CBS News. February 12, 2021. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|authors=
ignored (help) - ^ a b Joe Palazzolo, Erin Ailworth & Rebecca Davis O'Brien, Most Capitol Riot Suspects Have No Far-Right Group Ties, a Challenge in Fight Against Extremism: About 16% of those facing federal charges have known affiliations with extremist organizations, Wall Street Journal (February 12, 2021).
- ^ Jennifer Valentino-DeVries, Grace Ashford, Denise Lu, Eleanor Lutz, Alex Leeds Matthews & Karen Yourish, Arrested in Capitol Riot: Organized Militants and a Horde of Radicals, New York Times (February 4, 2021).
- ^ Alanna Vagianos, At Least Nine Far-Right Insurrectionists Have A History Of Violence Against Women, HuffPo (February 10, 2021).
- ^ Perez, Evan; Shortell, David; Kelly, Caroline (February 10, 2021). "New video helping investigators in search for suspects in US Capitol police officer's death". CNN. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
- ^ Perez, Evan; Kelly, Caroline (February 26, 2021). "FBI identifies suspect in death of Capitol Police Officer Brian Sicknick, sources say". CNN. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
- ^ Benner, Katie; Feuer, Alan; Goldman, Adam (March 6, 2021). "F.B.I. Finds Contact Between Proud Boys Member and Trump Associate Before Riot" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ Kashino, Marisa M. (January 7, 2021). "The FBI Wants Your Help Identifying Capitol Rioters". Washingtonian. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Paul P. Murphy, The FBI and DC police want the public to help identify Capitol rioters Archived January 8, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, CNN (January 7, 2021).
- ^ a b Benner, Katie; Goldman, Adam (January 11, 2021). "Justice Dept. Pursues at Least 150 Suspects in Capitol Riot". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Nguyen, Vi (January 15, 2021). "'Needs to Stop:' Internet Users Misidentify Retired Chicago Firefighter as Riot Suspect". NBC Chicago. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
- ^ Reuters (January 12, 2021). "Video: Prosecutors Expect to Arrest 'Hundreds' Tied to Capitol Riot". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
{{cite news}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ a b c d e Fazio, Marie (January 10, 2021). "Notable Arrests After the Riot at the Capitol". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ "Thirteen Charged in Federal Court Following Riot at the United States Capitol: Approximately 40 charged in Superior Court". United States District Court for the District of Columbia (Press release). United States Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ So, Linda; Januta, Andrea; Berens, Mike (January 13, 2021). "Off-duty cops, other officials face reckoning after rallying for Trump in D.C". news.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "How Trump could factor into legal defenses of North Texans accused of threats and storming Capitol". Dallas News. January 31, 2021. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ Feuer, Alan; Hong, Nicole (January 17, 2021). "'I Answered the Call of My President': Rioters Say Trump Urged Them On". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ "Supporters' words may haunt Trump at impeachment trial". fox61.com. January 23, 2021. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Rubin, Olivia (February 9, 2021). "'Because President Trump said to': Over a dozen Capitol rioters say they were following Trump's guidance". ABC News. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Will the Capitol rioters receive a pardon from President Trump?". WREG.com. January 20, 2021. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
- ^ Frias, Lauren (February 9, 2021). "A Capitol riot suspect known as the 'QAnon Shaman' said he was 'deeply disappointed' in Trump for not being 'honorable'". Business Insider. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Mallin, Alexander; Hosenball, Alex; Rubin, Olivia (February 19, 2021). "In new defense, dozens of Capitol rioters say law enforcement 'let us in' to building". GMA. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Capitol Hill Siege | Program on Extremism | The George Washington University". extremism.gwu.edu. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
- ^ Harrington, Rebecca; Madison Hall, Skye Gould, Azmi Haroun, Jacob Shamsian (April 23, 2021). "439 people have been charged in the Capitol insurrection so far. This searchable table shows them all". Insider. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c d e f g Cohen, Marshall; Polantz, Katelyn (January 12, 2021). "Key arrests from the Capitol riot so far". CNN. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ a b c Biesecker, Michael; Kunzelman, Michael; Flaccus, Gillian; Mustian, Jim (January 10, 2021). "Records show fervent Trump fans fueled US Capitol takeover". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ a b Mallin, Alexander; Osborne, Mark (January 12, 2021). "DC protester arrested with 11 Molotov cocktails, several guns had list of 'good guys', 'bad guys': DOJ". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ a b Polantz, Katelyn; Scannell, Kara; LeBlanc, Paul (January 8, 2021). "Feds say police found a pickup truck full of bombs and guns near Capitol insurrection as wide-ranging investigation unfurls". CNN. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ a b Shear, Michael D.; Goldman, Adam; Benner, Katie (January 12, 2021). "Manhunt Intensifies as Authorities Warn Some Rioters May Face Sedition Charges". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ ""Proud Boys Hawaii" leader to appear in federal court for alleged involvement in US Capitol riot". KHON2. January 10, 2021. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ a b c Feuer, Adam; Broadwater, Luke (January 13, 2021). "More Arrests Made Amid New Calls for Investigation of Capitol Attack". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "Capitol mob member who lounged at Nancy Pelosi's desk is arrested". The Guardian. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Allen, Greg (January 8, 2021). "Law Enforcement And Social Media Identifying U.S. Capitol Mob Members". NPR. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ "Man Who Stormed Pelosi's Office Among Those Arrested". New York Times. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ "FBI arrests Arkansas man from photo inside Pelosi's office". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ "Capitol mob member who lounged at Nancy Pelosi's desk is arrested". The Guardian. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ McLaughlin, Kelly (January 8, 2021). "The rioter who took photos at Nancy Pelosi's desk and recently said he's a white nationalist prepared for a violent death has been arrested". Business Insider Australia. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Weiner, Rachel. "'Brazen, entitled, dangerous': D.C. judge jails man photographed in Pelosi's office" – via www.washingtonpost.com.
- ^ Jenkins, Cameron (January 9, 2021). "Man spotted carrying Speaker's lectern arrested in Florida". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Pengelly, Martin; Luscombe, Richard (January 9, 2021). "Police arrest man who carried Pelosi lectern and horned Capitol intruder". the Guardian. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Weiner, Rachel; Hsu, Spencer S.; Barrett, Devlin. "Two prominent figures are charged in Capitol riot. One wore a headdress with horns". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ De Leon, Jessica (January 9, 2021). "Feds arrest Florida man caught on camera carrying Pelosi's lectern during Capitol riot". The Miami Herald. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ a b Cannon, Matt (January 8, 2021). "Josiah Colt, Capitol rioter pictured hanging from Senate balcony, begs forgiveness". Newsweek. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Dutton, Audrey; Scholl, Jacob (January 7, 2021). "Updated: Boise man who posted about storming U.S. Capitol now 'person of interest'". Idaho Statesman. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Coyle, Jake (January 11, 2021). "A theatre of propaganda: The Capitol, cameras and selfies". Times Colonist. Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Moran, Lee (January 15, 2021). "Horned Capitol Rioter Wants Pardon From Trump: Only There At 'Invitation Of President'". HuffPost. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Katelyn Polantz. "US says Capitol rioters intended to 'capture and assassinate' elected officials". CNN. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Hsu, Spencer S.; Kornfield, Meryl; Villegas, Paulina; Lamothe, Dan (January 10, 2021). "Two men who allegedly held zip ties in Capitol during riots being investigated by U.S. counterterrorism prosecutors". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Killoran, Ellen (January 13, 2021). "Georgia man arrested at U.S. Capitol died of suicide two days later; faced only brief jail time or modest fine". Crime Online. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
- ^ Donaghue, Erin (January 12, 2021). "Son of Brooklyn judge arrested in Capitol attack". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Walker, Hunter (January 13, 2021). "Some House Democrats Have 'Real Concern' GOP Colleagues May Have Aided Capitol Attack". HuffPost. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Ross, Jamie (January 13, 2021). "'I am not a terrorist': Retired Navy SEAL speaks after Capitol siege". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Klein, David Ian. "Capitol rioter who wore 'Camp Auschwitz' sweatshirt arrested". The Forward. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Devine, Curt; Bronstein, Scott (January 10, 2021). "Man in 'Camp Auschwitz' sweatshirt during Capitol riot identified". Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "'Long-time Extremist': Rioter in 'Camp Auschwitz' Sweatshirt During Capitol Riot Identified". News18. January 11, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Eddy, Melissa (January 8, 2021). "Amid the Rampage at the U.S. Capitol, a Sweatshirt Stirs Troubling Memories". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "Sturm auf das Kapitol: US-Randalierer mit "Camp-Auschwitz"-Shirt festgenommen". Der Spiegel. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ a b "Haft für Randalierer mit "Camp Auschwitz"-Shirt begrüßt (International Auschwitz Committee)". Jüdische Allgemeine. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Rosenfeld, Arno. "Man wearing 'Camp Auschwitz' shirt among mob who stormed U.S. Capitol". The Forward. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "Mann mit "Camp Auschwitz"-Shirt gefasst". Tagesschau. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
- ^ Nieto del Rio, Giulia McDonnell; Goldman, Adam; Benner, Katie (January 14, 2021). "A man who carried a Confederate flag into the Capitol has been arrested". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Tabin, Sara (January 14, 2021). "Utah activist who allegedly rioted at U.S. Capitol has been arrested". The Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Mackey, Robert (January 14, 2021). "John Sullivan, Who Filmed Shooting of Ashli Babbitt in Capitol, Detained on Federal Charges". The Intercept. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Cox, Erin (January 14, 2021). "Utah activist John Sullivan arrested for involvement in Capitol riot". Fox13Now. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Ruiz, Michael (January 8, 2021). "BLM activist inside Capitol claims he was 'documenting' riots, once said 'burn it all down'". Fox News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Fernandez, Gabriel (January 15, 2021). "Olympic gold medalist swimmer Klete Keller, charged for storming U.S. Capitol, turns himself in to authorities". CBSSports.com. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ "Ex-Olympic swimmer charged in Capitol riots". ESPN.com. January 13, 2021. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Balsamo, Michael (January 16, 2021). "Far-right personality 'Baked Alaska' arrested in riot probe". AP News. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
- ^ Paz, Isabella Grullón (January 16, 2021). "Far-right activist 'Baked Alaska' is among the latest Capitol rioters to be arrested". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
- ^ Folley, Aris (January 16, 2021). "Feds: New York man among Capitol rioters who said they wanted to kill Pelosi, Pence". TheHill. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ "The Proud Boy Who Smashed a US Capitol Window Is a Former Marine". www.vice.com. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ "FBI arrests KY man caught on video breaking into speaker's lobby at U.S. Capitol". WLKY. January 18, 2021. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ "Kentucky man charged in storming of US Capitol". Lexington Herald Leader. Associated Press. January 17, 2021. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ S. Hsu, Spencer (January 18, 2021). "Ky. man accused of smashing window Babbitt tried to breach; N.M. man vowed to return to D.C. – and was caught when he did". Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
- ^ Willman, Chris (January 18, 2021). "Guitarist for Metal Band Iced Earth Surrenders to FBI on Capitol Insurrection Charges". Variety. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Evans, Tim; Huang, Binghui; Martin, Ryan. "Indiana guitarist Jon Schaffer in federal custody after Capitol insurrection, faces 6 charges". The Indianapolis Star. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ "Iced Earth's Jon Schaffer Still Hasn't Been Charged for Participating in the Capitol Siege". MetalSucks. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Kaufman, Gil. "Iced Earth Condemn Capitol Assault by Trump Supporters: 'We Hope That All Those Involved That Day Are Brought to Justice'". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Dowd, Rachael (January 19, 2021). "Iced Earth are missing from label site's roster after Jon Schaffer's arrest". Alternative Press. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ Hsu, Spencer S.; Knowles, Hannah. "Woman accused of taking laptop from Pelosi's office has been arrested, officials say". Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Barcaro, Matt (January 19, 2021), Woman wanted by FBI in connection with Capitol riot, claim she stole Pelosi laptop is arrested, archived from the original on January 19, 2021, retrieved January 19, 2021
- ^ Kachroo, Rohit (January 17, 2021). "Exclusive: ITV News identifies pro-Trump woman who stormed US Capitol". ITV News. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ Strapagiel, Lauren (January 18, 2021). "The FBI Is Investigating Whether A Woman Stole A Laptop From Nancy Pelosi's Office And Planned To Sell It To Russia". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Lund, Jonathan (January 18, 2021). "Case 1:21-mj-00099-RMM Document 1-1 Filed 01/17/21 Page 1 of 6" (PDF). CourtListener. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Herridge, Catherine (January 19, 2021). "Woman investigated for allegedly stealing computer from Nancy Pelosi's office to give to Russia surrenders to authorities". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Worden, Amy (January 21, 2021). "Judge chides suspected Pelosi laptop thief: 'The Constitution prevails here today'". Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ David Shortell, Katelyn Polantz, Evan Perez and Zachary Cohen. "Members of extremist Oath Keepers group planned attack on US Capitol, prosecutors say". CNN. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Savage, Charlie (January 19, 2021). "New Evidence Of Conspiracy Among Rioters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ "United States v. Caldwell, Crowl and Watkins". United States District Court for the District Of Columbia. January 19, 2021.
- ^ Hsu, Spencer S. "Tennessee man with zip ties at Capitol could face charges of sedition, other felonies after riot, prosecutors say" – via www.washingtonpost.com.
- ^ a b Report, KETV Staff (January 25, 2021). "Omaha FBI agents arrest founder of WalkAway Campaign for actions during U.S. Capitol attack". KETV. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ Newburger, Emma (January 30, 2021). "Two Proud Boys members indicted for conspiracy in U.S. Capitol riots". CNBC.
- ^ Feuer, Alan (January 30, 2021). "Proud Boys Charged With Conspiracy in Capitol Riot" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ "Woman charged in Capitol riot said she wanted to shoot Pelosi 'in the friggin' brain', FBI says". The Independent. January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
- ^ "Luke Coffee – IMDb". IMDb. IMDb. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ Escobedo, Jozelyn (February 26, 2021). "Dallas man accused of using crutch to assault police at Capitol faces federal charges, documents state" – via WFAA.com.
- ^ "Dallas Actor Accused of Assaulting Officers With Crutch in U.S. Capitol Riot". February 26, 2021 – via NBCDFW.com.
- ^ Holley, Peter (February 26, 2021). "He Rioted at the Capitol. Then for Weeks He Lived in Luxury While Hiding From the FBI" – via TexasMonthly.com.
- ^ Polantz, Katelyn; Atwood, Kylie; Perez, Evan; Rabinowitz, Hannah (March 5, 2021). "Trump State Department official charged for attacking police in Capitol riot". CNN. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
- ^ NJ.com, Kevin Shea | For (March 9, 2021). "N.J. man charged in U.S. Capitol attack is member of the Oath Keepers militia, feds say". nj. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
- ^ WABC (March 8, 2021). "Roger Stone bodyguard from Newburgh among 2 more arrested in Capitol riot, authorities say". ABC7 New York. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
- ^ Wallace, Danielle (March 15, 2021). "Two men charged with assaulting Capitol Police officer Sicknick with chemical spray". Fox News. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^ Hsu, Spencer; Hermann, Peter (March 15, 2021). "Two arrested in assault on police officer Brian D. Sicknick, who died after Jan. 6 Capitol riot". Washington Post. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^ Carrega, Christina; Perez, Evan; Polantz, Katelyn (March 15, 2021). "Two men arrested and charged for assaulting Capitol Police Officer Brian Sicknick". CNN. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^ FBI Minneapolis (March 19, 2021). "Jordan K. Stotts, 31, of Moorhead, MN was arrested by #FBI Minneapolis special agents today on charges relating to criminal acts at the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021". Twitter. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Hurley, Bailey (March 19, 2021). "Moorhead man arrested for alleged involvement of U.S. Capitol riots". Valley News Live (Fargo, North Dakota). Retrieved March 19, 2021.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Carrollton Man Becomes 20th Arrest By FBI Dallas Office Regarding US Capitol Riot". CBS DFW. March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ "Capitol riot suspect from Carrollton arrested". Carrollton Leader. March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ "FBI's Dallas Office Makes 20th Arrest of Alleged Capitol Rioter". NBC DFW. March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ Mannix, Andy (April 8, 2021). "Rochester, Minn. woman charged in connection to Jan. 6 attack on U.S. Capitol". Star Tribune. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
- ^ Mannix, Andy (April 9, 2021). "FBI arrests second Minnesotan this week in connection to Jan. 6 storming of U.S. Capitol". Star Tribune. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
- ^ "North Texas Couple Facing Charges in Breach of U.S. Capitol Building". WBAP. April 22, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
- ^ "Forestburg couple arrested in connection with Capitol riot". Gainesville Register. April 22, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
- ^ "North Texas Couple Charged With Assaulting Officers During Jan. 6 Capitol Riot". NBC DFW. April 22, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
- ^ Burgess, Matt (January 8, 2021). "Open-source sleuths are already unmasking the Capitol Hill mob". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Kimball, Whitney; McKay, Tom (January 7, 2021). "Thanks For the Evidence, You Seditious Dweebs". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Dell, Cameron; Mehrotra, Dhruv (January 12, 2021). "Parler Users Breached Deep Inside U.S. Capitol Building, GPS Data Shows". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ "Rep. Tim Ryan: Probe Underway On Whether Members Gave Capitol Tours To Rioters". NPR.org. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Seddiq, Oma (January 15, 2021). "Pelosi says Congress members may face prosecution if an investigation shows they were accomplices in Capitol siege". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ a b c Seligman, Lara; O'Brien, Connor (January 11, 2021). "Duckworth demands Pentagon investigate if troops participated in Capitol 'coup attempt'". Politico. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Eric Schmitt, Jennifer Steinhauer and Helene Cooper, Pentagon Accelerates Efforts to Root Out Far-Right Extremism in the Ranks Archived January 19, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, New York Times (January 18, 2021).
- ^ a b Brian W. Everstine, DOD Grapples With Extremist Troops as Congress Urges Investigation Archived January 21, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Air Force Magazine (January 14, 2021).
- ^ "Nomination of Rudolph W. Giuliani To Be an Associate Attorney General | The American Presidency Project". www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Larson, Erik (January 11, 2021). "Giuliani May Be Expelled by New York Bar Group Over Capitol Riot". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ "Did Giuliani Call For 'Trial By Combat' Before Trump Mob Swarmed Capitol?". Snopes.com. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ Pisani, Joseph; Bussewitz, Cathy (January 8, 2021). "Rioters Who Stormed US Capitol Now Face Backlash at Work". US News. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Keenan, Alexis (January 9, 2021). "Here are the rights employers have to fire workers identified as Capitol Hill rioters". www.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Walsh, Joe (January 7, 2021). "Man In Capitol Mob Fired After Wearing His Company ID Badge To Riot". Forbes. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ MacFarquhar, Neil (January 9, 2021). "Police officers who traveled to Washington are being investigated for connection to the Capitol melee". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ a b Ben-Menachem, Jonathan (January 13, 2021). "The Cops at the Capitol". The Appeal. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
- ^ Berry, Phillipe (January 15, 2021). "Violences à Washington : Avant son suicide, un Français aurait fait une donation en bitcoins de 500.000 dollars à l'ultradroite américaine" [Violence in Washington: Before his suicide, a Frenchman allegedly donated $500,000 in bitcoins to the ultra-right American]. www.20minutes.fr (in French). Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ a b c Dilanian, Ken (January 16, 2021). "FBI probing if foreign interests paid extremists tied to Capitol riot". NBC News. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Papenfuss, Mary (February 21, 2021). "FBI Reportedly Probing Roger Stone's, Alex Jones' Possible Links To Capitol Violence". HuffPost. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
- ^ Cohen, Marshall (February 27, 2021). "Trump supporters who breached the Capitol: 'It was not Antifa'". CNN. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Cohen, Zachary; Polantz, Katelyn (March 2, 2021). "FBI Director Wray knocks down conspiracy theory that January 6 rioters were 'fake Trump protesters'". CNN. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Hong, Nicole (April 21, 2021). "He Said to 'Kill Your Senators' in an Online Video. Now He's on Trial". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
- ^ Jacobs, Shayna (April 28, 2021). "Trump supporter found guilty of threatening to kill members of Congress after Jan. 6 insurrection". Washington Post. Retrieved April 28, 2021.
- ^ Raju, Manu; Barrett, Ted (January 7, 2021). "Facing criticism, US Capitol Police details response to mob, 14 suspects arrested and 50 officers injured". CNN. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Thrush, Glenn; Dewan, Shaila; Eligon, John; MacFarquhar, Neil (January 7, 2021). "Questions mount over law enforcement's failure to protect the Capitol". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f Leonnig, Carol D.; Davis, Aaron C.; Lamothe, Dan; Fahrenthold, David A. (January 6, 2021). "Capitol breach prompts urgent questions about security failures". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Graff, Garrett M. (January 8, 2021). "Behind the Strategic Failure of the Capitol Police". Politico. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Ignatius, David (January 7, 2021). "What went wrong with the protection of the U.S. Capitol". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Felton, Emmanuel (January 9, 2021). "These Black Capitol Police Officers Describe Fighting Off "Racist Ass Terrorists"". Buzzfeed News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Everett, Burgess; Caygle, Heather (January 7, 2021). "Top Dems sack Capitol security officials after deadly riot". Politico. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Beaumont, Peter (January 11, 2021). "Ex-head of Capitol police: officials reluctant to call in national guard". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ CNN. "READ: Former Capitol Police chief's letter to Congress on delays and failures leading up to Capitol riot". CNN. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
{{cite web}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ a b Emma, Caitlin (January 6, 2021). "Capitol Police firings imminent after 'attempted coup', top appropriator warns". Politico. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Cheney, Kyle; Ferris, Sarah; Barrón-Lopez, Laura (January 8, 2021). "'Inside job': House Dems ask if Capitol rioters had hidden help". Politico. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Moran, Lee (January 7, 2021). "Joe Scarborough Drops F-Bomb In Fiery On-Air Takedown Of Donald Trump, Capitol Police". HuffPost. Verizon Media. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ Bertrand, Natasha (January 7, 2021). "Justice Department warns of national security fallout from Capitol Hill insurrection". Politico. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Long, Colleen; Baldor, Lolita; Balsamo, Michael; Merchant, Nomaan (January 7, 2021). "Capitol Police rejected offers of federal help to quell mob". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Watson, Kathryn (February 16, 2021). "Capitol Police officers give vote of no confidence in leaders". CBS News. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ Cohen, Zachary; Whitney Wild and Marshall Cohen (February 23, 2021). "Capitol security officials point fingers over disastrous January 6 riot response". CNN. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Gramenz, Jack. "Vision emerges of police moving barricades to allow rioters into US Capitol, taking selfies". News.com.au. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Elis, Niv (January 6, 2021). "Capitol Police face heat following mob breach". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ McSwane, Logan Jaffe,Lydia DePillis,Isaac Arnsdorf,J David (January 7, 2021). "Capitol Rioters Planned for Weeks in Plain Sight. The Police Weren't Ready". ProPublica. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Lee, Jessica (January 7, 2021). "Did US Capitol Police Officer Take a Selfie With Rioter?". Snopes. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ "Congressman accuses US Capitol Police of being 'complicit' in rioters entering Capitol Building". Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Tavernise, Sabrina; Rosenberg, Matthew (January 7, 2021). "These Are the Rioters Who Stormed the Nation's Capitol". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Prothero, Mitch (January 7, 2021). "Some among America's military allies believe Trump deliberately attempted a coup and may have had help from federal law-enforcement officials". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Broadwater, Luke; Schmidt, Michael S. (March 4, 2021). "Officials Put 'Unusual' Limits on D.C. National Guard Before Riot, Commander Says" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ a b Sadeghi, McKenzie (January 7, 2021). "Fact check: Viral images compare handling of Black Lives Matter protests and Capitol riot". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ Smith, Jamil (January 7, 2021). "White Entitlement, On Parade". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Dewan, Shaila (January 7, 2021). "Capitol Breach Draws Sharp Condemnation of Law Enforcement". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ a b Sanchez, Tatiana (January 7, 2021). "'America's double standard': Bay Area racial justice activists denounce police reaction to pro-Trump mob". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Borger, Julian (January 6, 2021). "Maga v BLM: how police handled the Capitol mob and George Floyd activists – in pictures". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ a b Tolan, Casey (January 9, 2021). "DC police made far more arrests at the height of Black Lives Matter protests than during Capitol clash". CNN. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ a b Chavez, Nicole (January 7, 2021). "Rioters breached US Capitol security on Wednesday. This was the police response when it was Black protesters on DC streets last year". CNN. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Aratani, Lauren (January 7, 2021). "'White privilege on display': police hypocrisy condemned after pro-Trump insurgence". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Fadel, Leila (January 9, 2021). "'Now The World Gets To See The Difference': BLM Protesters On The Capitol Attack". NPR.org. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ a b c Brantley-Jones, Kiara; Cruz, Abby; Deliso, Meredith. "'Extraordinary dichotomy' in police response to Black Lives Matter protests, Capitol chaos: DC attorney general". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ Tan, Rebecca; Jamison, Peter; Chason, Rachel; Leonnig, Carol D.; Cox, John Woodrow (January 6, 2021). "Trump supporters storm U.S. Capitol, with one woman killed and tear gas fired". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Myre, Greg. "Authorities Track Down Members Of Capitol Mob After They Return Home". NPR.org. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Gurman, Aruna Viswanatha and Sadie (January 8, 2021). "Ahead of Capitol Riot, Police Miscalculated Risk". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ McFall, Caitlin (January 7, 2021). "Biden joins claims of 'white privilege' directed toward US Capitol rioters". Fox News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Srikanth, Anagha (January 6, 2021). "How law enforcement handled the pro-Trump mob compared to Black Lives Matter protesters". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Togoh, Isabel (January 6, 2021). "'What If They Were Black?': Commentators, Twitter Users Denounce 'Double Standard' As Cops Take Selfies With Capitol Protesters". Forbes. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Chavez, Nicole. "Rioters breached US Capitol security on Wednesday. This was the police response when it was Black protesters on DC streets last year". CNN. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Berry, Grace Hauck and Deborah Barfield. "'Double standard': Black lawmakers and activists decry police response to attack on US Capitol". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Klemko, Robert; Kindy, Kimberly; Bellware, Kim; Hawkins, Derek. "Kid glove treatment of pro-Trump mob contrasts with strong-arm police tactics against Black Lives Matter, activists say". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "Photos show difference in how police responded to anti-racism protests and the siege at the U.S. Capitol". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "National Guard activated for D.C. protests, with more restraints than in June, officials say". The Washington Post. January 4, 2021. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "Capitol Police Weren't Prepared for Rioters, Authorities Say". The Wall Street Journal. January 7, 2021. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Voght, Kara (January 8, 2021). "Democrat Introduces Bill to Investigate If Capitol Police Have Ties to White Supremacist Groups". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Williams, Katie Bo. "Congress Launches Investigations into Capitol Police Following Siege". Defense One. Defense One. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Nickeas, Peter; Grayer, Annie; Nobles, Ryan (January 12, 2021). "2 Capitol Police officers suspended and at least 10 more under investigation for alleged roles in riot". CNN. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Sandler, Rachel (February 18, 2021). "6 Capitol Police Officers Suspended For Actions During Riot". Forbes. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Pelosi calls for resignation of Capitol Police chief". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "Former Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund Defends Agency's Role In Jan. 6 Attack". 88.5 WFDD. January 15, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
- ^ "U.S. Capitol Police chief resigning after mob attack". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Associated Press. January 7, 2021. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ a b Allison Klein, Capitol Police Chief Sund has stepped down, leaving earlier than expected Archived January 13, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Washington Post (January 10, 2021).
- ^ Broadwater, Luke; Cochrane, Emily; Goldman, Adam (January 26, 2021). "Capitol Police chief apologizes for security failures during the assault, including a delay in calling for Guard troops". New York Times. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Jacobs, Jennifer; Wadhams, Nick (January 7, 2021). "Trump Averts Mass-Resignation Crisis as Riot Tests Staff Loyalty". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Jeff Zeleny and Alex Rogers, CNN (January 28, 2021). "CFO of House GOP campaign committee resigned after lawmakers objected to Electoral College results". cnn.com.
{{cite news}}
:|author=
has generic name (help) - ^ Collins, Kaitlan; Salama, Vivian; Tapper, Jake; Atwood, Kylie (January 7, 2021). "Trump's deputy national security adviser resigns as other top officials consider quitting over Capitol riot". CNN. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Bennett, Kate (January 6, 2021). "First lady's chief of staff and former WH press secretary resigns over violent protests". CNN. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Sasina, Scott (January 7, 2021). "Multiple White House staffers resigning". WBNG. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Bennett, Kate (January 6, 2021). "Another senior East Wing staffer resigns following today's riots". CNN. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Tapper, Jake; Collins, Kaitlan; Atwood, Kylie; Salama, Vivian (January 6, 2021). "Top White House national security officials are considering resigning". CNN. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Snyder, Tanya (January 7, 2021). "Chao resigns from Transportation Department, citing 'traumatic', 'avoidable' Capitol riot". Politico. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Leary, Natalie Andrews and Alex (January 8, 2021). "Schumer, Pelosi Call for Trump's Removal After Capitol Riot". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Forgey, Quint (January 8, 2021). "'They are running away': Clyburn blasts DeVos, Chao for resigning without invoking 25th Amendment". Politico. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ a b Macias, Amanda (January 7, 2021). "'I can't stay here' – Mick Mulvaney resigns from Trump administration, expects others to follow". CNBC. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "Assistant Attorney General Eric Dreiband Announces Departure from Civil Rights Division". justice.gov. January 7, 2021. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Mangan, Dan; Macias, Amanda (January 11, 2021). "Acting Homeland Security Secretary Chad Wolf resigns, third Cabinet-level official to quit after pro-Trump riot at Capitol". CNBC. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ "Alex Azar resigns as Health and Human Services Secretary, citing Capitol mob". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ ANDREW DESIDERIO (January 12, 2021). "GOP aide resigns while lashing 'congressional enablers of this mob'". politico.com.
- ^ Snyder, Tanya (January 7, 2021). "5 senior Trump appointees at FAA resign in protest". Politico. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ DANIEL LIPPMAN, LARA SELIGMAN and MERIDITH MCGRAW (January 6, 2021). "Deputy national security adviser resigns after Wednesday's chaos". politico.com.
- ^ Kaitlan Collins, Vivian Salama, Jake Tapper and Kylie Atwood, CNN (January 7, 2021). "Trump's deputy national security adviser resigns as other top officials consider quitting over Capitol riot". cnn.com.
{{cite news}}
:|author=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Reuters Staff (January 7, 2021). "Trump's Russia adviser resigns, more departures expected soon – source". reuters.com.
{{cite news}}
:|author=
has generic name (help) - ^ Zilbermints, Regina (January 7, 2021). "First GOP lawmaker calls for invoking 25th Amendment to remove Trump". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Pramuk, Jacob (January 7, 2021). "Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer calls for Trump's immediate removal from office". CNBC. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Conradis, Brandon (January 7, 2021). "Pelosi: Trump should be removed immediately". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Lillis, Mike; Wong, Scott (January 7, 2021). "Pelosi vows to impeach Trump again – if Pence doesn't remove him first". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Ting, Eric (January 6, 2021). "After Trump supporters storm Capitol, Rep. Ted Lieu calls for Trump's immediate removal from office". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Contorno, Steve (January 6, 2021). "Charlie Crist: Remove Donald Trump from office by invoking 25th Amendment". Tampa Bay Times. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ a b c "These are the members calling for impeachment or the 25th Amendment to be invoked". CNN. January 10, 2021. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Brooks, James (January 8, 2021). "Alaska Sen. Lisa Murkowski calls on President Trump to resign, questions her future as a Republican". Anchorage Daily News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Swanson, Ian (January 8, 2021). "Sasse says he'd consider impeaching Trump". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Vella, Lauren (January 9, 2021). "GOP senator: Trump 'committed impeachable offenses'". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Kamisar, Ben (January 10, 2021). "GOP Sen. Pat Toomey calls on Trump to resign". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Michael Warren & Jamie Gangel, Multiple Republicans are considering supporting impeachment, sources say Archived January 13, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, CNN (January 8, 2021).
- ^ Barrón-López, Laura; Otterbein, Holly (January 6, 2021). "Rising number of Democrats call for Trump impeachment". Politico. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ "'Donald Trump has incited a violent coup attempt' Illinois Gov. Pritzker on DC demonstrations". Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Celine Castronuovo, Cuomo: 'I call on President Trump to resign' Archived January 13, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, The Hill (January 8, 2021).
- ^ NC Democrats, including governor, join call for Trump's removal from office Archived January 13, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, WRAL (January 7, 2021).
- ^ Jim Brunner, Gov. Jay Inslee joins Washington state's congressional Democrats in calling for Trump's ouster Archived January 11, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, The Seattle Times (January 7, 2021).
- ^ Burdryk, Zack (January 7, 2021). "Three Republican governors call for Trump's removal or resignation after Capitol riot". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Zak Koeske, McMaster rejects calls for Trump's removal from office, confident he'll transfer power Archived January 8, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, The State (January 7, 2021).
- ^ Dave "Dino" DeNatale, Gov. Mike DeWine on calls to invoke 25th Amendment to remove President Trump: 'It would cause more division than healing' Archived January 13, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, WKYC (January 7, 2021).
- ^ Appelbaum, Yoni. "Impeach Trump Again". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Dreher, Rod (January 6, 2021). "Trump's Weimar America". The American Conservative. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Podhoretz, John (January 6, 2021). "Donald Trump Should Be Impeached and Removed from Office Tomorrow". Commentary. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Larison, Daniel (January 6, 2021). "Remove Trump from Office". The American Conservative. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ "Opinion | Donald Trump's Final Days". The Wall Street Journal. The Editorial Board. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Editorial Board, Trump caused the assault on the Capitol. He must be removed. Archived January 7, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Washington Post (January 6, 2021).
- ^ Novet, Jordan (January 6, 2021). "U.S. trade group asks VP Pence to 'seriously consider' invoking 25th Amendment to remove Trump". CNBC. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ "CBS News Report: Cabinet members discuss invoking 25th Amendment to remove President Trump". KWCH-DT. January 6, 2021. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Acosta, Jim (January 6, 2021). "Some Cabinet members holding preliminary talks about invoking 25th Amendment to remove Trump from office". CNN. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Santucci, John; Faulders, Katherine; Shapiro, Emily; Karl, Jonathan; Siegel, Benjamin (January 7, 2021). "Members of Trump Cabinet discussing invoking 25th Amendment: Sources". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ a b *"H.Res.24 – Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors". 117th United States Congress. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- Weiland, Noah (January 11, 2021). "Impeachment Briefing: 'Incitement of Insurrection'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- Moe, Alex; Shabad, Rebecca; Gregorian, Dareh (January 11, 2021). "Lawmakers called back to D.C. to vote on Trump's impeachment, removal under 25th Amendment". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Quinn, Melissa; Segers, Grace; Watson, Kathryn; Baldwin, Sarah Lynch (January 13, 2021). "House calls on Pence to invoke 25th Amendment, but he's already dismissed the idea". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Fandos, Nicholas (January 12, 2021). "House votes to call on Pence to invoke the 25th Amendment to strip Trump of power". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Nicholas Fandos (January 13, 2021). "Trump Impeached for Inciting Insurrection". New York Times.
- ^ "Impeachment Results: How Democrats and Republicans Voted". New York Times. January 13, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|authors=
ignored (help) - ^ "Former President Donald Trump acquitted in 2nd impeachment trial". ABC News.
- ^ "7 Republicans vote to convict Trump in impeachment trial". AP NEWS. February 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Villegas, Paulina; Chason, Rachel; Knowles, Hannah (January 8, 2021). "Storming of Capitol was textbook potential coronavirus superspreader, experts say". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Bonfiglio, Nahila (January 6, 2021). "Baked Alaska attends far-right election protest despite recent COVID-19 diagnosis". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Mastis, Lindsey (January 8, 2021). "ONLY ON 7: Dr. Anthony Fauci discusses whether Capitol riot was a superspreader event". WJLA-TV. Sinclair Broadcast Group. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Ray, Siladitya (January 7, 2021). "Kansas Rep. Jake LaTurner Tests Positive For Covid-19 Hours After House Vote". Forbes. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ a b Paulina Firozi, Amy B Wang & Mike DeBonis (January 10, 2021). "Lawmakers may have been exposed to the coronavirus in Capitol lockdown, attending physician says". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Hillyard, Vaughn (January 10, 2021). "Capitol physician says members in lockdown may have been exposed to occupant with Covid". MSNBC.com. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ a b c Am; Terkel, a; Fuller, Matt (January 12, 2021). "House Members To Be Fined For Not Wearing Face Masks". HuffPost. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Diaz, Daniella. "Democratic Rep. Adriano Espaillat tests positive for Covid-19". CNN. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "Watson Coleman Receives Positive Coronavirus Test Following January 6 Capitol Lockdown" (Press release). Office of U.S. Representative Bonnie Watson Coleman. January 11, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ "Jayapal Tests Positive for COVID-19 Following Lockdown at Capitol With Republican Lawmakers Who Cruelly and Selfishly Refused to Wear Masks" (Press release). Office of U.S. Representative Pramila Jayapal. January 11, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ "After husband contracts coronavirus, Rep. Ayanna Pressley criticizes GOP colleagues for not wearing masks". Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Kounang, Nadia; Wild, Whitney (January 24, 2021). "38 Capitol Police officers test positive for Covid-19 after Capitol riot". CNN. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
- ^ Harkins, Gina (January 25, 2021). "DC Guard Chief 'Deeply Troubled' After Nearly 200 Troops Test Positive for COVID-19". Military.com. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
- ^ Lytvynenko, Jane; Hensley-Clancy, Molly (January 6, 2021). "The Rioters Who Took Over The Capitol Have Been Planning Online In The Open For Weeks". Buzzfeed News. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Clayton, James (October 27, 2020). "Social media: Is it really biased against US Republicans?". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Lima, Cristiano (January 6, 2021). "YouTube, Facebook and Twitter squelch Trump's video on Capitol breach". Politico. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ Kelly, Makena (January 6, 2021). "Facebook declares 'emergency situation' and removes Trump video". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ @TwitterSafety (January 7, 2021). "Future violations of the Twitter Rules, including our Civic Integrity or Violent Threats policies, will result in permanent suspension of the @realDonaldTrump account" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ Manzullo, Brian. "Twitter blocks Donald Trump's account for 12 hours, threatens permanent suspension". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Lonas, Lexi (January 7, 2021). "Trump suspended indefinitely from Snapchat". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Shieber, Jonathan (January 7, 2021). "Shopify pulls Donald Trump stores off its platform". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Isaac, Mike; Conger, Kate; Hadi, Mohammed (January 7, 2021). "Facebook bans Trump indefinitely". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Kim, Matt (January 7, 2021). "Twitch Disables Donald Trump's Channel Over Risk of More Violence". IGN. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Lawler, Richard (January 7, 2021). "TikTok ban will remove videos of Donald Trump inciting rioters". Engadget. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ Gold, Sara Fischer,Ashley. "All the platforms that have banned or restricted Trump so far". Axios. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c *Arbel, Tali (January 8, 2021). "Twitter bans Trump, citing risk of violent incitement". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- Bajack, Frank (January 9, 2021). "Squelched by Twitter, Trump seeks new online megaphone". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- "Permanent suspension of @realDonaldTrump". Twitter Inc. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ a b c Hollister, Sean (January 8, 2021). "Twitter is deleting Trump's attempts to circumvent ban". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ "PGA Championship leaving Trump National in '22 tournament". USA Today. Associated Press. January 10, 2021. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Draper, Kevin; Pennington, Bill (January 10, 2021). "Trump Golf Club Loses 2022 P.G.A. Championship". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Huggan, John (January 11, 2021). "R&A has no plans to hold Open Championship at Trump Turnberry for 'foreseeable future'". Golf Digest. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Coleman, Justine (January 10, 2021). "Payment processor Stripe cuts ties with Trump campaign". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Lipton, Eric; Protess, Ben; Eder, Steve (January 12, 2021). "An Urgent Reckoning for the Trump Brand". The New York Times. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ "YouTube suspends Trump channel from uploading new content for seven days". The Guardian. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ "Twitter permanently suspends Trump from its platform, citing 'risk of further incitement of violence'". KWWL. Associated Press. January 8, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
- ^ Knutson, Jacob (January 8, 2021). "Twitter suspends accounts of Michael Flynn, Sidney Powell". Axios. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Choi, Matthew (January 8, 2021). "'Orwell's 1984': Trump allies slam Twitter over president's suspension". Politico. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ "Outrage over Twitter's Trump Ban Grows: Pompeo, Rubio, Ted Cruz, Navalny, James Woods". KMJ. January 9, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ Chazan, Guy; Foy, Henry; Murphy, Hannah (January 11, 2021). "Angela Merkel attacks Twitter over Trump ban". Financial Times. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Bodner, Matthew (January 11, 2021). "Russian opposition leader Navalny slams Trump ban as 'censorship'". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ "A 'bad sign': World leaders and officials blast Twitter Trump ban". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera. January 11, 2021. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Peters, Jay (January 8, 2021). "Discord bans pro-Trump server 'The Donald'". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Petrizzo, Zachary (January 8, 2021). "Pro-Trump Lawyer Lin Wood Calls For Pence to Be Executed, Parler Removed Posts (UPDATED)". Mediaite. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Jenkins, Cameron (January 9, 2021). "YouTube removes Steve Bannon podcast channel over false election claims". The Hill. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Brakkton Booker , Facebook Removes 'Stop The Steal' Content; Twitter Suspends QAnon Accounts Archived January 12, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, NPR (January 12, 2021).
- ^ a b Davies, Emily; Brice-Saddler, Michael; Lang, Marissa J.; Jouvenal, Justin (January 13, 2021). "Airbnb to cancel all D.C. reservations during inauguration week as security in the city is tightened". Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "Airbnb to Block and Cancel D.C. Reservations During Inauguration". Airbnb. January 13, 2021. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "Talk-radio owner orders conservative hosts to temper election fraud rhetoric". Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Culliford, Elizabeth; Paul, Katie (June 14, 2019). "Unhappy with Twitter, thousands of Saudis join pro-Trump social network Parler". Reuters. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved June 15, 2019.
- ^ Sardarizadeh, Shayan (November 9, 2020). "Parler 'free speech' app tops charts in wake of Trump defeat". BBC News. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
- ^ "Parler: Where the Mainstream Mingles with the Extreme". Anti-Defamation League. November 12, 2020. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved November 14, 2020.
- ^ Saul, Isaac (July 18, 2019). "This Twitter Alternative Was Supposed To Be Nicer, But Bigots Love It Already". The Forward. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
- ^ Shieber, Jonathan (January 9, 2021). "Parler jumps to No. 1 on App Store after Facebook and Twitter ban Trump". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Dzhanova, Yelena (January 9, 2021). "Top conservative figures are tweeting to advertise their Parler accounts after Trump was permanently banned from Twitter". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Peters, Jay (January 8, 2021). "Google pulls Parler from Play Store for fostering calls to violence". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Peters, Jay (January 9, 2021). "Apple removes Parler from the App Store". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Mac, Ryan; Paczkowski, John (January 8, 2021). "Apple Has Threatened To Ban Parler From The App Store". Buzzfeed News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Nicas, Jack; Albas, Davey (January 9, 2021). "Amazon, Apple and Google Cut Off Parler, an App That Drew Trump Supporters". Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Lyons, Kim (January 11, 2021). "Parler is gone for now as Amazon terminates hosting". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Fung, Brian (January 9, 2021). "Parler has now been booted by Amazon, Apple and Google, and it may have to go offline temporarily". CNN Business. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
- ^ Nicas, Jack; Alba, Davey (January 11, 2021). "How Parler, a Chosen App of Trump Fans, Became a Test of Free Speech". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Chappell, Bill (January 11, 2021). "Parler Sues Amazon, Seeking To Restore Web Service". NPR. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Adi Robertson, Judge refuses to reinstate Parler’s Amazon account: Ruling calls Parler’s antitrust evidence ‘dwindlingly slight’, The Verge (January 21, 2021).
- ^ "New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio: "Goodbye to the Trump organization" – YouTube". www.youtube.com. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Emma Whitford, Lehigh, Wagner Revoke Trump's Honorary Degrees Archived January 15, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Inside Higher Ed (January 11, 2021).
- ^ Michael T. Nietzel, Liberty Is Now The Only University To Not Rescind Donald Trump's Honorary Degrees Archived January 24, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, Forbes (January 9, 2021).
- ^ "The Latest: Trump faces loss of Screen Actors Guild card". Associated Press. January 19, 2021. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|authors=
ignored (help) - ^ Sandra Gonzalez, Donald Trump is no longer part of SAG-AFTRA, CNN (February 4, 2021).
- ^ MacFarquhar, Neil (March 2, 2021). "Far-Right Groups Are Splintering in Wake of the Capitol Riot" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ Kevin Miller (January 13, 2021), Here Are the U.S. Companies Hitting Pause on Political Donations, archived from the original on January 11, 2021, retrieved January 14, 2021 (updated)
- ^ "Tech Giants Join Corporate Reckoning Over Political Spending". Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Raju, Manu (January 9, 2021). "Members of Congress to get increased security while traveling through airports". CNN. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ Wagner, Meg; Macaya, Melissa; Hayes, Mike; Mahtani, Melissa (January 13, 2021). "TSA increases security measures on DC flights, including some second ID checks". CNN. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Katkov, Mark (January 7, 2021). "Army Sec. Says A 'Non-Scalable' 7-Foot Fence Is Going Up Around U.S. Capitol". NPR. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ a b Fuller, Matt (January 11, 2021). "House Democrats Briefed On 3 Terrifying Plots To Overthrow Government". HuffPost. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
- ^ Grayer, Annie; Wilson, Kristin (February 2, 2021). "House approves new fines for members who don't complete security screening before entering floor". CNN. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Wilson, Kristin; Grayer, Annie (February 5, 2021). "Two House Republicans fined $5,000 each for not completing security screening to enter House floor". CNN. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Metro to close 13 stations for a week amid threats of inauguration violence". Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "The Latest: Pelosi taps retired Army general for review". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ "'Not Taking Any Chances': 25K National Guard in DC on Eve of Inauguration Day". NBC4 Washington. January 19, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Sisk, Richard (January 9, 2021). "National Guard Troops Deploying to DC Will Come With Lethal Weapons". Military.com. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
- ^ "20,000 national guard with lethal weapons being deployed in Washington DC". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. January 14, 2021. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Sands, Geneva (January 11, 2021). "Law enforcement braces for more extremist violence in DC and around the US ahead of Inauguration Day". CNN. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Long, Colleen; Balsamo, Michael; Kunzelman, Michael (January 11, 2021). "FBI warns of plans for nationwide armed protests next week". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Cohen, Zachary; Wild, Whitney. "FBI warns 'armed protests' being planned at all 50 state capitols and in Washington DC". CNN. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ Long, Colleen; Balsamo, Michael; Kunzelman, Michael (January 11, 2021). "FBI warns of plans for nationwide armed protests next week". The Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
- ^ "Fact check: No evidence to support QAnon claims of mass arrests, military takeover, illegitimacy of Biden's presidency or Trump's return to power". Reuters. January 22, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ a b Kelleher, Suzanne Rowan (February 6, 2021). "Trump's DC Hotel Is Jacking Up Rates For QAnon's Next Special Date". Forbes. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ a b Collins, Ben; Zadrozny, Brandy (March 2, 2021). "D.C. police, FBI on alert ahead of QAnon's 'true Inauguration Day'". NBC News. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ Cohen, Zachary; Kaufman, Ellie (February 17, 2021). "Nearly 5,000 National Guard troops to remain in Washington through mid-March due to concerns about QAnon chatter". CNN. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Balsamo, Michael (March 3, 2021). "Police uncover 'possible plot' by militia to breach Capitol". Associated Press. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
- ^ a b Ainsley, Julia (March 3, 2021). "Extremists discussed plans to 'remove Democratic lawmakers': FBI-Homeland Security bulletin". NBC News. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
- ^ Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Rosenberg, Matthew (March 3, 2021). "Capitol Police Warn of Threat on Thursday, and House Cancels the Day's Session". The New York Times. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
- ^ Jansen, Bart (March 4, 2021). "March 4 put Capitol on alert: Nancy Pelosi calls out QAnon conspiracy 'silliness'". USA Today. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
- ^ Czachor, Emily (March 4, 2021). "QAnon Theorists Switch Date to March 20 After No Trump Inauguration, Call the 4th 'False Flag'". Newsweek. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
- ^ Nguyen, Tina (March 7, 2021). "'It is a trap!': Inside the QAnon attack that never happened". Politico. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
- ^ Sommerlad, Joe (March 19, 2021). "What next for QAnon if its latest deadline for Donald Trump's heroic return proves another disappointment?". The Independent. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Brown, Alleen; Lacy, Akela (January 12, 2021). "In Wake of Capitol Riot, GOP Legislatures 'Rebrand' Old Anti-BLM Protest Laws". The Intercept. Retrieved February 10, 2021.