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Vaishali district

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Vaishali district
District of Bihar
Stupa in Vaishali
Stupa in Vaishali
Country India
StateBihar
RegionMithila
DivisionTirhut
Established10 December 1972
HeadquartersHajipur[1]
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesHajipur, Vaishali
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesHajipur (123), Lalganj, Vaishali, Mahua, Raja Pakar, Raghopur, Mahnar, Patepur
Area
 • Total2,036 km2 (786 sq mi)
Elevation
51 m (167 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total3,495,021
 • Density1,700/km2 (4,400/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy66.60%
 • Sex ratio1.895 ♂/♀
Language
 • OfficialMaithili[2]
 • Additional officialEnglish[2]
 • Regional LanguagesMaithili and Bajjika-Maithili
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 22, NH 31, NH 322
HDI (2016)Increase 0.407[3]
WebsiteOfficial website

Vaishali district is a district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is a part of Tirhut division.[4]Vaishali popularly known for the birth place of Lord Mahavir of Jain religion. Vaishali is also known for the World's first democratic republic from ancient time. Hajipur is the district headquarter popularly known for Banana forest. District having well connectivity with NH-77 and NH-322 connecting state Capital Patna , division headquarter Muzaffarpur and eastward District samastipur.

History

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901737,793—    
1911761,720+0.32%
1921737,475−0.32%
1931787,287+0.66%
1941868,565+0.99%
1951942,472+0.82%
19611,133,086+1.86%
19711,348,990+1.76%
19811,662,527+2.11%
19912,146,065+2.59%
20012,718,421+2.39%
20113,495,021+2.54%
source:[5]

Ancient Vaishali

Main article: Vaishali (ancient city)

Vaishali derives its name from King Vishal. Even before the advent of Buddhism and Jainism, Vaishali was the capital of the vibrant Vajji confederation, since before the birth of Mahavira (c. 599 BC), which suggests that it was the first republic in the world, similar to those later found in ancient Greece.[6] In that period, Vaishali was an ancient metropolis and the capital city of the republic of the Vajji confederation of Mithila, which covered most of the Himalayan Gangetic region of present-day Bihar.

Post-Independence

Vaishali became a district when it was split from Muzaffarpur in 1972.[7]

Geography

Vaishali district occupies an area of 2,036 square kilometres (786 sq mi),[8]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Vaishali one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[9] It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[9]

Demographics

Religions in Vaishali district (2011)[10]
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 90.20%
Muslims
 
 9.56%
Other or not Stated
 
 0.24%

According to the 2011 census Vaishali district has a population of 3,495,021,[11] roughly equal to the nation of Panama[12] or the US state of Connecticut.[13] This gives it a ranking of 86th in India (out of a total of 640).[11] The district has a population density of 1,717 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,450/sq mi) .[11] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.58%.[11] Vaishali has a sex ratio of 892 females for every 1000 males,[11] and a literacy rate of 66.60%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.12% and 0.07% of the population respectively.[11]

Languages

<div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;

Languages of Vaishali district (2011)

  Bajjika (69.88%)
  Hindi (25.10%)
  Urdu (4.80%)
  Others (0.22%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 95.09% of the population in the district spoke Hindi and 4.80% Urdu as their first language. 69.88% of the population recorded their language as 'Others' under Hindi, while Hindi itself was only reported by 25.10%. The dialect of the region is Bajjika, variously regarded as a dialect of Maithili or a closely-related language.[14]

Flora and fauna

In 1997 Vaishali district became home to the Barela Salim Ali Zubba Saheni Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 2 km2 (0.8 sq mi).[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ "District headquarter of Vaishali". Archived from the original on 17 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021. vaishali.nic.in
  2. ^ a b "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. ^ "Development of Human Development Index at District Level for EAG States" (PDF). March 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  4. ^ Official website of Tirhut Division Archived 2015-03-16 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  6. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 December 2008. Retrieved 1 December 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ Law, Gwillim (25 September 2011). "Districts of India". Statoids. Archived from the original on 17 October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
  8. ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  9. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  10. ^ "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue". censusindia.gov.in.
  11. ^ a b c d e f "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  12. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Panama 3,460,462 July 2011 est.
  13. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Connecticut 3,574,097
  14. ^ "2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue". Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  15. ^ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.

History

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901737,793—    
1911761,720+0.32%
1921737,475−0.32%
1931787,287+0.66%
1941868,565+0.99%
1951942,472+0.82%
19611,133,086+1.86%
19711,348,990+1.76%
19811,662,527+2.11%
19912,146,065+2.59%
20012,718,421+2.39%
20113,495,021+2.54%
source:[1]

Ancient Vaishali

Main article: Vaishali (ancient city)

Vaishali derives its name from King Vishal. Even before the advent of Buddhism and Jainism, Vaishali was the capital of the vibrant Vajjika League, since before the birth of Mahavira (c. 599 BC), which suggests that it was the first republic in the world, similar to those later found in ancient Greece.[2] In that period, Vaishali was an ancient metropolis and the capital city of the republic of the Vajjika League of Mithila, which covered most of the Himalayan Gangetic region of present-day Bihar.

Post-Independence

Vaishali became a district when it was split from Muzaffarpur in 1972.[3]

Geography

Vaishali district occupies an area of 2,036 square kilometres (786 sq mi).[4] Vaishali share the border with Saran in west, samastipur in east, muzaffarpur in North and patna in south. The south and west border done by Holy Ganga and Gandak river. Most of the area is contributed by agricultural land.

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Vaishali one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[5] It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[5]

Demographics

Religions in Vaishali district (2011)[6]
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 90.20%
Muslims
 
 9.56%
Other or not Stated
 
 0.24%

According to the 2011 census Vaishali district has a population of 3,495,021,[7] roughly equal to the nation of Panama[8] or the US state of Connecticut.[9] This gives it a ranking of 86th in India (out of a total of 640).[7] The district has a population density of 1,717 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,450/sq mi) .[7] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.58%.[7] Vaishali has a sex ratio of 892 females for every 1000 males,[7] and a literacy rate of 66.60%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.12% and 0.07% of the population respectively.[7]

Languages

<div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;

Languages of Vaishali district (2011)[10]

  Bajjika (69.89%)
  Hindi (23.10%)
  Urdu (4.8%)
  Others inc Magahi, Bhojpuri, Angika (2.22%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 95.09% of the population in the district spoke Hindi and 4.80% Urdu as their first language. 69.89% of the population recorded their language as Bajjika, while Hindi itself was only reported by 23.10%. The dialect of the region is Bajjika, variously regarded as a dialect of Hindi or a closely-related language.[10]

Flora and fauna

In 1997 Vaishali district became home to the Barela Salim Ali Zubba Saheni Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 2 km2 (0.8 sq mi).[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 December 2008. Retrieved 1 December 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ Law, Gwillim (25 September 2011). "Districts of India". Statoids. Archived from the original on 17 October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
  4. ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti; et al., eds. (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  5. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  6. ^ "Population by Religious Community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
  7. ^ a b c d e f "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  8. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Panama 3,460,462 July 2011 est.
  9. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Connecticut 3,574,097
  10. ^ a b "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue". censusindia.gov.in.
  11. ^ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
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