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1946 United States House of Representatives elections

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United States House of Representatives elections, 1946

← 1944 November 5, 1946[1] 1948 →

All 435 seats to the United States House of Representatives
218 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Joseph Martin Sam Rayburn
Party Republican Democratic
Leader's seat Massachusetts-14th Texas-4th
Last election 191 seats 242 seats
Seats won 246 188
Seat change Increase 55 Decrease 54
Popular vote 18,422,363 15,491,113
Percentage 53.5% 45.0%
Swing Increase 6.4% Decrease 6.8%

  Third party
 
Party American Labor
Last election 1 seat
Seats won 1
Seat change Steady
Popular vote 196,866
Percentage 0.6%
Swing Increase 0.3%

Speaker before election

Sam Rayburn
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Joseph Martin
Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 80th United States Congress took place in 1946. These midterm elections occurred 19 months after President Harry S. Truman assumed office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Truman was Vice President under President Franklin D. Roosevelt and was thrust into the presidency following Roosevelt's death. Truman did not garner the same support as the deceased president. Democrats had controlled Congress since 1931, for 16 years, and Roosevelt had been elected to a record four terms in office. The 1946 election resulted in Republicans picking up 55 seats to win majority control. Joseph William Martin, Jr., Republican of Massachusetts, became Speaker of the House, exchanging places with Sam Rayburn, Democrat of Texas, who became the new Minority Leader. The Democratic defeat was the largest since they were trounced in the 1928 pro-Republican wave that brought Herbert Hoover to power.

The vote was largely seen as a referendum on Truman, whose approval rating had sunk to 32 percent[2] over the president's controversial handling of a wave of post-war labor strikes, including a United Auto Workers strike against Ford and General Motors in 1945, a United Mine Workers strike starting in April 1946, and a national railroad worker strike that began in May. Further, the back-and-forth over whether to end unpopular wartime price controls to handle shortages, particularly in meat and other foodstuffs. While Truman's early months in the White House had been plagued with questions of "What would Roosevelt do if he were alive?" Republicans now began to joke "What would Truman do if he were alive?" and "To err is Truman."[3] The Republican majority was short-lived however, with Democrats winning control of the House two years later.

This election included the addition of two future U.S. Presidents in John F. Kennedy (D-Massachusetts) and Richard M. Nixon (R-California).

Overall results

246 1 188
Republican AL Democratic
Party Total
seats
Change Seat
percentage
Popular
vote
Vote
percentage
Republican Party 246 Increase 55 56.5% 18,422,363 53.5%
Democratic Party 188 Decrease 54 43.2% 15,491,113 45.0%
American Labor Party 1 Steady 0.2% 196,866 0.6%
Independent 0 Steady 0.0% 77,425 0.2%
Liberal Party 0 Steady 0.0% 61,111 0.2%
Prohibition Party 0 Steady 0.0% 47,792 0.1%
Socialist Party 0 Steady 0.0% 38,307 0.1%
J. Veterans Party 0 Steady 0.0% 9,791 <0.1%
U. Citizens Party 0 Steady 0.0% 5,688 <0.1%
Communist Party 0 Steady 0.0% 3,408 <0.1%
Independent Voters Party 0 Steady 0.0% 2,834 <0.1%
Veterans' Victory Party 0 Steady 0.0% 2,208 <0.1%
Socialist Workers Party 0 Steady 0.0% 1,936 <0.1%
Justice, Decency, Independence Party 0 Steady 0.0% 1,865 <0.1%
Socialist Labor Party 0 Steady 0.0% 980 <0.1%
Constitutional Government Party 0 Steady 0.0% 890 <0.1%
No Foreign Loans Party 0 Steady 0.0% 396 <0.1%
Workers Party 0 Steady 0.0% 165 <0.1%
Progressive Party 0 Steady 0.0% 141 <0.1%
$250 State Bonds Party 0 Steady 0.0% 115 <0.1%
Others 0 Decrease 1 0.0% 44,930 0.1%
Totals 435 Steady 100.0% 34,410,324 100.0%

Source: Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk

Popular vote
Republican
53.54%
Democratic
45.02%
American Labor
0.57%
Others
0.87%
House seats
Republican
56.55%
Democratic
43.22%
American Labor
0.23%
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% to 100% Democratic
  80+% to 100% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican
  6+ Republican gain
  6+ Democratic gain
  3-5 Republican gain
  3-5 Democratic gain
  1-2 Republican gain
  1-2 Democratic gain
  no net change

Special elections during the 79th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1946 or before January 3, 1947; ordered by election date, then by district.

District Incumbent Results Candidates
Member Party Electoral history
Oregon 1 James W. Mott Republican 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent died November 12, 1945.
New member elected January 18, 1946.
Republican hold.
Winner subsequently won re-election in November, see below.
A. Walter Norblad (Republican) 67.28%[4]
Bruce Spalding (Democratic) 32.72%
North Carolina 10 Joseph Wilson Ervin Democratic 1944 Incumbent died December 25, 1945.
New member elected January 22, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently won re-election in November, see below.
Sam Ervin (Democratic) 99.3%
Scattering (Write-in) 0.4%
W.H. Barkley (Republican) 0.3%
Virginia 6 Clifton A. Woodrum Democratic 1922, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned December 31, 1945, to become president of the American Plant Food Council.
New member elected January 22, 1946.
Democratic hold.
J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. (Democratic)
Georgia 5 Robert Ramspeck Democratic 1929 (Special), 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned December 31, 1945.
New member elected February 12, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently lost renomination in November, see below.
Helen Douglas Mankin (Democratic) 36.17%[5]
Thomas L. Camp (Democratic) 33.58%
Ben T. Huiet (Democratic) 8.90%
J. E. B. Stewart (Democratic) 8.57%
J. Verlyn Booth (Democratic) 3.46%
Joe Allen (Democratic) 2.75%
New York 19 Samuel Dickstein Democratic 1922, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned December 30, 1945.
New member elected February 19, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently won re-election in November, see below.
Arthur George Klein (Democratic) 49.5%
Johannes Steel (American Labor) 38.2%
William S. Shea (Republican) 12.3%
Pennsylvania 23 J. Buell Snyder Democratic 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent died February 24, 1946.
New member elected May 21, 1946.
Republican gain.
Winner subsequently retired, see below.
Carl Henry Hoffman (Republican) 52.6%
Marian Snyder (Democratic) 47.4%
Pennsylvania 33 Samuel A. Weiss Democratic 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned January 7, 1946 to become judge of the Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas.
New member elected May 21, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently won re-election in November, see below.
Frank Buchanan (Democratic) 59.5%
John R. Brown 40.5%
North Carolina 8 William O. Burgin Democratic 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent died April 11, 1946.
New member elected May 25, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently retired, see below.
Eliza Jane Pratt (Democratic) 79.5%
H. Frank Hulin (Republican) 20.5%


Texas 6 Luther Johnson Democratic 1922, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned July 17, 1946, after becoming judge of the United States Tax Court.
New member elected August 24, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently won re-election in November, see below.
Olin E. Teague (Democratic)
[data missing]
Puerto Rico at-large Jesús T. Piñero Popular Democratic 1944 Incumbent resigned September 2, 1946 to become Governor of Puerto Rico..
New member elected September 11, 1946.
Popular Democratic hold.
Winner subsequently won re-election in November, see below.
Antonio Fernós-Isern (Popular Democratic)
[data missing]
Pennsylvania 10 John W. Murphy Democratic 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned July 17, 1946, to become judge of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania.
New member elected November 5, 1946.
Republican gain.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.
James Scoblick (Republican)
[data missing]
Virginia 5 Thomas G. Burch Democratic 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned May 31, 1946, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate.
New member elected November 5, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.
Thomas Stanley (Democratic)
[data missing]
Virginia 7 Absalom Robertson Democratic 1932, 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1942, 1944 Incumbent resigned November 5, 1946, after being elected to the U.S. Senate.
New member elected November 5, 1946.
Democratic hold.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.
Burr Harrison (Democratic)
[data missing]

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1947; grouped by state and ordered by district.

District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Alabama 1 Frank W. Boykin Democratic 1935 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Frank W. Boykin (Democratic)
Unopposed
Alabama 2 George M. Grant Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. George M. Grant (Democratic)
Unopposed
Alabama 3 George W. Andrews Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. George W. Andrews (Democratic)
Unopposed
Alabama 4 Sam Hobbs Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Sam Hobbs (Democratic) 88.1%
Roger S. Bingham (Republican) 11.9%
Alabama 5 Albert Rains Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Albert Rains (Democratic)
Unopposed
Alabama 6 Pete Jarman Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Pete Jarman (Democratic)
Unopposed
Alabama 7 Carter Manasco Democratic 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Carter Manasco (Democratic) 72.7%
M. H. Woodward (Republican) 27.3%
Alabama 8 John Sparkman Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected.
Elected simultaneously to U.S. Senate.
John Sparkman (Democratic) 92.4%
Arthur South (Republican) 7.6%
Alabama 9 Luther Patrick Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Laurie C. Battle (Democratic) 94.1%
J. G. Bass (Republican) 5.9%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Arizona at-large John R. Murdock Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. John R. Murdock (Democratic) 33.9%
Richard F. Harless (Democratic) 32.5%
Denver C. Henson (Republican) 16.8%
John H. Curnutte (Republican) 16.4%
Karl M. Wilson (Communist) 0.4%
Arizona at-large Richard F. Harless Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected.
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Arkansas 1 Ezekiel C. Gathings Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Ezekiel C. Gathings (Democratic)
Unopposed
Arkansas 2 Wilbur Mills Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Wilbur Mills (Democratic)
Unopposed
Arkansas 3 James William Trimble Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. James William Trimble (Democratic)
Unopposed
Arkansas 4 William Fadjo Cravens Democratic 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. William Fadjo Cravens (Democratic)
Unopposed
Arkansas 5 Brooks Hays Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Brooks Hays (Democratic) 85.2%
James R. Harris (Republican) 11.3%
Earl C. Sowder (Independent Republican) 3.5%
Arkansas 6 William F. Norrell Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. William F. Norrell (Democratic) 84.7%
M. O. Evans (Independent) 15.3%
Arkansas 7 Oren Harris Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Oren Harris (Democratic)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
California 1 Clarence F. Lea Democratic 1916 Incumbent re-elected. Clarence F. Lea (Democratic)
Unopposed
California 2 Clair Engle Democratic 1943 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Clair Engle (Democratic)
Unopposed
California 3 J. Leroy Johnson Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. J. Leroy Johnson (Republican)
Unopposed
California 4 Franck R. Havenner Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Franck R. Havenner (Democratic) 52.9%
Truman R. Young (Republican) 47.1%
California 5 Richard J. Welch Republican 1926 Incumbent re-elected. Richard J. Welch (Republican)
Unopposed
California 6 George Paul Miller Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. George Paul Miller (Democratic)
Unopposed
California 7 John H. Tolan Democratic 1934 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
John J. Allen, Jr. (Republican) 56.2%
Patrick W. McDonough (Democratic) 43.8%
California 8 Jack Z. Anderson Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Jack Z. Anderson (Republican)
Unopposed
California 9 Bertrand W. Gearhart Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Bertrand W. Gearhart (Republican) 53.7%
Hubert Phillips (Democratic) 46.3%
California 10 Alfred J. Elliott Democratic 1937 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Alfred J. Elliott (Democratic)
Unopposed
California 11 George E. Outland Democratic 1942 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Ernest K. Bramblett (Republican) 53.1%
George E. Outland (Democratic) 46.9%
California 12 Jerry Voorhis Democratic 1936 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Richard Nixon (Republican) 56.0%
Jerry Voorhis (Democratic) 42.7%
John Henry Hoeppel (Prohibition) 1.3%
California 13 Ned R. Healy Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Norris Poulson (Republican) 51.8%
Ned R. Healy (Democratic) 48.2%
California 14 Helen Gahagan Douglas Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Helen Gahagan Douglas (Democratic) 54.4%
Frederick M. Roberts (Republican) 45.6%
California 15 Gordon L. McDonough Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Gordon L. McDonough (Republican)
Unopposed
California 16 Ellis E. Patterson Democratic 1944 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Donald L. Jackson (Republican) 53.9%
Harold Harby (Democratic) 31.7%
Ellis E. Patterson (Write-in) 14.4%
California 17 Cecil R. King Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Cecil R. King (Democratic)
Unopposed
California 18 Clyde Doyle Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Willis W. Bradley (Republican) 52.8%
Clyde Doyle (Democratic) 47.2%
California 19 Chet Holifield Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Chet Holifield (Democratic) 97.6%
Marshall J. Morrill (Write-in) 2.4%
California 20 John Carl Hinshaw Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. John Carl Hinshaw (Republican) 59.3%
Everett G. Burkhalter (Democratic) 40.7%
California 21 Harry R. Sheppard Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Harry R. Sheppard (Democratic) 52.7%
Lowell E. Lathrop (Republican) 47.3%
California 22 John J. Phillips Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. John J. Phillips (Republican) 62.1%
Ray Adkinson (Democratic) 37.9%
California 23 Edouard Izac Democratic 1936 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Charles K. Fletcher (Republican) 56.3%
Edouard Izac (Democratic) 43.7%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Colorado 1 Dean M. Gillespie Republican 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
John Albert Carroll (Democratic) 51.8%
Dean M. Gillespie (Republican) 47.7%
Edgar P. Sherman (Socialist) 0.6%
Colorado 2 William S. Hill Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. William S. Hill (Republican) 65.7%
Frank A. Safranek (Democratic) 32.9%
Benjamin E. O'Brien (Independent) 0.9%
William E. Randall (Socialist) 0.6%
Colorado 3 John Chenoweth Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. John Chenoweth (Republican) 54.6%
Walter W. Johnson (Democratic) 45.4%
Colorado 4 Robert F. Rockwell Republican 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Robert F. Rockwell (Republican) 58.7%
Thomas Matthews (Democratic) 41.3%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Connecticut 1 Herman P. Kopplemann Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
William J. Miller (Republican) 53.1%
Herman P. Kopplemann (Democratic) 46.9%
Connecticut 2 Chase G. Woodhouse Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Horace Seely-Brown, Jr. (Republican) 55.3%
Chase G. Woodhouse (Democratic) 44.7%
Connecticut 3 James P. Geelan Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Ellsworth B. Foote (Republican) 58.9%
James P. Geelan (Democratic) 41.1%
Connecticut 4 Clare Boothe Luce Republican 1942 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
John Davis Lodge (Republican) 57.1%
Henry A. Mucci (Democratic) 35.4%
Stanley W. Mayhew (Socialist) 5.8%
William W. Sullivan (Independent) 1.7%
Connecticut 5 Joseph E. Talbot Republican 1942 Incumbent retired to run for Governor.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
James T. Patterson (Republican) 53.1%
Thomas Radzevich (Democratic) 40.8%
John C. Cluney (Socialist) 6.0%
John C. Cluney (Good Government) 0.1%
Connecticut at-large Joseph F. Ryter Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Antoni N. Sadlak (Republican) 55.6%
Joseph F. Ryter (Democratic) 40.9%
Raymond C. Smith (Socialist) 3.3%
Michael A. Russo (Communist) 0.2%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Delaware at-large Philip A. Traynor Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
J. Caleb Boggs (Republican) 56.4%
Philip A. Traynor (Democratic) 43.6%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Florida 1 J. Hardin Peterson Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. J. Hardin Peterson (Democratic)
Unopposed
Florida 2 Emory H. Price Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Emory H. Price (Democratic)
Unopposed
Florida 3 Robert L. F. Sikes Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Robert L. F. Sikes (Democratic)
Unopposed
Florida 4 Pat Cannon Democratic 1938 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
George Smathers (Democratic) 71.9%
Norman N. Curtis (Republican) 28.1%
Florida 5 Joe Hendricks Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Joe Hendricks (Democratic) 61.3%
M. J. Moss, Jr. (Republican) 38.7%
Florida 6 Dwight L. Rogers Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Dwight L. Rogers (Democratic) 71.1%
Joseph P. Moe (Republican) 28.9%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Georgia 1 Hugh Peterson Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Prince Hulon Preston, Jr. (Democratic) 99.9%
H. W. Sheppard (Independent) 0.1%
Georgia 2 Edward E. Cox Democratic 1924 Incumbent re-elected. Edward E. Cox (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 3 Stephen Pace Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Stephen Pace (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 4 Albert Sidney Camp Democratic 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Albert Sidney Camp (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 5 Helen Douglas Mankin Democratic February 12, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent lost renomination and then re-election as an Independent.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
James C. Davis (Democratic) 61.7%
Helen Douglas Mankin (Independent) 38.3%
Henry A. Alexander (Independent) 0.05%
Georgia 6 Carl Vinson Democratic 1914 Incumbent re-elected. Carl Vinson (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 7 Malcolm C. Tarver Democratic 1926 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Henderson Lovelace Lanham (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 8 John S. Gibson Democratic 1940 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
William M. Wheeler (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 9 John Stephens Wood Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. John Stephens Wood (Democratic)
Unopposed
Georgia 10 Paul Brown Democratic 1933 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Paul Brown (Democratic)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Idaho 1 Compton I. White Democratic 1932 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Abe Goff (Republican) 50.6%
Compton I. White (Democratic) 49.4%
Idaho 2 Henry C. Dworshak Republican 1938 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
John C. Sanborn (Republican) 60.7%
Pete Leguineche (Democratic) 39.3%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Illinois 1 William L. Dawson Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. William L. Dawson (Democratic) 56.8%
William E. King (Republican) 43.2%
Illinois 2 William A. Rowan Democratic 1942 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Richard B. Vail (Republican) 51.3%
William A. Rowan (Democratic) 48.7%
Illinois 3 Edward A. Kelly Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Fred E. Busbey (Republican) 57.2%
Edward A. Kelly (Democratic) 42.8%
Illinois 4 Martin Gorski Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Martin Gorski (Democratic) 70.7%
John T. Parsons (Republican) 29.3%
Illinois 5 Adolph J. Sabath Democratic 1906 Incumbent re-elected. Adolph J. Sabath (Democratic) 71.6%
Michael A. Francisco (Republican) 28.4%
Illinois 6 Thomas J. O'Brien Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas J. O'Brien (Democratic) 52.0%
Harold C. Woodward (Republican) 48.0%
Illinois 7 William W. Link Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Thomas L. Owens (Republican) 55.0%
William W. Link (Democratic) 45.0%
Illinois 8 Thomas S. Gordon Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas S. Gordon (Democratic) 77.3%
Scott John Vitell (Republican) 22.7%
Illinois 9 Alexander J. Resa Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Robert J. Twyman (Republican) 51.3%
Alexander J. Resa (Democratic) 48.7%
Illinois 10 Ralph E. Church Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Ralph E. Church (Republican) 64.7%
Harold H. Kolbe (Democratic) 35.3%
Illinois 11 Chauncey W. Reed Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Chauncey W. Reed (Republican) 74.9%
Louis William Oswald (Democratic) 25.1%
Illinois 12 Noah M. Mason Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Noah M. Mason (Republican) 69.1%
Richard G. Myrland (Democratic) 30.9%
Illinois 13 Leo E. Allen Republican 1932 Incumbent re-elected. Leo E. Allen (Republican) 77.8%
Michael M. Kinney (Democratic) 22.2%
Illinois 14 Anton J. Johnson Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Anton J. Johnson (Republican) 62.1%
Carl E. Wright, Jr. (Democratic) 37.9%
Illinois 15 Robert B. Chiperfield Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Robert B. Chiperfield (Republican) 64.3%
Henry D. Sullivan (Democratic) 35.7%
Illinois 16 Everett Dirksen Republican 1932 Incumbent re-elected. Everett Dirksen (Republican) 67.5%
Hans A. Spading (Democratic) 32.5%
Illinois 17 Leslie C. Arends Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Leslie C. Arends (Republican) 71.2%
Carl Vrooman (Democratic) 28.8%
Illinois 18 Jessie Sumner Republican 1938 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Edward H. Jenison (Republican) 65.1%
C. E. Spang (Democratic) 34.9%
Illinois 19 Rolla C. McMillen Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Rolla C. McMillen (Republican) 62.5%
Olive Remington Goldman (Democratic) 37.5%
Illinois 20 Sid Simpson Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Sid Simpson (Republican) 58.8%
Don Irving (Democratic) 41.2%
Illinois 21 George Evan Howell Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. George Evan Howell (Republican) 55.1%
Roscoe Bonjean (Democratic) 44.9%
Illinois 22 Melvin Price Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Melvin Price (Democratic) 50.7%
Calvin D. Johnson (Republican) 49.3%
Illinois 23 Charles W. Vursell Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Charles W. Vursell (Republican) 54.9%
Homer Kasserman (Democratic) 45.1%
Illinois 24 Roy Clippinger Republican 1945 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Roy Clippinger (Republican) 58.9%
Edward Hines (Democratic) 41.1%
Illinois 25 C. W. Bishop Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. C. W. Bishop (Republican) 59.8%
Sherman S. Carr (Democratic) 40.2%
Illinois at-large Emily T. Douglas Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
William Stratton (Republican) 55.1%
Emily T. Douglas (Democratic) 44.5%
Elizabeth Stephens Carr (Prohibition) 0.4%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Indiana 1 Ray J. Madden Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Ray J. Madden (Democratic) 51.9%
Charles W. Gannon (Republican) 46.8%
Hubert F. Jackson (Prohibition) 0.8%
Harvey E. Taylor (Socialist Labor) 0.5%
Indiana 2 Charles A. Halleck Republican 1935 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Charles A. Halleck (Republican) 61.3%
Margaret A. Afflis (Democratic) 37.7%
F. W. Lowe (Prohibition) 1.0%
Indiana 3 Robert A. Grant Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Robert A. Grant (Republican) 55.6%
John S. Gonas (Democratic) 43.6%
William Oesch (Prohibition) 0.8%
Indiana 4 George W. Gillie Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. George W. Gillie (Republican) 59.4%
Walter E. Frederick (Democratic) 39.5%
George W. Holston (Prohibition) 1.1%
Indiana 5 Forest A. Harness Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Forest A. Harness (Republican) 55.0%
William W. Welsh (Democratic) 42.3%
A. W. Snyder (Prohibition) 2.6%
Indiana 6 Noble J. Johnson Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Noble J. Johnson (Republican) 57.4%
Thomas A. Sigler (Democratic) 41.7%
John R. Sheets (Prohibition) 0.9%
Indiana 7 Gerald W. Landis Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Gerald W. Landis (Republican) 50.6%
James E. Noland (Democratic) 47.7%
Robert Gemmer (Prohibition) 1.7%
Indiana 8 Charles M. La Follette Republican 1942 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
E. A. Mitchell (Republican) 51.8%
Winfield K. Denton (Democratic) 47.3%
C. Dana Malpass (Prohibition) 0.9%
Indiana 9 Earl Wilson Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Earl Wilson (Republican) 55.8%
Oliver O. Dixon (Democratic) 43.3%
Garnet Jewell (Prohibition) 0.9%
Indiana 10 Raymond S. Springer Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Raymond S. Springer (Republican) 59.3%
Frank C. Unger (Democratic) 37.4%
Carl W. Thompson (Prohibition) 3.3%
Indiana 11 Louis Ludlow Democratic 1928 Incumbent re-elected. Louis Ludlow (Democratic) 51.1%
Albert J. Beveridge (Republican) 48.3%
Marion Gatlin (Prohibition) 0.6%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Iowa 1 Thomas E. Martin Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas E. Martin (Republican) 61.5%
Clair A. Williams (Democratic) 38.5%
Iowa 2 Henry O. Talle Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Henry O. Talle (Republican) 59.1%
Richard V. Bernhart (Democratic) 40.9%
Iowa 3 John W. Gwynne Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. John W. Gwynne (Republican) 62.0%
Dan J. P. Ryan (Democratic) 38.0%
Iowa 4 Karl M. Le Compte Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Karl M. Le Compte (Republican) 58.4%
A. E. Augustine (Democratic) 41.6%
Iowa 5 Paul Cunningham Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Paul Cunningham (Republican) 59.4%
Vince L. Browner (Democratic) 40.6%
Iowa 6 James I. Dolliver Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. James I. Dolliver (Republican) 63.4%
Oscar E. Johnson (Democratic) 36.6%
Iowa 7 Ben F. Jensen Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Ben F. Jensen (Republican) 63.0%
Philip A. Allen (Democratic) 37.0%
Iowa 8 Charles B. Hoeven Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Charles B. Hoeven (Republican) 68.6%
George A. Heikens (Democratic) 31.4%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Kansas 1 Albert M. Cole Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Albert M. Cole (Republican) 64.3%
James W. Lowry (Democratic) 35.7%
Kansas 2 Errett P. Scrivner Republican 1943 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Errett P. Scrivner (Republican) 58.8%
Murray H. Hodges (Democratic) 41.2%
Kansas 3 Thomas Daniel Winter Republican 1938 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Herbert Alton Meyer (Republican) 55.3%
Jo E. Gaitskill (Democratic) 44.7%
Kansas 4 Edward Herbert Rees Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Edward Herbert Rees (Republican) 56.2%
William P. Warren (Democratic) 43.8%
Kansas 5 Clifford R. Hope Republican 1926 Incumbent re-elected. Clifford R. Hope (Republican) 62.6%
Arthur L. Sparks (Democratic) 37.4%
Kansas 6 Frank Carlson Republican 1934 Incumbent retired to run for Governor.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Wint Smith (Republican) 58.1%
G. E. Bengtson (Democratic) 37.9%
C. Floyd Hester (Prohibition) 4.0%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Kentucky 1 Noble Jones Gregory Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Noble Jones Gregory (Democratic) 66.2%
William E. Porter (Republican) 33.1%
Joseph S. Freeland (Socialist) 0.7%
Kentucky 2 Earle C. Clements Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Earle C. Clements (Democratic) 56.6%
Thomas W. Hines (Republican) 43.4%
Kentucky 3 Emmet O'Neal Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Thruston Ballard Morton (Republican) 58.1%
Emmet O'Neal (Democratic) 41.9%
Kentucky 4 Frank Chelf Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Frank Chelf (Democratic) 53.1%
Don Victor Drye (Republican) 46.9%
Kentucky 5 Brent Spence Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Brent Spence (Democratic) 51.2%
Marion W. Moore (Republican) 48.8%
Kentucky 6 Virgil Chapman Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Virgil Chapman (Democratic) 55.0%
W. D. Rogers (Republican) 45.0%
Kentucky 7 Andrew J. May Democratic 1930 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
W. Howes Meade (Republican) 59.3%
Andrew J. May (Democratic) 40.7%
Kentucky 8 Joe B. Bates Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Joe B. Bates (Democratic) 52.6%
Ray Schmauch (Republican) 47.4%
Kentucky 9 John M. Robsion Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. John M. Robsion (Republican)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Louisiana 1 F. Edward Hebert Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. F. Edward Hebert (Democratic) 91.8%
Dennison Suarez (Republican) 8.2%
Louisiana 2 Paul H. Maloney Democratic 1942 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Hale Boggs (Democratic) 90.7%
Harold M. Herbst (Republican) 9.3%
Louisiana 3 James R. Domengeaux Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. James R. Domengeaux (Democratic)
Unopposed
Louisiana 4 Overton Brooks Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Overton Brooks (Democratic)
Unopposed
Louisiana 5 Charles E. McKenzie Democratic 1942 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Otto Passman (Democratic)
Unopposed
Louisiana 6 James H. Morrison Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. James H. Morrison (Democratic)
Unopposed
Louisiana 7 Henry D. Larcade, Jr. Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Henry D. Larcade, Jr. (Democratic)
Unopposed
Louisiana 8 A. Leonard Allen Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. A. Leonard Allen (Democratic)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Maine 1 Robert Hale Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Robert Hale (Republican) 59.6%
John C. Fitzgerald (Democratic) 40.4%
Maine 2 Margaret Chase Smith Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Margaret Chase Smith (Republican) 60.7%
Edward J. Beauchamp (Democratic) 39.3%
Maine 3 Frank Fellows Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Frank Fellows (Republican) 72.9%
John M. Coghill (Democratic) 27.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Maryland 1 Dudley Roe Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Edward T. Miller (Republican) 50.9%
Dudley Roe (Democratic) 49.1%
Maryland 2 Harry Streett Baldwin Democratic 1942 Incumbent retired to run for Governor.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Hugh Meade (Democratic) 52.4%
David G. Harry (Republican) 47.6%
Maryland 3 Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr. Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr. (Democratic) 63.9%
Edward N. Kowzan (Republican) 36.1%
Maryland 4 George Hyde Fallon Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. George Hyde Fallon (Democratic) 57.2%
Paul Robertson (Republican) 42.8%
Maryland 5 Lansdale Sasscer Democratic 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Lansdale Sasscer (Democratic) 58.2%
Edwin A. Glenn (Republican) 41.8%
Maryland 6 James Glenn Beall Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. James Glenn Beall (Republican) 58.1%
Arch McDonald (Democratic) 41.9%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Massachusetts 1 John W. Heselton Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. John W. Heselton (Republican) 58.0%
John J. Falvey (Democratic) 39.7%
Chester M. Delf (Prohibition) 2.2%
Massachusetts 2 Charles R. Clason Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Charles R. Clason (Republican) 51.4%
Foster Furcolo (Democratic) 48.6%
Massachusetts 3 Philip Philbin Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Philip Philbin (Democratic) 62.2%
Carroll H. Balcom (Republican) 37.8%
Massachusetts 4 Pehr G. Holmes Republican 1930 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Harold Donohue (Democratic) 49.5%
Pehr G. Holmes (Republican) 48.5%
Oliver M. Frazer (Prohibition) 2.0%
Massachusetts 5 Edith Nourse Rogers Republican 1925 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Edith Nourse Rogers (Republican) 71.6%
Oliver S. Allen (Democratic) 28.0%
Harriet Slade (Prohibition) 0.4%
Massachusetts 6 George J. Bates Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. George J. Bates (Republican) 70.2%
Richard B. O'Keefe (Democratic) 29.8%
Massachusetts 7 Thomas J. Lane Democratic 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Thomas J. Lane (Democratic) 60.7%
Ernest Bentley (Republican) 37.8%
Freeman W. Follett (Prohibition) 1.5%
Massachusetts 8 Angier Goodwin Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Angier Goodwin (Republican) 63.5%
Anthony M. Roche (Democratic) 36.5%
Massachusetts 9 Charles L. Gifford Republican 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Charles L. Gifford (Republican) 60.8%
William McAuliffe (Democratic) 37.8%
Grace Farnsworth Luder (Prohibition) 1.4%
Massachusetts 10 Christian Herter Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Christian Herter (Republican) 64.0%
Paul J. McCarty (Democratic) 36.0%
Massachusetts 11 James Michael Curley Democratic 1942 Incumbent retired to become Mayor of Boston.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
John F. Kennedy (Democratic) 71.9%
Lester W. Bowen (Republican) 27.1%
Philip Geer (Prohibition) 1.1%
Massachusetts 12 John William McCormack Democratic 1928 Incumbent re-elected. John William McCormack (Democratic)
Unopposed
Massachusetts 13 Richard B. Wigglesworth Republican 1928 Incumbent re-elected. Richard B. Wigglesworth (Republican) 67.5%
James J. Goode, Jr. (Democratic) 32.5%
Massachusetts 14 Joseph William Martin, Jr. Republican 1924 Incumbent re-elected. Joseph William Martin, Jr. (Republican) 63.6%
Martha Sharp (Democratic) 36.4%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Michigan 1 George G. Sadowski Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. George G. Sadowski (Democratic) 65.9%
John B. Sosnowski (Republican) 33.4%
Charles L. Dawson (Prohibition) 0.7%
Michigan 2 Earl C. Michener Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Earl C. Michener (Republican) 71.2%
William R. Kelley (Democratic) 28.0%
Clarence DeCan (Prohibition) 0.7%
Robert Cummins (Communist) 0.2%
Michigan 3 Paul W. Shafer Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Paul W. Shafer (Republican) 68.9%
Herschel W. Carney (Democratic) 29.9%
D. D. Gibbons (Prohibition) 1.2%
Michigan 4 Clare E. Hoffman Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Clare E. Hoffman (Republican) 72.4%
Harvey Hope Jarvis (Democratic) 26.5%
Ralph C. March (Prohibition) 1.0%
Michigan 5 Bartel J. Jonkman Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Bartel J. Jonkman (Republican) 71.6%
Earle W. Reynolds (Democratic) 28.4%
Michigan 6 William W. Blackney Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. William W. Blackney (Republican) 57.3%
Arthur Elliott (Democratic) 42.0%
William H. Morford (Prohibition) 0.7%
Michigan 7 Jesse P. Wolcott Republican 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Jesse P. Wolcott (Republican) 74.2%
Earl J. Tallman (Democratic) 25.0%
Harry Wing (Prohibition) 0.7%
Michigan 8 Fred L. Crawford Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Fred L. Crawford (Republican) 72.6%
J. Charles Mottashed (Democratic) 26.4%
H. T. Green (Prohibition) 1.0%
Michigan 9 Albert J. Engel Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Albert J. Engel (Republican) 71.8%
J. Willard Krause (Democratic) 27.6%
Walker M. Jordan (Prohibition) 0.7%
Michigan 10 Roy O. Woodruff Republican 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Roy O. Woodruff (Republican) 71.2%
Herman N. Butler (Democratic) 28.1%
Floyd Seiter (Prohibition) 0.7%
Michigan 11 Frederick Van Ness Bradley Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Frederick Van Ness Bradley (Republican) 65.9%
Cecil W. Bailey (Democratic) 33.9%
Charles Swanson (Prohibition) 0.2%
Michigan 12 Frank Eugene Hook Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
John B. Bennett (Republican) 54.4%
Frank Eugene Hook (Democratic) 45.2%
August Larson (Prohibition) 0.4%
Michigan 13 George D. O'Brien Democratic 1940 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Howard A. Coffin (Republican) 52.8%
George D. O'Brien (Democratic) 46.9%
O. Lon Chaney (Prohibition) 0.3%
Michigan 14 Louis C. Rabaut Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Harold F. Youngblood (Republican) 53.3%
Louis C. Rabaut (Democratic) 46.3%
A. L. Leach (Prohibition) 0.3%
Michigan 15 John D. Dingell, Sr. Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. John D. Dingell, Sr. (Democratic) 51.9%
Harry Henderson (Republican) 47.7%
Selden D. Kelley (Prohibition) 0.4%
Michigan 16 John Lesinski, Sr. Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. John Lesinski, Sr. (Democratic) 51.9%
Albert A. Riddering (Republican) 47.1%
E. A. Johnson (Prohibition) 0.6%
William Allan (Communist) 0.4%
Michigan 17 George A. Dondero Republican 1932 Incumbent re-elected. George A. Dondero (Republican) 64.7%
John W. L. Hicks (Democratic) 34.7%
Don Taylor (Prohibition) 0.5%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Minnesota 1 August H. Andresen Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. August H. Andresen (Republican) 68.4%
Karl F. Rolvaag (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 31.6%
Minnesota 2 Joseph P. O'Hara Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Joseph P. O'Hara (Republican) 76.0%
L. J. Kilbride (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 24.0%
Minnesota 3 William Gallagher Democratic 1944 Incumbent died August 13, 1946.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
George MacKinnon (Republican) 51.5%
Roy W. Wier (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 47.3%
Warren Creel (Independent) 1.2%
Minnesota 4 Frank Starkey Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Edward Devitt (Republican) 51.5%
Frank Starkey (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 47.2%
Dorothy Schultz (Independent) 1.3%
Minnesota 5 Walter Judd Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Walter Judd (Republican) 58.3%
Douglas Hall (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 41.7%
Minnesota 6 Harold Knutson Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Harold Knutson (Republican) 57.4%
J. Edward Anderson (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 42.6%
Minnesota 7 H. Carl Andersen Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. H. Carl Andersen (Republican) 65.4%
Donald M. Lawson (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 34.6%
Minnesota 8 William Alvin Pittenger Republican 1938 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
John Blatnik (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 57.7%
William Alvin Pittenger (Republican) 42.3%
Minnesota 9 Harold Hagen Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Harold Hagen (Republican) 63.9%
Verner Nelson (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 36.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Mississippi 1 John E. Rankin Democratic 1920 Incumbent re-elected. John E. Rankin (Democratic)
Unopposed
Mississippi 2 Jamie L. Whitten Democratic 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Jamie L. Whitten (Democratic)
Unopposed
Mississippi 3 William Madison Whittington Democratic 1924 Incumbent re-elected. William Madison Whittington (Democratic)
Unopposed
Mississippi 4 Thomas Abernethy Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas Abernethy (Democratic)
Unopposed
Mississippi 5 W. Arthur Winstead Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. W. Arthur Winstead (Democratic)
Unopposed
Mississippi 6 William M. Colmer Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. William M. Colmer (Democratic)
Unopposed
Mississippi 7 Dan R. McGehee Democratic 1934 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
John Bell Williams (Democratic)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Missouri 1 Samuel W. Arnold Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Samuel W. Arnold (Republican) 50.3%
Walter G. Stillwell (Democratic) 49.7%
Missouri 2 Max Schwabe Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Max Schwabe (Republican) 51.1%
Will L. Nelson, Jr. (Democratic) 48.9%
Missouri 3 William C. Cole Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. William C. Cole (Republican) 52.8%
William Orr Sawyers (Democratic) 47.2%
Missouri 4 C. Jasper Bell Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. C. Jasper Bell (Democratic) 55.1%
Vernon D. Fulcrut (Republican) 44.8%
Hodges (Socialist) 0.1%
Missouri 5 Roger C. Slaughter Democratic 1942 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Albert L. Reeves, Jr. (Republican) 53.6%
Enos A. Axtell (Democratic) 46.3%
Demaree (Socialist) 0.06%
Missouri 6 Marion Tinsley Bennett Republican 1943 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Marion Tinsley Bennett (Republican) 58.6%
Tom B. Hembree (Democratic) 41.4%
Missouri 7 Dewey Short Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Dewey Short (Republican) 65.4%
Don Ervin (Democratic) 34.6%
Missouri 8 A. S. J. Carnahan Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Parke M. Banta (Republican) 51.1%
A. S. J. Carnahan (Democratic) 48.9%
Missouri 9 Clarence Cannon Democratic 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Clarence Cannon (Democratic) 53.9%
William Barton (Republican) 46.1%
Missouri 10 Orville Zimmerman Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Orville Zimmerman (Democratic) 60.6%
Walter K. Dillon (Republican) 39.4%
Missouri 11 John B. Sullivan Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Claude I. Bakewell (Republican) 50.7%
John B. Sullivan (Democratic) 49.1%
Foster (Prohibition) 0.2%
Anastasoff (Socialist Labor) 0.07%
Missouri 12 Walter C. Ploeser Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Walter C. Ploeser (Republican) 58.2%
Henry W. Simpson (Democratic) 41.8%
Genck (Socialist Labor) 0.06%
Missouri 13 John J. Cochran Democratic 1926 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Frank M. Karsten (Democratic) 54.7%
Alfred L. Grattendick (Republican) 45.2%
Kochendorfer (Socialist Labor) 0.06%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Montana 1 Mike Mansfield Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Mike Mansfield (Democratic) 57.6%
Walter R. Rankin (Republican) 42.4%
Montana 2 Wesley A. D'Ewart Republican 1945 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Wesley A. D'Ewart (Republican) 54.1%
John J. Holmes (Democratic) 45.1%
Edgar M. Spriggs (Socialist) 0.8%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Nebraska 1 Carl T. Curtis Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Carl T. Curtis (Republican) 66.4%
William H. Meier (Democratic) 33.6%
Nebraska 2 Howard Buffett Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Howard Buffett (Republican) 58.3%
Frank A. Jelen (Democratic) 41.7%
Nebraska 3 Karl Stefan Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Karl Stefan (Republican) 72.2%
Hans O. Jensen (Democratic) 22.7%
Paul Burke (Independent) 5.1%
Nebraska 4 Arthur L. Miller Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Arthur L. Miller (Republican) 71.3%
Stanley D. Long (Democratic) 28.7%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Nevada at-large Berkeley L. Bunker Democratic 1944 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Charles H. Russell (Republican) 58.8%
Malcolm McEachin (Democratic) 41.2%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
New Hampshire 1 Chester Earl Merrow Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Chester Earl Merrow (Republican) 59.7%
Josaphet T. Benoit (Democratic) 40.3%
New Hampshire 2 Sherman Adams Republican 1944 Incumbent retired to run for Governor.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Norris Cotton (Republican) 64.9%
Patrick J. Hinchey (Democratic) 35.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
New Jersey 1 Charles A. Wolverton Republican 1926 Incumbent re-elected. Charles A. Wolverton (Republican) 63.5%
George F. Neutze (Democratic) 36.5%
New Jersey 2 T. Millet Hand Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. T. Millet Hand (Republican) 67.1%
Edward T. Keeley (Democratic) 32.9%
New Jersey 3 James C. Auchincloss Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. James C. Auchincloss (Republican) 64.9%
John W. Zimmermann (Democratic) 33.4%
W. Vincent Timberman (Justice) 1.7%
New Jersey 4 Frank A. Mathews, Jr. Republican 1945 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Frank A. Mathews, Jr. (Republican) 52.6%
Charles R. Howell (Democratic) 47.4%
New Jersey 5 Charles A. Eaton Republican 1924 Incumbent re-elected. Charles A. Eaton (Republican) 61.3%
John J. George (Democratic) 38.5%
Charles K. Ely (Prohibition) 0.1%
New Jersey 6 Clifford P. Case Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Clifford P. Case (Republican) 64.7%
Walter H. Van Hoesen (Democratic) 33.0%
Margaret Cameron Lowe (Prohibition) 1.5%
Robert Ensel (Communist) 0.8%
New Jersey 7 J. Parnell Thomas Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. J. Parnell Thomas (Republican) 69.0%
Robert B. Meyner (Democratic) 31.0%
New Jersey 8 Gordon Canfield Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Gordon Canfield (Republican) 70.5%
John V. Breslin (Democratic) 28.2%
Peter J. Toth (No Foreign Loans) 0.5%
Nathan Liss (Communist) 0.5%
Henry T. Lun (Socialist Labor) 0.4%
New Jersey 9 Harry Lancaster Towe Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Harry Lancaster Towe (Republican) 69.1%
John M. Mehler (Democratic) 30.9%
New Jersey 10 Fred A. Hartley, Jr. Republican 1928 Incumbent re-elected. Fred A. Hartley, Jr. (Republican) 52.5%
Peter W. Rodino, Jr. (Democratic) 45.7%
Louise K. Leach (Prohibition) 1.3%
Morton D. Bluestone (Socialist) 0.4%
New Jersey 11 Frank Sundstrom Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Frank Sundstrom (Republican) 60.4%
Robert F. J. McGarry (Democratic) 37.5%
Gertrude L. Riger (Socialist) 1.6%
William E. Bohannon (Socialist Workers) 0.4%
Wesley U. Morris (Prohibition) 0.2%
New Jersey 12 Robert W. Kean Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Robert W. Kean (Republican) 63.6%
Raymond C. Connell (Democratic) 34.7%
Alice Ostrow (Socialist) 1.6%
William H. Farrell (Prohibition) 0.2%
New Jersey 13 Mary Teresa Norton Democratic 1924 Incumbent re-elected. Mary Teresa Norton (Democratic) 64.4%
John A. Jones (Republican) 33.7%
Arlene Phillips (Socialist Workers) 1.5%
Sol Potegol (Communist) 0.3%
William S. Dowd ($250 State Bonds) 0.1%
New Jersey 14 Edward J. Hart Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Edward J. Hart (Democratic) 63.2%
Edward P. Nicolay (Republican) 36.4%
Joseph Fischer (Communist) 0.4%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
New Mexico at-large Antonio M. Fernandez Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Georgia Lee Lusk (Democratic) 26.4%
Antonio M. Fernandez (Democratic) 26.0%
Earl Douglas (Republican) 24.1%
Herman G. Baca (Republican) 23.5%
New Mexico at-large Clinton Presba Anderson Democratic 1940 Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of Agriculture
Democratic hold.
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
New York 1 Edgar A. Sharp Republican 1944 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
W. Kingsland Macy (Republican) 77.3%
Eugene T. O'Neill (Democratic) 22.7%
New York 2 Leonard W. Hall Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Leonard W. Hall (Republican) 78.4%
Josephine U. Mayes (Democratic) 21.6%
New York 3 Henry J. Latham Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Henry J. Latham (Republican) 69.7%
Aloysius J. Maickel (Democratic) 22.6%
Herbert Shingler (American Labor) 4.8%
William L. Munger (Liberal) 2.9%
New York 4 William Bernard Barry Democratic 1935 (Special) Incumbent died October 20, 1946.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Gregory McMahon (Republican) 53.3%
Emily B. Barry (Democratic) 35.6%
George H. Rooney (American Labor) 6.9%
Nash Starr (Liberal) 4.1%
New York 5 James A. Roe Democratic 1944 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Robert Tripp Ross (Republican) 53.0%
James A. Phillips (Democratic) 47.0%
New York 6 James J. Delaney Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Robert Nodar, Jr. (Republican) 53.8%
James J. Delaney (Democratic) 46.2%
New York 7 John J. Delaney Democratic 1918 (Special), 1918 (Retired), 1931 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. John J. Delaney (Democratic) 57.5%
Roy M. D. Richardson (Republican) 42.5%
New York 8 Joseph L. Pfeifer Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Joseph L. Pfeifer (Democratic) 53.9%
Paul W. Williams (Republican) 46.1%
New York 9 Eugene James Keogh Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Eugene James Keogh (Democratic) 48.6%
Samuel R. Scialabba (Republican) 32.1%
Anthony Scimeca (American Labor) 19.3%
New York 10 Andrew Lawrence Somers Democratic 1924 Incumbent re-elected. Andrew Lawrence Somers (Democratic) 57.9%
Victor Wichum (Republican) 33.8%
August Claessens (Liberal) 8.3%
New York 11 James J. Heffernan Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. James J. Heffernan (Democratic) 60.4%
Alfred C. McKenzie (Republican) 39.6%
New York 12 John J. Rooney Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. John J. Rooney (Democratic) 54.0%
Vincent J. Longhi (Republican) 46.0%
New York 13 Donald L. O'Toole Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Donald L. O'Toole (Democratic) 53.5%
Charles H. Weadon (Republican) 46.5%
New York 14 Leo F. Rayfiel Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Leo F. Rayfiel (Democratic) 75.0%
Robert H. Thayer (Republican) 25.0%
New York 15 Emanuel Celler Democratic 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Emanuel Celler (Democratic) 79.4%
Lauri T. Laisi (Republican) 20.4%
Max Schachtman (Workers) 0.2%
New York 16 Ellsworth B. Buck Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Ellsworth B. Buck (Republican) 61.2%
John Burry (Democratic) 38.8%
New York 17 Joseph C. Baldwin Republican 1941 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Frederic Rene Coudert, Jr. (Republican) 57.5%
Myron Sulzberger, Jr. (Democratic) 34.2%
Joseph C. Baldwin (American Labor) 8.3%
New York 18 Vito Marcantonio Labor 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Vito Marcantonio (American Labor) 54.2%
Frederick V. P. Bryan (Republican) 45.8%
New York 19 Arthur George Klein Democratic February 19, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent re-elected. Arthur George Klein (Democratic) 71.4%
William I. Lehrfeld (Republican) 28.6%
New York 20 Sol Bloom Democratic 1923 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Sol Bloom (Democratic) 61.1%
Jules J. Justin (Republican) 38.9%
New York 21 James H. Torrens Democratic 1944 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Jacob K. Javits (Republican) 46.0%
Daniel Flynn (Democratic) 39.9%
Eugene P. Connolly (Democratic) 14.1%
New York 22 Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. (Democratic) 62.5%
Grant Reynolds (Republican) 37.5%
New York 23 Walter A. Lynch Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Walter A. Lynch (Democratic) 43.4%
Peter Wynne (Republican) 25.2%
David A. Schlossberg (American Labor) 20.8%
William Macks (Liberal) 10.6%
New York 24 Benjamin J. Rabin Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Benjamin J. Rabin (Democratic) 44.2%
Roy Soden (American Labor) 27.2%
David Scher (Republican) 19.0%
Bennie Benedick (Liberal) 9.6%
New York 25 Charles A. Buckley Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Charles A. Buckley (Democratic) 32.5%
Charles Garside (Republican) 32.3%
Edward V. Morand (American Labor) 17.5%
Ira J. Palestine (Liberal) 10.9%
John A. Dewey, Jr. (Veterans) 6.8%
New York 26 Peter A. Quinn Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
David M. Potts (Republican) 44.1%
Peter A. Quinn (Democratic) 37.3%
Gerald O'Reilly (American Labor) 13.2%
Augustus Batten (Liberal) 5.4%
New York 27 Ralph W. Gwinn Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Ralph W. Gwinn (Republican) 68.5%
Francis X. Nulty (Democratic) 31.5%
New York 28 Ralph A. Gamble Republican 1937 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Ralph A. Gamble (Republican) 75.4%
Morris Karnes (Democratic) 24.6%
New York 29 Augustus W. Bennet Republican 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Katharine St. George (Republican) 58.2%
James K. Welsh (Democratic) 38.4%
Bryce Oliver (American Labor) 3.4%
New York 30 Jay Le Fevre Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Jay Le Fevre (Republican) 69.5%
John F. Killgrew (Democratic) 30.5%
New York 31 Bernard W. Kearney Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Bernard W. Kearney (Republican) 59.2%
Carroll A. Gardner (Democratic) 40.8%
New York 32 William T. Byrne Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. William T. Byrne (Democratic) 55.1%
William K. Sanford (Republican) 44.9%
New York 33 Dean P. Taylor Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Dean P. Taylor (Republican) 69.9%
David J. Fitzgerald (Democratic) 30.1%
New York 34 Clarence E. Kilburn Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Clarence E. Kilburn (Republican) 73.0%
William G. Houk (Democratic) 25.4%
Carl H. Bogardus (American Labor) 1.6%
New York 35 Hadwen C. Fuller Republican 1943 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Hadwen C. Fuller (Republican) 54.3%
Frank A. Emma (Democratic) 45.7%
New York 36 Clarence E. Hancock Republican 1927 (Special) Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
R. Walter Riehlman (Republican) 63.3%
Lawson Barnes (Democratic) 36.7%
New York 37 Edwin Arthur Hall Republican 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Edwin Arthur Hall (Republican) 71.7%
Charles R. Wilson (Democratic) 28.3%
New York 38 John Taber Republican 1922 Incumbent re-elected. John Taber (Republican) 72.1%
George T. Franklin (Democratic) 27.9%
New York 39 W. Sterling Cole Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. W. Sterling Cole (Republican) 72.5%
William Heidt, Jr. (Democratic) 27.5%
New York 40 George F. Rogers Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Kenneth B. Keating (Republican) 60.5%
George F. Rogers (Democratic) 39.5%
New York 41 James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr. Republican 1932 Incumbent re-elected. James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr. (Republican) 71.5%
Charles J. Reap (Democratic) 28.5%
New York 42 Walter Gresham Andrews Republican 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Walter Gresham Andrews (Republican) 62.5%
William R. Lupton (Democratic) 37.5%
New York 43 Edward J. Elsaesser Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Edward J. Elsaesser (Republican) 62.6%
Charles P. McCabe (Democratic) 33.2%
George J. Young (American Labor) 4.2%
New York 44 John Cornelius Butler Republican 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. John Cornelius Butler (Republican) 57.5%
James B. Downey (Democratic) 42.5%
New York 45 Daniel A. Reed Republican 1918 Incumbent re-elected. Daniel A. Reed (Republican) 70.4%
Joseph E. Proudman (Democratic) 26.7%
Carl William Lundberg (Veterans) 2.9%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
North Carolina 1 Herbert Covington Bonner Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Herbert Covington Bonner (Democratic) 89.2%
Zeno Ratcliff (Republican) 10.8%
North Carolina 2 John H. Kerr Democratic November 6, 1923 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. John H. Kerr (Democratic)
Unopposed
North Carolina 3 Graham Arthur Barden Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Graham Arthur Barden (Democratic) 66.7%
H. B. Kornegay (Republican) 33.3%
North Carolina 4 Harold D. Cooley Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Harold D. Cooley (Democratic) 65.7%
Ben L. Spence (Republican) 34.3%
North Carolina 5 John Hamlin Folger Democratic June 14, 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. John Hamlin Folger (Democratic) 62.9%
S. Evan Hall (Republican) 37.1%
North Carolina 6 Carl T. Durham Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Carl T. Durham (Democratic) 63.4%
A. A. McDonald (Republican) 36.6%
North Carolina 7 J. Bayard Clark Democratic 1928 Incumbent re-elected. J. Bayard Clark (Democratic) 73.9%
H. Edmund Rogers (Republican) 26.1%
North Carolina 8 Eliza Jane Pratt Democratic May 25, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Charles B. Deane (Democratic) 54.2%
Joseph H. Whicker (Republican) 45.8%
North Carolina 9 Robert L. Doughton Democratic 1910 Incumbent re-elected. Robert L. Doughton (Democratic) 54.9%
Clyde R. Greene (Republican) 45.1%
North Carolina 10 Sam Ervin Democratic January 22, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Hamilton C. Jones (Democratic) 53.8%
P. C. Burkholder (Republican) 46.2%
North Carolina 11 Alfred L. Bulwinkle Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Alfred L. Bulwinkle (Democratic) 58.5%
C. Y. Nanney, Jr. (Republican) 41.5%
North Carolina 12 Zebulon Weaver Democratic 1930 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Monroe Minor Redden (Democratic) 60.5%
Guy Weaver (Republican) 39.5%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
North Dakota at-large William Lemke Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. William Lemke (Republican) 37.3%
Charles R. Robertson (Republican) 36.9%
James M. Hanley (Democratic) 14.9%
Edwin Cooper (Democratic) 10.8%
North Dakota at-large Charles R. Robertson Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected.
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Ohio 1 Charles H. Elston Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Charles H. Elston (Republican) 64.2%
G. Andrews Espy (Democratic) 35.8%
Ohio 2 William E. Hess Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. William E. Hess (Republican) 63.2%
Francis G. Davis (Democratic) 36.8%
Ohio 3 Edward J. Gardner Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Raymond H. Burke (Republican) 52.0%
Edward J. Gardner (Democratic) 48.0%
Ohio 4 Robert Franklin Jones Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Robert Franklin Jones (Republican) 59.2%
Merl J. Bragg (Democratic) 40.8%
Ohio 5 Cliff Clevenger Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Cliff Clevenger (Republican) 60.3%
Willard Thomas (Democratic) 39.7%
Ohio 6 Edward O. McCowen Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Edward O. McCowen (Republican) 54.8%
Franklin E. Smith (Democratic) 45.2%
Ohio 7 Clarence J. Brown Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Clarence J. Brown (Republican) 68.0%
Carl H. Ehl (Democratic) 32.0%
Ohio 8 Frederick C. Smith Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Frederick C. Smith (Republican) 64.0%
John T. Siemon (Democratic) 36.0%
Ohio 9 Homer A. Ramey Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Homer A. Ramey (Republican) 50.1%
Michael V. DiSalle (Democratic) 49.9%
Ohio 10 Thomas A. Jenkins Republican 1924 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas A. Jenkins (Republican) 66.6%
H. A. McCown (Democratic) 33.4%
Ohio 11 Walter E. Brehm Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Walter E. Brehm (Republican) 60.6%
Lester S. Reid (Democratic) 39.4%
Ohio 12 John M. Vorys Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. John M. Vorys (Republican) 62.0%
Arthur P. Lamneck (Democratic) 38.0%
Ohio 13 Alvin F. Weichel Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Alvin F. Weichel (Republican) 72.1%
Frank W. Thomas (Democratic) 27.9%
Ohio 14 Walter B. Huber Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Walter B. Huber (Democratic) 52.6%
Fred W. Danner (Republican) 46.4%
Harry Hurtt, Jr. (Independent) 1.0%
Ohio 15 Percy W. Griffiths Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Percy W. Griffiths (Republican) 53.2%
Robert T. Secrest (Democratic) 46.8%
Ohio 16 William R. Thom Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Henderson H. Carson (Republican) 55.8%
William R. Thom (Democratic) 44.2%
Ohio 17 J. Harry McGregor Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. J. Harry McGregor (Republican) 65.3%
Wesley W. Purdy (Democratic) 34.7%
Ohio 18 Earl R. Lewis Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Earl R. Lewis (Republican) 58.8%
Eugene A. Blum (Democratic) 41.2%
Ohio 19 Michael J. Kirwan Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Michael J. Kirwan (Democratic) 59.9%
Norman W. Adams (Republican) 40.1%
Ohio 20 Michael A. Feighan Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Michael A. Feighan (Democratic) 67.0%
Walter E. Obert (Republican) 33.0%
Ohio 21 Robert Crosser Democratic 1922 Incumbent re-elected. Robert Crosser (Democratic) 64.0%
James S. Hudec (Republican) 36.0%
Ohio 22 Frances P. Bolton Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Frances P. Bolton (Republican) 69.1%
Earl Heffley (Democratic) 27.3%
Matthew DeMore (Independent) 3.6%
Ohio at-large George H. Bender Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. George H. Bender (Republican) 59.5%
William M. Boyd (Democratic) 40.5%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Oklahoma 1 George B. Schwabe Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. George B. Schwabe (Republican) 54.5%
Oras A. Shaw (Democratic) 45.5%
Oklahoma 2 William G. Stigler Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. William G. Stigler (Democratic) 63.1%
Ferd P. Snider (Republican) 36.9%
Oklahoma 3 Paul Stewart Democratic 1942 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Carl Albert (Democratic) 85.0%
Eleanor L. Watson (Republican) 15.0%
Oklahoma 4 Lyle Boren Democratic 1936 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Glen D. Johnson (Democratic) 64.4%
Pliney S. Frye (Republican) 35.6%
Oklahoma 5 A. S. Mike Monroney Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. A. S. Mike Monroney (Democratic) 52.0%
Carmon C. Harris (Republican) 48.0%
Oklahoma 6 Jed Johnson Democratic 1926 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Toby Morris (Democratic) 65.6%
Joe Hart, Jr. (Republican) 34.4%
Oklahoma 7 Victor Wickersham Democratic April 1, 1941 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Preston E. Peden (Democratic) 78.7%
J. Warren White (Republican) 21.3%
Oklahoma 8 Ross Rizley Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Ross Rizley (Republican) 54.8%
Tom Hieronymus (Democratic) 45.2%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Oregon 1 A. Walter Norblad Republican January 18, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent re-elected. A. Walter Norblad (Republican) 72.0%
Lyman Ross (Democratic) 28.0%
Oregon 2 Lowell Stockman Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Lowell Stockman (Republican) 67.4%
Lamar Townsend (Democratic) 32.6%
Oregon 3 Homer D. Angell Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Homer D. Angell (Republican) 56.7%
Lew Wallace (Democratic) 43.3%
Oregon 4 Harris Ellsworth Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Harris Ellsworth (Republican) 69.2%
Louis Aubrey Wood (Democratic) 30.8%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Pennsylvania 1 William A. Barrett Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
James A. Gallagher (Republican) 57.3%
William A. Barrett (Democratic) 42.7%
Pennsylvania 2 William T. Granahan Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Robert N. McGarvey (Republican) 51.4%
William T. Granahan (Democratic) 48.6%
Pennsylvania 3 Michael J. Bradley Democratic 1936 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Hardie Scott (Republican) 62.1%
Albert S. Townsend (Democratic) 37.9%
Pennsylvania 4 John E. Sheridan Democratic November 7, 1939 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Franklin J. Maloney (Republican) 50.2%
John E. Sheridan (Democratic) 44.6%
John K. Rice (Citizens) 5.2%
Pennsylvania 5 William J. Green, Jr. Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
George W. Sarbacher, Jr. (Republican) 56.9%
William J. Green, Jr. (Democratic) 43.1%
Pennsylvania 6 Herbert J. McGlinchey Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Hugh Scott (Republican) 58.5%
Herbert J. McGlinchey (Democratic) 41.5%
Pennsylvania 7 James Wolfenden Republican 1928 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
E. Wallace Chadwick (Republican) 66.5%
Vernon O'Rourke (Democratic) 33.5%
Pennsylvania 8 Charles L. Gerlach Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Charles L. Gerlach (Republican) 58.9%
Henry Chapin (Democratic) 41.1%
Pennsylvania 9 J. Roland Kinzer Republican 1930 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Paul B. Dague (Republican) 72.7%
Edgar Campbell (Democratic) 27.3%
Pennsylvania 10 John W. Murphy Democratic 1942 Resigned to become judge of Middle District of Pennsylvania
Republican gain.
Winner also elected to finish the term, see above.
James P. Scoblick (Republican) 51.0%
Frank X. Murray (Democratic) 49.0%
Pennsylvania 11 Daniel J. Flood Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Mitchell Jenkins (Republican) 50.8%
Daniel J. Flood (Democratic) 49.2%
Pennsylvania 12 Ivor D. Fenton Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Ivor D. Fenton (Republican) 62.7%
Ralph M. Bashore (Democratic) 37.3%
Pennsylvania 13 Daniel K. Hoch Democratic 1942 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Frederick A. Muhlenberg (Republican) 54.6%
Daniel K. Hoch (Democratic) 41.0%
Raymond S. Hofses (Socialist) 4.4%
Pennsylvania 14 Wilson D. Gillette Republican November 4, 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Wilson D. Gillette (Republican) 67.4%
James S. Fields (Democratic) 32.6%
Pennsylvania 15 Robert F. Rich Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Robert F. Rich (Republican) 68.5%
Richard F. Hartzell (Democratic) 31.5%
Pennsylvania 16 Samuel K. McConnell, Jr. Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Samuel K. McConnell, Jr. (Republican) 74.4%
William L. Batt, Jr. (Democratic) 25.6%
Pennsylvania 17 Richard M. Simpson Republican May 11, 1937 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Richard M. Simpson (Republican) 66.2%
Lowell H. Alexander (Democratic) 33.8%
Pennsylvania 18 John C. Kunkel Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. John C. Kunkel (Republican) 69.0%
William B. Freeland (Democratic) 31.0%
Pennsylvania 19 Leon H. Gavin Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Leon H. Gavin (Republican) 68.0%
Lloyd N. Hugh (Democratic) 29.8%
R. S. Byers (Prohibition) 2.1%
Pennsylvania 20 Francis E. Walter Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. Francis E. Walter (Democratic) 52.5%
Norman A. Peil (Republican) 47.5%
Pennsylvania 21 Chester H. Gross Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Chester H. Gross (Republican) 52.0%
John W. Brehm (Democratic) 48.0%
Pennsylvania 22 D. Emmert Brumbaugh Republican November 2, 1943 (Special) Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
James E. Van Zandt (Republican) 65.9%
John A. Shartle (Democratic) 34.1%
Pennsylvania 23 Carl Henry Hoffman Republican May 21, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
William J. Crow (Republican) 52.9%
John W. Rankin (Democratic) 47.1%
Pennsylvania 24 Thomas E. Morgan Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Thomas E. Morgan (Democratic) 56.8%
Roy A. Purviance (Republican) 43.2%
Pennsylvania 25 Louis E. Graham Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Louis E. Graham (Republican) 58.8%
Samuel G. Neff (Democratic) 41.2%
Pennsylvania 26 Harve Tibbott Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Harve Tibbott (Republican) 54.6%
Thomas A. Owens (Democratic) 45.4%
Pennsylvania 27 Augustine B. Kelley Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Augustine B. Kelley (Democratic) 52.9%
Roy C. McKenna (Republican) 47.1%
Pennsylvania 28 Robert L. Rodgers Republican 1938 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Carroll D. Kearns (Republican) 63.9%
Charles W. Webb (Democratic) 36.1%
Pennsylvania 29 Howard E. Campbell Republican 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
John McDowell (Republican) 53.5%
Harry J. Davenport (Democratic) 46.5%
Pennsylvania 30 Robert J. Corbett Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Robert J. Corbett (Republican) 60.1%
James W. Knox (Democratic) 39.9%
Pennsylvania 31 James G. Fulton Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. James G. Fulton (Republican) 63.8%
Edward A. Schultz (Democratic) 36.2%
Pennsylvania 32 Herman P. Eberharter Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Herman P. Eberharter (Democratic) 62.8%
Ignatius J. Pillart (Republican) 37.2%
Pennsylvania 33 Frank Buchanan Democratic May 21, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent re-elected. Frank Buchanan (Democratic) 57.9%
John Robert Brown, Jr. (Republican) 42.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Rhode Island 1 Aime Forand Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Aime Forand (Democratic) 56.7%
Raymond A. Mailloux (Republican) 42.6%
Charles R. Napier (Constitutional Government) 0.7%
Rhode Island 2 John E. Fogarty Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. John E. Fogarty (Democratic) 52.7%
John J. Kelly, Jr. (Republican) 47.3%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
South Carolina 1 L. Mendel Rivers Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. L. Mendel Rivers (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Carolina 2 John J. Riley Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. John J. Riley (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Carolina 3 Butler B. Hare Democratic 1938 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
William Jennings Bryan Dorn (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Carolina 4 Joseph R. Bryson Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Joseph R. Bryson (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Carolina 5 James P. Richards Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. James P. Richards (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Carolina 6 John L. McMillan Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. John L. McMillan (Democratic) 96.9%
James R. Prioleau (Progressive) 2.4%
Leroy Dimery (Independent) 0.7%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
South Dakota 1 Karl E. Mundt Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Karl E. Mundt (Republican) 61.5%
Merton B. Tice (Democratic) 38.5%
South Dakota 2 Francis H. Case Republican 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Francis H. Case (Republican) 69.7%
John P. Reinhard (Democratic) 30.3%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Tennessee 1 B. Carroll Reece Republican 1932 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Dayton E. Phillips (Republican)
Unopposed
Tennessee 2 John Jennings Republican December 30, 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. John Jennings (Republican) 84.0%
James Douglas Wyrick (Independent) 16.0%
Tennessee 3 Estes Kefauver Democratic September 13, 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Estes Kefauver (Democratic) 90.8%
George Bagwell (Independent) 9.2%
Tennessee 4 Albert Gore, Sr. Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Albert Gore, Sr. (Democratic) 67.5%
H. E. McLean (Republican) 32.5%
Tennessee 5 Harold Earthman Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Joe L. Evins (Democratic)
Unopposed
Tennessee 6 Percy Priest Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Percy Priest (Democratic) 77.1%
Will T. Perry (Republican) 22.9%
Tennessee 7 W. Wirt Courtney Democratic May 11, 1939 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. W. Wirt Courtney (Democratic)
Unopposed
Tennessee 8 Tom J. Murray Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Tom J. Murray (Democratic)
Unopposed
Tennessee 9 Jere Cooper Democratic 1928 Incumbent re-elected. Jere Cooper (Democratic)
Unopposed
Tennessee 10 Clifford Davis Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Clifford Davis (Democratic)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Texas 1 Wright Patman Democratic 1928 Incumbent re-elected. Wright Patman (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 2 Jesse M. Combs Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Jesse M. Combs (Democratic) 96.2%
Don Parker (Republican) 3.8%
Texas 3 Lindley Beckworth Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Lindley Beckworth (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 4 Sam Rayburn Democratic 1912 Incumbent re-elected. Sam Rayburn (Democratic) 93.7%
Floyd Harry (Republican) 6.3%
Texas 5 Hatton W. Sumners Democratic 1914 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Joseph Franklin Wilson (Democratic) 75.8%
Lewis W. Stayart (Republican) 24.2%
Texas 6 Luther A. Johnson Democratic 1922 Resigned when appointed to United States Tax Court
Democratic hold.
Olin E. Teague (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 7 Tom Pickett Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Tom Pickett (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 8 Albert Richard Thomas Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. Albert Richard Thomas (Democratic) 90.8%
Richard F. Burns (Republican) 9.2%
Texas 9 Joseph J. Mansfield Democratic 1916 Incumbent re-elected. Joseph J. Mansfield (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 10 Lyndon B. Johnson Democratic April 10, 1937 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Lyndon B. Johnson (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 11 William R. Poage Democratic 1936 Incumbent re-elected. William R. Poage (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 12 Fritz G. Lanham Democratic 1919 (Special) Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Wingate H. Lucas (Democratic) 87.7%
Elton M. Hyder (Republican) 12.3%
Texas 13 Ed Gossett Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Ed Gossett (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 14 John E. Lyle, Jr. Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. John E. Lyle, Jr. (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 15 Milton H. West Democratic 1933 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Milton H. West (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 16 R. Ewing Thomason Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. R. Ewing Thomason (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 17 Sam M. Russell Democratic 1940 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Omar Burleson (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 18 Eugene Worley Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Eugene Worley (Democratic) 74.0%
Frank T. O'Brien (Republican) 26.0%
Texas 19 George H. Mahon Democratic 1934 Incumbent re-elected. George H. Mahon (Democratic) 94.6%
Mohler D. Temple (Republican) 5.4%
Texas 20 Paul J. Kilday Democratic 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Paul J. Kilday (Democratic)
Unopposed
Texas 21 O. C. Fisher Democratic 1942 Incumbent re-elected. O. C. Fisher (Democratic)
Unopposed
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Utah 1 Walter K. Granger Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Walter K. Granger (Democratic) 50.1%
David J. Wilson (Republican) 49.9%
Utah 2 J. W. Robinson Democratic 1932 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
William A. Dawson (Republican) 52.7%
J. W. Robinson (Democratic) 47.3%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Vermont at-large Charles Albert Plumley Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Charles Albert Plumley (Republican) 64.3%
Matthew J. Caldbeck (Democratic) 35.7%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Virginia 1 S. Otis Bland Democratic 1918 Incumbent re-elected. S. Otis Bland (Democratic) 75.0%
Walter Johnson (Republican) 25.0%
Virginia 2 Ralph Hunter Daughton Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Porter Hardy, Jr. (Democratic) 65.7%
Sidney H. Kelsey (Republican) 34.3%
Virginia 3 J. Vaughan Gary Democratic March 6, 1945 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. J. Vaughan Gary (Democratic) 73.3%
Earle Lutz (Republican) 26.7%
Virginia 4 Patrick H. Drewry Democratic 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Patrick H. Drewry (Democratic) 87.1%
Andrew S. Condrey (Republican) 12.9%
Virginia 5 Thomas G. Burch Democratic 1930 Appointed to U.S. Senate
Democratic hold.
Winner also elected to finish the term, see above.
Thomas Stanley (Democratic) 73.5%
William L. Creasy (Republican) 26.5%
Virginia 6 James Lindsay Almond, Jr. Democratic February 25, 1946
(Special)
Incumbent re-elected. James Lindsay Almond, Jr. (Democratic) 64.8%
Frank R. Angell (Republican) 34.3%
Ruby Mae Wilkes (Socialist) 0.9%
Virginia 7 Absalom Willis Robertson Democratic 1932 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Winner also elected to finish the term, see above.
Burr Harrison (Democratic) 62.3%
Karl Jenkins (Republican) 37.7%
Virginia 8 Howard W. Smith Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. Howard W. Smith (Democratic) 62.1%
Lawrence Michael (Republican) 37.9%
Virginia 9 John W. Flannagan, Jr. Democratic 1930 Incumbent re-elected. John W. Flannagan, Jr. (Democratic) 51.8%
S. H. Sutherland (Republican) 43.1%
John Albert Goodpasture, Jr. (Independent) 5.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Washington 1 Hugh De Lacy Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Homer R. Jones (Republican) 63.8%
Hugh De Lacy (Democratic) 36.2%
Washington 2 Henry M. Jackson Democratic 1940 Incumbent re-elected. Henry M. Jackson (Democratic) 53.1%
Payson Peterson (Republican) 46.9%
Washington 3 Charles R. Savage Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Fred B. Norman (Republican) 53.9%
Charles R. Savage (Democratic) 46.1%
Washington 4 Hal Holmes Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Hal Holmes (Republican) 67.6%
Earl S. Coe (Democratic) 32.4%
Washington 5 Walt Horan Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Walt Horan (Republican) 61.3%
John T. Little (Democratic) 36.5%
Knute Hill (Independent Progressive) 2.1%
Washington 6 John M. Coffee Democratic 1936 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Thor C. Tollefson (Republican) 53.9%
John M. Coffee (Democratic) 46.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
West Virginia 1 Matthew M. Neely Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Francis J. Love (Republican) 53.1%
Matthew M. Neely (Democratic) 46.9%
West Virginia 2 Jennings Randolph Democratic 1932 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Melvin C. Snyder (Republican) 51.4%
Jennings Randolph (Democratic) 48.6%
West Virginia 3 Cleveland M. Bailey Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Edward G. Rohrbough (Republican) 51.5%
Cleveland M. Bailey (Democratic) 48.5%
West Virginia 4 Hubert S. Ellis Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Hubert S. Ellis (Republican) 52.6%
M. G. Burnside (Democratic) 47.4%
West Virginia 5 John Kee Democratic 1932 Incumbent re-elected. John Kee (Democratic) 56.9%
Hartley Sanders (Republican) 43.1%
West Virginia 6 E. H. Hedrick Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected. E. H. Hedrick (Democratic) 52.9%
Harold H. Neff (Republican) 47.1%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Wisconsin 1 Lawrence H. Smith Republican 1941 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Lawrence H. Smith (Republican) 56.5%
John R. Redstrom (Democratic) 42.8%
Lars P. Christensen (Socialist) 0.7%
Wisconsin 2 Robert Kirkland Henry Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. Robert Kirkland Henry (Republican) 62.9%
William G. Rice (Democratic) 36.3%
Ayer T. Wallace (Socialist) 0.9%
Wisconsin 3 William H. Stevenson Republican 1940 Incumbent re-elected. William H. Stevenson (Republican) 96.1%
Walter L. Alexander (Socialist) 3.9%
Wisconsin 4 Thaddeus Wasielewski Democratic 1940 Incumbent lost renomination and then lost re-election as as Independent.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
John C. Brophy (Republican) 36.5%
Edmund C. Bobrowicz (Democratic) 33.0%
Thaddeus Wasielewski (Independent) 28.6%
George E. Helberg (Socialist) 1.8%
Wisconsin 5 Andrew Biemiller Democratic 1944 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Charles J. Kersten (Republican) 54.1%
Andrew Biemiller (Democratic) 42.3%
Frank P. Zeidler (Socialist) 3.6%
Wisconsin 6 Frank B. Keefe Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Frank B. Keefe (Republican) 64.2%
Edwin W. Webster (Democratic) 34.7%
Rudolph Renn (Socialist) 1.1%
Wisconsin 7 Reid F. Murray Republican 1938 Incumbent re-elected. Reid F. Murray (Republican) 71.6%
Elmer E. Fraley (Democratic) 27.8%
John A. Pearson, Jr. (Socialist) 0.6%
Wisconsin 8 John W. Byrnes Republican 1944 Incumbent re-elected. John W. Byrnes (Republican) 64.7%
Martin J. Young (Democratic) 35.3%
Wisconsin 9 Merlin Hull Republican 1934 Incumbent re-elected. Merlin Hull (Republican) 99.0%
Adolph Maassen (Socialist) 1.0%
Wisconsin 10 Alvin E. O'Konski Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Alvin E. O'Konski (Republican) 53.0%
Henry J. Berquist (Democratic) 42.4%
Eugene R. Princeton (Independent) 3.9%
Adolph F. Kreie (Socialist) 0.7%
District Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Wyoming at-large Frank A. Barrett Republican 1942 Incumbent re-elected. Frank A. Barrett (Republican) 56.0%
John J. McIntyre (Democratic) 44.0%

References

  1. ^ September 9, 1946 in Maine
  2. ^ Leuchtenburg, William E. (November 2006). "New Faces of 1946: An unpopular president. A war-weary people. In the midterm elections of 60 years ago, voters took aim at incumbents". Smithsonian (magazine). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. p. 2 of 5. Retrieved May 12, 2009. On October 14, scarcely more than three weeks before midterm elections, Truman bit the bullet. Even when his approval rating dropped to 32 percent, he had told reporters that controls were indispensable. On this night, however, speaking to the largest radio audience since the end of the war, Truman lashed out at "the few men in Congress who, in the service of selfish interests, have been determined for some time to wreck price controls no matter what the cost might be to our people." Then he stunned the nation by announcing that he was lifting controls on meat. With the lid off, prices skyrocketed. The New York Daily News headlined: PRICES SOAR, BUYERS SORE/STEERS JUMP OVER THE MOON. Brickbats flew at the president. "Brother," said Ohio's Clarence J. Brown, chair of the Republican Congressional Committee, "the tide is sweepin' our way."
  3. ^ Leuchtenburg. p. 1 of 5. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=608
  5. ^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=420

See also