List of political parties in Germany: Difference between revisions
→Minor parties: updated III. Path leader |
EU-DE-NRW-SI (talk | contribs) m Minor changes to translations. |
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|[[Conservatism]] |
|[[Conservatism]] |
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|[[Bavaria]]n [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]}} |
|[[Bavaria]]n [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]}} |
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| [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] |
| [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] |
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|{{Composition bar|45|736|{{party color|Christian Social Union of Bavaria}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|45|736|{{party color|Christian Social Union of Bavaria}}}} |
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|{{Composition bar|6|96|{{party color|Christian Social Union of Bavaria}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|6|96|{{party color|Christian Social Union of Bavaria}}}} |
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|[[Pro-Europeanism]] |
|[[Pro-Europeanism]] |
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}} |
}} |
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| [[Centrist|Centre]] to [[centre-left]] |
| [[Centrist|Centre]] to [[Centre-left politics|centre-left]] |
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|{{Composition bar|118|736|{{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|118|736|{{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}}} |
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|{{Composition bar|21|96|{{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|21|96|{{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}}} |
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| [[Tino Chrupalla]],<br />[[Alice Weidel]] |
| [[Tino Chrupalla]],<br />[[Alice Weidel]] |
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| [[Right-wing populism]]<br />[[National conservatism]]<br />[[German nationalism]] |
| [[Right-wing populism]]<br />[[National conservatism]]<br />[[German nationalism]] |
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| [[Far-right politics|Far-right]]{{efn|A [[right-wing]] party originally starting as a [[centre-right]] alternative to the [[CDU/CSU]], since 2015 it is considered to be part of the [[Radical right (Europe)|radical right]], a subset of the [[far-right]] that does not oppose democracy.}} |
| [[Far-right politics|Far-right]]{{efn|A [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] party originally starting as a [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]] alternative to the [[CDU/CSU]], since 2015 it is considered to be part of the [[Radical right (Europe)|radical right]], a subset of the [[Far-right politics|far-right]] that does not oppose democracy.}} |
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|{{Composition bar|81|736|{{party color|Alternative for Germany}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|81|736|{{party color|Alternative for Germany}}}} |
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|{{Composition bar|9|96|{{party color|Alternative for Germany}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|9|96|{{party color|Alternative for Germany}}}} |
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| [[Martin Schirdewan]],<br />[[Janine Wissler]] |
| [[Martin Schirdewan]],<br />[[Janine Wissler]] |
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| [[Democratic socialism]]<br />[[Left-wing populism]] |
| [[Democratic socialism]]<br />[[Left-wing populism]] |
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| [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]{{efn|A broad [[left-wing]] party, it includes some [[far-left]] factions.}} |
| [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]{{efn|A broad [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] party, it includes some [[Far-left politics|far-left]] factions.}} |
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|{{Composition bar|39|736|{{party color|The Left (Germany)}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|39|736|{{party color|The Left (Germany)}}}} |
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|{{Composition bar|7|96|{{party color|The Left (Germany)}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|7|96|{{party color|The Left (Germany)}}}} |
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| [[Hubert Aiwanger]] |
| [[Hubert Aiwanger]] |
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| [[Liberal conservatism]]<br>[[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]] |
| [[Liberal conservatism]]<br>[[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]] |
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| [[Centrism|Centre]] to [[centre-right]] |
| [[Centrism|Centre]] to [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]] |
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|{{Composition bar|0|736|#FF8000}} |
|{{Composition bar|0|736|#FF8000}} |
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|{{Composition bar|2|96|#FF8000}} |
|{{Composition bar|2|96|#FF8000}} |
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| [[Christian Rechholz]] |
| [[Christian Rechholz]] |
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| [[Green conservatism]] |
| [[Green conservatism]] |
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| [[Centre-right]] |
| [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] |
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|{{Composition bar|0|736|#F36717}} |
|{{Composition bar|0|736|#F36717}} |
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|{{Composition bar|1|96|#F36717}} |
|{{Composition bar|1|96|#F36717}} |
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|[[Steffen Große]] |
|[[Steffen Große]] |
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|[[Conservatism]] |
|[[Conservatism]] |
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| {{Nowrap|[[Centre-right]] to [[right-wing]]}} |
| {{Nowrap|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]]}} |
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|{{Composition bar|0|736|{{party color|Bündnis Deutschland}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|0|736|{{party color|Bündnis Deutschland}}}} |
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|{{Composition bar|1|96|{{party color|Bündnis Deutschland}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|1|96|{{party color|Bündnis Deutschland}}}} |
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| [[Helmut Geuking]] |
| [[Helmut Geuking]] |
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| [[Conservatism in Germany|Conservatism]]<br />[[Familialism]]<br />[[Social conservatism]]<br />[[Christian democracy]] |
| [[Conservatism in Germany|Conservatism]]<br />[[Familialism]]<br />[[Social conservatism]]<br />[[Christian democracy]] |
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| {{Nowrap|[[Centre-right]] to [[right-wing]]}} |
| {{Nowrap|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]]}} |
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|{{Composition bar|0|736|{{party color|Family Party of Germany}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|0|736|{{party color|Family Party of Germany}}}} |
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|{{Composition bar|1|96|{{party color|Family Party of Germany}}}} |
|{{Composition bar|1|96|{{party color|Family Party of Germany}}}} |
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! |
! |
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| [[Alliance for Human Rights, Animal and Nature Protection]]<br /><small>''Allianz für Menschenrechte, Tier- und Naturschutz''</small> |
| [[Alliance for Human Rights, Animal- and Nature Protection]]<br /><small>''Allianz für Menschenrechte, Tier- und Naturschutz''</small> |
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| Tierschutzallianz |
| Tierschutzallianz |
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| [[Josef Fassl]] |
| [[Josef Fassl]] |
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| [[Rico Tscharntke]] |
| [[Rico Tscharntke]] |
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| [[Post-left anarchy]]<br>[[Dada]]ism |
| [[Post-left anarchy]]<br>[[Dada]]ism |
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| [[Far-left]] |
| [[Far-left politics|Far-left]] |
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! style="background:#1B779C;"| |
! style="background:#1B779C;"| |
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|[[File:Aufbruch C Logo 2021.png|center|75px]] |
|[[File:Aufbruch C Logo 2021.png|center|75px]] |
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|[[Aufbruch C| |
|[[Aufbruch C|Waying C]]<br /><small>''Aufbruch C''</small> |
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|[[Andreas Epp]] |
|[[Andreas Epp]] |
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|[[Christian democracy]]<br />[[Conservatism]] |
|[[Christian democracy]]<br />[[Conservatism]] |
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|[[Right-wing]] |
|[[Right-wing politics|Right-wing]] |
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! |
! |
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|[[File:Demokratie Direkt Logo.png|center|75px]] |
|[[File:Demokratie Direkt Logo.png|center|75px]] |
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|[[Democracy |
|[[Democracy DIRECT!]]<br /><small>''Demokratie DIREKT!''</small> |
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|DIE DIREKTE! |
|DIE DIREKTE! |
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|[[Christian Rombeck]] |
|[[Christian Rombeck]] |
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! style="background:orange;"| |
! style="background:orange;"| |
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| [[File:Feministische Partei Die Frauen Logo.svg|center|75px]] |
| [[File:Feministische Partei Die Frauen Logo.svg|center|75px]] |
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| [[Feminist Party of Germany]]<br /><small>''Feministische Partei Die Frauen''</small> |
| [[Feminist Party of Germany|Feminist Party The Women]]<br /><small>''Feministische Partei Die Frauen''</small> |
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| DIE FRAUEN |
| DIE FRAUEN |
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| [[Renate Schmidtsdorff-Aicher]] |
| [[Renate Schmidtsdorff-Aicher]] |
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| [[Helmut Fleck]] |
| [[Helmut Fleck]] |
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| [[Direct democracy|Direct Democracy]]<br />[[Nationalism]] |
| [[Direct democracy|Direct Democracy]]<br />[[Nationalism]] |
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| [[Right-wing]] |
| [[Right-wing politics|Right-wing]] |
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|[[Dieter Jochim]] |
|[[Dieter Jochim]] |
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|[[Conservatism]]<br />[[National conservatism]] |
|[[Conservatism]]<br />[[National conservatism]] |
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|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing]] |
|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] |
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! style="background:#0000FF;"| |
! style="background:#0000FF;"| |
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|[[German Party (1993)|German Party]]<br /><small>''Deutsche Partei – Die Freiheitlichen''</small> |
|[[German Party (1993)|German Party – The Liberals]]<br /><small>''Deutsche Partei – Die Freiheitlichen''</small> |
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|DP |
|DP |
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|[[Gerd-Uwe Dahlmann]] |
|[[Gerd-Uwe Dahlmann]] |
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! style="background:{{party color|Human Environment Animal Protection}};" | |
! style="background:{{party color|Human Environment Animal Protection}};" | |
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| [[File:Tierschutzpartei Logo (2021).svg|center|75px]] |
| [[File:Tierschutzpartei Logo (2021).svg|center|75px]] |
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| [[Human Environment Animal Protection]]<br /><small>''Partei Mensch Umwelt Tierschutz''</small> |
| [[Human Environment Animal Protection|Party Human Environment Animal protection]]<br /><small>''Partei Mensch Umwelt Tierschutz''</small> |
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| Tierschutzpartei |
| Tierschutzpartei |
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| [[Aida Spiegeler Castaneda]]<br />[[Marcel Krohn]]<br />[[Robert Gabel]] |
| [[Aida Spiegeler Castaneda]]<br />[[Marcel Krohn]]<br />[[Robert Gabel]] |
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! style="background:#FF9900;" | |
! style="background:#FF9900;" | |
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|[[File:Unabhaengige.gif|center|75px]] |
|[[File:Unabhaengige.gif|center|75px]] |
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|[[Unabhängige für bürgernahe Demokratie| |
|[[Unabhängige für bürgernahe Demokratie|INDEPENDENTS for citizen-friendly democracy]]<br /><small>''UNABHÄNGIGE für bürgernahe Demokratie''</small> |
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|UNABHÄNGIGE |
|UNABHÄNGIGE |
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|[[Werner Fischer (politician)|Werner Fischer]] |
|[[Werner Fischer (politician)|Werner Fischer]] |
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|[[Economic liberalism]] |
|[[Economic liberalism]] |
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|[[Soft Euroscepticism]]}} |
|[[Soft Euroscepticism]]}} |
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|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing]] |
|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] |
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| [[European Conservatives and Reformists Party|ECR Party]] |
| [[European Conservatives and Reformists Party|ECR Party]] |
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! |
! |
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|[[File:SGV Logo.svg|center|75px]] |
|[[File:SGV Logo.svg|center|75px]] |
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|[[SGV – Solidarity, |
|[[SGV – Solidarity, Equity, Change]] <br /><small>''SGV – Solidarität, Gerechtigkeit, Veränderung''</small> |
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|SGV |
|SGV |
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! style="background:#007AB4;" | |
! style="background:#007AB4;" | |
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|[[File:Logo future-260x123.png|center|75x75px]] |
|[[File:Logo future-260x123.png|center|75x75px]] |
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|[[Future!]]<br /><small>''future!''</small> |
|[[Future!|future!]]<br /><small>''future!''</small> |
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|future! |
|future! |
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|[[Stephan Bublitz]] |
|[[Stephan Bublitz]] |
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! style="background:white;"| |
! style="background:white;"| |
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|[[File:Cropped-die-sonstigen Logo-02-scaled.jpg|center|75px]] |
|[[File:Cropped-die-sonstigen Logo-02-scaled.jpg|center|75px]] |
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|[[The Others (political party)| |
|[[The Others (political party)|THE OTHERS]]<br /><small>''DIE SONSTIGEN''</small> |
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|sonstige |
|sonstige |
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|[[Democratic confederalism]]<br />[[Progressivism]]<br />[[Anti-militarism]] |
|[[Democratic confederalism]]<br />[[Progressivism]]<br />[[Anti-militarism]] |
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|[[Left-wing]] |
|[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]] |
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Revision as of 14:24, 1 March 2023
This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Germany |
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This article lists political parties in Germany.
The Federal Republic of Germany has a plural multi party system. The largest by members and parliament seats are the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), with its sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU) and Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
Germany also has a number of other parties, in recent history most importantly the Free Democratic Party (FDP), Alliance 90/The Greens, The Left, and more recently the Alternative for Germany (AfD), founded in 2013. The federal government of Germany often consisted of a coalition of a major and a minor party, specifically CDU/CSU and FDP or SPD and FDP, and from 1998 to 2005 SPD and Greens. From 1966 to 1969, from 2005 to 2009 and from 2013 to 2021, the federal government consisted of a coalition of the two major parties, called Grand Coalition.[1] Coalitions in the Bundestag and state legislatures are often described by party colors. Party colors are red for the Social Democratic Party, green for Alliance 90/The Greens, yellow for the Free Democratic Party, purple (officially red, which is customarily used for the SPD) for the Left, light blue for the AfD, and black and blue for the CDU and CSU respectively.[2][3]
Current parties
Parties represented in the Bundestag and/or the European Parliament
- ^ A right-wing party originally starting as a centre-right alternative to the CDU/CSU, since 2015 it is considered to be part of the radical right, a subset of the far-right that does not oppose democracy.
- ^ A broad left-wing party, it includes some far-left factions.
Other parties represented in state parliaments
Name | Abbr. | Leader(s) | Ideology | Political position | State | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizens for Thuringia Bürger für Thüringen |
BfTh | Ute Bergner | Right-wing populism | Right-wing | Thuringia (4 seats) | ||
Brandenburg United Civic Movements/Free Voters Brandenburger Vereinigte Bürgerbewegungen / Freie Wähler |
BVB/FW | Péter Vida | Regionalism | Brandenburg (3 seats) | |||
Citizens in Rage Bürger in Wut |
BIW | Jan Timke | Right-wing populism | Right-wing | Bremen (1 seat) |
Minor parties
Historical parties
Defunct parties in the Federal Republic of Germany
Defunct parties in Allied-occupied Germany
Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leader(s) | Ideology | Active | Note | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic People's Party Demokratische Volkspartei |
DVP | Theodor Heuss | Liberalism | 1946-1948 | Merged into FDP | ||
German Conservative Party Deutsche Konservative Partei |
DKP | Eldor Borck, Otto Schmidt-Hannover | National conservatism | 1946-1950 | Merged into DKP-DRP | ||
German Reconstruction Party Deutsche Aufbaupartei |
DAP | Monarchism German nationalism |
1945-1946 | Merged into DKP-DRP | |||
Lower Saxony State Party Niedersächsische Landespartei |
Regionalism Christian conservatism Establishment of Lower Saxony |
1945-1947 | Merged into DP | ||||
National Democratic Party Nationaldemokratische Partei |
NDP | Heinrich Leuchtgens | National conservatism | 1945-1950 | Only active in Hesse, merged into DRP | ||
Radical Social Freedom Party Radikal-Soziale Freiheitspartei |
RSF | Richard Batz, Peter Thielen | Freiwirtschaft Border abolition Decentralization |
1946-1950 | Succeeded by HUMANWIRTSCHAFT |
Parties in East Germany
Bloc | Logo | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Note | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Front | Socialist Unity Party of Germany Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschland |
SED | Stalinism Communism Marxism-Leninism |
"Leading Role" per 1968 Constitution, succeeded by PDS | |||
Christian Democratic Union of Germany Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands |
CDUD | Christian socialism Social conservatism |
Merged into the CDU | ||||
Liberal Democratic Party of Germany Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands |
LDPD | Liberal socialism | Merged into Association of Free Democrats (partly) | ||||
Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands |
DBD | Agrarianism Agrarian socialism |
Merged into CDUD | ||||
National Democratic Party of Germany National-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands |
NDPD | Conservatism National conservatism Socialism |
Merged into FDP |
During transition (1989–90)
Parties in the Saar Protectorate
Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Active | Note | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Christian People's Party of Saarland Christliche Volkspartei des Saarlandes |
CVP | Christian democracy Conservatism |
1946–1959 | Later merged with the CDU | |
Christian Social Union Christlich-Soziale Union |
CSU-S | Christian democracy Conservatism |
1955–1959 | Unofficial counterpart of the CSU | |
Communist Party of Saarland Kommunistische Partei Saar |
KP | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
1945–1957 | Counterpart of the KPD | |
Democratic Party of Saarland Sozialdemokratische Partei des Saarlandes |
DPS | Conservative liberalism National conservatism |
1946–1957 | Later merged into the FDP | |
German Democratic Union Deutsche Demokratische Union |
DDU | Left-wing politics | 1955–1968 | Later merged with the DFU | |
German Social Democratic Party Deutsche Demokratische Union |
DSP | Social democracy | 1952–1956 | Split from the SPS, later merged with the SPD | |
Social Democratic Party of Saarland Sozialdemokratische Partei des Saarlandes |
SPS | Social democracy Democratic Socialism |
1946–1956 | Counterpart of the SPD | |
Supranational European People's Party Saar Übernationale Europäische Volkspartei saar |
ÜEVPS | 1955–? |
Parties in Weimar Republic
Parties founded before World War I
See also
- Lists of political parties; categories by country and ideology.
- History of Germany since 1945
- Liberalism in Germany
References
- ^ "Chronik: Bundestagswahlen von 1949 bis 2002 | Deutschland | Deutsche Welle | 02.10.2005". Archived from the original on 2008-11-08. Retrieved 2009-10-10.
- ^ "Political parties form colorful spectrum in Germany". Deutsche Welle. 2009-08-18. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ The Green party: Getting used to opposition, Deutsche Welle, 2009-08-24, retrieved 2009-10-12,
This made a so-called Jamaica coalition with the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party impossible.
External links
- Political Parties (Germany) - List of German political parties since 1949
- Overview of the elections since 1946 (Übersicht der Wahlen seit 1946) (on the website of the Tagesschau news service) - Election results in Germany since 1946 on state, federal and European levels (German descriptions, but graphics and data can be accessed without these).