2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election
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423 of 450 seats to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine[1] 226[2] seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Results of the election in national and single-mandate constituencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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A snap parliamentary election for the Verkhovna Rada took place in Ukraine on 26 October 2014.[9] The final results were expected to be published by the morning of 30 October.[10] But at that time 99.42% of the ballots were counted.[6]
The President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, announced the date of the election on 25 August 2014.[9] Poroshenko had pressed for early parliamentary elections since his victory in the May 2014 presidential election.[11][12][13] Because of the ongoing War in Donbass and the unilateral annexation of Crimea by Russia, the elections were not held in all of the regions of Ukraine.[14][15] On 2 September 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voting would not be held for the 12 Verkhovna Rada constituencies in Crimea and Sevastopol.[1][16][17] On 25 October they announced that there will also be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast.[1] Because of this 27 seats of the 450 seats in parliament will remain unfilled.[1]
Every citizen of Ukraine who is 18 years of age or older was able to exercise their right to vote in a mixed electoral system (53.2% under party lists and 46.8% in 198 constituencies[1]) with a 5% election threshold.[18][19]
Campaigning for this election was limited to the sixty days prior to the election, starting on 28 August 2014.[20] A total of 2,321 international observers were registered to monitor the election.[21]
Local election watchdogs, international observers, the European Union and Russia cited no serious election violations and were generally pleased with the election.[22][23]
Preliminary results on 29 October indicated that the Petro Poroshenko Bloc had won the most seats (132 seats) in the election (because of its lead in single-seat constituencies) with the People's Front (who gained more votes than the Petro Poroshenko Bloc on the nationwide party list[24]) coming second with 83 seats.[2][24] 100 independent candidates seemed to win a seat in single-seat constituencies.[2] Self Reliance seemed to have won 33 seats, the Opposition Bloc 29 seats, the Radical Party 22 seats, Fatherland 19 seats, Svoboda 6 seats, Right Sector 1 seat, Strong Ukraine 1 seat, Volia 1 seat, and Zastup also 1 seat.[2][25] These preliminary results indicated that for the first time since Ukraine's 1991 independence Communists would have no parliamentary representation.[2][24][26] Voter turnout in the election appeared to be 51.2%.[22] This would be less than the 57% turnout in the previous 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election.[27] 226 votes are needed to form a parliamentary majority.[2]
Background
According to the election law of November 2011, elections to the Verkhovna Rada must be held at least every five years.[18][28] This began with the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. If the Rada had sat for the maximum allotted time, the next parliamentary election would have been held on 29 October 2017.[18] Despite this, then president-elect Petro Poroshenko said that he wanted to hold early parliamentary elections following his victory in the presidential election on 25 May 2014.[12] At 26 June session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Poroshenko said that he hoped to hold parliamentary elections in October 2014, as this was "the most democratic way".[11] [nb 5]
The parliamentary coalition that supported the Yatsenyuk Government, formed in the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and Euromaidan movement, was dissolved on 24 July.[30] If no new coalition was formed within thirty days, President Poroshenko would become entitled to dissolve the Rada and call early parliamentary elections.[30] On the same day as the dissolution, the Sovereign European Ukraine faction submitted a bill to the Rada that called for elections to be held on 28 September 2014.[31]
In an interview with Ukrainian television channels on 14 August, Poroshenko said that early elections were needed because the Rada refused to recognise the self-proclaimed breakaway Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics as terrorist organisations.[32] The two republics, situated in the eastern Ukrainian region of the Donbass, make-up Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine, and have been fighting Ukrainian government forces in the War in Donbass.[33] President Poroshenko said: "I don't know how to work with a parliament in which a huge number [of deputies], whole factions, make up 'the fifth column' controlled from abroad [referring to Russia]. And this danger is only increasing".[32] He also said that "reelections are the best and the most efficient form of lustration of not only the parliament but also the political forces".
Poroshenko announced on 25 August that he had called for elections to the Rada to be held 26 October 2014.[9][14] In his accompanying television address, he said the elections were necessary to "purify the Rada of the mainstay of [former president] Viktor Yanukovych". These deputies, Poroshenko said, "clearly do not represent the people who elected them".[34] Poroshenko also claimed that these Rada deputies were responsible for "the [January 2014] Dictatorship laws that took the lives of the Heavenly hundred".[34] Poroshenko also stated that many of the (then) current MPs were "direct sponsors and accomplices or at least sympathizers of the militants/separatists".[34]
Electoral system
In late July 2014 draft amendments for a new electoral law proposed a return to proportional representation with open party lists and electoral blocs.[35] Other than the open list, this would have been a return to the way the 2007 parliamentary election was conducted (closed lists were used).[36] Despite this, the Rada refused to make the proposed amendments law on 14 August.[37] Hence, like in the previous parliamentary election of 2012, a parallel voting system will be used with 50% of seats (225 seats) elected by (national) proportional party lists with a 5% election threshold and the other 50% of the seats elected in 225 constituencies with a first-past-the-post electoral system in one round (candidate with the highest vote total wins).[18][38][39]
Every citizen of Ukraine who is 18 years of age or older will be able to take part in the election.[19]
In 2012 there were 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine, and 116 foreign polling stations in 77 countries.[40][41]
The July 2014 draft amendments also proposed reducing electoral campaigns from 60 to 45 days.[35] Since they were thus not made law, the campaign started 28 August 2014 and lasted 60 days.[20]
Non-voting areas
On 2 September the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voters from Crimea (including Sevastopol) would not be able to vote for the 12 Crimean constituencies.[1][16] On 25 October (one day before the election) the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that there will also be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast (the Donbass region of Eastern Ukraine).[1] Because of this 27 seats of the 450 seats in parliament will remain unfilled.[1] On 24 October it was estimated by the democratic watchdog OPORA that 4.6 million Ukrainians will be unable to vote – 1.8 million in Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, 1.6 million in Donetsk Oblast and 1.2 million in Luhansk Oblast.[42]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Donetsk_oblast_election_2014_voter_turnout_-_en_2.jpg/220px-Donetsk_oblast_election_2014_voter_turnout_-_en_2.jpg)
Donbass
When President Poroshenko announced that he had called early parliamentary elections for 26 October 2014 on 25 August 2014,[9] in the Donbass region of Eastern Ukraine (Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast[43]) pro-Russian separatists controlled several of the region's government buildings and towns (since mid-April 2014).[33][44] By August 2014 the Ukrainian army and these pro-Russian separatists were fighting the War in Donbass.[14][45] In the May 2014 Ukrainian presidential election only 20% of the ballot stations were open in Donbass due to threats and violence by these pro-Russia separatists.[46][47] Since the July 2014 post-ceasefire government offensive the pro-Russian separatist control a smaller chunk of the Donbass region than in May 2014.[48] According to the Central Election Commission of Ukraine, (in early September 2014) 32 constituencies were located within the territory of the War in Donbass.[16] In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election the Donbass was divided in 32 constituencies.[17] On 21 October 10 of the 21 constituencies of Donetsk Oblast elections were expected to go through while 3 (other) constituencies were considered "problematic".[49] In Luhansk Oblast elections were expected to be held in 5 of its 11 constituencies.[50] 14.26% (5,061,489) of Ukraine's 35,500,913 eligible voters live in Donbass.[48] According to the Central Election Commission of Ukraine over 30,000 of them were able to vote without changing their electoral address.[51] On 9 October they also predicted that 1.46 million voters in Donetsk Oblast (out of the approximately 3.3 million) and 560,000 (out of the approximately 1.8 million) in Luhansk Oblast would be able to vote.[52] On 25 October (one day before the election) the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that there will be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast.[1] On election day in Luhansk Oblast all polling stations were opened in only 1 of the 5 constituencies where voting was possible, in Donetsk Oblast this was so in 6 out of the 12 constituencies.[53] Separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk are scheduled to hold elections on 2 November.
Crimea
During the February–March[54] 2014 Crimean crisis, Ukraine lost control over Crimea, soon after Crimea was annexed by Russia after a controversial plebiscite in March 2014.[33][55][56][nb 6] As a result, the May 2014 (Ukrainian) presidential elections were not held in Crimea.[15]
On 2 September the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voters from Crimea would be able to vote for the (national) proportional party lists in a polling station in Ukraine of their choice.[16] But they would not be able to vote for the Crimean constituencies.[16] In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election Crimea was divided into 12 constituencies.[1][17] 5.1% of Ukraine's voters live in Crimea.[48]
Campaign
In the election campaign the parties positions on foreign relations and the War in Donbass could be roughly divided into two groups.[58] The first group consisted of pro-European parties that advocated to end the War in Donbass by use of force and consisted of Fatherland Party, Civic Position, Radical Party and People's Front (this party was ambiguous about use of force).[58] Svoboda also wanted to end the War in Donbass by use of force.[58] The party Petro Poroshenko Bloc was the only pro-European party that wanted to end the War in Donbass by a peaceful solution.[58] The second group was Strong Ukraine and Opposition Bloc who were considered pro-Russian and they advocated to end the War in Donbass by a peaceful solution.[58] The Communist Party of Ukraine (according to political scientist Tadeusz A. Olszański) "effectively supports the separatist rebellion".[58]
According to Olszański Radical Party and the Communists were the only left-wing parties.[58]
Registered parties and candidates
Nationwide party lists
On 26 September 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine finished registering the nationwide party lists. A total of 29 parties participated in the election.[59] Parties appeared on the ballot in the following order:[60]
- Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko
- Solidarity of Ukrainian Women
- Internet Party of Ukraine
- Opposition Bloc
- People's Front
- 5.10
- All-Ukrainian Agrarian Union "ZASTUP"
- Revival
- New Politics
- United Country
- People's Power
- Svoboda
- National Democratic Party of Ukraine
- Communist Party of Ukraine
- Self Reliance Party
- Ukraine is United
- Right Sector
- Ukraine of the Future
- Liberal Party of Ukraine
- Party of Greens of Ukraine
- Green Planet
- Petro Poroshenko Bloc
- Strength and Honour
- Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
- Strong Ukraine
- Fatherland
- Civil Position
- Bloc of Ukranian Left Forces
- Ukrainian Civil Movement
Forming of political coalitions
On 2 September Vitaliy Kovalchuk (the parliamentary leader) of UDAR stated that since his party and Petro Poroshenko Bloc had agreed to "joint participation in parliamentary elections" on 29 March 2014 the two parties were "in discussion" about "the format" for how to do so in these elections.[61] On 15 September it became clear that 30% of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc election list would be filled by members of UDAR and that UDAR leader Vitali Klitschko is at the top of this list, Klitschko vowed not to resign as incumbent Mayor of Kiev.[4][3]
7 September party congress of Civil Position decided that the party would participate in the election on a partly list with members of Democratic Alliance.[62]
On 10 September, the Fatherland Party split because party leaders Yatsenyuk and Turchynov became founding members of the new party People's Front.[7]
The biggest party in the previous 2012 parliamentary elections, Party of Regions, chose not to participate in the election because of a perceived lack of legitimacy (of the election), because not every resident of the Donbass could vote.[63] Individual members of the Party of Regions would take part in the election as candidates of the party Opposition Bloc.[8] According to Yuriy Boyko, who is heading the party's election list, Opposition Bloc does not represent parties, but consists only of individual politicians.[8]
Results
Nation-wide list
Parties | List votes | % | Swing % | Seats (constituencies) | Seats (proportional representation) | Seats (total) | Seats (% of total) | Change
(2012) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
People's Front | 3,485,191 | 22.16 | 18 | 64 | 82 | |||
Petro Poroshenko Bloc | 3,433,336 | 21.83 | 69 | 63 | 132 | |||
Self Reliance Party | 1,727,744 | 10.98 | 1 | 32 | 33 | |||
Opposition Bloc | 1,478,406 | 9.40 | 2 | 27 | 29 | |||
Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko | 1,171,697 | 7.45 | 0 | 22 | 22 | |||
All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" | 893,549 | 5.68 | 2 | 17 | 19 | |||
Freedom | 741,517 | 4.71 | 6 | — | 6 | |||
Communist Party of Ukraine | 608,756 | 3.87 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Civil Position | 489,116 | 3.11 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Strong Ukraine | 488,798 | 3.10 | 1 | — | 1 | |||
Zastup | 417,396 | 2.65 | 1 | — | 1 | |||
Right Sector | 284,574 | 1.81 | 1 | — | 1 | |||
Solidarity of Women of Ukraine | 104,586 | 0.66 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
5.10 | 67,056 | 0.42 | 0 | — | 0 | — | New party | |
Internet Party of Ukraine | 58,050 | 0.36 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Party of Greens of Ukraine | 39,503 | 0.25 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Green Planet | 38,045 | 0.24 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Revival | 31,109 | 0.19 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
One Country | 27,946 | 0.17 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Ukraine is One Country | 19,865 | 0.12 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
New Politics | 19,143 | 0.12 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Power of People | 17,810 | 0.11 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Ukraine of the Future | 14,092 | 0.08 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Strength and Honour | 13,712 | 0.08 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Ukrainian Civil Movement | 12,960 | 0.08 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Bloc of Left Forces of Ukraine | 12,498 | 0.07 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
National Democratic Party of Ukraine | 11,905 | 0.07 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists | 9,055 | 0.05 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Liberal Party of Ukraine | 8,430 | 0.05 | 0 | — | 0 | |||
Volia | DNP11 | DNP | N/A | |||||
Independents (elected in electoral districts (see below)) | DNP11 | DNP | N/A | 97 | — | 97 | ||
Invalid ballot papers | ||||||||
Total | 317 | 100 | ||||||
Sources: (Proportional votes, Constituency seats) Central Electoral Commission of Ukraine & ((% of total seats) Notes:
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For the first time since Ukraine's 1991 independence the Communist Party of Ukraine has no parliamentary representation.[2][24][26] Since previous to its independence Ukraine was an administrative unit of the Communist Soviet Union this means that for the first time since 1918 Communists are not involved in Ukrainian national politics.[64]
On 26 October the Central Electoral Commission of Ukraine released the final results from polling stations abroad; Ukrainian voters who had voted outside Ukraine had given 25.38% of their votes to People's Front, 22.24% to Self Reliance, 21.72% to Petro Poroshenko Bloc, 8.16% to Right Sector, 6.5% to Svoboda, 4.74% to Civil Position and 2.44% to Fatherland.[65]
Electoral districts
In the 225 electoral districts participated some 3,321 candidates out of which 2,018 were independent candidates.[66] In 27 electoral districts elections were not held/possible due to the War in Donbass.[1] 52 political parties nominated candidates.[66] 147 candidates withdrew after registration of candidates had ended on 1 October.[67]
Voter turnout
According to Ukrainian democracy watchdag OPORA voter turnout in the elections appeared to be 51.2%.[22] In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election the total voter turnout in the election was 57.99%.[27] Late August 2014 Irina Bekeshkina of Democratic Initiative Foundation predicted that 50% of the people who had voted for the Party of Regions and Communist Party of Ukraine (both popular particularly in Eastern Ukraine[69]) in the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election would not participate in the 2014 elections.[70]
Opinion polls
Poll results are listed in the table below in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first. The percentages that overcome the 5% election threshold[71] are displayed in bold, and the background shaded in the leading party's colour. In the instance that there is a tie, then no figure is bolded. The lead column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the two parties with the highest figures. Poll results use the date the survey's fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. However, if such date is unknown, the date of publication will be given instead.
Date | Polling firm | PoR | Fatherland | UDAR | Svoboda | CPU | Poroshenko Bloc | Radical | CP | SU | SR | PF[a] | Others | Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12–21 Oct | Gorshenin Institute | [b] | 10.4 | [c] | 3 | 2.8 | 24.2 | 7.4 | 5.4 | 4 | 5.3 | 7.9 | 7.1[d] | 13.8 |
9–18 Oct | KIIS, Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation | [b] | 4.7 | [c] | 2 | 2.8 | 20.5 | 8.6 | 3.3 | 3.75 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 9.75[e] | 11.9 |
1–8 Oct | Rating | [b] | 6.9 | [c] | ~4 | 4.5 | 33.5 | 12.8 | 4.6 | 7.8 | 5.4 | 8.9 | ~11.6[f] | 20.7 |
24 Sep – 5 Oct | GfK Ukraine | 8.7 | 29.9 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 21.2 | |||||||
19–22 Sep | Active Group | [b] | 6.3 | [c] | 4 | 2.9 | 40.8 | 11.7 | 8.2 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 6.6 | 12.8 | 29.1 |
15–21 Sep | All-Ukrainian Sociological Service[g] | [b] | 11.7 | [c] | 9.4 | 2.4 | 40.5 | 12.5 | 6.6 | 4.7 | 3.2 | 6.6 | 2.4 | 28 |
12–21 Sep | KIIS, Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation | [b] | 7.8 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 39.5 | 10.4 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 2.6 | 5.8 | 8.2 | 29.1 |
5–12 Sep | UISPP (NAPS) | 2.0 | 7.9 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 31.5 | 12.7 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 3.0 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 18.8 |
5–10 Sep | SOCIS | 1.9 | 8.1 | [c] | 4.5 | 2.9 | 45.7 | 13.7 | 8.1 | 4.4 | 2.0 | 5.6 | 3.1 | 32.0 |
23 Aug – 2 Sep | KIIS | 3.8 | 6.1 | [c] | 4.4 | 4.6 | 37.1 | 13.1 | 9.7 | 7.8 | 2.9 | 6.4 | 2.3 | 24.0 |
2014 parliamentary election campaign | ||||||||||||||
14–25 Aug | GfK Ukraine | 2 | 13[h] | 6 | 4 | 3 | 16 | 14 | 7 | 6 | 1 | -[i] | 2 | 2 |
16–23 Jul | KIIS | 2.7 | 17.4 | 11.5 | 6.9 | 3.9 | 11.1 | 22.2 | 11.5 | 5.3 | 3.3 | - | 4.2 | 4.8 |
28 Jun – 10 Jul | Rating | 3.8 | 16.6[j] | 8.7 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 27.8 | 11.5 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 1.0 | - | 7.6 | 11.2 |
2014 presidential election | ||||||||||||||
8–18 May | Democratic Initiative Foundation | 3[k] | 10.4 | 6.8 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 22.4 | 4.5 | NP[b] | 4.2 | 1.2 | - | 4.3[l] | 12 |
8–13 May | Rating | 9[m] | 17.4 | 13.1 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 26.6 | 7.2 | 6.8 | – | 0.8 | - | 6.2 | 9.2 |
25–29 Apr | Razumkov Centre | 11.6[m] | 20.3 | 12.2 | 5.2 | 6.5 | 31.1 | 5.7 | – | – | - | - | 7.4 | 10.8 |
14–26 Mar | International Republican Institute[g][n] | 9.5 | 25.5 | 19 | 8 | 6.5 | 17.5 | – | – | – | - | - | 16 | 6.5 |
14–19 Mar | SOCIS, KIIS, Rating, Razumkov Centre | 13.6 | 22.2 | 16.4 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 21.6 | 5.7 | – | – | - | - | 8.5 | 0.6 |
1–6 Mar | Social Monitoring Centre[g] | 16.6 | 21.7 | 19.8 | 6.5 | 7.9 | 13.7 | 4.4 | – | – | - | - | 9.5 | 0.9 |
24 Feb – 4 Mar | SOCIS | 12.9 | 22.7 | 22.3 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 18.9 | 3.7 | – | – | - | - | 5.9 | 0.4 |
28 Feb – 3 Mar | KIIS[g] | 16.2 | 24 | 25.4 | 7.1 | 10.8 | 4.6 | 5.4 | – | – | - | - | 6.7 | 1.4 |
2014 Ukrainian revolution | ||||||||||||||
24 Jan – 1 Feb | SOCIS | 29.2 | 21.4 | 23.4 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 9.8 | 1.1 | – | – | - | - | 3.5 | 5.8 |
17–26 Jan | SOCIS | 29.2 | 20.2 | 23.8 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 9.4 | 0.7 | – | – | - | - | 2.3 | 5.4 |
2014 calendar year | ||||||||||||||
23–27 Dec | R&B Group[g] | 36.6 | 22.1 | 21.8 | 9.4 | 7.1 | – | – | – | – | - | - | 3.1 | 14.5 |
7–17 Dec | Rating[g] | 28.1 | 23.6 | 22.1 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 4.9 | 1.0 | – | – | - | - | 4.7 | 4.5 |
30 Sep – 8 Oct | Razumkov Centre[g] | 27.7 | 27.9 | 21 | 7 | 9.3 | – | 0.8 | – | – | - | - | 6.2 | 0.2 |
26 Sep – 6 Oct | Rating | 27.0 | 26 | 21 | 9 | 10 | – | – | – | – | - | - | 7.0 | 1.0 |
15–25 Sep | R&B Group[g] | 32.9 | 27.9 | 19.9 | 7.9 | 9.1 | – | – | – | – | - | - | 2.5 | 5.0 |
2013 calendar year | ||||||||||||||
28 October 2012 | 2012 election results | 30 | 25.6 | 14 | 10.5 | 13.2 | – | 1.08 | – | – | - | - | 6.9 | 4.4 |
- Notes
- ^ A new party led by Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Oleksandr Turchynov that was formed after several people left Fatherland on 21 August 2014 (see People's Front).
- ^ a b c d e f g In this poll this party was either not polled as an independent party, or its results were categorised in its "Others"-section.
- ^ a b c d e f g In this poll UDAR and Yuri Lutsenko were polled along with the Bloc of Petro Poroshenko.
- ^ In this poll 19% of respondents who intend to vote had not decided whom to vote for and 3.5% were unable to answer the question.
- ^ In this poll 32% of respondents who intend to vote had not decided whom to vote for.
- ^ In this poll, Opposition Bloc received 5.1%, thus overcoming the threshold required to enter the Rada.
- ^ a b c d e f g h This survey shows its poll results without disregarding those who are undecided or said they will abstain from voting (either physically or by voting blank). To obtain results comparable to other surveys and the official election results, the result shown in this table will be that obtained, with a simple rule of three, from disregarding undecided and/or abstaining voters from the totals offered in the survey.
- ^ The party would gain this result if Arseniy Yatsenyuk would be on its party list
- ^ The possible results for a possible (new) party of Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Oleksandr Turchynov were not polled
- ^ In this poll Front for Change, which is part of the Fatherland coalition, was polled independently and received 3.4% of decided votes.
- ^ For the results of Strong Ukraine see SU section in this table.
- ^ In this poll 23.1% of respondents had not decided whom to vote for and 11.8% had stated that they would not take part in the election.
- ^ a b Including Strong Ukraine.
- ^ Some opinion polls round their data so that in the end up showing a .0 or a .5 value. This practise is maintained for these polls when disregarding undecided and/or abstaining voters from the totals so as to avoid different interpretations of the same value.
Conduct
The elections will be monitored by 2,321 accredited foreign observers.[72] 304 of them on behalf of 21 states and 2,017 from 20 international organisations.[72]
The Ukrainian democratic watchdog OPORA stated about the elections that they were legitimate, but that "the [election] campaign cannot be called fully free within the limits of the country" because of the fighting in the Donbass region.[22] The NGO Committee of Voters of Ukraine asked the Central Election Commission of Ukraine to declare invalid the results of constituencies 45 and 102 because there "significant irregularities were numerous".[22]
The OSCE stated about the elections that they were "in line with international commitments, and were characterized by many positive aspects, including an impartial and efficient Central Election Commission, competitive contests that offered voters real choice, and general respect for fundamental freedoms".[22] European Council President Herman Van Rompuy and European Commission President José Manuel Barroso called the elections "a victory of the people of Ukraine and of democracy".[22] US President Barack Obama and his Secretary of State John Kerry also congratulated Ukraine "on successful parliamentary elections".[22] The day after the election Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stated "I think we will recognize this election because it is very important for us that Ukraine will finally have authorities that do not fight one another, do not drag Ukraine to the West or to the East, but that will deal with the real problems facing the country".[23] He also hoped that the new Ukrainian government "will be constructive, will not seek to continue escalating confrontational tendencies in society, (in ties) with Russia".[23] Lavrov's Deputy Foreign Minister Grigory Karasin stated "the election is valid in spite of the rather harsh and dirty election campaign".[23] Karasin also "welcomed the success of parties supporting a peaceful resolution of the conflict in eastern Ukraine" and warned that "nationalistic and chauvinistic forces" in parliament could undermine peace efforts and were "extremely dangerous".[23] Senator Vladimir Dzhabarov, acting chairman of the (Russian) Federation Council's International Affairs Committee, stated that "The contacts earlier established between the State Duma and the Federation Council on the one hand and the Verkhovna Rada on the other will hopefully be re-launched in some format" although he stated he could not imagine how this contacts would developed since he believed "The new Ukrainian parliament has become more radical-minded".[23] Dzhabarov claimed about the elections that "If such elections had been held in some other country, in Russia for instance, the West would have never recognized them as legitimate. Nevertheless, the West and Europe have recognized the Ukrainian elections as valid".[23] Observers of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation did were positive about the elections and in particular welcomed the fact that "administrative resources" were not used in the elections.[22] Observers of the International Republican Institute also expressed this opinion and stated that its observers had witnessed only minor non-systemic irregularities that could not have affected the outcome of the election.[22]
Government formation
The morning after the election the Petro Poroshenko Bloc and the People's Front started negotiations on forming a parliamentary coalition.[73] 226 votes are needed to form a simple majority in the Verkhovna Rada.[2] Late 27 October preliminary results indicated that both parties had won (together) 207 seats.[2] By 30 October 2014 Self Reliance, Fatherland and the Radical Party were also involved in negotiations.[25][74]
Notes
- ^ For this election UDAR and Petro Poroshenko Bloc were unified.[4] In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election UDAR won 13.96% and 40 seats.[5]
- ^ Compared with the result from UDAR (40 seats) in the previous parliamentary election.[4][5]
- ^ People's Front is a September 2014 split of the Fatherland Party.[7]
- ^ Individual members of the Party of Regions took part in the election as candidates of Opposition Bloc.[8] In the last election Party of Regions won 30% and 185 seats.[5]
- ^ In a Research & Branding Group opinion poll held from 26 July until 5 August 72% of respondents supported the call for early elections.[29]
- ^ The status of the Crimea and of the city of Sevastopol is currently under dispute between Russia and Ukraine; Ukraine and the majority of the international community consider the Crimea to be an autonomous republic of Ukraine and Sevastopol to be one of Ukraine's cities with special status, while Russia, on the other hand, considers the Crimea to be a federal subject of Russia and Sevastopol to be one of Russia's three federal cities.[33][57]
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- ^ a b Klitschko has no plans to leave post of Kyiv mayor, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
- ^ a b c Template:Ru icon Pilots, combatants, and journalists. Who goes to the new Verkhovna Rada , Korrespondent.net (15 September 2014)
Klitschko: I lead my team to Parliament, UDAR official website (14 September 2014)
Deadline for nomination of candidates running in early election to Rada expires, ITAR-TASS (15 September 2014) - ^ a b c d e Ukraine Mining Laws and Regulations Handbook: Strategic Information, Basic Laws and Regulations, Ibp Usa, 16 August 2012, ISBN 1438778406 (page 14)
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- ^ a b Template:Uk iconYatsenyuk became a leader of the "People's Front" political council, while Turchynov is a head of its headquarters. Ukrayinska Pravda. 10 September 2014
Ukrainian PM, Parliament Speaker to Head Newly Formed Popular Front Party, RIA Novosti (10 September 2014) - ^ a b c Opposition Bloc chooses top ten candidates for parliamentary elections, Interfax Ukraine (23 September 2014)
Allies of Yanukovych trying for parliament, Kyiv Post (21 September 2014)
Party Of Regions Will Not Contest Snap Parliamentary Elections Independently, Ukrainian News Agency (14 September 2014) - ^ a b c d Ukraine President Poroshenko Calls Snap General Election, Bloomberg News (25 August 2014)
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- ^ a b c d e Template:Uk icon The CEC explained how to vote to inhabitants of Russian-occupied territories, 5 Kanal (2 September 2014)
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- ^ a b Template:Uk icon Перший крок до зриву виборів, Ukrayinska Pravda (9 April 2012)
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Template:Uk icon Poroshenko decree to dissolve the Council are published, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014)
Template:Uk icon Poroshenko put an end to the dissolution of, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014) - ^ В Украине на выборах будет работать 2 тыс. 321 иностранный наблюдатель, Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (21 October 2014)
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CVU to ask CEC to declare invalid elections at constituencies Nos. 45 and 102, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
OSCE claims elections in Ukraine held up to democratic standards, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
Voting, tabulation in Rada elections organized properly - OSCE observers, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
OSCE: Ukraine elections a step forward, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
Barroso, Van Rompuy call Ukraine elections a victory of democracy, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
PABSEC speaks positively of Verkhovna Rada elections, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
International Republican Institute congratulates Ukraine on elections that meet international standards, Interfax-Ukraine (28 October 2014)
John Kerry: Ukraine's parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (28 October 2014) - ^ a b c d e f g Moscow acknowledges Ukrainian election as valid, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
Ukraine elections: Pro-Western parties set for victory, BBC News (27 October 2014)
Russia to Recognize Ukraine Election Results, Says Lavrov, The Moscow Times (27 October 2014)
Russia's Lavrov hopes for 'constructive' Ukrainian government: Tass, Reuters (27 October 2014)
Russian senators prepared to cooperate with new Verkhovna Rada, Kyiv Post (28 October 2014) - ^ a b c d Latest vote count shows virtually no change in political configuration - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
- ^ a b Poroshenko and Yatsenyuk’s parties maneuver for lead role in coalition , Kyiv Post (29 October 2014)
- ^ a b Exit polls: seven parties get into the parliament (UPDATING), Kyiv Post (26 October 2014)
- ^ a b CEC:Turnout in Ukraine's parliamentary elections 57.99%, Kyiv Post (29 October 2012)
- ^ Template:Uk icon Law of Ukraine "On Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine " dated 17 November 2011, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine
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- ^ Rada registers bill setting early parliamentary elections date for September 28, 2014, Interfax-Ukraine (24 July 2014)
- ^ a b Poroshenko frustrated by Rada refusing to recognize self-proclaimed republics as terrorist organizations, Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014)
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Ukraine's Petro Poroshenko Dissolves Parliament, Sets Election Date, The Moscow Times (26 August 2014)
President's address on the occasion of early parliamentary elections of October 26, Presidential Administration of Ukraine (25 August 2014) - ^ a b Poroshenko, Yatseniuk, Turchynov Agree On Reducing Early Parliamentary Election Campaign From 60 To 45 Days, Ukrainian News Agency (31 July 2014)
- ^ Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, And Institutional Design by Paul D'Anieri, M.E. Sharpe, 2006, ISBN 0-7656-1811-7 (page 251)
Black Sea Fleet vote: Know thy turncoats, Kyiv Post (6 May 2010)
Ukraine needs constitutional change now, Kyiv Post (7 May 2009) - ^ Rada fails to put on today's agenda three bills on elections of MPs, Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014)
- ^ Draft Law on the election of members of Parliament of Ukraine, Venice Commission (28 June 2011)
- ^ The Distorted Will of the People, The Ukrainian Week (5 November 2012)
- ^ After counting all ballots at 116 foreign polling stations "Svoboda" wins in parliamentary elections in Ukraine, National Radio Company of Ukraine (29 October 2012)
No violations reported at Ukraine’s overseas polling stations, ITAR-TASS (28 October 2012) - ^ Central Election Commission forms 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine and 114 abroad, Kyiv Post (12 April 2012)
- ^ На выборах не смогут проголосовать почти 5 млн украинцев Подробности читайте на УНИАН: http://www.unian.net/politics/1000335-na-vyiborah-ne-smogut-progolosovat-pochti-5-mln-ukraintsev.html, Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (24 October 2014)
- ^ Poroshenko Bloc, Radical Party and People's Front to enter parliament, latest poll says, Kyiv Post (22 October 2014)
- ^ Masked gunmen tighten grip on eastern Ukraine, Reuters (30 April 2014)
- ^ Ukraine conflict: Donetsk rebels parade captured soldiers, BBC News (24 August 2014)
- ^ Poroshenko Declares Victory in Ukraine Presidential Election, The Wall Street Journal (25 May 2014)
- ^ Russia will recognise outcome of Ukraine poll, says Vladimir Putin, The Guardian (23 May 2014)
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- ^ CEC chairman briefs OSCE observers on preparations for parliamentary elections in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (15 October 2014)
- ^ Over 190,000 people, including over 30,000 residents of Donbas, change polling place in early parliamentary elections - CEC, Kyiv Post (21 October 2014)
- ^ Parliamentary elections could be held at 18 of 32 constituencies in Donbas, Kyiv Post (9 October 2014)
- ^ Only in six constituencies of Donetsk region and one constituency in Luhansk region voting to be at all polling stations, says CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (26 October 2014)
- ^ "Is Crimea gone? Annexation no longer the focus of Ukraine crisis". CNN. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
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- ^ ЦИК завершила регистрацию партий на внеочередных выборах в парламент, Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (26 September 2014)
- ^ ЦИК определила порядковые номера партий на выборах в Раду, Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (27 September 2014)
- ^ Template:Uk icon Block Poroshenko and kick off to the polls together, TVi (2 September 2014)
- ^ Template:Uk icon The party decided Gritsenko, who will go to Council, Ukrayinska Pravda (7 September 2014)
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- ^ Ukrainian Communist leader Symonenko not planning to leave country, Interfax-Ukraine (29 October 2014)
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- ^ Registration of candidates to run in early parliamentary elections in Ukraine ended, Interfax Ukraine (01.10.2014)
- ^ Results of the vote count, Kyiv Post (9 November 2012)
- ^ Poll: Political forces of Tigipko, Yatseniuk, Communist Party in Top 5 of April rating of parties, Kyiv Post (12 May 2010)
- ^ Template:Uk icon With a low start. How to change the parliament for early elections , Focus (4 August 2014)
- ^ Template:Uk icon Poll: Council to pass seven parties, Ukrayinska Pravda (25 July 2014)
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- ^ Negotiations on forming parliament coalition begin in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
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Batkivschyna reports constructive talks between Poroshenko, Tymoshenko on coalition formation, Interfax-Ukraine (30 October 2014)