Coronal consonant
| Places of articulation |
|---|
|
Labial |
| Bilabial |
| Labial–velar |
| Labial–coronal |
| Labiodental |
| Dentolabial |
|
Bidental |
|
Coronal |
| Linguolabial |
| Interdental |
| Dental |
| Denti-alveolar |
| Alveolar |
| Postalveolar |
| Palato-alveolar |
| Alveolo-palatal |
| Retroflex |
|
Dorsal |
| Palatal |
| Labial–palatal |
| Velar |
| Uvular |
| Uvular–epiglottal |
|
Radical |
| Pharyngeal |
| Epiglotto-pharyngeal |
| Epiglottal |
|
Glottal |
| Tongue shape |
|
Apical |
| Laminal |
| Subapical |
|
Lateral |
| Sulcal |
|
Palatal |
| Pharyngeal |
|
See also: Manner of articulation |
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Coronal consonants are consonants articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue. Only the coronal consonants can be divided into apical (using the tip of the tongue), laminal (using the blade of the tongue), domed (with the tongue bunched up), or subapical (using the underside of the tongue), as well as a few rarer orientations[which?], because only the front of the tongue has such dexterity. Coronals also have another dimension, grooved, that is used to make sibilants in combination with the orientations above. In Arabic and Maltese philology the sun letters represent coronal consonants.
[edit] Places of articulation
Coronal places of articulation include the dental consonants at the upper teeth, the alveolar consonants at the upper gum (the alveolar ridge), the various postalveolar consonants (domed palato-alveolar, laminal alveolo-palatal, and apical retroflex) just behind that, the true retroflex consonants curled back against the hard palate, and linguolabial consonants with the tongue against the upper lip.
| IPA Symbol |
Name of the consonant | Example | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|
| z | Voiced alveolar fricative | zoo | /zuː/ |
| s | Voiceless alveolar fricative | sea | /siː/ |
| ð | Voiced dental fricative | that | /ðæt/ |
| θ | Voiceless dental fricative | thud | /θʌd/ |
| ʒ | Voiced postalveolar fricative | vision | /vɪʒən/ |
| ʃ | Voiceless postalveolar fricative | she | /ʃiː/ |
| n | Alveolar nasal | name | /neɪm/ |
| d | Voiced alveolar plosive | day | /deɪ/ |
| t | Voiceless alveolar plosive | tea | /tiː/ |
| ɹ | Alveolar approximant | reef | /ɹiːf/ |
| l | Lateral alveolar approximant | lift | /lɪft/ |
| r | Alveolar trill | Spanish perro | /pero/ |
| ɾ | Alveolar tap | Spanish pero | /peɾo/ |
[edit] See also
- Peripheral consonants, the set of non-coronal consonants
- Apical consonant
- Laminal consonant
- Subapical consonant
- Place of articulation
- List of phonetics topics
[edit] References
- Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19814-8.
