Voiced alveolar affricate
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| Voiced alveolar sibilant affricate | |
|---|---|
| d͡z | |
| d͜z | |
| IPA number | 104 133 |
| Encoding | |
| Entity (decimal) | ʣ |
| Unicode (hex) | U+02A3 |
| X-SAMPA | dz |
| Kirshenbaum | dz |
| Sound | |
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The voiced alveolar sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with ⟨d͡z⟩ or ⟨d͜z⟩ (formerly ⟨ʣ⟩).
Contents |
Features [edit]
Features of the voiced alveolar sibilant affricate:
- Its manner of articulation is sibilant affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the air flow entirely, then directing it with the tongue to the sharp edge of the teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal.
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
Occurrence [edit]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz | аӡы | [ɑˈd͡zɨ] | 'water' | See Abkhaz phonology | ||
| Adyghe | дзэлӀы |  [d͡zaɬʼə] (help·info) |
'soldier' | |||
| Albanian | xehe | [d͡zɛhɛ] | 'mineral' | |||
| Arabic | Najdi | قـليب | [d͡zɛ̝lib] | 'well' | corresponds to /q/, /g/, or /dʒ/ in other dialects. | |
| Armenian | Eastern[1] | ձուկ | [d͡zuk] (help·info) |
'snow' | ||
| Western | ծակ | [d͡zɑɡ] | 'hole' | |||
| Azerbaijani | some Western dialects | Cəbrayıl | [d͡zæbɾɑˈjɯɫ] | 'Jibra'il' | corresponds to /d͡ʒ/ or /ɟ/ in other dialects. | |
| Berber | Kabyle | Lz̗ayer | [ld͡zajər] | 'Algeria' | ||
| Catalan[2] | dotze | [ˈdodd͡zə] | 'twelve' | See Catalan phonology | ||
| French | Quebec | samedi | [samd͡zi] | 'Saturday' | Allophone of /d/ before /i/ and /y/. See Quebec French phonology | |
| Georgian[3] | ძვალი | [d͡zvɑli] | 'bone' | |||
| Greek | τζάμι | [ˈd͡zami] | 'window pane' | |||
| Hebrew | תזונה | [d͡zuna] | 'nutrition' | See Modern Hebrew phonology | ||
| Hungarian | bodza | [bod͡zːɒ] | 'elderberry' | See Hungarian phonology | ||
| Iu Mien | nzoc | [d͡zò] | 'drum' | |||
| Japanese | 水 mizu | [mʲiˈdzu͍] | 'water' | Some speakers. See Japanese phonology | ||
| Kabardian | дзын | [d͡zən] | 'to throw' | |||
| Macedonian | ѕвезда | [ˈd͡zvɛzda] | 'star' | See Macedonian phonology; also occurs as an allophone of /z/ before /i/ and /ɛ/ in some dialects. | ||
| Ngwe | Nwametaw dialect | [mə̀d͡zə̀] | 'path' | |||
| Occitan | Rhodanien Provençal | joine | [ˈd͡zujne] | 'young' | ||
| Pashto | پنځه | [pind͡zə] | 'five' | |||
| Portuguese[4] | European, northern | dezasseis | [d͡zɐˈs̺ejs̺] | 'sixteen' | Apart from a few loanwords, occurs as a result of vowel elision leading to sandhi. See Portuguese phonology | |
| European, central-southern | [d͡zɐˈsɐjʃ] | |||||
| Brazilian | dezessete | [d͡ze̞ˈsɛtʃɪ] | 'seventeen' | |||
| Northern Qiang | ? | [ɣd͡zə] | 'rabbit' | |||
| Slovak | sadzba | [sad͡zba] | 'tariff' | |||
| Ubykh | [məˈdza] | 'light' | See Ubykh phonology | |||
| West Frisian | widze | [ʋɪd͡zǝ] | 'cradle' | |||
| Yi | ꋩ/zzy | [d͡zɪ˧] | 'ride' | |||
See also [edit]
References [edit]
Bibliography [edit]
- Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009), Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Hualde, José (1992), Catalan, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-05498-2
- Shosted, Ryan K.; Chikovani, Vakhtang (2006), "Standard Georgian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36 (2): 255–264, doi:10.1017/S0025100306002659
