List of bicycle-sharing systems

This is a list of bicycle-sharing systems, both docked and dockless. As of December 2016, roughly 1000 cities worldwide have a bike-sharing program.

Bicycle sharing systems

Main article: Bicycle-sharing system

The following table lists more than 330 active bicycle-sharing systems across the world. Most systems listed allow users to pick up and drop off bicycles at any of the automated stations within the network.

City	Country	Name	System	Operator	Launched	Discontinued	Stations	Bicycles	Daily ridership	Website
Barton-upon-Humber	United Kingdom (England)	Factory Bikes	WhiteBikes	Elswick Hopper	19??	19??
Amsterdam	Netherlands	WhiteBikes	WhiteBikes	Provo	1965	1966		50
Cambridge	United Kingdom (England)	GreenBike	WhiteBikes		1993	1995		300
Portland, Oregon	United States of America	Yellow Bike Project	WhiteBikes	Yellow Bike Project	1994	1997		1000		[1]
Copenhagen	Denmark	Bycykler København	Bycykler		1995	October 2012		initially 800 (later 2500)
Portsmouth	United Kingdom (England)	Bikeabout	Public Velo	University of Portsmouth	1996	1998
Sandnes	Norway		WhiteBikes	volunteers and city council	1996	2002		225
Austin	United States of America	Yellow Bike Project	WhiteBikes	Austin YBP and city council	January 1997			200		[2]
St. Paul	United States of America	Yellow Bike Project	WhiteBikes w/ BikeCard	volunteers and city council	1997					[3]
Trondheim	Norway	Trondheim City Bikes	Bycykler		1998	2005		200
Rennes	France	LE vélo STAR	Clear CC		June 1998		82	800		[4]
Aveiro	Portugal	Buga			2000		1	300		[5]
Cologne	Germany	Call a Bike	Call a Bike flex		March 2000		dockless			[6]
Frankfurt am Main	Germany	Call a Bike	Call a Bike flex		March 2000		dockless			[7]
Munich	Germany	Call a Bike	Call a Bike flex		March 2000		dockless			[8]
Drammen	Norway	Drammen City Bikes	Clear CC		2001					[9]
Sandnes	Norway		Clear CC		2002
Vienna	Austria	Viennabike	Bycykler	Association and city council	April 2002	November 2002	200	1500
Aarhus	Denmark	Aarhus City Bikes	Bycykler (CIOS ApS)	Aarhus Municipality	March 2004		52	450		[10]
Towns and cities in the Netherlands: all over the country, mainly at railway stations	Netherlands	OV-fiets	OV-Fiets/Nederlandse Spoorwegen		2003		230	5000+		[11]
Oslo	Norway	Oslo Bysykkel	Clear CC		2003		106			[12]
Gijón	Spain	Gijon-Bici	Cyclocity		2003		8	64
Córdoba	Spain	Eco-bici	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	2003		4	35		[13]
Berlin	Germany	Call a Bike	Call a Bike flex		March 2003		dockless			[14]
Vienna	Austria	Citybike	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	June 2003		121	1500		[15]
Angers	France	VéloCité	Cyclocity		2004					[16]
Towns and cities in the Netherlands: several locations	Netherlands	Bikedispenser			2005		5	500		[17] [18] [19] [20]
Trondheim	Norway	Trondheim City Bikes	Clear CC		2005		10	125		[21]
Lyon	France	Vélo'v	Cyclocity		19 May 2005		348	4000	22725	[22]
Grenoble	France	Métrovélo	Smoove		2006		16	1250		[23]
Stockholm	Sweden	Stockholm City bikes	Clear CC		April 2006		67	1000		[24]
Marseille	France	Le vélo	Cyclocity		2007		122	672	2484	[25]
Toulouse	France	VélôToulouse	Cyclocity		16 November 2007		280	2465	11802	[26]
Rouen	France	Cy'clic	Cyclocity		December 2007		21	190	419	[27]
Chalon-sur-Saône	France	Réflex	Smoove	Transdev	December 2007		14	100		[28]
Barcelona	Spain	Bicing	Clear CC		22 March 2007		424	6000	28093	[29]
Seville	Spain	Sevici	Cyclocity		April 2007		259	2100		[30]
Århus	Denmark	Bycyklen			May 2007		57	400		[31]
Montpellier	France	Vélomagg'	Smoove		June 2007		52	2414		[32]
Orléans	France	Vélo'+	EFFIA		June 2007		33	300		[33]
Stuttgart	Germany	Call a Bike	Call a Bike fix		June 2007		64	400		[34]
Pamplona	Spain	n'bici			July 2007		5	101		[35]
Paris	France	Vélib'	Cyclocity		15 July 2007		1229	14500	108,09	[36]
Besançon	France	VéloCité	Cyclocity		September 2007		30	200	380	[37]
Poitiers	France	Cap'Vélo			September 2007			360		[38]
Mulhouse	France	VéloCité	Cyclocity		15 September 2007		40	240	486	[39]
New Delhi	India	Greenolution			2007		7			[40]
Magdeburg	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2008		21	100		[41]
Hamburg	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2008		30	250		[42]
Düsseldorf	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2008		45	400		[43]
Leipzig	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2008		60	500		[44]
Luzern	Switzerland	nextbike	nextbike		2008		30	280		[45]
Hangzhou	China	Hangzhou Public Bicycle			October 2008		2965	78000		[46]
Kraków	Poland	Wavelo	BikeU		October 2008		157	1500		[47]
Changwon	South Korea	NUBIJA			October 2008		235	2348		[48]
Jiangyin	China				November 2008		23	700
Milan	Italy	BikeMi	Clear CC		3 December 2008		323	5300	19000	[49]
Perpignan	France	BIP!	Clear CC		February 2008		15	150		[50]
Dijon	France	Velodi	Clear CC		February 2008		39	400		[51]
Amiens	France	Vélam	Cyclocity		February 2008		26	250	376	[52]
Caen	France	V'eol	Clear CC		March 2008		40	350		[53]
Luxembourg City	Luxembourg	Vel'oh	Cyclocity		March 2008		73	680		[54]
Nantes	France	Bicloo	Cyclocity		May 2008		103	885	3640	[55]
Zaragoza	Spain	Bizi	Clear CC		28 May 2008		130	1000		[56]
Bucharest	Romania	Cicloteque	Proprietary		31 July 2008		6	400		[57]
Santander	Spain	Tusbic	Cyclocity		September 2008		15	180		[58]
Lower Austria	Austria	LEIHRADL nextbike	nextbike		2009		295	1300		[59]
Vorarlberg	Austria		nextbike		2009		14	70		[60]
Burgenland	Austria	LEIHRADL nextbike	nextbike		2009		40			[61]
Montreal	Canada	BIXI Montréal	PBSC & 8D		2009		540	6200	8,808	[62]
Erfurt	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		10	30		[63]
Flensburg	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		10	30		[64]
Tübingen	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		9	50		[65]
Tübingen	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		9	50		[66]
Dresden	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		30+	200		[67]
Frankfurt am Main	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		30	300		[68]
Berlin	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		50+	300		[69]
Coburg	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		5			[70]
Bielefeld	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2009		10			[71]
Vevey	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2009		5	41		[72]
Blackpool	United Kingdom (England)	Hire-a-Bike	Hourbike		2009		60	400		[73]
Taipei	Taiwan	YouBike			November 2009		196	6046		[74]
Shanghai	China		Forever Bicycle		March 2009		596	19165		[75]
Cergy-Pontoise	France	VélO2	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	March 2009		42	320	184	[76]
Brussels	Belgium	Villo!	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	19 May 2009 (earlier system since 2006)		346	4115		[77]
Lausanne	Switzerland	velopass Template:Fr			June 2009	April 2013
Vannes	France	Vélocéa	OYBike		June 2009		20	174		[78]
Nice	France	Vélo Bleu	OYBike		July 2009		175	1750		[79]
Avignon	France	Vélopop'	Smoove		July 2009		17	200		[80]
Hamburg	Germany	StadtRAD Hamburg	Call a Bike	Deutsche Bahn	July 2009		200	2450		[81]
Dublin	Ireland	Dublin Bikes	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	September 2009		102	950		[82]
Girona	Spain	Girocleta			25 September 2009		10	260		[83]
Nancy	France	VélOstan	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	27 September 2009		29	250	675	[84]
Mysuru	India	Embarq, India			2009		52			[85]
Buenos Aires	Argentina	Ecobici	Serttel Brasil	Bike In Baires Consortium.	2010		150	1800		[86]
Qingzhou	China				2010		550	10300		[87]
Bochum	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		6	30		[88]
Oberhausen	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		8	40		[89]
Herne	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		7	45		[90]
Hamm	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		10	50		[91]
Mülheim a. Ruhr	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		13	65		[92]
Offenburg	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2010		13	86		[93]
Potsdam	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2010		20	150		[94]
Gelsenkirchen	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		4			[95]
Duisburg	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		14			[96]
Bottrop	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		15			[97]
Essen	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		25			[98]
Dortmund	Germany	metropolradruhr	nextbike		2010		27			[99]
Mexico City	Mexico	Ecobici	Clear CC		2010		452	6500	31000	[100]
Rzeszów	Poland	RoweRes			2010		16			[101]
Sion	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2010		7	69		[102]
Lugano	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2010		9	88		[103]
Freiburg	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2010		8	94		[104]
Aigle, Monthey	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2010		10	99		[105]
Newcastle	United Kingdom (England)	ScratchBikes (known as WhipBikes until 2011)	ScratchBikes		2010		12	60		[106]
Nottingham	United Kingdom (England)	Ucycle	Sustrans & Evans Cycles		2010		0	460		[107]
Des Moines, Iowa	United States of America	Des Moines B-cycle	B-Cycle		2010		4	18		[108]
Denver, Colorado	United States of America	Denver B-cycle	B-Cycle		2010		89	737		[109]
Eugene, Oregon	United States of America	PeaceHealth Rides	PeaceHealth Rides		2018		36	300		[110]
Minneapolis, Minnesota and Saint Paul, Minnesota	United States of America	Nice Ride	PBSC & 8D		2010		171	1833		[111]
Washington, D.C. area	United States of America	Capital Bikeshare	PBSC & 8D	Motivate	2010		406	4457		[112]
Taizhou, Zhejiang	China				2010		200	13000		[113]
Suzhou	China				2010		976	22940		[114]
Zhongshan	China				2010		527	11180		[115]
Wuxi	China	Wuxibike			January 2010		27	1500		[116]
Strasbourg	France	Vélhop	Smoove		October 2010		4	1852		[117]
Chengdu (Gaoxin District)	China	–			December 2010		72	1200
Bordeaux	France	VCUB	Keolis		February 2010		139	1545		[118]
La Rochelle	France	Yélo			February 2010 (earlier system since 1974)		63	300		[119]
Valence, Drôme	France	Libélo	Smoove	Transdev	March 2010		20	380		[120]
Fargo, ND	United States of America	GreatRides	B-Cycle		15 March 2010		11	101		[121]
Meridian, Colorado	United States of America	M-Bike	Zagster		15 March 2010		11			[122]
Toyama, Toyama	Japan	Cyclocity Toyama	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	22 March 2010		17	130
Créteil	France	Cristolib	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	April 2010		10	75	12	[123]
Chengdu (Jinniu District)	China	–	Shanghai Forever Bicycle Co.		June 2010		156	1500
Melbourne	Australia	Melbourne Bike Share	PBSC & 8D	Motivate	June 2010		53	676		[124]
Zhangjiagang	China	Forever Bicycle	Forever Bicycle		June 2010		152	3200
Guangzhou	China	GZ-Public Bicycle			June 2010		50	4840		[125]
Elche (Elx)	Spain	bicielx			14 June 2010		14	200		[126]
Valencia	Spain	ValenbiSi!	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	22 June 2010		276	2400		[127]
St. Etienne	France	Vélivert formerly Vélo Vert	Smoove		26 June 2010		30	700		[128]
Calais	France	Vel'in	OYBike		July 2010		37	160		[129]
London	United Kingdom (England)	Santander Cycles (formerly Barclays Cycle Hire)	PBSC	Serco	30 July 2010		839	1		[130]
Yantai	China				August 2010		110	6000		[131]
Foshan	China				August 2010		208	11694		[132]
Gothenburg	Sweden	Styr & Ställ	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	10 August 2010		60	1000		[133]
Brisbane	Australia	CityCycle	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	September 2010		150	2000		[134]
Kunshan	China		Forever Bicycle		September 2010		745	20000		[135]
Shenzhen / Shekou / Xiaomeisha	China	Shenzhen City Bicycle Public	Forever Bicycle		September 2010		16	350		[136]
Salzburg	Austria	nextbike	nextbike		2011					[137]
Rio de Janeiro	Brazil	Bike Rio	Mobilicidade		2011		60	300		[138]
(Pedro de) Toledo	Brazil	Toopedalando	Toopedalando		2011		6	60
Toronto	Canada	Bike Share Toronto (formerly Bixi Toronto)	PBSC	Motivate	2011		360	3750	6200	[139]
Medellin	Colombia	EnCicla	EnCicla	The Metropolitan Area of Aburra Valley	2011		50	1400		[140]
Lille	France	V'Lille	Keolis		2011		215	1100		[141]
Munich	Germany	nextbike	nextbike		2011		30	3000		[142]
Novi Sad	Serbia	NS Bike	Parking Servis		2011		5	70		[143]
Bern	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2011		8	54		[144]
Nyon, Gland	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		2011		13	167		[145]
Kailua, Hawaii	United States of America	Hawaii B-cycle	B-Cycle		2011		2	12		[146]
Spartanburg, South Carolina	United States of America	Spartanburg B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2011		5	40		[147]
Omaha, Nebraska	United States of America	Omaha B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2011		5	35		[148]
Boulder, Colorado	United States of America	Boulder B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2011		23	120		[149]
Madison, Wisconsin	United States of America	Madison B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2011		39	350		[150]
San Antonio, Texas	United States of America	San Antonio B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2011		68	600		[151]
Broward County, Florida	United States of America	Broward B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2011		35			[152]
Boston, Massachusetts	United States of America	Hubway	PBSC & 8D	Motivate	2011		158	1461	3268	[153]
Miami Beach, Florida	United States of America	Decobike	SandVault		2011		100	1000		[154]
Kitchener, Ontario	Canada	Community Access Bicycles	Community Access Bicycles		2011, relaunched 21 August 2013		7	65		[155]
Kaixian	China				January 2011		58	1600
Nicosia	Cyprus	EasyBike	Smoove	Brainbox	October 2011		27	315		[156]
Jiaxing	China	Jiaxing Public Bicycle			December 2011		334	7800		[157]
Tirana	Albania	Ecovolis			March 2011		8	200		[158]
Palma	Spain	Bicipalma			28 March 2011		28	336		[159]
Turin	Italy	ToBike			4 March 2011		184			[160]
Xi'an	China	Xianbicycle			April 2011		900	20000		[161]
Yokohama	Japan	Baybike			April 2011		15	300		[162]
Zhuzhou	China		Foshan Tianzhou		May 2011		1005	20000		[163]
Ljubljana	Slovenia	Bicike(lj)	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	12 May 2011		33	215		[164]
Fuzhou	China	Fuzhou Public Bicycle			June 2011		59	1400		[165]
Linhai	China				June 2011		82	2700		[166]
Wrocław	Poland	Wrocławski Rower Miejski	nextbike		June 2011		76	760		[167]
Shaoxing	China	Shaoxing Public Bicycle			15 June 2011		204	9000		[168]
Antwerp	Belgium	Velo	Clear CC		9 June 2011		302	3600		[169]
Mainz	Germany	MVGmeinRad			July 2011		120	1000		[170]
Sorocaba	Brazil	Integrabike	Mobilicidade		2012		15	120
São Paulo	Brazil	Bikesampa	Mobilicidade		2012		241	600		[171]
Quito	Ecuador	BiciQ	BiciQ		2012		25	425		[172]
Charlotte, North Carolina	United States of America	Charlotte B-Cycle	B-Cycle		2012		21	200		[173]
Kansas City, Missouri	United States of America	Kansas City B-cycle	B-Cycle		2012		30	300		[174]
Houston, Texas	United States of America	Houston B-cycle	B-Cycle		2012		51	400		[175]
Chattanooga, Tennessee	United States of America	Bike Chattanooga Bicycle Transit System	PBSC		2012		37	334		[176]
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma	United States of America	Spokies	Spokies		2012		7	100		[177]
Wuhu	China				2012		553	12000
Beijing	China				2012		508	16000		[178]
Bangkok	Thailand	CU Bike	Smoove		2012		5	125		[179]
Bangkok	Thailand	Pun Pun Bike Share			2012		50	500		[180]
Limassol	Cyprus	nextbike Cyprus	Nextbike		May 2012		13	170		[181]
Huangyan	China	Huangyan Public Bicycle			January 2012		93	2500		[182]
Haining	China	Haining Public Bicycle			October 2012		100	2200		[183]
Keratsini-Drapetsóna	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	November 2012		6	70		[184]
Zhuhai	China				December 2012		195	5000		[185]
Yixing	China	Yixing Public Bicycle			December 2012		148	3600		[186]
Huizhou	China	Guangzhou Huimin			April 2012		100	10000		[187]
Poznań	Poland	Poznański Rower Miejski	nextbike		April 2012		89	973		[188]
Warsaw	Poland	Bemowo Bike	nextbike		1 April 2012		15	140		[189]
Namur	Belgium	Libiavelo	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	21 April 2012		24	200		[190]
Heihe	China				May 2012		62	2230		[191]
Pioltello	Italy	Meglio in Bici			5 May 2012		2	20		[192]
Carugate	Italy	Meglio in Bici			5 May 2012		3	30		[193]
Cernusco sul Naviglio	Italy	Meglio in Bici			5 May 2012		3	40		[194]
Opole	Poland	Opole Bike	nextbike		15 June 2012		16	164		[195]
Warsaw	Poland	Veturilo	nextbike		1 August 2012		351	5100		[196]
Xuzhou	China				September 2012		480	18000		[197]
Taiyuan	China				September 2012		1262	41000		[198]
Ioannina	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	September 2012		2	10		[199]
Velenje	Slovenia	BICY	MICikel		18 September 2012		9	40		[200]
Mumbai	India	FreMo, Cycle Chalao			2012					[201]
Salvador	Brazil	Bike Salvador	Mobilicidade		2013		23			[202]
Santiago	Chile	Bikesantiago	B-Cycle		2013		53			[203]
Dunkirk	France	Dk'vélo	Veolia		2013		20	200		[204]
Sykiona	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		2013		4	24		[205]
Nea Smyrni	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		2013		3	40		[206]
Ancient Olympia	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		2013		4	60		[207]
Aktio-Vonitsa	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		2013		3	35		[208]
Aigialeia	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		2013		3	45		[209]
Marathónas	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		2013		4	50		[210]
Kavala	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	2013		4	52		[211]
East Mani	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	2013		6	100		[212]
Komotini	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	2013		6	100		[213]
Esztergom	Hungary	EBI			2013		9	93		[214]
Vilnius	Lithuania	CycloCity	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	2013		33	300		[215]
Málaga, Andalucía	Spain	MálagaBici	Cemusa		2013		20	400		[216]
Salt Lake City, Utah	United States of America	SLC Bike Share	B-Cycle		2013		12	100		[217]
Chicago, Illinois	United States of America	Divvy	PBSC	Motivate	2013		576	5837	13000	[218]
Szeged	Hungary	CityBike Szeged	CityBike Szeged		2013		12	100		[219]
Kazan	Russia	Veli'k	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	May 2013		7	100		[220]
Belfort	France	Optymo	Smoove		May 2013		21	200		[221]
Batumi	Georgia	BatumVelo	Smoove	Batumi Avtotransporti	May 2013		22	200		[222]
Clermont-Ferrand	France	C.Vélo	Smoove	SMTC	June 2013		10 (22)	100 (220)		[223]
Columbus, Ohio	United States of America	CoGo	PBSC	Motivate	July 2013		41	335		[224]
Battle Creek	United States of America	Battle Creek BCycle	B-Cycle		19 August 2013		3	21		[225]
Moscháto-Távros	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		January 2013		5	60		[226]
Naupactus	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	January 2013		4	60		[227]
Nantong	China	Nantong Economic and Technological Development Area Public Bicycle	Forever Publicbike Intelligent Systems		1 January 2013		182	3800		[228]
Yiwu	China				October 2013		52	1000		[229]
Jinhua	China	Jinhua Orange Public Bicycle Service			October 2013		100	3000		[230]
Huaian	China	Huaian Public Bicycle			October 2013		335	7000		[231]
Weifang	China	Weifang Public Bicycle			October 2013		735	20000		[232]
Hohhot	China				October 2013		112	5100
Lhasa	China				November 2013		15	242
Slough	United Kingdom (England)	Smoove	Smoove		November 2013		4	60		[233]
Nanning	China				December 2013		50	1000
Anqiu	China	Anqiu Public Bicycle			December 2013		95	2280		[234]
Huzhou	China	Huzhou Public Bicycle			December 2013		85			[235]
Austin, Texas	United States of America	Bike Share of Austin	B-Cycle		December 2013		46	375		[236]
Lishui	China				February 2013		26	800		[237]
Maroussi	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		February 2013		6	70		[238]
Karditsa	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	March 2013		10	60		[239]
Lausanne	Switzerland	PubliBike	PubliBike		April 2013		23	251		[240]
Haikou	China				April 2013		105	3000		[241]
Zhenjiang	China	Zhenjiang Public Bicycle			1 April 2013		80	2000		[242]
Fort Worth, Texas	United States of America	Fort Worth B-Cycle	B-Cycle		22 April 2013		32	300		[243]
Moscow	Russia		Smoove		May 2013		150	2750		[244]
Zagreb	Croatia	nextbike	nextbike		May 2013		21	100		[245]
Didymóteicho	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	EasyBike	May 2013		8	100		[246]
Luoyang	China	Luoyang Public Bicycle			25 May 2013		35	1000
New York City	United States of America	Citi Bike	PBSC & 8D	Motivate	27 May 2013		739	10494	65000	[247]
Pisa	Italy	Ciclopi			May 2013		15	200		[248]
Náfplion	Greece	Cyclopolis	Cyclopolis		June 2013		4	60		[249]
Aspen, Colorado	United States of America	WE-cycle	PBSC		June 2013		16	200		[250]
Copenhagen	Denmark	Bycyklen	Gobike		16 August 2013		17	250		[251]
Baoji	China	Baoji Public Bicycle Service			September 2013		100	2000		[252]
Ningbo	China	Ningbo Public Bicycle			September 2013		600	15000		[253]
Jiyuan	China				September 2013		32	500
Sopot	Poland	Rower Trójmiejski	nextbike		5 September 2013		8	80		[254]
Bengaluru	India	Namma Cycle			2013			150		[255]
Ahmedabad	India	MyByk			2013		8			[256]
Mendoza	Argentina	Metrobici			2014		2	40
Belo Horizonte	Brazil	Bikebh	Mobilicidade		2014		40	400		[257]
Guadalajara	Mexico	MIBICI	PBSC		2014			242	2116
Lansing, MI	United States of America	Capital Community Bikeshare	A2B Bikeshare		2014		8	20	Closed
Milwaukee, Wisconsin	United States of America	Bublr Bikes	B-Cycle		2014		87	400+		[258]
Ann Arbor, Michigan	United States of America	ArborBike	B-Cycle		2014		14	125		[259]
Taizhou, Jiangsu	China				2014		80	2000		[260]
Budapest	Hungary	MOL BuBi	nextbike		April 2014		112	1286		[261]
Izmir, Karşıyaka	Turkey	Karbis	nextbike		January 2014		6			[262]
Izmir	Turkey	Bisim			January 2014		29			[263]
Savannah, Georgia	United States of America	CAT Bike	B-Cycle		24 January 2014		2	16		[264]
Fullerton, California	United States of America	OCTA BikeShare	Bike Nation		6 January 2014		10	75		[265]
Seattle, Washington	United States of America	Pronto Cycle Share	8D	Motivate	13 October 2014		50	500		[266]
Galway	Ireland	Coca-Cola Zero Bikes		NTA & An Rothar Nua	24 November 2014		19	205		[267]
Phoenix, Arizona	United States of America	Grid Bike Share	CycleHop and Social Bicycles		25 November 2014		40	500		[268]
Abu Dhabi	United Arab Emirates	ADCB Bikeshare	8D	Cyacle	December 2014		11	75		[269]
Limerick	Ireland	Coca-Cola Zero Bikes		NTA & An Rothar Nua	8 December 2014		23	215		[270]
Fortaleza	Brazil	Bicicletar	Mobilicidade		15 December 2014		80	800		[271]
Cork	Ireland	Coca-Cola Zero Bikes		NTA & An Rothar Nua	18 December 2014		31	320		[272]
Tampa, Florida	United States of America	Coast Bike Share	CycleHop and Social Bicycles		7 December 2014		30	300		[273]
Jiujiang	China				February 2014		6	120
Yangzhou	China				March 2014		140	5000		[274]
Heze	China				April 2014		100	2000		[275]
Huaibei	China	Huaibei Public Bicycle			April 2014		100	3000		[276]
Yueyang	China				April 2014		210	5000
Toruń	Poland	Toruński Rower Miejski			April 2014		12	120		[277]
Madrid	Spain	BiciMAD			May 2014		123	1580		[278]
Bratislava	Slovakia	Whitebikes	Open Source Bike Share		May 2014		50	100		[279]
Changhua	Taiwan	YouBike			May 2014		24			[280]
Liverpool	United Kingdom (England)	City Bike			May 2014		130	1000		[281]
Indianapolis, Indiana	United States of America	Indiana Pacers Bikeshare	B-Cycle		May 2014		25	300		[282]
Białystok	Poland	BiKeR	nextbike		31 May 2014		46	460		[283]
Zhijin	China				June 2014		30	1000
Lanzhou	China	Lanzhou Public Bicycle			June 2014		111	2000		[284]
Konstancin	Poland	Konstanciński Rower Miejski	nextbike		14 June 2014		5	55		[285]
Glasgow	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Mass Automated Cycle Hire (MACH)	nextbike		24 June 2014		31	400		[286]
Vila do Conde	Portugal	biConde			5 June 2014		10	60		[287]
Saint-Petersburg	Russia	Velororod			July 2014		96	800	1400	[288]
Lanxi	China				July 2014		50	1500		[289]
Astana	Kazakhstan	Astana-Bike	Smoove		July 2014		150	1000		[290]
Orania, Northern Cape	South Africa	Orania Openbare Fietsprojek			16 July 2014		3	30
Lund	Sweden	Lundahoj	Cyclocity	JCDecaux	20 August 2014		17	250		[291]
Cincinnati, Ohio	United States of America	Red Bike	B-Cycle		15 September 2014		50			[292]
Lublin	Poland	Lubelski Rower Miejski	nextbike		19 September 2014		90	891		[293]
Grodzisk Mazowiecki	Poland	Grodziski Rower Miejski	nextbike		27 September 2014		9	60		[294]
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	United States of America	Healthy Ride PGH	nextbike		2015		50	500		[295]
Szczecin	Poland	Bike S	nextbike		2015		85	724		[296]
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	United States of America	Indego	B-Cycle		23 April 2015		105	1000		[297]
Belfast	United Kingdom (Northern Ireland)	Coca-Cola Zero Belfast Bikes	nextbike	NSL	27 April 2015		30	300		[298]
Seoul	South Korea	Ddareungi			15 October 2015		300	3000		[299]
Kaposvár	Hungary	Kapsvári Tekergő			27 October 2015		4	32 (including 6 rollers)		[300]
Rosario	Argentina	MI BICI TU BICI			2 December 2015		47	480		[301]
San Diego	United States of America	DecoBike	DecoBike	JCDecaux	February 2015		180	1800		[302]
Hamilton	Canada	Hamilton Bike Share	Social Bicycles		20 March 2015		100	750		[303]
Boise, Idaho	United States of America	Boise Bike Share	Social Bicycle		16 April 2015		15	117		[304]
Katowice	Poland	City by bike	nextbike		May 2015		3	40		[305]
Juchnowiec Kościelny	Poland	Rower Gminny	nextbike		July 2015		2	20		[306]
Santa Monica, California	United States of America	Breeze	CycleHop and Social Bicycles		13 August 2015		80	500		[307]
Hoboken, New Jersey	United States of America	Hudson Bike Share	nextbike		September 2015		29	250		[308]
Jersey City	United States of America	Citi Bike	8D	Motivate	September 2015		35	350		[309]
El Paso, Texas	United States of America	El Paso BCycle	B-Cycle		14 September 2015		8	80		[310]
Fairbanks, Alaska	United States of America	Fairbikes	A2B Bikeshare		24 September 2015					[311]
Győr	Hungary	GyőrBike			7 September 2015		23	180		[312]
Kona District, Hawaii	United States of America		PBSC		2016		3	30
Urmia	Iran	U Bike	U Bike		10 June 2016		20	250		[313]
Milton Keynes	United Kingdom (England)	SantanderCyclesMK	nextbike	CycleSaviours	17 June 2016		42	300		[314]
Portland, Oregon	United States of America	Biketown			19 July 2016		100	1000		[315]
Vancouver	Canada	Mobi	CycleHop		20 July 2016		150	1500		[316]
San Lorenzo, Santa Fe	Argentina	Biciudad	Biciudad		27 November 2016		8	80		[317]
Tel Aviv	Israel	Tel-O-Fun			April 2016		200+	2000		[318]
Łódź	Poland	Łódzki Rower Publiczny	nextbike		30 April 2016		148	1490		[319]
Atlanta	United States of America	Relay Bike Share			May 2016		65	500		[320]
Malmö	Sweden	Malmö By Bike	Clear CC		14 May 2016		50	500		[321]
Los Angeles	United States of America	Metro Bike Share	B-Cycle		7 July 2016		65	1000		[322]
Hannover	Germany	oBike	oBike		2017			500		[323]
Bristol	United Kingdom (England)	YoBike	YoBike		May 2017					[324]
Milan	Italy	Mobike	Mobike		30 August 2017		dockless	8000		[325]
Southampton	United Kingdom (England)	YoBike	YoBike		September 2017					[326]
Milan	Italy	Ofo	Ofo		20 September 2017		dockless	4000		[327]
Sydney	Australia	Ofo	Ofo		October 2017		dockless	600		[328]
San Francisco Bay Area	United States of America	Ford GoBike	Motivate		June 2017		550	7000		[329]
Melbourne	Australia	oBike	oBike		July 2017		dockless	1250		[330]
Sydney	Australia	oBike	oBike		July 2017		dockless	1250		[331]
Sydney	Australia	Reddy Go	Reddy Go		July 2017			2000		[332]
Bandung	Indonesia	Boseh	Banopolis		July 2017		30	350		[333]
Cardiff	United Kingdom (Wales)	Nextbike	nextbike		March 2018		5	50		[334]
Corfu	Greece	EasyBike	Smoove	Brainbox	November 2010		8	100		[335]
San Francisco Bay Area	United States of America				2013
George Town	Malaysia	LinkBike	Fast Rent Bike (PG)		December 2016		25	250		[99]
João Pessoa	Brazil	SAMBA	Mobilicidade				3	20		[336]
Maanshan	China	Maanshan Public Bicycle								[337]
Changzhou	China	Changzhou Public Bicycle								[338]
Pau	France	IDEcycle					20	220		[339]
Padua	Italy	GoodBike Padova					28			[340]
Brescia	Italy	Bicimia					65	395		[341]
Druento	Italy	ToBike					1	5		[342]
Alpignano	Italy	ToBike					2	8		[343]
Grugliasco	Italy	ToBike					9	30		[344]
Collegno	Italy	ToBike					10	35		[345]
Venaria Reale	Italy	ToBike					10	35		[346]
Rome	Italy	Roma'n'Bike					19	200		[347]
Rimini	Italy	Rimini in Bici					16			[348]
Kyoto	Japan	Community Cycle					5			[349]
Riga, Jurmala	Latvia	BalticBike					20			[350]
Toluca	Mexico		PBSC							[351]
Daejeon	South Korea	Ta-shu					145			[352]
Kaohsiung	Taiwan	C-bike					119	1275		dead link‍]
Konya	Turkey	nextbike	nextbike				40			[353]
Black Rock City	United States of America	Yellow Bikes	Yellow Bikes							[354]
Victoria	Canada	U-Bicycle			September 2017		initially 150			[355]

Europe

Advertising company JCDecaux launched its "Cyclocity" programs initially in Vienna, Austria in 2003 and in Lyon, France in 2005. The company also started programs in other cities in Europe such as Paris, Córdoba, and Kazan, as well as cities outside of Europe, such as Brisbane, Australia. Payment for using the bikes is done with smart cards.

Competitor Clear Channel, then operating as Adshel, opened the first example of this in Rennes in 1997, and has several other sites including Oslo, Stockholm, Sandnes and Trondheim, most generally similar to that offered by their competitor.

A different financial model called bicing is used in Barcelona, which is paid for by car owners parking on public streets and not by advertising – which is contracted to JCDecaux in some places.

Austria

In 2001, the city of Vienna implemented a first version of a bike sharing system following the example of Copenhagen. Unfortunately, Viennabike failed and its shortcomings were fixed in the second implementation called Citybike Wien, which started 2003. It is operated by Gewista and comprises 1500 bikes distributed to 121 stations with 3097 slots. In 2015, more than 1 million trips and more than 100,000 new registrations were recorded. There is no fee for the first rental hour, additional hours are charged starting with €1.

Belgium

Line of bikes at a Villo! station

The Villo! system was launched in Brussels in 2009, and is operated by JCDecaux. It's the company's second biggest bicycle rental system after Paris in terms of quantity. At the beginning of April 2015, it had 4115 bikes across 346 stations.

In Antwerp, a bike system called Velo went public in 2011. It is operated by Clear Channel and registered 2558657 journeys in 2013.

Bulgaria

Burgas is the first Bulgarian city to introduce a public rent-a-bike system. The scheme is called VeloBurgas and has 10 access points with 120 bikes in operation. The rent-a-bike system works with cards, SMS, and POS. Prices range from 0.50 to 1 lev per hour.

Cyprus

Public bicycles in Nicosia, Cyprus

Bike in Action operates in the greater Nicosia area, similar to programmes employed in various cities of Cyprus. Bicycles can be found at stations in all participating municipalities (Agios Dometios, Aglandjia, Dali, Engomi, Latsia, Pallouriotissa, Strovolos) and returned after their use at any station. Bike in Action includes more than 310 bikes distributed in 27 full automated Smoove stations, which cover the wide Nicosia area. All the rental stations are connected with the banking system and access to the bikes can be obtained with the use of a credit card.

Denmark

Following earlier bike-sharing systems, Denmark introduced the first next generation bike-sharing system in 1991 in Farsø. This small-scale scheme paved the way for the Copenhagen's ByCyklen programme, which was introduced in 1995 and was the first large-scale urban bike-sharing programme to feature specially designed bicycles with parts which could not be used on other bikes. Riders paid a refundable deposit at one of 110 special locking bike stands, and the riders then had unlimited use of the bike within a specified 'city bike zone'. The fine for not returning a bicycle or leaving the bike-sharing zone was strictly enforced by the police. The founders hoped to completely finance the programme by selling advertising space on the bicycles. This funding source quickly proved to be insufficient, and the city of Copenhagen took over the administration of the programme, funding most of the programme costs through appropriations from city revenues. Since it was free to the user, there is no return on the capital invested by the municipality, and a considerable amount of public funds was constantly used to keep the system in service. In 2013 a new version was expected to be introduced but the municipality of Copenhagen temporarily withdrew its support and there were no free bicycles for most of 2013. Copenhagen municipality changed its mind and a new version was introduced in late 2013.

Copenhagen was among the first cities in the world to have a free bike scheme called City Bikes, which was paid by advertising on the bikes.

In late 2013, Copenhagen started a new program with electric bikes. The first phase of this program, with 1860 bikes and 105 docking stations, is to be completed in early 2016.

Finland

Old defunct (2000 - 2010) Helsinki city bikes

City Bikes scheme in Helsinki launched in 2016, run by Helsinki City Transport (HKL), in collaboration with Moventia and Smoove. In the summer of 2017, City Bikes had 1500 bikes in 150 locations.

France

Vélo'v in Lyon

Velib' bicycle station in Paris

In 1974, the French city of La Rochelle launched a free bike-sharing programme, Vélos Jaunes (Yellow Bikes), featuring unisex bicycles which were free to take and use. In terms of public usage and acceptance, it is regarded today as one of the first truly successful bike-sharing programmes. The programme continues today, albeit in modified form (rental charges apply after the first two hours, and personal identification is required for all bike rentals).

The Vélib' in Paris is the largest system outside China

French cities offering a bicycle sharing system include Marseille, Lyon, Bordeaux, Nice, Toulouse, Rennes, Rouen, La Rochelle, Orléans, Montpellier, Nantes, Lille, Dunkirk, Strasbourg, Clermont-Ferrand, Avignon, Saint-Étienne, Chalon sur Saône, Belfort, Lorient, Annemasse, Valence, and Aix-en-Provence.

The launch of Velo'v in Lyon, France in 2005 was an effort to improve on the disappointing performance of the traditional municipal public bike-sharing model. In an attempt to improve upon the results of the discontinued Bikeabout program at the University of Portsmouth, Velo'v utilised "smart" technology to reduce theft, user damage, and vandalism. Considered to be a city less than friendly to cyclists prior to 2005, the Velo'v programme is credited with stimulating an increase of 500% in bicycle trips within the city, a quarter of which used the bike sharing system.

A resurgence in bike sharing programmes is attributed by many to the launching in 2007 of Paris's Vélib', a network of 18,000 specially designed bicycles distributed among 1,230 stations throughout Paris. Vélib', inspired by Lyon's seminal Vélo'v project, is now considered the second largest bike-sharing system of its kind in the world. 80 percent of Vélib's original 20,600 bicycles have been destroyed or stolen. Some Vélib' cycles have been found in Eastern Europe and North Africa, while others have been dumped in the Seine River, hung from lampposts, or abandoned on the roadside in various states of disrepair, forcing the City of Paris to reimburse the programme operator an estimated $2 million per year for excess costs under its contractual agreement.

Germany

Germany has bike-sharing programmes in many cities, including Aachen, Berlin, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Hamburg (StadtRAD Hamburg), Karlsruhe, Kassel (Konrad), Mainz (MVGmeinRad), Munich and Stuttgart. The station-based system Metropolradruhr is located in the Ruhr Area. Bike-sharing stations are also located in over 50 ICE railway stations.

Greece

In November 2010, Corfu launched EasyBike, which includes one hundred bicycles that are distributed in eight rental stations throughout the town. The method of operation is similar to other such systems in Europe. Residents can obtain a special electronic subscriber card from the Municipality, which gives them access to bicycles and occasional users can use their credit card to rent a bicycle. The system also gives users the ability to obtain a code and gain access to bicycles through an IVR automated system by using their credit card. EasyBike bike sharing system is developed by Brainbox under a Smoove license, which is the first Greek company to implement a bike sharing project in Greece.

There are also other programmes similar to bicycle sharing systems, which are not automated. The first, running from early 2010, is in the northern suburb of Nea Erithréa, in Attica, while the second is that of the Municipality of Nafpaktos, which has been in operation since mid June 2010. In these programmes, the residents rent the bike directly from the municipality. In the programme implemented in Nea Erithréa, bicycles are rented for one week to six months, on condition that the user must submit to the municipality 75 euros as a guarantee. In Nafpaktos, bicycles are rented for up to two months for free. In 2011, the municipality of Heraklion in Crete purchased 100 bicycles from the bike-sharing company Brainbox, the developer of EasyBike system while free distribution of bicycles from the municipality had already started from April 2010.

In May 2012, a non-automated system was introduced at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, in Salonica, Northern Greece. It presents 60 public bikes available for the University community. The system has no electronic rental stations and the delivery and return of the bikes is made by students working part-time on the project.

Hungary

Esztergom

The EBI in Esztergom, Hungary

The first public bicycle sharing service in Hungary was implemented in Esztergom on 20 September 2013. The Esztergom Bicycle or EBI was developed by Neuzer, a local bicycle manufacturing company.

Szeged

The country's second bike sharing system in Szeged is CityBike Szeged. It has been in operation since 1 October 2013.

Győr

GyőrBike opened on 7 September 2015 in Győr with 23 docks and 180 bicycles.

Kaposvár

The Kaposvári Tekergő opened on 27 October 2015 in Kaposvár with 4 docking stations, 26 e-bikes and 6 e-rollers.

Budapest

BuBi in Budapest, Hungary

Budapest has the largest bicycle sharing system in Hungary. Operated jointly by BKK and MOL, the BuBi system was launched in September 2014 and has over 1500 bicycles and 120 docking stations as of November 2018.

Ireland

In September 2009, Dublin launched a bike-share scheme known as dublinbikes operated by JCDecaux. With an initial 450 bicycles, the plan reached 1 million uses in less than a year. As of June 2013, the scheme has had fewer than 12 bikes stolen or damaged.

Italy

BikeMi, Milan, Italy

Milan has the largest bike sharing system in Italy, BikeMi, which was launched on 8 December 2008. It is contracted to and operated by Clear Channel on the basis of its SmartBike system. The scheme encompasses 4,650 bicycles, which includes 1,000 electric bicycles and bikes for children. and 280 stations. Another large system exists in Turin. Since 2017, Mobike and OFO dockless systems also operate in Milan and Florence. Several other cities, especially in the north, have smaller bike sharing systems.

Netherlands

In 1965, the group Provo painted fifty bicycles white and scattered them unlocked in downtown Amsterdam for everyone to use freely. The bicycles were both taken by people, and impounded by the authorities, as a city ordinance forbade leaving unlocked bikes in public places.

In September 1997, a pilot project for a public share system, based on the UK's Grippa racks was established in Rotterdam, for use by commuters, but it was terminated the following year due to poor functionality of the electronic bike racks.

The Netherlands: OV-fiets

The Netherlands has a single nationwide bike sharing program, called "OV-fiets", which means 'public transport bike'. The system has 8500 bikes in 252 locations, mainly train stations, all over the country. Membership is required (annual fee €0.01, €3.85 per rental day) and can be combined with an OV-chipkaart. The program, which started on a small scale in 2003, has enjoyed a steadily increasing popularity with over 1.53 million rides registered in 2014. The nature of the Dutch bike sharing program differs from that of programs in other countries partly because the already high bike ownership of the population. Its interconnection with the public transport network allows it to fill the need of people who also want to continue traveling by bike from the station of their destination.

Norway

The first Norwegian bicycle sharing system was introduced in Sandnes in 1996. It consisted of 225 green DBS bikes that were free to use in the fashion of a 1st generation bicycle sharing system. The Sandnes system was converted to a 3rd generation system in 2002. In 1998, Trondheim introduced a 2nd generation system with 200 bicycles modeled after that of Copenhagen's. The Trondheim system was converted into a 3rd generation system in 2005. The following cities are known to have city bike arrangements. Some are prepaid automatic (example Oslo), some are manual (like in Tønsberg). In 2001, Drammen introduced a 3rd generation system together with the Clear Channel.

• Drammen
• Oslo - Oslo Bysykkel (172 rental hubs as of March 2017)
• Sandnes
• Trondheim
• Tønsberg

Poland

The first bike-sharing program was launched in Kraków (Cracow) on 16 September 2008. As of 2016, 12 cities and towns in Poland have bike-sharing programs, most of them operated by nextbike.

Portugal

Portugal has 13 bike-sharing programs functioning year-round as of October 2016, namely in the cities of Águeda (1 station/ 10 pedelecs), Anadia (10 stations), Aveiro (33 stations/350 bicycles), Cascais (October 2017: 19 stations inaugurated; 120 stations and 1200 bicycles by December, 2017), Lisbon (October, 2017: 10 stations inaugurated/100 bicycles; 140 stations and 1410 bicycles by December, 2017 of which 920 will be pedelecs), Oliveira de Azemeis (3 stations/20 pedelecs), Ovar (12 stations/130 bicycles), Paredes (5 stations/80 bicycles), Santarém (4 stations/40 bicycles), Serpa (2 stations/30 bicycles), Torres Vedras (11 stations/260 bicycles), Vilamoura (32 stations/200 bicycles), and Vila do Conde (12 stations/60 bicycles).

Romania

Timișoara is the first Romanian city to introduce a public rent-a-bike system. The scheme is called VeloTM and has 25 stations and 300 bikes. The rent-a-bike system works with the RATT card. Renting a bike is free however, the card costs.

The Russian Federation

VeloBike bicycles in Moscow

Automated public bicycle sharing services in Russia operate in Moscow, Sankt-Petersburg, and Kazan.

On 1 July 2013, the Bank of Moscow started the system called Velobike, which was replaced in 2014 by Smoove-based solution using B’TWIN bicycles. The VeloBike program has 2500 bicycles and 150 stations. It is sponsored by the Bank of Moscow and Sberbank of Russia. It is compatible with Troika, the Moscow public transportation system and accessible to occasional users as well.

Slovakia

There is a community-run bike-sharing program in Bratislava called White Bikes with about 100 bikes (donated by local Rotary Club) and over 60 stations (as of December 2017). It is built on the open source Open Source Bike Share system based on an SMS and a web app. It was started in 2013 by BikeKitchen initiative and cycling advocacy NGO Cyklokoalicia. There is no fee to use bikes, membership is granted after initial personal introduction and training. Bikes are available all year long.

Official Bratislava city bike sharing Slovnaft Bajk was launched on September 7, 2018 in cooperation with Slovnaft company. It offered only under 100 bicycles initially at around 80 stations (based on the public stats). Number of bicycles increased to around 190 later, but users complained about the UX and broken bicycles / rental process. Estimated 23% of bicycles were not working or rendered inaccessible for rental.

The first commercial bike sharing in Slovakia was launched in 2016 in the city of Prievidza. Zelený bicykel (translates as Green bicycle) has 19 stations and is expected to add 10 more in 2018. Bikes are not available during winter season.

Public transportation company Arriva launched a bike sharing in Nitra in 2017. It is a complementary service for its bus service. It only features 7 docking stations, the price is €25 per year, €3 per day or €0.50 per hour. Bikes are not available during winter season.

Spain

Bicing in Barcelona

The Ayuntamiento de Burgos runs a bike-sharing program in BiciBur, with 23 locations, most with positions for ten bikes. Membership is €15 per year.

Sweden

The Stockholm City Bikes system has more than 80 stands and 1,000 bikes, functioning from April to October.

The bike sharing system in Gothenburg, known as Styr & ställ, was launched in August 2010. The system has 60 stations and 1,000 bikes.

Switzerland

A station in Lausanne (Switzerland).

Switzerland possesses several bicycle sharing systems including Publibike, Smide, and oBike which was launched in Zurich on 5 July 2017. The Publibike network consists of one hundred stations throughout the country. It includes nine stations on the Lausanne campus. oBike is said to have deployed 350 bikes in the city of Zurich with bike hire being CHF 1.50 for 30 minutes, with a CHF 129 deposit being required. The city of Zürich also has a free bike-rental program, "Züri rollt", with several pick-up and drop-off locations.

United Kingdom

England

In 1993, a Green Bike Scheme bike sharing programme was initiated in Cambridge, United Kingdom, using a fleet of some 300 bicycles. The overwhelming majority of the fleet were stolen or missing within a year of the programme's introduction, and the Green Bike Scheme was abandoned.

In an attempt to overcome losses from theft, the next innovation adopted by bike sharing programmes was the use of so-called 'smart technology'. One of the first 'smart bike' programmes was the Grippa™ bike storage rack system used in Portsmouth's Bikeabout scheme. The Bikeabout scheme was launched in October 1995 by the University of Portsmouth, UK as part of its Green Transport Plan in an effort to cut car travel by staff and students between campus sites. Funded in part by the EU's ENTRANCE programme, the Bikeabout scheme was a "smart card" fully automated system. For a small fee, users were issued 'smart cards' with magnetic stripes to be swiped through an electronic card reader at a covered 'bike store' kiosk, unlocking the bike from its storage rack. CCTV camera surveillance was installed at all bike stations in an effort to limit vandalism. Upon arriving at the destination station, the smart card was used to open a cycle rack and record the bike's safe return. A charge was automatically registered on the user's card if the bike was returned with damage or if the time exceeded the three-hour maximum. Implemented with an original budget of approximately £200,000, the Portsmouth Bikeabout scheme was never very successful in terms of rider usage, in part due to the limited number of bike kiosks and hours of operation. Seasonal weather restrictions and concerns over unjustified charges for bike damage also imposed barriers to usage. The Bikeabout program was discontinued by the University in 1998 in favour of expanded minibus service; the total costs of the Bikeabout programme were never disclosed. Following the discontinuation of the University of Portsmouth's Bikeabout programme in 1998 (it had been launched in 1996), the introduction of new bicycle share systems proceeded more slowly in the United Kingdom than in the rest of Europe. With sponsorship from first Barclays and later Santander, Transport for London launched a cycle hire scheme in London, where hire under 30 minutes is free from special bicycle stands across the city, after a daily, monthly or annual charge has been paid.

Barclays Cycle Hire, London, UK started in 2010

Outside of London (see below), the largest is the hire-a-bike operation in Blackpool, operated by Hourbike, with 60 stations and 500 bikes in the scheme. This scheme uses both RFID membership cards and instant point-of-sale memberships to cater for both residential users and the very many visitors that go to the resort every year. Hourbike also has schemes in Lincoln, Reading, Liverpool, Nottingham and Southport in England as well as Dumfries, Scotland.

In May 2017, Bristol became the first European city to have a hire-a-bike system operated by YoBike.

Some bike-sharing schemes use mobile phone apps to reserve or sign out bikes. In the UK, OYBike delivered small-scale operations at 2 universities, 3 business parks, 3 London boroughs, and a private hotel chain in London until 2011. Like Munich's Call-a-Bike, OYBike used mobile phone technology to log use and charge for hires and can set up hire points in as little as 10 minutes.

Brompton Bike Hire has 40 docks across 25 major locations in the UK, starting at £2.50 for 24 hours and is using the same hardware as BIXI Montréal, members can rent a folding Brompton bike. The locations of the docks include London, Birmingham, Manchester, Bristol, Reading, Southampton and Oxford.

in 2007, (another source gives early 2008) London mayor Ken Livingstone promised that an extensive bicycle sharing system modelled on the Paris Vélib' system would be introduced in London during his final term in office. The scheme was not completed until Boris Johnson was in office, and consequently became known informally as "Boris Bikes". The system, provided by PBSC Urban Solutions, was initially sponsored by Barclays Bank and subsequently by Santander UK, and is now known as Santander Cycles.

In 2018 the Singaporean-based company oBike launched in London, with 400 dockless bikes and is anticipated to soon spread to other cities in the UK. In the UK, oBike's bike hire is 50p for 30 minutes, with a £49 deposit being required.

Northern Ireland

Belfast launched a public bike hire scheme on 27 April 2015. The scheme was sponsored by Coca-Cola HBC Northern Ireland and is called Coca-Cola Zero Belfast Bikes. The Department for Regional Development (DRD) provided initial capital funding for the scheme as part of their Active Travel Demonstration Projects budget. NSL is looking after the daily operation of the scheme, while Nextbike is responsible for the bikes. There are 33 docking stations with options for expansion depending on securing additional resources and council approval.

Scotland

Recent expansions to cities in Scotland piggy-backing on the Commonwealth Games 2014 in Glasgow included Glasgow and Stirling. Stirling's scheme was named "Pedalforth" following a competition in the community and comprises 100 bikes and 11 stations. Glasgow provided 400 bikes across 31 stations in 2014. A system operated by JCDecaux is proposed for Edinburgh.

Wales

Nextbike started a public bike hire scheme operating in Cardiff on 26 March 2018, with five docking stations and 50 bicycles. The original plan had been to have the public bike hire scheme operating in Cardiff by Autumn 2017. The plan is still to reach 500 cycles over 50 docking stations in the city. It came 6 years after OYBike ended a smaller scheme (with 10 stations), following the council's withdrawal of funding in 2011.

North America

Canada

BIXI Montréal station

Montréal, QC

BIXI Montreal, Quebec, Canada

The first widely deployed bicycle sharing system was BIXI Montréal. BIXI Montréal launched in 2009. It has since expanded to 6200 bicycles at 540 stations, making it by far the largest bicycle sharing system in Canada. Although initial program costs were $15 million for planning and implementation of the Bixi project, subsequent additional costs incurred in expanding the program have driven costs upwards of $23 million. Started in May 2009, it has expanded to over 5000 bicycles at 450 stations. The system was developed by PBSC Urban Solutions along with a consortium of vendors. The BIXI technology was then used in numerous bike sharing systems in North America, Europe and Australia. The Montreal system was ranked by Time Magazine as the 19th best invention of 2008.

Hamilton, ON

Sobi Hamilton launched in March 2015 with 750 bicycles at over 100 stations.

Ottawa, ON

The Bixi system was implemented in June 2009 in Ottawa/Gatineau as Capital Bixi. Capital Bixi launched in 2009 as a pilot program with 100 bicycles and 10 stations. In 2012, it was expanded to 250 bicycles and 25 stations. Its owner, the NCC, sold it to US-based CycleHop in April 2014 when its operator, Montreal-based Public Bike System Company, filed for bankruptcy protection in January 2014. CycleHop renamed the service to VeloGo and replaced the fleet with all-new 'smart' bicycles, where intelligence (i.e. GPS tracking, etc.) is built into each bicycle, instead of relying on base stations, as with Bixi system. VeloGo began its service in the summer of 2015.

Toronto, ON

From 2001 to 2006, BikeShare, operated by the Community Bicycle Network (CBN) in Toronto, was for a time the most popular community bicycle sharing program in North America. BikeShare was intended to overcome some of the theft issues by requiring yearly memberships to sign out any of the 150 refurbished yellow bikes locked up at 16 hubs throughout central Toronto. At its height, over 400 members could sign out a bike from any hub for up to three days. The hubs were located at stores, cafes and community centres where the staff would volunteer their time to sign bikes out and in. Despite steadily increasing administrative, implementation, and maintenance costs, CBN could only charge users around 20 percent of actual costs, as users were unlikely to spend more than $50 per year for a membership. Without sufficient funds in the form of private and government grants, CBN was forced to discontinue BikeShare in 2006.

Bixi Toronto launched in 2011 with 800 bicycles at 80 stations. In 2013, when Public Bike System Company acknowledged that it could not repay its $3.9 million loan to the city, the system was taken over by the Toronto Parking Authority and renamed Bike Share Toronto. In 2016, the city of Toronto signed a contract with PBSC to expand their system. Its network hosts 2,750 bicycles spread among 270 stations. The Bixi system was introduced in Toronto in May 2011 as Bixi Toronto.

Vancouver

In 2016, Vancouver installed a bike sharing system, Mobi (bike share), operated by CycleHop Corp.

Mobi (bike share) launched in July 2016 with 1500 bicycles at 150 stations.

Victoria

In September 2017 a dockless bike share became available in the city of Victoria, starting with 150 bicycles. The dockless bike share is operated by U-Bicycle.

Edmonton

From 2005 to 2008, a largely unregulated bike sharing program was operated by the Peoples' Pedal organisation in Edmonton, Alberta. The program suffered from high theft and vandalism rates, with 95% of the bikes that had been placed into service stolen or missing by 2008.

Costa Rica

Cartago east of San José, Costa Rica started a bikeshare program.

Mexico

EcoBici bicycles in Mexico City

Mexico City: EcoBici is one of the world's largest programs, with 452 stations covering a 35-square-kilometre (14 sq mi) area.

Mexico City

In February 2010, the government of Mexico City inaugurated a new bicycle sharing network called EcoBici. With distinctive red and white liveried bicycles, the network as of February 2015 consists of 444 stations with 6,500 bicycles. With more than 240,000 registered users, it has been argued that Ecobici is the largest bicycle-sharing program in North America. The system is run by a private company, Clear Channel México, but funded by the government with an initial investment of 75 million pesos. Users of the system are required to purchase an RFID card at a cost of 400 pesos which will provide them with access to the bicycles for one year. Use of a bicycle is free for the first 45 minutes; extra charges are applied for use beyond this time limit.

Guadalajara

In December 2014, the government of the State of Jalisco implemented a bicycle sharing system called MiBici with 86 stations and 860 bicycles. As of October 2016, it has 236 stations with 2 thousand bicycles. This system uses the technology and the hardware of PBSC.

Toluca

In November 2015, the Municipality of Toluca inaugurated a bicycle sharing system called Huitzi with 26 stations and 300 bicycles, using PBSC as a provider.

Pachuca

In February 2016, the Municipality of Pachuca inaugurated a bicycle sharing system called Bici Capital with 6 stations and 140 bicycles.

Puebla

From January 2017, the Puebla will have a system called Bici Puebla with 139 stations and 2,100 bicycles.

United States

In the United States, public bicycle share programs have largely centered around major cities and universities. Some corporate campuses have private systems. According to a report by the National Association of City Transportation Officials, a total of 35 million bike-share trips took place within the United States in 2017 across 100 bike-share systems across the country, operated by eight companies. With Seattle leading the way on dockless bike sharing in the U.S. in summer 2017, but other cities soon joining the ranks, nine months later, about 44% of rides were dockless. As elsewhere, the bikes became controversial in various cities; Dallas reportedly had 20,000 bikes on the streets, they were essentially banned in New York City and San Francisco, with Austin, Texas issuing emergency rules for their implementation.

Bikes Belong (Dem/Rep Conventions), 2008

In 2007, Bikes Belong (now known as PeopleForBikes), an advocacy group financed by major bicycle manufacturers worked with city officials, local advocates, and the healthcare firm Humana to bring bikesharing to the Republican and Democratic 2008 conventions. Called "Freewheelin!" the program offered 1,000 bicycles at 12 stations throughout the downtowns of the host cities, Denver and Minneapolis/St. Paul, over the five days of each convention. Bikes Belong's stated goal was to provide a proof-of-concept that large-scale bicycle sharing that was exploding in European cities could work in U.S. cities and provide a valuable addition to the transportation mix. The program was popular among conventioneers, and helped the city of Denver to create a narrative around the "green" attributes of the convention. Both Denver and Minneapolis successfully pursued permanent bikesharing systems, with Denver B-cycle launching on 22 April 2010 as the first of its scale in the U.S., followed by Minneapolis' NiceRide system launching on 10 June 2010.

Aspen/Basalt, CO

The system was launched in 2013 with 16 stations and 200 bikes, with provider PBSC.

Albany, NY

In Fall of 2012, the University at Albany (SUNY) launched a campus bike share which allows students, faculty and staff to take out bike from one of three residential hall locations on campus. With over 30 bikes in the program and still growing the program experienced rapid growth with 381 sign out in Fall 2013 and 1620 sign outs in Fall 2014. The University is currently looking to expand its program by adding more bikes and locations.

Alpharetta, GA

Alpharetta offers a bike share program operated by Zagster. Trips under 3 hours are free, and annual memberships are $20. Bikes can be rented from 4 stations throughout Alpharetta. Bikes can be taken anywhere, including Alpharetta's Big Creek Greenway – a 12 foot wide concrete path that stretches 8 scenic miles terminating in Big Creek park.

Atlanta, GA

In June 2016, Relay Bike Share launched as the bike share system for the City of Atlanta. The program—operated by Cyclehop, LLC and Social Bicycles, LLC—launched with 100 bicycles at 10 stations throughout the downtown area. The program aims to offer 500 bicycles across the city by the end of 2016.

Austin, TX

In December 2013, Austin B-cycle launched as the bike share system for the City of Austin with 11 stations. It is operated as a public-private partnership between the City of Austin and the non-profit Bike Share of Austin. The current system operates 46 bike share stations 24/7 in the downtown Austin area. Austin B-cycle set a national bike share record for the most checkouts per bicycle in a single day, 10.1 checkouts per bike, on 14 March 2015 during the SXSW festival.

Baltimore, MD

In May 2014, over 40 bicycles were stolen from Baltimore Recreation and Parks department's bike-share program. The bikes were stolen during the city's Ride Around Reservoir program in Druid Hill Park. The bikes were set up to be lent out when a group of youths took them. The cost of replacing the stolen bikes is devastating to the program, which operates completely on donations.

Birmingham, AL

Birmingham launched Zyp Bikeshare in October, 2015. Annual memberships are $75, with monthly passes for $20, 3-day passes for $12, and daily passes for $6. Zyp also offers discounted annual memberships to individuals who qualify. Zyp operates 400 bikes at 40 kiosks. Bikes can be ridden anywhere in the downtown Birmingham area. Once a bike is unlocked, riders have 45 minutes to ride before incurring additional fees if they have not docked at another station. As well as traditional bikes, Zyp was the first bikeshare in North America to have electric pedal-assist bikes to help riders cover distances or mount hills faster.

Boston, MA

In 2007, Boston Mayor Thomas M. Menino and Director of Bicycle Programs, Nicole Freedman, decided to bring bike sharing to the Boston area. The Metropolitan Area Planning Council, the regional planning agency for the metro-Boston region of 101 cities and towns, joined the effort. Brookline, Cambridge, and Somerville also participated.

Boston Hubway bike

On 28 July 2011, Boston launched its 60-station, 600-bike Hubway system, sponsored by the shoe manufacturer New Balance and funded in part by a $3 million grant from the Federal Transit Administration. The contract to operate was awarded to Alta Bicycle Share and the equipment provider was PBSC Urban Solutions. Bicycle-sharing was greeted with a mix of excitement and skepticism. In its first two and a half months, Hubway recorded 100,000 station-to-station rides. After recording 140,000 trips in four months, Boston's European-style bicycle-sharing system expanded outside city limits, planting stations across Cambridge, Somerville, and Brookline. Hubway has over 100 stations throughout the Greater Boston area.

In spring of 2018 Motivate the operator of Hubway changed sponsors from Hubway to the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association and officially changed the name of the bike share program to Blue Bikes Boston.

Boulder, CO

Solar powered Boulder B-cycle station with double sided docks. The system was launched in April 2010.

In May 2011, Boulder, Colorado launched a bicycle sharing system, Boulder B-Cycle, with 100 bicycles and 15 stations. This system, like many in northern latitude cities, closes down during winter months to help preserve the life of the equipment.

Broward County, FL

Broward B-Cycle launched in December 2011 as the country's first county-wide bike share program, with 200 bikes and 20 stations located in several cities within Broward County, including Fort Lauderdale. This system was funded through a public-private partnership with the Florida Department of Transportation providing a $311,000 grant through Broward County, and B-Cycle's sponsors providing the remainder of the initial capital and operating costs.

Buffalo, NY

Reddy Bikeshare launched in 2016 with 200 bicycles at 35 stations around the city.

Charleston, SC

In August 2013, the College of Charleston's Office of Sustainability began a bike sharing program. This program's 16 bicycles are free to use for all full-time students, faculty, and staff members.

Charlotte, NC

A system of B-Cycle stands are installed downtown and a few places nearby.

Chattanooga, TN

In July 2012, the Bike Chattanooga Bicycle Transit System launched in Chattanooga, Tennessee with 300 bikes and 28 solar-powered stations by PBSC. It was the first large scale bicycle transit system in the Southeast. The system has expanded to 33 stations and had recorded over 78,000 trips by its second anniversary.

Chicago, IL

Launched in 2013, Divvy is the bike sharing program for Chicago and the largest in North America.

On 28 June 2013, Chicago launched Divvy, a bike share system with 750 bikes at 75 stations. As of December 2016, the system operates over 5800 bikes at 580 stations, using both PBSC's hardware and software.

Cincinnati, OH

In September 2014, Cincinnati Red Bike started operation. It opened with 35 docking stations in downtown, Over the Rhine, University of Cincinnati's main campus and surrounding areas. In 2015 Red Bike expanded to 50 stations with over 300 bikes and has a ridership of 100,000+ per year.

Cleveland, OH

On 21 September 2016, Cleveland launched its UH Bike system, with 250 bicycles and 22 stations distributed around the city.

Columbus, OH

On 30 July 2013, CoGo Bike Share started in Columbus, Ohio. It opened with 300 bikes and 30 docking stations in downtown and surrounding areas, all provided by PBSC and operated by Motivate. In summer 2015, Zagster launched a 115 bicycle, 15 station system on the Ohio State University campus. The university decided not to integrate with the city's CoGo system. The Ohio State University announced plans to integrate electric assist bicycles as part of its bicycle share program launching in 2015.

Denver, CO

On 22 April 2010, Denver became the first U.S. city with a large-scale smart-technology enabled bicycle sharing system with the launch of Denver B-cycle. The system launched with 45 stations and 450 bicycles throughout downtown, downtown-adjacent neighborhoods, and on higher-education campuses. Denver B-cycle's roots came from the "Freewheelin" bikesharing program which operated for 6 days during the 2008 DNC convention in Denver. In Denver, several B-cycle rental stations are located at RTD Light Rail Platforms. The Denver B-cycle program varies in cost depending on use. Fees range from $8 per day to $80 per year.

Denver's B-cycle needed 7 1/2 months to reach 100,000 station-to-station rides.

Des Moines, IA

B-Cycle has partnered with the Des Moines Bicycle Collective, operating bike-sharing stations throughout the downtown core, East Village, Ingersoll, Sherman Hill, and Drake University neighborhoods. The system is in operation from 1 March - November 30 each year.

Detroit, MI

Mogo, a nonprofit affiliate of the Downtown Detroit Partnership launched MoGo Bike Share in the Greater Downtown area with 430 bicycles across 43 stations on 23 May 2017.

Eugene, OR

PeaceHealth Rides is administered by JUMP Bikes (formerly Social Bicycles, and now owned by Uber) and is a partnership of the City of Eugene, Lane Transit District, and the University of Oregon. The system launched in downtown Eugene, the Whiteaker neighborhood, and the area around the University of Oregon with 300 bicycles across 36 stations in April 2018. PeaceHealth, a not-for-profit Catholic health system with 10 hospitals in three states including one hospital in Eugene, is the sponsor.

Fargo, ND

In March 2015, bicycle advocacy nonprofit Great Rides Fargo launched Great Rides Bike Share, a system with 101 bicycles at 11 stations. The system was launched in partnership with North Dakota State University, where students are enrolled at no additional cost. It was the first system to include integrated card access for enrolled students.

Fort Wayne, IN

In April 2016, The city of Fort Wayne announced a small system in its downtown area.

Fort Worth, TX

On 22 April 2013, Fort Worth Bike Sharing, a 501(c)3 non-profit organization, launched a B-cycle system consisting of 300 bikes and 30 stations serving Downtown, Near Southside, and Cultural District in Fort Worth, Texas. Fort Worth B-cycle is included in a program called "B-connected" which allows members of over 15 participating B-cycle cities to use their annual memberships for free in other cities.

Greenville, NC

The City of Greenville and nearby Farmville, NC launched the Bikeshare system LimeBike in early 2018. The service serves the citizens of Greenville and Farmville along with the students of East Carolina University.

Honolulu, HI

The City and County of Honolulu passed Bikeshare Resolution 14–35 on 14 March 2014. Bikeshare Hawaii, which will operate as Biki, chose PBSC as the system provider. The extensive bikeshare program envisioned for Honolulu includes a network installation of 200 bicycle docking stations containing a total of at 2,000 program-owned bikes. The stations will extend from Chinatown to Diamond Head. Additionally, there is currently a small pilot program in Kailua (Honolulu County) with 2 stations.

Houston, TX

In May 2012, Houston Bike Share, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that administers bike sharing for the City of Houston, launched Houston BCycle. The system started with 18 bikes and 3 stations, and has since grown to 475 bikes and 72 stations located in Downtown, Midtown, Montrose, Third Ward, Woodland Heights East End, Heights and Museum District among other neighborhoods. Houston BCycle aims to expand to 1,000 bikes and 100 stations by 2020.

Indianapolis, IN

In May 2014, Indianapolis launched the bike share program called Indiana Pacers Bikeshare with 25 stations and 250 bikes.

Zotwheels Bike Share at the University of California Irvine

Jersey City, NJ

On 21 September 2015, the Citi Bike system that started in New York City in 2013 expanded across the Hudson River to Jersey City, New Jersey with 35 stations and 350 bikes. Even though Citi Bike Jersey City is independent of Citi Bike New York, one membership works for both systems. The system experienced its first wave of expansion in July 2016 with 15 new stations and 150 additional bikes. The system currently boasts 50 stations with 500 bicycles throughout Jersey City.

Kansas City, MO

In 2012, Kansas City, Missouri launched Kansas City B-cycle in partnership with Blue Cross Blue Shield. The system currently has 30 stations and over 200 bicycles reaching downtown, Union Hill, Westport, Plaza and as of Summer 2015, Brookside Trolley Trail. North Kansas City will be adding 3 more stations in spring 2017 as well as several more coming to Midtown KCMO.

Los Angeles, CA

On 7 July 2016, Los Angeles County launched Metro Bike Share, a 1,400-bike system with equipment by B-Cycle, operated by Bicycle Transit Systems. It was the first North American system to be both branded as part of the public transit agency and accessible using the regional TAP card, though at the time of launch users were required to maintain separate accounts for each transit mode and pay separate fares.

Madison, WI

In 1996, Madison, Wisconsin, instituted its Red Bikes Project, a public bike sharing program. These red-painted bicycles were available for the use of the general public, primarily in the student areas of State Street between the University of Wisconsin campus and the Wisconsin State Capitol. Initially, the only rule regarding the use of a Red Bikes Project bicycle was that it was required to remain outside and unlocked, and thus available for any passerby. After a surge in bicycle thefts and vandalism, the program was modified to require a valid credit card and $80 in security deposits for both the bicycle and the now-mandatory bicycle lock. The program is now only available seasonally, from spring (when all snow has melted) to 30 November.

Manhattan, KS

In 2015, the Green Apple Bikes bike-share system started in Manhattan, Kansas that makes single-speed cruisers available free for 4-hour periods. The program is funded by a consortium of businesses, and bicycles are maintained by volunteers.

Memphis, TN

On 23 May 2018, Explore Bike Share launched in Memphis, TN, and West Memphis, AR. The system was launched with 60 stations and 600 bicycles serving portions of West Memphis, Downtown Memphis, Uptown Memphis, Midtown Memphis, South Memphis, and Orange Mound, with a plan to add another 30 stations and 300 bicycles in 2019. The system uses B-Cycle equipment.

Miami & Miami Beach, FL

In March 2011, DecoBike launched in Miami Beach, Florida. The initial rollout of the program included "approximately 100 solar-powered stations and 1,000 custom-designed bikes available to residents and visitors." This public bicycle sharing and rental program is owned and operated by DecoBike, LLC, a Miami-based company, and operates under a long-term agreement with the City of Miami Beach. The service is available to both residents and visitors: any adult with a major credit card can check out a bike to pedal to their next location. An iPhone app and an interactive map on the DecoBike website allows one to locate the nearest "station" and displays the number of bikes available and the number of free docking spaces in real-time.

Milwaukee, WI

In August 2014, the City of Milwaukee in partnership with a local non-profit organization, Midwest Bike Share, launched Bublr Bikes with 10 stations in downtown Milwaukee. The system grew to 17 stations by Fall 2015, and now there are 50 stations in the City of Milwaukee plus another 7 stations in the adjacent suburb of Wauwatosa(as of December 2016). Planning for additional stations within the City of Milwaukee is underway. Additionally, the adjacent communities of Shorewood and West Allis are expected to add around 7 stations each to the system in 2017.

Minneapolis, MN

In June 2010, Minneapolis initiated operation of Nice Ride, one of the first examples of a large-scale municipal bike sharing program in the United States. Phase 1 included 700 bikes and 65 stations throughout Minneapolis Due to popularity, the system was aggressively expanded into neighboring Saint Paul in 2011. As of 29 April 2012, Nice Ride had recorded a total of 330,000 trips, and a systemwide total of 1,330 bikes at 146 stations. The system is provided by PBSC. Minneapolis, Nice Ride needed six months to reach 100,000 station-to-station rides.

New Paltz, NY

The village of New Paltz, New York, home of SUNY New Paltz, has a bicycle lending program.

New York City, NY

Citi Bike opened in New York City in May 2013.

On Memorial Day, 27 May 2013, New York City started its privately funded Citi Bike program. It was the nation's largest when it began operation, but Washington, D.C.'s system has grown faster. It began with 6,000 bikes at 330 docking stations in Manhattan and parts of Brooklyn. According to the city vision OneNYC the city wants to expand it to 12,000 bikes and 750 docking stations in Manhattan, all of Brooklyn and Queens . By 29 May, in its third day of operation, the program had 21,300 individuals signed on as annual members. As of June 2013 Citi Bike is the largest bike sharing program in the United States. In August 2015, Citi Bike once again became the largest system in the United States with 400 stations. Jump Bikes, a dockless electric bicycle sharing system launched in the city during September 2017.

Oklahoma City, OK

On 18 May 2012, the City of Oklahoma City launched its bike share program known as Spokies. On 1 August 2014, Spokies became part of EMBARK, Oklahoma City's transit agency. The system has eight docking stations and 145 bikes throughout downtown Oklahoma City.

Philadelphia, PA

The Indego system in Philadelphia

On 23 April 2015 the City of Philadelphia launched its privately funded Indego bike share program with 60 docking stations and 600 bikes, located in Center City, South Philadelphia, Northern Liberties, and University City. It used equipment by B-Cycle and was operated by Bicycle Transit Systems with a naming sponsorship from locally based health insurer Independence.

Phoenix, AZ

On 25 November 2014, Phoenix launched Grid Bike Share with 100 bikes at 27 stations. It has since expanded to nearly 500 bikes at 48 stations, and has plans to add another 200 bikes and 20 stations. Mesa, AZ, joined the system in March 2016, with 100 bikes at 14 stations, with plans to add another 200 bikes and 10–14 stations. Tempe, AZ, intends to join the three-city system in early 2017 with 300 bikes at 31 stations.

Pittsburgh, PA

On 31 May 2015 Pittsburgh, during an Open Streets day, launched its Healthy Ride bike share program. The system launched with 50 docking stations and 500 bikes located in Downtown Pittsburgh, South Side Flats, North Shore, Strip District, Lawrenceville (Pittsburgh), Oakland (Pittsburgh), Bloomfield (Pittsburgh), and Shadyside (Pittsburgh).

Portland, OR

One of the first community bicycle projects in the United States was started in Portland, Oregon in 1994 by civic and environmental activists Tom O'Keefe, Joe Keating and Steve Gunther. It took the approach of simply releasing a number of bicycles to the streets for unrestricted use. While Portland's Yellow Bike Project was successful in terms of publicity, it proved unsustainable due to theft and vandalism of the bicycles. The Yellow Bike Project was eventually terminated, and replaced with the Create A Commuter (CAC) program, which provides free secondhand bicycles to certain preselected low-income and disadvantaged people who need a bicycle to get to work or attend job training courses,

On 19 July 2016 Portland launched Biketown, a system with 1,000 GPS-enabled smart bikes sold by Social Bicycles and operated by Motivate with a $10 million, five-year naming sponsorship by Nike. It was the continent's largest smart-bike system at the time of launch. The 100 stations covered 8.1 square miles but were concentrated most densely in downtown Portland and the Pearl and Northwest Districts. Funding came entirely from a $2 million allocation of federal dollars approved by the Metro regional government, from Nike, and from ongoing user fees and smaller sponsorships.

Salem, MA

In 2011, the city of Salem, Massachusetts launched a bike share program called Salem Spins offering use of bicycles free of charge, for use around the city. The seasonal program was financed in part with a $25,000 grant for a fleet of 20 bicycles. The program is offered from April to October.

Salt Lake City, UT

On 8 April 2013, Salt Lake City launched GREENbike as the region's Bike Share brand. The program launched in downtown Salt Lake City with 10 stations and added two new stations less than four months later. The program will be expanding to 20 stations by 2014 with the goal of 100 stations in downtown Salt Lake City. Satellite GREENbike systems in cities such as Ogden are in the works and will be connected by the state transit authority's Frontrunner light rail train.

San Francisco / Bay Area, CA

The Bay Area Bike Share system began operating in the San Francisco Bay Area in August 2013.

In August 2013 the Bay Area Bike Share system began operating in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. The system allocated half of its 700 bicycle fleet in San Francisco, and the rest along the Caltrain corridor in Redwood City, Palo Alto, Mountain View and San Jose. In 2015, it was announced that the scheme would expand to 7,000 bikes, over 2016-2017, and would include the East Bay Area communities of Berkeley, Emeryville, and Oakland.

San Diego, CA

The City of San Diego has a contract with Discover (formerly DECO) Bike, a docked bike-share, but in January 2018 the city attorney Mara Elliot opined that the city could still allow dockless bike sharing. Ofo and LimeBike began operating on 15 February 2018. As of March 2018, Ofo, LimeBike, and Mobike offer dockless bike rentals within the city. LimeBike and Bird offer electric scooters, and LimeBike offers electric pedal-assist bikes as well. However, there have been some concerns in high-pedestrian corridors.

Seattle, WA

On 13 October 2014, Pronto Cycle Share launched with 500 bicycles and 50 stations. Pronto uses Motivate of New York City as the operator. In January 2017, Seattle's mayor announced the system would be permanently shut down at the end of March 2017 due to funding shortfalls. Dockless systems by LimeBike and Spin were introduced in July 2017 as their first large-city systems in the US.

Stony Brook, NY

In April 2013, Stony Brook University launched the Wolf Ride Bike Share system with 4 stations and 48 bicycles. As of November 2015, the system consists of 12 stations and 78 bicycles using software and hardware provided by PBSC.

Topeka, KS

On 15 April 2015, Topeka Metro Bikes launched with 100 smart bikes and 10 stations. An additional 100 bikes were added to the system in April 2016.

Capital Bikeshare services Washington, D.C., Arlington, Virginia and Alexandria, Virginia

Tucson, AZ

In 1996, a pilot bicycle share project known as the Orange Bike Project was organised in Tucson, Arizona by Bootstraps to Share, a homeless advocacy organisation inspired by the Bikes Not Bombs movement. Using funds from a taxpayer-funded government grant to obtain, recondition, and maintain 30 bicycles, project organisers announced plans to station the bicycles in downtown Tucson and areas adjacent to the University of Arizona. The publicly shared bicycles, painted bright orange by Earl Scheib to identify them, were primarily intended for use by the homeless or those without means of affordable transportation. The initial 30 bicycles placed into service for the Orange Bike Project were all stolen within a few weeks. A total of 80 bicycles were eventually used in the Orange Bike Project, all of which were either stolen or vandalised beyond repair. In one case, an Orange Bike Project bicycle was thrown in front of a freight train, in others, bikes were found with major frame damage consistent with deliberate vandalism. The program was terminated after only five months of operation.

Tulsa, OK

The Tulsa Townies bicycle project was launched in August 2007 by Saint Francis Health System to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in the community. This project is the first bicycle program of its kind in northeastern Oklahoma. The bicycle rental stations are located at the Tulsa River Parks trail along Riverside Drive at 19th and 41st streets and in Jenks at the 96th street Arkansas River pedestrian bridge.

Washington, D.C. & Northern Virginia

In Washington, D.C., a privately operated bike-sharing project known as SmartBike DC opened for service in 2008 for the District of Columbia with 10 stations and 120 bikes. Operated by an advertising firm, Clear Channel Outdoor, the system was funded by advertising revenues from bus shelters on public streets, along with revenues from user membership and usage fees. The program suffered from perennially low membership and rider usage rates, as well as a limited number of bike rental stations. It was officially terminated in January 2011.

Capital Bikeshare was launched in Washington, D.C. and Arlington County, Virginia in 2010.

On 20 September 2010, Arlington County, Virginia and the District of Columbia launched the U.S.'s first public-private partnership bikeshare system, Capital Bikeshare (CaBi) which replaced SmartBike DC. Unlike SmartBike, CaBi is a public taxpayer-supported (local government and federal funds) bicycle sharing program. The initial scheme involved some 1,100 bicycles at 100 stations located throughout the District of Columbia and parts of Arlington County, Virginia. The cost of planning, implementation and administration for Capital Bikeshare totaled US$5.0 million, with first-year operating costs of US$2.3 million for 100 stations. CaBi was operated by Alta Bicycle Share (now Motivate International) with equipment from Montreal-based PBSC Urban Solutions. For a time, Capital Bike Share was the largest bike sharing system in the United States until May 2013. The system expanded into Alexandria, Virginia in 2012, and Montgomery County, Maryland in 2013. Thus Capital Bike Share expanded to become the largest bike sharing system in the United States again with 344 stations again, before losing that title again in 2015.

As of 2017 Washington, D.C. has four dockless bike-share systems.

Wauwatosa, WI

In June 2017, the city of Wauwatosa, Wisconsin partnered with Zagster to incorporate an adaptive bike-share station into their existing Bublr network. It is thought to be the first adaptive bike-share station in Wisconsin, and the dual partnership is thought to be the first of its kind in the United States.(ride share programs existed in Madison Wisconsin for free)

California

In California, many cities have launched or have stated plans to launch their own bike-sharing programs, including the cities of Anaheim (currently 10 bikes at 1 station, with plans for 100 bikes at 10 stations), Los Angeles (plans for 4000 bikes at 400 stations), Santa Monica (plans for 250 bikes at 25 locations), and San Diego The San Francisco Bay Area's Bay Area Air Quality Management District, in partnership with Alta Bike Share, city governments, and transportation authorities, have announced plans for a pilot regional sharing program in 2013 for the San Francisco Peninsula and San Jose.

In the Fall of 2009, the University of California, Irvine introduced its Zotwheels automated bike share program. Students and university employees may sign up for a Zotwheels membership card at an annual cost of $40, which enables the user to check out a bike from any bike station located throughout campus for a maximum of three hours and drop it off at any other station. A$200 charge is imposed for a lost, stolen, or severely damaged bike. Bicycle availability and station operational status may be determined using an interactive map. Revenues from membership fees are sufficient to offset only a small fraction of the total operating costs of the program; all remaining manufacture, installation, maintenance, and implementation costs of the Zotwheels systems and the bicycles themselves are borne by UCI. Zotwheels was developed as a collaboration between the UCI Parking and Transportation Services, The Collegiate Bicycle Company, CSL Ltd, and Miles Data Technologies.

In January 2018, e-bike provider Jump Bikes officially launched in San Francisco, becoming the first dockless bicycle-sharing system to launch in the city.

ofo offers a partnership program with universities to provide sustainable campus transportation. On 21 February 2018, ofo and Pomona College in Claremont, California launched the first college pilot program in California. The collaboration will benefit not only the Pomona College community, but also the other Claremont Colleges in the Claremont Consortium.

South America

EcoBici station in Buenos Aires

Bike Rio rental station located near Posto 9, Ipanema, in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil.

Bici Q station in Quito, Ecuador

Argentina

Buenos Aires

The bike sharing system, EcoBici, is free upon registration and has 1800 bicycles available at 150 rental stations throughout Buenos Aires, with 181 km of lanes, as of 2017. The system was deployed by the City of Buenos Aires and is owned by the city and implemented by Bike In Baires Consortium, with technology from Serttel Brasil in partnership with Argentina's local company. Upon completion, it will have 3,000 bicycles and 200 stations with 200 km of lanes.

Rosario

On 2 December 2015 Rosario launched Mi bici tu bici and has 200 bicycles available at 18 rental stations in the downtown.

San Lorenzo

On November 2016 San Lorenzo launched Biciudad, a free-to-use Bike Sharing System of the city of San Lorenzo. This is a system of Free Public Transport launched by the San Lorenzo Government to achieve the reduction of the use of motor vehicles and enhance other means of non-motorized transport such as walking, or the bike itself.

The Biciudad Bike Sharing System is expanding along with the construction of a circuit of exclusive lanes for bicycles across the city.

Brazil

Bike Rio opened to the public in October 2011. The bike sharing system has 2600 bicycles available at 260 rental stations located in 20 neighbourhoods throughout Rio de Janeiro. The system was deployed by the municipal government of Rio de Janeiro in partnership with Banco Itaú, and operated by Serttel, a private concessionaire.

A similar scheme was implemented in the city of São Paulo on 24 May 2012, called Bike Sampa. It is free up to the first hour of use, after which users are charged R$5 every 30 minutes. There are about 140,000 registered users and, as of 6 May 2013, there had been 220,000 bicycle trips in the city. Serttel is also the concessionaire for this scheme, and the website of Bike Sampa is hosted by Mobilicidade. Other cities with similar bike sharing systems are operated by Serttel (www.serttel.com.br): Brasília, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Porto Alegre, Santos, Recife, Belém, Manaus, Fortaleza, Vitória and Aracaju. Fortaleza deserves a highlight because its bike sharing system, named Bicicletar, has the highest relative use in Brazil. With 800 bikes and 80 stations the system register 6,4 trips per bike in workdays.

Chile

There are two working bike-share systems in the metropolitan area of Santiago, capital city of Chile, Bikesantiago and Bici Las Condes.

History

The commune of Providencia, part of the Santiago de Chile metropolitan area, implemented a public bike-share system in Latin America, named B'easy and starting services in August 2008 with a monthly membership of 1000 Chilean Pesos (USD 2) and 4 stations.

Santiago Metropolitan Area

Bikesantiago started its services in October 2013 in the metropolitan commune of Vitacura with 30 stations, 300 bicycles and a monthly membership of 4990 Chilean pesos (USD 8). By November 2015, it had 25000 subscribers, 132 stations and 1882 bicycles on the communes of Lo Barnechea, Vitacura, Providencia (Replacing the original B'easy system), Santiago, Ñuñoa, Recoleta and Independencia and has contracts for a programmed expansion in a total of 14 communes, 200 stations and 2100 bikes in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago.

Las Condes

Bici Las Condes is the communal bike-share system of Las Condes, part of the Metropolitan Area of Santiago. It started services in March 2015 with a total of 50 stations and 500 bikes and has a planned expansion to a total of 100 stations and 1000 bikes. The decision of the Las Condes municipal council of not joining the Metropolitan area tender for an bike-sharing metropolitan interconected system was very controversial.

Colombia

The EnCicla Bike Share System in Medellín is operated by the metropolitan area of Aburrá Valley. EnCicla is integrated with the city's existing infrastructure of cycle routes, mass transit and public transport systems.

Ecuador

In August 2012 the Municipality of Quito government established a municipal bicycle sharing system called Bici Q. The Municipality of Cuenca implemented a public bicycle sharing system in 2013. Bici Q is completely free and is available for anyone to users with membership cards, which can be obtained online or in person.

Uruguay

The Movete Bike Share System in Montevideo. Montevideo is integrated with the city's existing infrastructure of cycle routes, mass transit and public transport systems.

Asia

China

• 
  Mobikes in Beijing
• 
  Mobike
• 
  An Ofo bike

Initially, a number of traditional (third generation) docked public bike systems operated by local municipal governments opened across China, with the largest ones being in Wuhan and Hangzhou. The first was introduced in Beijing in 2007. However, third generation bike sharing is not considered successful for the majority cities in China. Bike sharing in Beijing virtually stopped and it also has encountered difficulties in Shanghai and Wuhan.

In 2014, students from Peking University created a company called ofo and initialize the fourth generation bike sharing system in their campus. In 2017, a number of private competing app-based dockless bike-sharing programs have started to appear in numerous cities across China. The two largest dockless operators are Mobike and Ofo, others include Bluegogo and Xiaoming. Many Chinese cities have experienced massive growth in the number and use these dockless bikeshare programs, clogging sidewalks around major commercial hubs and subway stations with parked bikes. Given the speed of growth with these services, local governments did not have any regulations or planning to accommodate these systems. However the Chinese government encourages the development of dockless bikes to reduce urban pollution. Early studies in Beijing and Shanghai have linked the massive increase of dockless bike shares to the decrease in the number of private automobile trips that are less than five kilometres. In Guangzhou, the arrival of dockless bike shares had a positive impact in the growth of cycling modeshare. The Transport Commission of Shenzhen noted a 10% decrease in private car trips after the introduction of dockless bike shares.

Beijing

Shared bike rack in Beijing

A municipal scheme in Beijing launched in 2012 with the stationing of 2,000 bikes in Chaoyang district. The scheme is scheduled to consist of 20,000 rental bikes and 500 kiosks, according to the Beijing Municipal Commission of Development and Reform. The main operating area will be in business districts and near subway stations and major public venues. By 2015, authorities intend to have 50,000 bikes available, similar to the Hangzhou scheme that is their model. This follows the failure of a scheme launched in 2005–2006 (ahead of Velib) and in the light of a 2011 announcement by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport that it expects to raise the bike share of urban commuter journeys from 20 to 23 per cent by 2015.

Ofo bikes randomly parked on the pavement (sidewalk) in Beijing

In March 2017, Beijing saw over 200,000 dockless shared bikes from various companies entered service. Near the end of 2017 it has grown to 2.35 million for-hire bikes from 15 companies. The bikes are accessible via an app, and cost 1 RMB per hour plus a refundable damage deposit of 299 RMB. This is on top of the existing municipal run dock based bike network with 86,000 bikes. The Beijing municipal government has pledged to improve management and parking availability in response to the rapidly growing fleets of dockless bikes shares. Beijing cycling mode share increased from 5.5% to 11.6% after the arrival of these dockless bike systems.

Shanghai

In preparation for the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, China, Shanghai launched a limited bike share programme which are accessible by RFID cards. Users could purchase 100-ride credits for about $30. Short rides are rewarded credits and longer rides subtract credits once the bikes have been re-docked. Shanghai planned to expand to 3,500 Bicycle Hot Spots throughout the entire city by 2010. Two years after the World Expo, Shanghai's bicycle sharing programme has been mostly limited to the Minhang District.

Bikes from various bike-share companies in Shanghai

The Shanghai Bike Authority estimated that there are 280,000 shared bikes in Shanghai by March 2017, with a projected increase of 220,000 bikes by June. In March 2017, the government in Shanghai is requesting a temporary ban on the introduction of new private "dockless" shared bikes. Shanghai has prepared new regulations that will restrict rider ages to between 12 and 70 and bikes in service for more than three years in a row must be permanently removed. Mobike alone operates 100,000 bikes in Shanghai and has claimed to have made Shanghai into the city with the world's largest bike share network.

Haikou

Starting from around the beginning of 2017, Haikou, the capital of Hainan province, experienced a massive increase in the number of dockless bikes by Ofo, Mobike, and Quick To which and cost 2 RMB per hour. The fourth is the Haikou Public Bike System which is a traditional municipal run docked system.

Wenzhou

Wenzhou has multiple bike share programs serving different districts of the city. The first one opened in 2012 serving Lucheng District with about 5,000 bikes and 180 stations. Next year, a bike share with 2,200 bikes and 66 stations opened in Longwan District. At the same time, a separate bike share program with 1,040 bikes and 32 stations opened in Ouhai District. The latter of the two is being expanded to 3,250 bikes and 109 stations. According to local government records, more than 20,000 dockless bikes from various private bike share companies have entered service in Wenzhou recently.

Guangzhou

The Guangzhou BRT has a bike share program integrated around its BRT stations. According to the local government, in 2017, Guangzhou has a fleet of over 700,000 bikes in various public and private bike share programs. On average 4 million trips each day were made using share bikes. The local government is reviewing traffic management strategies and road design standards to accommodate the increase in cycling traffic.

Guilin

In 2014, Guilin City opened docked bike share with 3,000 bikes spread out over 100 stations.

Hangzhou

The Hangzhou Public Bicycle bike-sharing system has 60,600 bikes and started in 2008. Bike-sharing stations can be found in Hangzhou every 100 metres. The first hour of use is free, followed by 1 yuan ($0.15) for the first hour, 2 yuan the second hour, and 3 yuan each subsequent hour. In 2013 USA Today called the Hangzhou bike-sharing system the 'best in the world'. From a March 2010 survey of Hangzhou Public Bicycle members and non-members it was found that 30% of Hangzhou Bike-Sharing users incorporated bicycle sharing into their most common commute. Furthermore, the bicycle sharing system captured modal share from bus transit, walking, autos and taxis. Another key finding in this study suggests that car ownership may not reduce the likelihood of bikesharing use. In fact, members of the Hangzhou system exhibited a higher rate of auto ownership in comparison to non-members. Before the arrival of private dockless systems, Hangzhou was the largest bike share system in the world until it was overtaken by Wuhan. In 2011, the system had 2,050 bike-share stations with a fleet of over 50,000 bikes and serving 240,000 trips per day. By 2015, it was expanded to over 84,000 bikes and 3,354 stations.

Nanning

Since December 2013, Nanning has a bicycle sharing system with 1000 bicycles and 50 stations. The first hour of usage is free, after it costs 2RMB/h. By 2014, it was expanded to about 25,000 bikes and 896 stations.

Ningbo

A municipal docked bike share program opened in 2013 with 7,500 bikes and 300 stations. By 2015, it has been expanded to 30,000 bikes spread over 1,240 stations across the city.

Quanzhou

A municipal docked bike share program, operated by Taiwan-based YouBike, opened in 2016 with over 200 stations and a fleet of 6,000 bikes. In 2017, it is being expanded to 410 stations with over 18,000 bikes.

Shaoxing

In 2011, a 1,500 bike, 26 station bike share opened in Shaoxing. In 2012, it was expanded by 2,000 bikes and 50 stations.

Suzhou

The Suzhou Industrial Park has a bicycle sharing system (苏州工业园区公共自行车) with 1,880 bicycles and 72 stations, which launched in January 2012.

Xi'an

Since 2011, Xi'an has a bicycle sharing system with 8,000 bicycles and 375 stations. By 2016, it was expanded to 52,000 public bicycles and 1,800 stations.

Lanzhou

In 2014, a bike sharing system was created around downtown Lanzhou with 377 stations.

Kunming

A municipal docked bike share program opened in 2015 with 5,000 bikes and over 700 stations. In 2017, the system will consist of 2,500 bike stations as far south as Chenggong District and approximately 45,000 bicycles. Kunming expects to expand its bicycle-sharing system to 6,500 stations by 2019. Bicycles are free for the first hour, cost 0.5 yuan for each additional half hour and 15 yuan for an entire day.

Hong Kong

"Gobee.bike" launched in April 2017, becoming the first dockless bike sharing provider in Hong Kong. Another Hong Kong local Dockless bike company is called HobaBike.com which was founded by a British educated Hong Kong engineer, Joseph Sung who formally was a Ford of Europe and Jaguar LandRover UK HQ Product engineer. Meanwhile, plans have been announced by Cleantech Solutions to enable users to rent bikes from multiple providers, by providing an app with a centralised list of available bicycles across all providers.

In July 2018, Gobee.bike announced to terminate their operation in Hong Kong. Current major bicycle-sharing operations includes ofo, Hoba Bike, Ketch'Up Bike, LocoBike, and oBike.

Iran

In July 2016, first Iranian modern public bike system was designed and established in Urmia city with 250 bikes in 20 stations by ASI company by the brand name of "U Bike" .

India

Mumbai

Mumbai operates two schemes, and the Ministry of Urban Development is preparing to launch a 10-city public bike scheme as part of its "Mission for Sustainable Habitat".

Ahmedabad

MyByk cycle sharing program in Ahmedabad started with eight stations within the city in 2013. Subscribers can keep bicycles as long as required without having to return them to the stations. MyByk cycle sharing program in Ahmedabad started with eight stations within the city in 2013. Subscribers can keep bicycles as long as required without having to return them to the stations.

Mysuru (Mysore)

Mysore is the first Indian city to initiate cycle sharing in 2009 with 28 locations as of 2009 and 52 planned locations. Mysore is the first Indian city to initiate cycle sharing in 2009 with 28 locations as of 2009 and 52 planned locations.

New Delhi

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) launched the first software based ‘Public Bicycle Sharing scheme (PBS)’ as per which commuters can rent cycles from a residential area and travel to the nearest Metro station and then again rent a cycle from a departing Metro station to the nearby localities. The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) launched the first software based ‘Public Bicycle Sharing scheme (PBS)’ as per which commuters can rent cycles from a residential area and travel to the nearest Metro station and then again rent a cycle from a departing Metro station to the nearby localities.

Pune

A lot of IT companies in Pune has been taking the initiative of promoting cycle to work. There are lot of bicycle sharing system started in Pune itself. One of the bicycle renting system has been initiated by PedalSaddle in Pune providing cycles on rent for cost cheaper than public transportation. Pune has India's first and biggest bicycle mall ever with a total investment of Rs 5 crore. One of the bicycle renting system has been initiated by PedalSaddle in Pune providing cycles on rent for cost cheaper than public transportation. Pune has India's first and biggest bicycle mall ever with a total investment of Rs 5 crore. In January 2018, One of China’s leading bicycle-sharing companies Ofo launched its dockless bicycle-sharing services in Pune. In 2017, ENPRO Industries, Pune took the initiative of promoting cycle to work.

Other cities

The trend is catching on in some other cities including Rajkot, Bhubaneswar. and Vadodara (Baroda)

Indonesia

Bandung

Bandung municipal government operates 30 stations with 270 bikes, called Boseh Bikesharing.

Israel

Tel-Aviv

Main article: Tel-O-Fun

Tel-O-Fun, started in 2011, is a bicycle sharing program in Tel-Aviv with 2,000 bicycles and 200 stations throughout the city and in some surrounding towns.

Japan

According to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism as of 2012 there were a number of city-level pilot schemes in operation in Japan, the largest of which was Edogawa City in Tokyo with 500 cycles available for hire. Toyama also has a bicycle sharing system, that takes the region's public transit IC card Passca.

Kazakhstan

Astana-Bike in the capital Astana, 200 bikes in 40 stations, 1000 bikes for Expo 2017.

Shymkent-bike in Shymkent, 200 bikes in 44 stations.

Almaty-bike in Almaty, September 2016.

Malaysia

George Town

Main article: LinkBike

A LinkBike station in George Town, Penang.

LinkBike in George Town, Penang commenced operations in December 2016 with 60 bicycles, making it the first city in Malaysia to introduce a public bicycle-sharing system. This service has since been expanded to 250 bicycles and 25 stations throughout George Town, covering destinations between Gurney Drive to the north and Queensbay Mall to the south.

Kota Kinabalu

In March 2017, the Kota Kinabalu City Hall begin to implemented its bicycles sharing service with 20 bicycles made available for the first stage. Those who want to use the service need to have the City Hall 'touch and go' card with RM200 (U$45) as deposit to use the bicycle for 24 hours with the money is refundable when the bicycle is returned. Its stations available in major hotels in the city as well as in Tanjung Lipat and in front of the Grace Court apartment in Sembulan with another 150 bicycles available in stores.

Klang Valley

Main article: oBike

The Subang Jaya LRT/KTM station has been selected as the first pioneer for bicycle sharing system brought by Singaporean company into Malaysia. oBike rider will be charged RM1.00 per 15 minutes usage.

South Korea

Seoul

Main article: Ddareungi

Following trials, a bike-sharing system named Ddareungi was introduced in Seoul in October 2015 in select areas of the right bank of the Han River. After a few months, the number of stations reached 150 and 1500 bikes were made available. In 2016, the number of stations has increased steadily to cover new districts. As of July 2016, there were about 300 stations and 3000 bikes available, and Seoul mayor Park Won-sun has confirmed his intention to increase the number of bikes available to 20,000.

Taiwan

National systems

A YouBike station in Hsinchu City, Taiwan.

Launched in Taipei City in 2009 and expanded through cooperation between the Taipei City Government and Taiwanese bike manufacturer Giant, YouBike is the largest bicycle-sharing service in the country; the system saw 22 million rentals in 2014, double the 11 million rentals in the previous year.

As of July 2018, YouBike had expanded from Northern Taiwan to Central Taiwan, with services in Taipei, New Taipei, Hsinchu City, Hsinchu County, Changhua County, Taoyuan City and Taichung City.

Singaporean dockless bicycle-sharing platform oBike launched in Taiwan in April 2017 under the management of Taiwan's Aozhi Network Technology Co., Ltd. The parking of the bikes in public areas such as sidewalks and motorcycle parking spaces caused controversy. As of 20 June 2017, oBike was present in the cities of Keelung, New Taipei, Taipei, Hsinchu, Tainan and Kaohsiung as well as the counties of Nantou, Yilan, Hualien and Taitung.

Kaohsiung

A CityBike station in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

The southern city of Kaohsiung launched the country's first bicycle-sharing service, CityBike, on March 1, 2009 with 20 stations and 1,500 Merida bikes. In 2011, CityBike's original operator, Tongli Development, transferred it to Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation. As of September 30, 2017, the service comprised 283 stations with approximately 3,000 bikes.

Thailand

Launched in Bangkok in 2017.

Turkey

Public bike sharing services in Turkey use Baksi system. In Istanbul, the system called İsbike started in 2012 with 10 stations and 100 bikes along the Marmara coast on the Asian side of the city.

Similar systems are operational in Kayseri, Izmir, Antalya, Kocaeli and Eskişehir.

United Arab Emirates

8D Technologies bike station for ADBC Bikeshare in Abu Dhabi.

ADCB Bikeshare is the first and only bike sharing scheme in the United Arab Emirates. The scheme operates in the nation's capital city of Abu Dhabi, and is sponsored by Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank. ADCB Bikeshare launched December 2015. Run by Cyacle, the programme operates on Yas Island and Al Raha Beach, where there are 11 stations with 75 bicycles available for hire. In the first eight months of operation, 5,641 people became members of the scheme and rode 78,689 kilometres (48,895 miles) on 8,536 trips.

Australasia

Australia

A number of Australian cities have had docking shared bike systems since 2010. In 2017 dockless bike sharing commenced in all the capital cities. The dockless systems experienced a higher degree of vandalism, including bikes dumped in rivers, than has been seen in other countries. The dockless services all provided helmets with the bikes.

Docked systems

Melbourne Bike Share (MBS), the first municipal bicycle share system in Australia, was launched in Melbourne in June 2010. It started with 10 stations. Usage has been lower than expected and has required ongoing public subsidy. Take-up has been affected by the location of docking stations and the legal requirement for riders wear helmets, which are not provided with the bikes. Ridership doubled when $5 helmets were offered for sale from vending machines. Currently the MBS uses 500 cycles at about 50 stations around Melbourne's central business district.

One of nineteen E-bike docking stations across Newcastle CBD, NSW, Australia.

Newcastle's central business district launched an e-bike share scheme on 21 May 2018, including 19 docking stations with 100 electric bikes. The bike scheme was launched as a partnership between the operator BYKKO, and Transport for NSW. An initial pilot program funded with $2000AUD of council grant money was conducted, though evidence of the evaluation does not appear to be posted publicly. After speaking with the local newspaper, BYKKO said the aim of the project is to complement the existing public transport system.

The Brisbane CityCycle, operated by JCDecaux, started on 1 September 2010 and has grown to include 2000 bikes in 150 stations. Its operation has depended on public subsidy. Initially, helmets were not provided with the bikes, but this was later changed. After only achieving 80,000 trips in its first twelve months , this increased to 522,388 in the 2016-17 financial year.

Dockless Systems

In 2017 dockless systems were launched in a number of Australia cities.

Sydney

• oBike has placed 1,000 bikes since July 2017.
• Reddy Go started with 1,500 bikes, also in July 2017, and has expanded to over 2,000 bikes. The company quit Sydney in July 2018, citing "red tape".
• Ofo launched with 600 bikes in October 2017. In July 2018 Ofo announced it was leaving Australia.
• Mobike distributed up to 500 bikes in November 2017.

Melbourne

• oBike placed 1,250 bikes in Melbourne since July 2017. There has been notable vandalism of the bikes in the first few months, including being dumping in the Yarra River.

Perth

• Urbi bike-share began a 12-month trial operating within the City of Joondalup in September 2017.

Adelaide

Ofo launched distributed 50 bikes through North Adelaide in October 2017. In July 2018 Ofo announced it was leaving Australia.

Brisbane

A bicycle sharing station in Newstead, Brisbane

Subscriptions for CityCycle, a Vélib-style community bike hire scheme by JCDecaux for Brisbane started on 1 September 2010 and has grown to include 2000 bikes in 150 stations from the University of Queensland to Tenerife. Its operation has depended on public subsidy. Initially helmets were not provided with the bikes but this was later changed. After only achieving 80,000 trips in its first twelve months, by 2016-17 this had increase to 522,388.

The bikes were linked to the public transport go card – a single card covering all buses, trains, ferries and the Gold Coast light rail system. In 2017 it was announced new bank card facilities would be added to the stations.

Gold Coast

Mobike started with 200 bikes around Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach in February 2018 with the number expected to grow to 2,000 by the time of the Commonwealth Games in April. Mobike has been granted exclusive rights to operate bike sharing by the local council and will partner with Transit Australia Group and Good Cycles.

New Zealand

In both Auckland and Christchurch, Nextbike provide some limited cycle sharing facilities; plans are in hand to expand these. The New Zealand Transport Agency is working with Auckland Transport and the Christchurch City Council respectively to investigate cycle sharing schemes for each city, and independently a private consortium proposes to have a scheme in place in Auckland during 2017.

OnzO was the first dockless bike share to launch in New Zealand, arriving in Auckland in late 2017, and in Wellington in 2018.

Universities

Canada

• University of British Columbia, Vancouver – Purple and Yellow Bikes

India

• Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – NammaCycle
• Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi -Desi Wheels
• Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay – Zoomcar PEDL

Mexico

• National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City – Bicipuma

United Kingdom

Several cycle hire schemes in UK towns and cities overlap their university areas, e.g. the one at Stirling. Others, e.g. Leeds, offer longer-term cycle hire. Kingston University are reported to have a scheme called KU Bikes due to begin in early 2018, while Derby anticipates that Hourbike will run a scheme in Derby operating electric bikes, around the same time.

• University of Nottingham, Nottingham – Ucycle

United States

Zotwheels Bike Share at the University of California Irvine.

• Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee – Belmont Bikes
• California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California – Zagster
• College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina – Bike Share
• Cornell College, Mount Vernon, Iowa – Purple Bikes
• Cornell University, Ithaca, New York – Big Red Bikes
• Duke University, Durham, North Carolina – Zagster
• Emory University, Druid Hills, Georgia – Bike Emory
• Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida – ReCycle Program
• Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia – viaCycle@GT
• Hamilton College, Clinton, New York – Gilded Bicycle Guild (founded in 2006, returned spring 2012)
• Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts – Yellow Bike Program
• Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts – CrimsonBikes
• Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois – Reggie Ride
• Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire – Green Bike Program
• Kent State University, Kent, Ohio – Flashfleet
• New York University, New York City – NYU Bike Share
• Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona – Yellow Bike Program
• Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan – OU Bike Share
• Occidental College, Los Angeles, California – Bike Share
• Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio – Buckeye Bikes
• Olin College, Needham, Massachusetts – GO Bikes
• Otterbein University, Westerville, Ohio – Otterbike Program
• Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania – Zagster
• St. Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota – Green Bikes
• Saint Xavier University, Chicago, Illinois – Green Bike
• Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California – Zagster
• Southwestern University, Georgetown, Texas – Pirate Bike Program
• Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York – Wolf Ride – PBSC
• University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California – Zotwheels (automated bike share program, inaugurated Fall 2009)
• University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois – recycles
• University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio – UC Bearcats Bike Share
• University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky – Wildcat Wheels,
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – Tar Heel Bikes
• University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – PennCycle
• University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida – Borrow Our Bikes Program
• University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma – Yellow Bikes
• University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont – B.U.G. Bike Share
• Trinity College (Connecticut), Hartford,CT – Bantam Bike
• Washington State University, Pullman, Washington – WSU Green Bike Program – PBSC (operated by WSU Wellbeing, inaugurated in Fall 2009)
• Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut – Zagster

See also

• Alternatives to the automobile
• Bicycle sharing system
• Carsharing
• Collaborative consumption
• Outline of cycling
• Scooter-sharing system
• Sustainable transport

External links

• Bike sharing map