Guangzhou: Difference between revisions
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==References== |
==References== |
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*[http://www.chinatravel.com/guangdong/guangzhou/weather.htm Guangzhou Weather] |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
Revision as of 09:11, 22 November 2008
City of Guangzhou
广州市 | |
---|---|
![]() Tianhe, Guangzhou | |
Nickname(s): The Flower City, Five Rams City | |
![]() Location within China | |
Country | ![]() |
Province | Guangdong |
Officiated | 1918 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Zhang Guangning |
Area | |
• City | 7,434.4 km2 (2,870.4 sq mi) |
• Urban | 3,843.4 km2 (5,000 sq mi) |
• Metro | 9,123 km2 (3,522 sq mi) |
Elevation | 11 m (37 ft) |
Population (2006)[citation needed] | |
• City | 7,607,200 |
• Density | 1,023/km2 (2,650/sq mi) |
• Urban | 6,253,300 |
• Metro | 9,754,600 |
• Metro density | 1,627/km2 (4,210/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (UTC) |
Postal code | 510000 |
Website | http://www.gz.gov.cn |
Guangzhou | |||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simplified Chinese | 广州 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 廣州 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jyutping | Gwong² zau1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanyu Pinyin | Guǎngzhōu | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Postal | Canton | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州; traditional Chinese: 廣州; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu; jyutping : Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the capital and a sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province in the southern part of the People's Republic of China. The city is also known by an alternative English name, Canton. It is a port on the Pearl River, navigable to the South China Sea, and is located about 120 km (75 miles) northwest of Hong Kong. As of the 2000 census, the city has a population of 6 million, and a metropolitan population of roughly 8.5 million (though some estimates are as high as 12.6 million)[citation needed] making it the most populous city in the province and the third most populous metropolitan area in mainland China. The official estimate of the metro's population at end 2006 by the Provincial Government was 9,754,600.
Geography
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Guangzhou_citic_plaza.jpg/220px-Guangzhou_citic_plaza.jpg)
Guangzhou is located at 112°57'E to 114°3'E and 22°26'N to 23°56'N. The city is part of the Pearl River Delta.
Guangzhou has a humid subtropical climate influenced by the Asian monsoon. Summers are wet with high temperatures and a high humidity index. Winters are mild, dry and sunny.
Population
jpg
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Guangzhou_Beijing_Road_historical_site.jpg/220px-Guangzhou_Beijing_Road_historical_site.jpg)
Population (2006): Metro - 9,754,600, Urban - 6,253,300, and City - 7,607,200
Districts/Cities | Population |
---|---|
Yuexiu | 1,151,481 |
Liwan | 705,262 |
Haizhu | 890,512 |
Tianhe | 645,453 |
Baiyun | 767,688 |
Huangpu | 193,641 |
Huadu | 636,706 |
Panyu | 947,607 |
Nansha | 147,579 |
Luogang | 167,360 |
Zengcheng City | 810,554 |
Conghua City | 543,377 |
Administrative divisions
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Huanghuagang_Mausoleum_of_72_Martyrs.jpg/220px-Huanghuagang_Mausoleum_of_72_Martyrs.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sunset_in_Guangzhou.jpg/220px-Sunset_in_Guangzhou.jpg)
Guangzhou is a sub-provincial city. It has direct jurisdiction over ten districts and two county-level cities.
Name | Chinese characters (Hanzi) | Hanyu Pinyin | Cantonese Yale | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Districts | ||||
Yuexiu | 越秀区 / 越秀區 | Yuèxiù Qū | Yut6sau3 Keui1 | |
Liwan | 荔湾区 / 荔灣區 | Lìwān Qū | Lai6waan1 Keui1 | |
Haizhu | 海珠区 / 海珠區 | Hǎizhū Qū | Hoi2jyu1 Keui1 | |
Tianhe | 天河区 / 天河區 | Tiānhé Qū | Tin1ho4 Keui1 | |
Baiyun | 白云区 / 白雲區 | Báiyún Qū | Baak6wan4 Keui1 | |
Huangpu | 黄埔区 / 黃埔區 | Huángpǔ Qū | Wong4bou3 Keui1 | |
Huadu | 花都区 / 花都區 | Huādu Qū | Fa1dou1 Keui1 | |
Panyu | 番禺区 / 番禺區 | Pānyú Qū | Pun1yu4 Keui1 | |
Nansha | 南沙区 / 南沙區 | Nánshā Qū | Naam4sa1 Keui1 | |
Luogang | 萝岗区 / 蘿崗區 | Luógǎng Qū | Lo4gong1 Keui1 | |
County-level cities | ||||
Zengcheng City | 增城市 / 增城市 | Zēngchéng Shì | Jang1sing4 Si5 | |
Conghua City | 从化市 / 從化市 | Cónghuà Shì | Chung4fa3 Si5 |
As of April 28, 2005, the districts of Dongshan and Fangcun have been abolished and merged into Yuexiu and Liwan respectively; at the same time the district of Nansha was established out of parts of Panyu, and the district of Luogang was established out of parts of Baiyun, Tianhe, and Zengcheng, plus a part of Huangpu, making an exclave next to Huangpu.
Road names
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/L%27Arc_de_Guangzhou.jpg/220px-L%27Arc_de_Guangzhou.jpg)
- (Chinese: 中山一路; pinyin: ZhōngShānYīLù)
- (Chinese: 中山二路; pinyin: ZhōngShānErLù)
- (Chinese: 中山三路; pinyin: ZhōngShānSānLù)
- (Chinese: 中山四路; pinyin: ZhōngShānSìLù)
- (Chinese: 中山五路; pinyin: ZhōngShānWǔLù)
- (Chinese: 中山六路; pinyin: ZhōngShānLìuLù)
- (Chinese: 中山七路; pinyin: ZhōngShānQīLù)
- (Chinese: 中山八路; pinyin: ZhōngShānBāLù)
- (Chinese: 一德路; pinyin: YīDéLù)
- (simplified Chinese: 二沙岛; traditional Chinese: 二沙島; pinyin: èrShāDǎo)
- (Chinese: 三元里; pinyin: SānYuánLǐ)
- (simplified Chinese: 四牌楼; traditional Chinese: 四牌樓; pinyin: SìPáiLóu)
- (simplified Chinese: 五凤村; traditional Chinese: 五鳳村; pinyin: WŭFèngCūn)
- (simplified Chinese: 六甫水脚; traditional Chinese: 六圃水腳; pinyin: LìuPǔShǔiJiǎo)
- (Chinese: 七株榕; pinyin: QīZhūRóng)
- (simplified Chinese: 八旗二马路; traditional Chinese: 八旗二馬路; pinyin: BāQíÈrMǎLù)
- (Chinese: 九如通津; pinyin: JǐuRúTōngJīn)
- (Chinese: 十三行; pinyin: ShíSānHáng)
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/1st_National_Congress_of_Kuomintang_of_China.jpg/220px-1st_National_Congress_of_Kuomintang_of_China.jpg)
The first known city built at the site of Guangzhou was Panyu (蕃禺, later simplified to 番禺; Poon Yu in Cantonese) founded in 214 BC. The city has been continuously occupied since that time. Panyu was expanded when it became the capital of the Nanyue Kingdom (南越) in 206 BC.
Recent archaeological founding of her palace suggests that the city might have traded frequently with foreigners by the sea routes. The foreign trade continued through every following dynasty and the city remains a major international trading port to this day.
The Han Dynasty annexed Nanyue in 111 BC, and Panyu became a provincial capital and remains so until this day. In 226 AD, the city however became the seat of the Guang Prefecture (廣州; Guangzhou). Therefore, "Guangzhou" was the name of the prefecture, not of the city. However, people grew accustomed to calling the city Guangzhou, instead of Panyu.
Although the Chinese name of Guangzhou replaced Panyu as the name of the walled city, Panyu was still the name of the area surrounding the walled city until the end of Qing era.
Arab and Persian pirates sacked Guangzhou (known to them as Sin-Kalan) in AD 758, ² according to a local Guangzhou government report on October 30 758, which corresponded to the day of Guisi (癸巳) of the ninth lunar month in the first year of the Qianyuan era of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty.[1][2][3]
During the Northern Song Dynasty, a celebrated poet called Su Shi (Shisu) visited Guangzhou's Baozhuangyan Temple and wrote the inscription "Liu Rong" (Six Banyan Trees) because of the six banyan trees he saw there. It has since been called the Temple of the 6 Banyan Trees.
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive to the city by sea, establishing a monopoly on the external trade out of its harbor by 1511. They were later expelled from their settlements in Guangzhou (in Portuguese Cantão), but instead granted use of Macau as a trade base with the city in 1557. They would keep a near monopoly of foreign trade in the region until the arrival of the Dutch in the early seventeenth century.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
After China claimed control of Taiwan in 1683, the Qing government became open to encouraging foreign trade. Guangzhou quickly emerged as one of the most adaptable ports for negotiating commerce and before long, many foreign ships were going there to procure cargos.
Portuguese in Macau, Spanish in Manila, and Armenians and Muslims from India were already actively trading in the port by the 1690s, when the French and English British East India Company's ships began frequenting the port through the Canton System.
Other companies were soon to follow: the Ostend General India company in 1717; Dutch East India Company in 1729; the first Danish ship in 1731, which was followed by a Danish Asiatic Company ship in 1734; the Swedish East India Company in 1732; followed by an occasional Prussian and Trieste Company ship; the Americans in 1784; and the first ships from Australia in 1788.
By the middle of the 18th century, Guangzhou had emerged as one of the world's great trading ports under the Thirteen Factories, which was a distinction it maintained until the outbreak of the Opium Wars in 1839 and the opening of other ports in China in 1842. The privilege during this period made Guangzhou one of the top 3 cities in the world.[4]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Second_Opium_War-guangzhou.jpg/220px-Second_Opium_War-guangzhou.jpg)
Guangzhou's monopoly on English trade ended with the Treaty of Nanking, signed in 1842 to end the First Opium War between Britain and China. The treaty opened four new treaty ports, allowing British merchants to trade in Fuzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo, and Shanghai in addition to Guangzhou.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Situationsk%C3%A4rtchen_von_Kanton%2C_Makao%2C_Hongkong.jpg/220px-Situationsk%C3%A4rtchen_von_Kanton%2C_Makao%2C_Hongkong.jpg)
In 1918, the city's urban council was established and "Guangzhou" became the official name of the city. Panyu became a county's name to the southern side of Guangzhou.
In both 1930 and 1953, Guangzhou was promoted to the status of a Municipality, but each time promotion was canceled within the year.
Japanese troops occupied Guangzhou from October 12, 1938 to September 16, 1945, after violent bombings. In the city, the Imperial Japanese Army conducted bacteriological research unit 8604, a section of unit 731, where Japanese doctors experimented on human prisoners.
Communist forces entered the city on October 14, 1949. Their urban renewal projects improved the lives of some residents. New housing on the shores of the Pearl River provided homes for the poor boat people. Reforms by Deng Xiaoping, who came to power in the late 1970s, led to rapid economic growth due to the city's close proximity to Hong Kong and access to the Pearl River.
As labor costs increased in Hong Kong, manufacturers opened new plants in the cities of Guangdong including Guangzhou. As the largest city in one of China's wealthiest provinces, Guangzhou attracts farmers from the countryside looking for factory work. Cantonese links to overseas Chinese and beneficial tax reforms of the 1990s have aided the city's rapid growth.
In 2000, Huadu and Panyu were merged into Guangzhou as districts, and Conghua and Zengcheng became county-level cities of Guangzhou.
Economy
Guangzhou is the economic centre of the Pearl River Delta, one of mainland China's leading commercial and manufacturing regions. In 2007, the GDP reached ¥705 billion (US $92 billion), per capita was ¥71,219 (US $9,302), ranking 6th among the other 659 Chinese cities.[citation needed]
The China Import and Export Fair, also called "Canton Fair", is held every year in April and October by Ministry of Trading. Inaugurated in the spring of 1957, the Fair is a major event for the city. From the 104th session, Liuhua Complex is not in use to hold Canton Fair. All the booths have been transferred to Pazhou Complex. From the 104th session, Canton Fair has been arranged in 3 phrases instead of 2 phrases.[5]
Industrial zones
- Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone
- Guangzhou Nansha Development Zone
- Shantou Free Trade Zone
Science City
Transportation
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Sun_Yat-sen_University_Station_platform_at_old_Line_2_in_Guangzhou_Metro.jpg/220px-Sun_Yat-sen_University_Station_platform_at_old_Line_2_in_Guangzhou_Metro.jpg)
With the the first line of Guangzhou Metro opened in 1997, Guangzhou is the fourth city in Mainland China to have an underground railway system, behind Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. Currently the underground network is made up of four lines, covering a total length of 116km, while another four lines are under construction and due to be completed in 2010 before the Asian Games. A long term plan is to make the city's underground system expand over 500km by 2020 with 15 lines in operation.
The existing four lines of Guangzhou Metro network:
- Line 1: From Guangzhou East Railway Station to Xilang Station
- Line 2: From Sanyuanli Station to Wanshengwei Station
- Line 3: From Guangzhou East Railway Station and Tianhe Coach Terminal Station to Panyu Square Station
- Line 4: From Wanshengwei Station to Jinzhou Station
Guangzhou's main airport is the New Baiyun International Airport in Huadu District open on August 5, 2004, replacing the old Baiyun International Airport which was very close to the city centre and failed to meet the fast-growing air traffic demand.
Guangzhou is well connected to Hong Kong by train, coach and ferry. Express trains depart from the Guangzhou East railway station (simplified Chinese: 广州东站; traditional Chinese: 廣州東站; pinyin: Gǔangzhōu Dōngzhàn) and arrive at the Hung Hom KCR station in Hong Kong. The route is approximately 182km in length and the ride takes less than two hours. Frequent coach services are also provided, with coaches depart every day from different locations (mostly major hotels) around the city.
There are daily ferry services including an overnight steamer service, which takes eight hours, as well as high-speed catamaran service which takes three hours, to the China Ferry Terminal or Macau Ferry Pier in Hong Kong. The Nansha Pier (新南沙客運港), located in the distant Nansha District outside the city centre, is also operating six daily 75-minute catamaran services to Hong Kong.
From January 1, 2007, the municipal government has banned motorcycles in the urban areas. Motorcycles found violating the ban will be confiscated.[6] The Guangzhou traffic bureau claimed to have reported reduced traffic problems and accidents in the downtown area since the ban[7].
According to the official China Daily of July 6, 2007, all buses and taxis in Guangzhou will be LPG-fueled by 2010 to promote clean energy for transportation and improve the environment [8]. At present, Guangzhou is the city that uses the most LPG-fueled vehicles in the world. Till the end of 2006, 6,500 buses and 16,000 taxis were using LPG, taking up 85% of all buses and taxis .
Tourist attractions
Guangzhou has a lovely climate year-round with almost no winter. Annual average temperature is 21.8 degrees. Autumn, from October to December, is very moderate, cool and windy, and is the best travel time.[9] There are many tourist attractions around the city which include:
- Chen Clan Academy (simplified Chinese: 陈氏书院; traditional Chinese: 陳氏書院; pinyin: ChénShìShūYùan)
- Guangdong Museum of Folk Handcraft
- Shamian Island / Shameen Island (simplified Chinese: 沙面岛; traditional Chinese: 沙面島; pinyin: Shāmàndăo; literally, "Sand Face Island")
- Guangdong Provincial Museum (simplified Chinese: 广东省博物馆; traditional Chinese: 廣東省博物館; pinyin: Guǎngdōngshěng Bówògǔan)
- Museum of the Tomb of the King of Southern Yue in Western Han Dynasty
- Temple of the Six Banyan Trees (Chinese: 六榕寺; pinyin: liùróngsì)
- Shishi Sacred Heart Cathedral / Stone House
- Huaisheng Mosque (simplified Chinese: 怀圣寺; traditional Chinese: 懷聖寺; pinyin: huáishèngsì)
- Temple of Bright Filial Piety (Chinese: 光孝寺; pinyin: GuāngXiàosì)
- Chime-Long Paradise (simplified Chinese: 长隆欢乐世界; traditional Chinese: 長隆歡樂世界; pinyin: chánglónghuānlèshìjiè)
- Chime-Long WaterPark (simplified Chinese: 长隆水上乐园; traditional Chinese: 長隆水上樂園; pinyin: chánglóngShǔiShànglèYúan)
- Museum of the Western Han Dynasty Mausoleum of the Nanyue King南越王墓(Chinese: 南越王墓; pinyin: nányuėwángmù)
- Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute (simplified Chinese: 广州市农民运动讲习所; traditional Chinese: 廣州農民運動講習所; pinyin: GuǎngZhōuNóngMíngJiǎngXíSuǒ)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Sacr%C3%A9-C%C5%93ur_de_Shizhi.jpg/220px-Sacr%C3%A9-C%C5%93ur_de_Shizhi.jpg)
Local products
- Canton Sculpture includes Canton Ivory Carvings, Jade Sculpture, Wood Sculpture and Olive Sculpture.
- Canton Enamel is short for Guangzhou Colorful Pottery. It has a history of over 300 years.
- Canton Embroidery, namely Yue Embroidery, is one of the Four Famous Chinese Embroideries together with Su Embroidery, Xiang Embroidery and Shu Embroidery.
- Canton Bacon is the general designation of cured meat in the Guangzhou Area.
- Zhujiang Beer
Parks and gardens
- Baiyun Mountain (simplified Chinese: 白云山; traditional Chinese: 白雲山; pinyin: Báiyúnshān; literally "White Cloud Mountain")
- Yuexiu Park (simplified Chinese: 越秀公园; traditional Chinese: 越秀公園; pinyin: yuèxiùgōngyuán)
- Luhu Park (simplified Chinese: 麓湖公园; traditional Chinese: 麓湖公園)
- Dongshanhu Park (simplified Chinese: 东山湖公园; traditional Chinese: 東山湖公園)
- Liuhuahu Park (simplified Chinese: 流花湖公园; traditional Chinese: 流花湖公園)
- Liwanhu Park (simplified Chinese: 荔湾湖公园; traditional Chinese: 荔灣湖公園)
- Yuntai Garden (simplified Chinese: 云台花园; traditional Chinese: 雲台花園)
- Martyrs' Park (simplified Chinese: 广州起义烈士陵园; traditional Chinese: 廣州起義烈士陵園; pinyin: lièshìlíngyuán)
- Zhujiang Park (simplified Chinese: 珠江公园; traditional Chinese: 珠江公園)
- South China Botanical Garden (simplified Chinese: 华南植物园; traditional Chinese: 華南植物園)
Significant buildings
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/IFP%26IFC.jpg/220px-IFP%26IFC.jpg)
IFC/West Tower (right) and Guangzhou Opera House (front) under construction
- Guangdong Olympic Stadium (simplified Chinese: 广东奥林匹克体育场; traditional Chinese: 廣東奧林匹克體育場; pinyin: guǎngdōngàolínpǐkètǐyùchǎng)
- CITIC Plaza (simplified Chinese: 中信广场; traditional Chinese: 中信廣場; pinyin: zhōngxìnguǎngchǎng)
- Guangzhou TV & Sightseeing Tower (simplified Chinese: 广州电视观光塔; traditional Chinese: 廣州電視觀光塔; pinyin: guǎngzhōudiànshìguānguāngtǎ)
- Guangzhou TV Tower (simplified Chinese: 广州电视塔; traditional Chinese: 廣州電視塔; pinyin: guǎngzhōudiànshìtǎ)
- Pearl River Tower (Chinese: 珠江城; pinyin: zhūjiāngchéng)
- West Tower / Guangzhou International Finance Centre (simplified Chinese: 西塔/广州国际金融中心; traditional Chinese: 西塔/廣州國際金融中心)
City gallery
Major hotels
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/GZ_DongFangHotel_FrontDoor1.jpg/220px-GZ_DongFangHotel_FrontDoor1.jpg)
- The Garden Hotel (simplified Chinese: 花园酒店; traditional Chinese: 花園酒店; pinyin: huāyuánjiǔdiàn)
- China Hotel, A Marriott Hotel (simplified Chinese: 中国大酒店; traditional Chinese: 中國大酒店; pinyin: zhōngguódàjiǔdiàn)
- White Swan Hotel (simplified Chinese: 白天鵝宾馆; traditional Chinese: 白天鵝賓館; pinyin: báitiānébïnguǎn)
- DongFang Hotel (simplified Chinese: 东方宾馆; traditional Chinese: 東方賓館; pinyin: DōngFāangBīngGuǎn)
- Guangdong International Hotel (simplified Chinese: 广东国际大酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣東國際大酒店)
- The Westin Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州天誉威斯汀酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州天誉威斯汀酒店; pinyin: Guǎngzhōutiānyùwēishìdīngjiǔdiàn)
- Shangri-La Hotel, Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州香格里拉大酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州香格里拉大酒店)
- The Ritz-Carlton, Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州丽思卡尔顿酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州麗嘉酒店)
- Grand Hyatt Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州君悦大酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州君悅酒店)
- Asia International Hotel (simplified Chinese: 广东亚洲国际大酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣東亞洲國際大酒店)
- Grand International Hotel (simplified Chinese: 嘉逸国际酒店; traditional Chinese: 嘉逸國際酒店; pinyin: GuǎngZhōuJiāYìGuóJìJǐuDiàn)
- Chime Long Hotel (simplified Chinese: 长隆酒店; traditional Chinese: 長隆酒店; pinyin: GuǎngZhōuChángLóngJǐuDiàn)
- Holiday Inn City Centre Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州文化假日酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州文化假日酒店; pinyin: GuǎngZhōuWénHuàJiàRìJǐuDiàn)
- Holiday Inn Shifu Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州十甫假日酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州十甫假日酒店)
- Baiyun Hotel (simplified Chinese: 白云宾馆; traditional Chinese: 白雲賓館)
- Ramada Pearl Hotel Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州凯旋华美达大酒店; traditional Chinese: 廣州凱旋華美達大酒店; pinyin: GuǎngZhōuKǎiXuánHuáMěiDáDàJǐuDiàn)
Media
Guangzhou has two local radio stations, the provincial Radio Guangdong and the municipal Radio Guangzhou. Together they broadcast Cantonese and Mandarin programmes in more than ten channels. The Beijing-based China National Radio broadcasts Putonghua programmes in the city, while other radio stations from cities around Guangzhou mainly broadcast in Cantonese, channels of which can be received in some parts of the city. Radio Guangdong produces a 15-minute weekly English programme, Guangdong Today, which is broadcast globally through the World Radio Network but not in local channels. English news and several other short English programmes are also produced by Radio Guangdong.
Both TVB Pearl and ATV World, two major English channels in Hong Kong, can be received through cable TV in Guangzhou. The local Guangzhou Television also has its own English channel. It runs all-English programmes from evening to midnight every day.
Guangzhou has some of the best Chinese-language newspapers in Mainland China, published by three big newspaper groups in the city. The Guangzhou Daily Press Group, Nanfang Press Corporation and Yangcheng Evening News Group dominate the newspaper market of Guangdong Province or even South Mainland China. The leading newspaper of the city is Guangzhou Daily which, with a circulation of 1.8 million, has been China's most successful newspaper for 14 years in terms of advertising revenue.
Culture
Education
Higher education institutes
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/20031124194142.jpg/220px-20031124194142.jpg)
National universities
- Sun Yat-sen University (中山大学) (founded in 1924)
- South China University of Technology (华南理工大学)
- South China Normal University (华南师范大学)
- Jinan University (暨南大学) (founded in 1906)
Public universities and colleges
- Guangdong University of Finance (广东金融学院)
- Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (广东外语外贸大学)
- South China Agricultural University (华南农业大学) (founded in 1909)
- Zhongkai Agrotechnical College (仲恺农业技术学院) (founded in 1927)
- Guangzhou Medical College (广州医学院)
- Guangzhou University of TCM (广州中医药大学)
- Guangdong College of Pharmacy (广东药学院)
- Guangdong University of Technology (广东工业大学)
- Guangzhou University (广州大学)
- Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology (广东省科技干部学院)
- Guangdong Business College (广东商学院)
- Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts (广州美术学院)
- Xinghai Conservatory of Music (星海音乐学院)
- GuangDong Polytechnic Normal University (广东技术师范学院)
- Guangzhou Physical Education Institute (广州体育学院)
Note: Institutes without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.
Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre
Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre also known as Guangzhou University Town is a large university complex located in the southeast suburbs of Guangzhou. This huge higher education centre occupies the entire Xiaoguwei island in Panyu District, covering an area of about 18 square kilometres. It houses campuses from ten universities, some of which also have other campuses elsewhere. The whole Higher Education Mega Centre can accommodate up to 200,000 students, 20,000 teachers and 50,000 staffs.[10]
Universities which have campuses in the Mega Centre:
- Sun Yat-sen University (中山大学)
- South China University of Technology(华南理工大学)
- South China Normal University(华南师范大学)
- Guangdong University of Technology(广东工业大学)
- Guangdong University of Forign Studies(广东外语外贸大学)
- Guangzhou University of TCM (广州中医药大学)
- Guangdong College of Pharmacy (广东药学院)
- Guangzhou University(广州大学)
- Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts (广州美术学院)
- Xinghai Conservatory of Music(星海音乐学院)
Secondary and high schools
- Guangdong Experimental High School (simplified Chinese: 广东实验中学; traditional Chinese: 廣東實驗中學; pinyin: GuăngDōngShíYànZhōngXúe)
- The Affiliated High School of South China Normal University (simplified Chinese: 华南师范大学附属中学; traditional Chinese: 華南師範大學附屬中學; pinyin: HuáNánShĩFànDàXúeFùShǔZhōngXúe)
- Guangzhou No.47 High School (simplified Chinese: 广州市第四十七中学; traditional Chinese: 廣州市第四十七中學; pinyin: GuăngZhōuDìSìShìQiZhōngXúe)
- Guangzhou No.6 High School (simplified Chinese: 广州市第六中学; traditional Chinese: 廣州市第六中學; pinyin: GuăngZhōuDìLìuZhōngXúe)
- Guangdong Guangya Middle School (simplified Chinese: 广东广雅中学; traditional Chinese: 廣東廣雅中學; pinyin: GuăngDōngGuăngYàZhōngXúe)
- Guangzhou Zhi Xin Middle School (simplified Chinese: 广州市执信中学; traditional Chinese: 廣州市執信中學; pinyin: GuăngZhōuZhíXìnZhōngXúe)
- Guangzhou No.8 High School (simplified Chinese: 广州市第八中学(培英中学); traditional Chinese: 廣州市第八中學; pinyin: GuăngZhōuDìBaZhōngXúe)
- Guangzhou 109 Secondary School (simplified Chinese: 广州市第一零九中学; traditional Chinese: 廣州市第一零九中學; pinyin: GuăngZhōuShìDìYīLíngJǐuZhōngXúe)
International schools
- American International School of Guangzhou
- The British School of Guangzhou
- Utahloy International School
- Guangzhou Nanhu International School
- Japanese School of Guangzhou
Sister cities
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Guangzhou_Tower2008.jpg/220px-Guangzhou_Tower2008.jpg)
Guangzhou is twinned with the following cities:
Fukuoka, Japan (May 1979)
Los Angeles, United States (March 2, 1982)
Manila, Philippines (November 1982)
Vancouver, Canada (March 1985)
Sydney, Australia (May 1986)
Viña Del Mar, Chile (November 1986)
Frankfurt am Main, Germany (April 11, 1988)
Lyon, France (November 1988)
Auckland, New Zealand, (February 1989)
Gwangju, South Korea (October 1996)
Oita, Japan (1997)
Linköping, Sweden (November 1997)
Durban, South Africa (July 2000)
Bristol, United Kingdom (May 2001)
Yekaterinburg, Russia (July 10, 2002)
Arequipa, Peru (October 27, 2004)
Birmingham, United Kingdom (Dec 2006)
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Recife, Brazil
Surabaya, Indonesia (Dec 2005)
See also
References
Further reading
- Johnson, Graham E. (1999). Historical Dictionary of Guangzhou (Canton) and Guangdong. Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810835160.
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(help) - Lee, Edward Bing-Shuey (1936). Modern Canton. Shanghai: The Mercury Press.
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(help) - Ng, Yong Sang (1936). Canton, City of the Rams: A General Description and a Brief Historical Survey. Canton: M.S. Cheung. ASIN B0008D1HHO.
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(help) - Shaw, Samuel (1847). The journals of Major Samuel Shaw : the first American consul at Canton : with a life of the author. Boston: Wm. Crosby and H.P. Nichols. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
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suggested) (help) - Vogel, Ezra F. (1969). Canton Under Communism: Programs and Politics in a Provincial Capital, 1949–1968. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674094758.
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External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Guangzhou International - Municipal government official website
- Life of Guangzhou - English website operated by Guangzhou Daily Press Group
- Template:Wikitravel
- Guangzhou Attraction list
Template:Major cities of Greater China
23°06′32″N 113°15′53″E / 23.10889°N 113.26472°E
- ^ Welsh, Frank (1974). Maya Rao (ed.). A Borrowed Place: The History of Hong Kong. p. 13. ISBN 1-56836-134-3.
- ^ Needham, Joseph (1954). Science & Civilisation in China. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1, 179.
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value (help) - ^ Template:Zh icon Sima Guang. Zizhi Tongjian (Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government).
- ^ "Top 10 Cities of the Year 1800". About.com. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
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(help) - ^ "Canton Fair". China Highlights. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
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(help) - ^ "Guangzhou Bans Motorcycles". Life of Guangzhou. 2007-01-03. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
{{cite news}}
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(help) - ^ "Traffic Jam Improve after Motorcycle Ban". Life of Guangzhou. 2007-01-19. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
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(help) - ^ "Date set for LPG-fueled buses, taxis". China Daily. 2007-07-06. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
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(help) - ^ "Travel China Guide: Fascinating Guangzhou". Blogspot. 2008-08-12. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
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(help) - ^ "Mega Campus goes Wireless" (PDF). Intel Corporation. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
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