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Apart from major public hospitals such as those for maternity, chest and tuberculosis, there are many private specialist hospitals like Lifeline, Rohini, Jaya, Guardian, St.Ann's.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/141029/nation-current-affairs/article/biomedical-wastes-pose-threat-lives|title=Biomedical wastes pose a threat to lives|work=www.deccanchronicle.com}}</ref>
Apart from major public hospitals such as those for maternity, chest and tuberculosis, there are many private specialist hospitals like Lifeline, Rohini, Jaya, Guardian, St.Ann's.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/141029/nation-current-affairs/article/biomedical-wastes-pose-threat-lives|title=Biomedical wastes pose a threat to lives|work=www.deccanchronicle.com}}</ref>
Gujarath

== Economy ==
== Economy ==
{{As of|2011}} [[census of India]], Warangal is one of the Indian cities that has seen rapid growth of urbanisation from 19%–28%, alongside cities such as [[Gandhinagar]], [[Kozhikode]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/business/business-others/high-growth-north-yet-to-match-spatial-spread-of-south-west/|title=High growth North yet to match spatial spread of South, West|publisher=The Indian Express|date=7 April 2014|accessdate=15 June 2014}}</ref>
{{As of|2011}} [[census of India]], Warangal is one of the Indian cities that has seen rapid growth of urbanisation from 19%–28%, alongside cities such as [[Gandhinagar]], [[Kozhikode]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/business/business-others/high-growth-north-yet-to-match-spatial-spread-of-south-west/|title=High growth North yet to match spatial spread of South, West|publisher=The Indian Express|date=7 April 2014|accessdate=15 June 2014}}</ref>

Revision as of 18:15, 19 July 2016

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Warangal district.

Warangal
వరంగల్
وارنگل
City
Other NamesOrugallu
Ekasila Nagaram
CountryIndia
StateTelangana
DistrictWarangal
Government
 • TypeMayor-council
 • BodyGreater Warangal Municipal Corporation
 • MayorNannapaneni Narender
 • Municipal CommissionerSarfaraz Ahmad[1]
 • Commissioner of PoliceSudheer Babu[2]
Area
[3]
 • Total407.77 km2 (157.44 sq mi)
 • Rank17th(India) 2nd(State)
Elevation
302 m (991 ft)
Population
 (2011)[3]
 • Total811,844
 • Rank63rd (India)
2nd (Telangana)
 • Density2,000/km2 (5,200/sq mi)
DemonymWarangalite
Languages
 • OfficialTelugu, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
506002 [4]
Telephone code+91–870
Vehicle registrationTS–03[5]
EthnicityIndian
Websitewww.gwmc.gov.in

Warangal pronunciationⓘ is a city and the district headquarters of Warangal district in the Indian state of Telangana. It is also the mandal headquarters of Warangal mandal in Warangal revenue division.[6][7] As of 2011 census of India, the city had a population of 811,844, making it the 2nd most populous in the state. Warangal is one among the 12 heritage cities in the country chosen for Scheme HRIDAY – Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana by Government of India.[8] It is also selected as a smart city in the "fast-track competition", which makes it eligible for additional investment to improve the urban infrastructure and industrial opportunities under Smart Cities Mission.[9]

Etymology

During Kakatiya dynasty, it was also referred as Orugallu. It was also known as Vorakalli, Tolini Koranakula and Akshalinagaram. Aravabinakosam, a literary work of Ragunatha Bhaskar mentioned Warangal as Ekasilanagaram.[10]

History

Warangal, then known as Orugallu, was the capital of the Kakatiya dynasty from 1195 CE until that ruling family was defeated by the Delhi Sultanate in 1323. The city was then renamed as Sultanpur.[11]

Kakatiya Period Inscriptions praised Warangal as best city within all of Andhra upto shores of the Ocean.[12]

The Kakatiyas left many monuments, including an impressive fortress, four massive stone gateways, the Swayambhu temple dedicated to Shiva, and the Ramappa temple situated near Ramappa Lake. The cultural and administrative distinction of the Kakatiyas was mentioned by Marco Polo. After the defeat of Prataparudra II, the Musunuri Nayaks united 72 Nayak chieftains and captured Warangal from Delhi Sultanate and ruled for fifty years. After the demise of the Nayaks, Warangal was part of the Bahmani Sultanate and then the Sultanate of Golconda.

The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb conquered Golconda in 1687, and it remained part of the Mughal empire until the southern provinces of the empire split away to become the state of Hyderabad in 1724, which included the Telangana region and some parts of Maharashtra and Karnataka. Hyderabad was annexed to India in 1948, and became an Indian state. In 1956 Hyderabad was partitioned as part of the States Reorganisation Act, and Telangana, the Telugu-speaking region of Hyderabad state, which includes Warangal, became part of Andhra Pradesh. 

Gujarath ahmedhabad

Geography and climate

Warangal
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
15
 
 
30
16
 
 
5
 
 
33
18
 
 
5
 
 
37
22
 
 
7
 
 
40
26
 
 
15
 
 
42
28
 
 
50
 
 
37
28
 
 
85
 
 
32
25
 
 
170
 
 
31
25
 
 
160
 
 
33
23
 
 
70
 
 
33
22
 
 
10
 
 
31
18
 
 
0
 
 
30
15
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: mustseeindia.com
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
0.6
 
 
86
61
 
 
0.2
 
 
91
64
 
 
0.2
 
 
99
72
 
 
0.3
 
 
104
79
 
 
0.6
 
 
108
82
 
 
2
 
 
99
82
 
 
3.3
 
 
90
77
 
 
6.7
 
 
88
77
 
 
6.3
 
 
91
73
 
 
2.8
 
 
91
72
 
 
0.4
 
 
88
64
 
 
0
 
 
86
59
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Waddepally Lake
Bhadrakali Lake

Warangal is located at 18°00′N 79°35′E / 18.0°N 79.58°E / 18.0; 79.58. It has an average elevation of 302 metres (990 feet). It is settled in the eastern part of Deccan Plateau made up of granite rocks and hill formations[13] which left the region barren making the cultivation depend on seasonal rainfalls. There are no river flows nearby warangal, which makes it to rely on Kakatiya Canal which originates from Sriram Sagar Project to meet the drinking water requirements.[14][15] Located in the semi-arid region of Telangana, Warangal has a predominantly hot and dry climate. Summer starts in March, and peak in May with average high temperatures in the 42 °C (108 °F) range. The monsoon arrives in June and lasts until September with about 550 mm (22 in) of precipitation. A dry, mild winter starts in October and lasts until early February, when there is little humidity and average temperatures in the 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) range. Many hill rocks and lakes are located around warangal. Padmakshi hill and Govinda Rajula Gutta are two famous hills with temples.[16][17] Bhadrakali Lake and Waddepally Lake are the two famous lakes which adds scenic beauty and also are the major sources of drinking water.[18]

Governance

Civic administration

Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation (WMC)

Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation is the civic body of the city, which oversees the civic needs. In July 1959, the city was upgraded to Special grade, in July 1960 to Selection grade and finally on 18 August 1994 to Municipal corporation.[19] On 28 January 2015, city was upgraded to Greater Municipal Corporation with the merger of Hanamkonda and Kazipet into Warangal.[20]

The GWMC covers an area of 407.77 square kilometres (157.44 sq mi).[21] City planning is governed by the Kakatiya Urban Development Authority, which was constituted in 1982. That body oversees development of infrastructure and other projects in the city.[22]

The former Warangal Municipal Corporation implemented some pilot projects, such as the Solid Waste Management programme, that were so successful that other corporations have since implemented them.[23][24] The city is divided into 58 political wards where each ward is represented by an area corporator.

Law and order

Police patrol vehicle in Warangal

The urban police district, which is responsible for maintaining law and order in city and agglomerated areas around Warangal was converted into a Police Commissionerate by the state government in 2015.[25][26] Inspector General will be working as police commissionear who is also given magisterial powers. There are around 19 police stations present under warangal commissionerate.[27]

Healthcare

The 1200-bed Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital is the largest hospital in the city. It also serves the needs of patients from the neighbouring districts of Khammam and Karimnagar.[28]

Apart from major public hospitals such as those for maternity, chest and tuberculosis, there are many private specialist hospitals like Lifeline, Rohini, Jaya, Guardian, St.Ann's.[29] Gujarath

Economy

As of 2011 census of India, Warangal is one of the Indian cities that has seen rapid growth of urbanisation from 19%–28%, alongside cities such as Gandhinagar, Kozhikode.[30]

Agriculture is the main economic activity with irrigation depending mainly on monsoon and seasonal rainfalls. Major crops are paddy, cotton, mango and wheat. Warangal benefits from the Godavari lift irrigation scheme which is designed to lift water from the Godavari river to irrigate drought prone areas in the Telangana region.[31]

The city hosts second-biggest grain market of Asia, located in Enumamula.[32] Information Technology is another sector in which the city is making steady progress with its Incubation centre at Madikonda.[33][34]

Transport

Traffic on Warangal Roads
Konark Express in Kazipet Junction

Roadway

The city is connected to major cities and towns by means of road and railways. National and state highways that pass through the city are, National Highway 163, connecting Hyderabad and Bhopalpatnam, NH 563 connecting Ramagundam and Khammam, State highway 3. TSRTC operates buses to various destinations from Nalgonda bus station of the city.[35] City buses runs in various routes across the city and sub urban areas.[36]

Railway

Kazipet railway station and Warangal railway station are two major stations which provides rail connectivity to the city. They are under the jurisdiction of the Secunderabad railway division of South Central Railway zone. They lie on the important route of New Delhi-Chennai main line of Indian Railways.[37] Kazipet Junction shelters both Electric and Diesel Loco sheds with a capacity of holding 175 and 142 locomotives.[38][39] Kazipet town, Vanchanagiri, Hasanparthy Road are the other railway stations within Warangal city limits.

Airway

Warangal has an airport built by the Nizams at Mamnoor in 1930.It was largest airport in undivided India with 1875 acres in land, a 6.6 kms runway, a pilot and staff quarters, a pilot training centre and more than one terminal. Many Cargo services and Vayudoot services have also used it as their hub.[40]

During the Indo-China war, it served as a hangar for government aircraft due to Delhi airport being a target in combat. It remained in service until 1981.[40]

This airport is currently being used as NCC Training Centre by No. 4(A) air squadron for gliding sorties, skeet shooting and aero-modeling[41] by police. Currently, there is no scheduled commercial air service from this airport.

Education

NIT, Warangal
Kakatiya Medical College

Both government and private institutions has their presence in the city.

Colleges and universities

The major university is Kakatiya University and other notable educational institutions include NIT Warangal, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Vaagdevi College of Engineering, Ramappa Engineering College, and Kakatiya Medical College.

Culture

The city residents are called as Warangalites.[42] The Warangal Fort, Thousand Pillar Temple and Ramappa Temple are the World Heritage sites recognised by UNESCO.[43] Bhadrakali Temple, Padmakshi Temple, Kazipet Dargah are other notable destinations of various religions. Laknavaram Lake, Pakhal Lake are the water bodies notable for tourism.[44]

Bhadrakali Temple lake is being developed into the largest Geo-Bio-Diversity Cultural Park, the first such park in the country with promenades, historic caves, suspension bridges, natural trails, nesting ground and ecological reserves.[45]

Religions in Warangal[46]
Religion Percent
Hindu
 
 83.41%
Muslim
 
 14.39%
Christians
 
 1.65%
Others†
 
 0.55%
†Includes Sikhs, Jains

Festivals

Festivals in the city include, a floral festival of Bathukamma being celebrated by women of the city, worshiping the goddess with different flowers for nine days.[47] The women carry their Bathukamma to the nearest temple of their locality, then they clap, sing and dance rhythmically around the Bathukamma.[48] Along with Bathukamma, Bonalu is also declared as a state festival on 15 June 2014.[49] Other festivals are, Sammakka Saralamma Jatara (Medaram Jatara), a popular religious congregation in the honour of Goddess at Medaram of Warangal district.

Cuisine

The cuisine of the city is mainly of South Indian dishes. The breakfast items are Idli, Dosa, Vada, Puri. Rice with variety of curries including curd is taken as main food and the most notable one is the Biryani. Special food items Harees and Haleem are traditional food items available in the season of Ramadan.[50]

References

  1. ^ "Municipal commissioner". Warangal.
  2. ^ "Commissioner of Police". Warangal.
  3. ^ a b "Warangal Municipal Corporation, Budget 2014–15". Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  4. ^ http://www.indiapost.gov.in/imo_offices.aspx
  5. ^ "District Codes". Government of Telangana Transport Department. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  6. ^ "District Census Handbook – Warangal" (PDF). Census of India. p. 14. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  7. ^ "Warangal District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. p. 83. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  8. ^ "Warangal | Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY)". hridayindia.in. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  9. ^ "Lucknow, Warangal among 13 smart cities announced by govt". The Hindu. 24 May 2016. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  10. ^ "History of Warangal Municipal Corporation". Official website of Warangal Municipal Corpoation. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  11. ^ Eaton, Richard M. (2005). A Social History of the Deccan: 1300–1761. Cambridge University Press. pp. 17–21. ISBN 978-0-521-25484-7.
  12. ^ Cynthia, Talbot (20 September 2001). Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Pres. p. 37. ISBN 9780198031239.
  13. ^ "Deccan Plateau, Andhra Pradesh – Things to do in Andhra Pradesh". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  14. ^ "Three towns in the grip of water crisis". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  15. ^ "Drinking Water". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  16. ^ "Govindarajula Gutta, Warangal India: Find Timings, History and review of Govindarajula Gutta". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  17. ^ "About – Welcome to Padmakshi Temple". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  18. ^ D. Thhatikkonda. "Lake Water Quality and its Interaction with Aquifers in Warangal City". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  19. ^ http://gwmc.gov.in/Default.aspx?desk=site
  20. ^ "New Warangal council will have many issues to address". The Hindu. 7 December 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  21. ^ "Welcome to Warangal Municipal Corporation". Ourwmc.com. 18 August 1994. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
  22. ^ "Kakatiy Urban Development Au". Kuda.in. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
  23. ^ Special Correspondent (11 October 2012). "Drive to keep Warangal clean". The Hindu. Retrieved 19 April 2014. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  24. ^ "Warangal model for solid waste management". The Hindu. 20 June 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
  25. ^ "Warangal to Get Police Commissionerate". The New Indian Express.
  26. ^ "వరంగల్.. ఇక పోలీసు కమిషనరేట్". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  27. ^ "Jurisdiction of Police Stations". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  28. ^ "MGM (Mahatma Gandhi Memorial) Hospital in Warangal – Sehat". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  29. ^ "Biomedical wastes pose a threat to lives". www.deccanchronicle.com.
  30. ^ "High growth North yet to match spatial spread of South, West". The Indian Express. 7 April 2014. Retrieved 15 June 2014.
  31. ^ "Detailed Profile Of The Project". Irrigation.cgg.gov.in. 23 May 2003. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
  32. ^ "Enumamula Village, Hanamkonda Mandal, Warangal". India Growing. Archived from the original on 26 March 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ Special Correspondent (3 February 2014). "STPI-Warangal woos investors". The Hindu. Retrieved 19 April 2014. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  34. ^ Press Trust of India (19 February 2016). "IT Incubation Centre inaugurated in Warangal". Business Standard. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  35. ^ "Bus Stations". TSRTC. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  36. ^ "Guntur still awaits city RTC services". The Times of India. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  37. ^ "KARIMNAGAR-District Panchayat". Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  38. ^ South Central Railway
  39. ^ South Central Railway
  40. ^ a b "Nizam-era airport lies neglected - Times of India". Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  41. ^ Mamnoor airport to function only after 2030
  42. ^ "Paying tribute to new State in style". The Hindu. 2 June 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  43. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Glorious Kakatiya Temples and Gateways - UNESCO World Heritage Centre". whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
  44. ^ "Regions ::: Visit Telangana - Official Tourism Information for Telangana". www.telanganatourism.gov.in. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
  45. ^ "Destination Warangal". The Hindu. 6 August 2015. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  46. ^ "Warangal City Population Census 2011 – Andhra Pradesh".
  47. ^ Special Correspondent. "Bathukamma: Festivities in the air". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 July 2015. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  48. ^ Gollapudi Srinivasa Rao. "Bathukamma festivities to begin from Sept. 24". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  49. ^ "Bonalu, Bathukamma declared state festivals". The Times of India. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  50. ^ "City Of Warangal » Harees popular than Haleem in Warangal". City Of Warangal. Retrieved 28 July 2015.

Further reading

  • Wagoner, Phillip B.; Rice, John Henry (2001). "From Delhi to the Deccan: Newly Discovered Tughluq Monuments at Warangal-Sult̤ānpur and the Beginnings of Indo-Islamic Architecture in Southern India". Artibus Asiae. 61 (1): 77–117. JSTOR 3249963. (subscription required)
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