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Vietnam Airlines

Coordinates: 21°02′44.14″N 105°52′50.56″E / 21.0455944°N 105.8807111°E / 21.0455944; 105.8807111
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Template:Distinguish2 21°02′44.14″N 105°52′50.56″E / 21.0455944°N 105.8807111°E / 21.0455944; 105.8807111

Vietnam Airlines Company Limited
Tổng Công ty Hàng không Việt Nam
File:Vietnam Airlines Logo.svg
IATA ICAO Call sign
VN HVN VIET NAM AIRLINES
Founded1956 (as Vietnam Civil Aviation)
Hubs
Secondary hubs
Focus cities
Frequent-flyer programGolden Lotus Plus
AllianceSkyTeam
Subsidiaries
Fleet size69 (excl. cargo)
Destinations46
Parent companyVietnam Airlines Corporation
HeadquartersLong Bien, Hanoi, Vietnam[2]
Key people
  • Nguyen Sy Hung (Chairman)[3][4]
  • Pham Ngoc Minh (President and CEO)[3][4]
  • Nguyen Van Hung (Executive Vice President and Director)[4]
Websitewww.vietnamairlines.com

Vietnam Airlines Company Limited,[5] trading as Vietnam Airlines (Template:Lang-vi), is the national flag carrier of Vietnam. Founded in 1956 under the name Vietnam Civil Aviation, the airline was established as a state enterprise in April 1989. Vietnam Airlines is headquartered in Long Bien, Hanoi, with hubs at Noi Bai International Airport and Tan Son Nhat International Airport. The airline flies to 46 destinations in 19 countries, excluding codeshared services. The carrier operates under the IATA airline designator VN and the ICAO airline designator HVN, while its callsign is VIET NAM AIRLINES.[6]

Vietnam Airlines was officially formed in 1996, after bringing together several service companies. The company is overseen by a seven-seat management board, members of which are appointed by the Vietnamese Prime Minister.[7] Vietnam Airlines was the major stakeholder in Vietnam's second largest carrier, Jetstar Pacific Airlines, but its share has been transferred to the Ministry of Finance, then subsequently, to the State Capital Investment Corporation.[8]

With the core activity of the airline being passenger transportation, Vietnam Airlines also earns revenue from catering and the maintenance and overhauling of aircraft through a number of its subsidiaries. The maintenance and overhauling of aircraft is handled by Vietnam Airlines Engineering Company (VAECO), while the former is performed by Noibai Catering Services Join-Stock Company and Vietnam Air Caterer, who cater airlines that use Vietnam Airlines’ hubs. The airline also controls and operates its cargo division, Vietnam Airlines Cargo, using the airline’s luggage hold on its passenger fleet, as well as a number of dedicated aircraft.[nb 1] Vietnam Airlines owns 100% of Vietnam Air Service Company (VASCO)—a regional airline in southern Vietnam, and 49% of Cambodia Angkor Air—the national flag carrier of Cambodia.

The airline is ranked as a 3-star airline according to the independent research consultancy firm Skytrax.[9] Vietnam Airlines became a member of SkyTeam on 10 June 2010, making it the sole Southeast Asian carrier to join that alliance.[10]

History

Beginnings

Vietnam Airlines can trace its roots back to January 1956,[11][12] when it, under the name "Vietnam Civil Aviation", was established by the North Vietnamese government after the nationalization of Gia Lam Airport. It was instituted after the government signed the Decree. 666/TTg.[13][14] The airline was created as part of the air force for civilian purposes.[15] Its fleet consisted of five ageing Soviet-supplied planes – one Ilyushin Il-14, one Antonov An-2 and three Aero Ae-45s;[16] this was because there was an embargo that prohibited the airline leasing and/or buying American technology or components.[17]

The airline's development and expansion was seriously hampered by the Vietnam War (1954–1975).[18] Following the war, its first international destination was Beijing, followed by Vientiane in 1976.[19] During that year, the airline was known as General Department of Civil Aviation in Vietnam, and began full operations, carrying around 21,000 passengers, one-third of which were on international flights and 3,000 tonnes (6,600,000 lb) of cargo.[11] In 1978, another important destination of Vietnam Airlines was added, with flights offered to Bangkok.[19] The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the expansion of the network to Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur, Manila and Singapore.[19]

A Vietnam Airlines Tupolev Tu-134 at Don Muang International Airport, Bangkok, Thailand. (1992)

In 1990, the company initiated discussions regarding the incorporation of Western-built aircraft into the fleet.[20] By July 1991, the airline struck a wet-lease agreement with Dutch lessor TransAvia. The aircraft involved was a Boeing 737–300,[20] that arrived in Vietnam Airline's livery. However, the aircraft was returned after the U.S. State Department pressured the Dutch lessor to remove the aircraft from Vietnam. Subsequently, Vietnam Airlines organized a similar but more complicated deal with Swiss charter flights provider TEA Basle, who spent the rest of 1991 negotiating a deal with US authorities. Eventually, a solution stating that "[the Boeing 737] must be positioned outside Vietnam, with no logo or lettering of Vietnam Airlines. On these conditions, it could operate on behalf of Vietnam Airlines" was reached.[20] In December 1991, Cathay Pacific and Vietnam Airlines agreed on a 50–50 joint venture to operate between Hong Kong and Vietnam. This was because the airline's Tupolev Tu-134 fleet did not meet Kai Tak Airport's noise restrictions.[21]

In October 1992, the Boeing 737 was complemented by an Airbus A310.[20][22] However, a dispute with Bulgarian Jes Air over who should pay for the repairs after the aircraft sustained an engine failure led to its replacement with another A310 from GATX, also operated by Jes Air.[23] A similar dispute, this time with United Technologies, encouraged the airline to switch from Airbus to Boeing. Hence, a Boeing 767-200ER, leased from Ansett Worldwide Aviation Services (AWAS), arrived in January 1993, and a Royal Brunei Airlines Boeing 767-300ER, arrived the following year.[23] In October 1993, three Airbus A320s were incorporated over a two-year wet-lease contract with Air France. By that time, Air France and Vietnam Airlines had started discussions about working together, and the French carrier agreed to lease its Airbuses to Vietnam Airlines, and also to provide customer support and pilot/crew training.[18]: 31 [23] Also by that time the route network expanded internationally, seeing the incorporation of Paris, Tokyo, Seoul, Taipei, Sydney, and Melbourne, among others.[16]

New enterprise: 1993 and onwards

File:Vietnam Airlines' former logo.gif
Vietnam Airlines' former logo.

In 1993 the airline completed its restructuring programme which had been started four years earlier. In that year, the airline split from the Civil Aviation Administration of Vietnam (CAAV) and became a state enterprise.[18]: 30  The move was similar to the reorganization of the Civil Aviation Administration of China into several regional airlines in 1987. Despite the fact that the airline gained some independence from the CAAV, it was still known as Civil Aviation Administration of Vietnam within the 1993–1996 period.[20]

In February 1994, US president Bill Clinton lifted the trade embargo to allow Vietnam Airlines the ability to freely acquire Western-built aircraft.[20] Consequently, Vietnam Airlines announced in April of the same year that it would be phasing out its inefficient Soviet planes.[24] In 1996, the airline, along with a number of other aviation-related businesses, were incorporated to establish the present Vietnam Airlines Corporation.[11][25] In September, Vietnam Airlines started offering business class services and in 1999, the airline launched its frequent-flyer program, Golden Lotus Plus.[26] During 1996, Vietnam Airlines looked for aircraft which would substitute the A320s wet-leased from Air France when the deal is over. Apart from acquiring further A320s, the airline considered Boeing 737s and McDonnell Douglas MD-90s.[27] With its freedom to operate Western-built aircraft, Vietnam Airlines considered the acquisition of long-haul aircraft to better service Vietnamese living overseas. The Airbus A340, Boeing 747 and the McDonnell Douglas MD-11 were topics of discussion.[27] Meanwhile, two Fokker 70s were acquired in May and July to replace the twelve Tupolev Tu-134s,[28][29] as well as to serve as VIP transport.

In December 2001, Vietnam Airlines signed a historic agreement with Boeing. It ordered its first ever US-built aircraft, signalling the start of trade under the Bilateral Trade Agreement between the two countries. The airline ordered four Boeing 777-200ERs, which were delivered in 2003.[30][31] The four aircraft, as well as six other Boeing 777s leased from International Lease Finance Corporation (ILFC), are the flagships of the airline, and are deployed mainly on long-haul flights to Australia and Europe, as well as flights between the airline's hubs.[22]

During 2002, Vietnam Airlines considered a lease offer from Airbus for two Airbus A340-400s.[32] However, the airline later settled on a four-aircraft direct order from Boeing for the Boeing 777-200ER. On 4 September 2003, a landmark ceremony celebrated VNA's receipt of its first Boeing 777-200ER purchased outright from Boeing. The aircraft was the first of four 777s ordered by the airline.[33] On 28 October, the airline decided to move its operations from Sheremetyevo International Airport to Domodedovo International Airport.[34]

Vietnam Airlines' 10 Boeing 777-200ERs are the airlines' flagship carriers

In June 2005, Vietnam Airlines ordered 4 Boeing 787-8 aircraft.[35] Twelve additional 787-8s were ordered in late 2007, some of them to be directly acquired from the company, and the rest to be purchased by the carrier's subsidiary Vietnam Aircraft Leasing Company (VALC).[36][37] These new aircraft were to allow Vietnam Airlines to expand its network and replace some leased aircraft.[38] However, owing to delays in the 787 program, Vietnam Airlines has only received the A321s. Regarding the delays from Boeing, Vietnam Airlines CEO Pham Ngoc Minh noted, "We are not happy about the constant delays. It affects our business plan."[39][40] In 2010 the airline switched its Boeing 787 order from the –8 to the –9 model, stating that 787-8s didn't meet all the requirements Boeing initially promised; it is expected the airline will receive its first aircraft of the type in 2015.[41]

On 20 June 2005, the airline launched services to Frankfurt after having discontinued services to Berlin. It came after the 2004–2005 period when travel between the two countries soared 70 percent.[42][43] The following year, Vietnam Airlines was admitted into IATA, the biggest aviation association in the world.[44][45][46] As part of the move, Vietnam Airlines had to meet the association’s IOSA safety standards.[47]

Recent developments

Mostly white, and blue, aircraft taxiing left perpendicular to the camera against a white sky. Green vegetation makeup the mid- and fore-ground.
A Vietnam Airlines Boeing 767-300ER in the former livery. Such livery has been phased out since the late 1990s, and was replaced by a new blue theme.

According to a number of newspaper reports in 2007, the Vietnamese government planned to partly privatize Vietnam Airlines.[48] In the plan, the government considered selling 20 to 30 percent of the airline’s stake to outsiders, with the government holding the balance. This was a small part of a bigger proposal by the government to privatize its state-owned companies, due to be completed by 2010.[49] Vietnam authorized the plan the following year,[50][51] however, the plan was not carried out as the airline missed its deadline scheduled by the government, which was arranged for 2010,[52] due to the Global Financial Crisis.[53]

On 1 October 2007, the airline and VALC signed an memorandum of understanding (MOU) for the purchase of 10 Airbus A350s,[54] and 20 additional Airbus A321s.[54][55] The Airbus A350s will supplement the Boeing 787s already ordered by the airline.[55] This single order will result in Vietnam Airlines becoming one of the largest Airbus operators in Asia.[56] The two companies also ordered 5 extra ATR 72-500s in December 2007.[57]

Vietnam was chosen as the host of Miss World's 60th contest in 2008. As the country's national airline, Vietnam Airlines was selected as the sponsoring airline for the contest.[58] As the official airline of the beauty pageant, the airline was tasked the job of managing all the transportation for the contest, to be carried out during September and October, just before the beginning of the competition. However, it was later decided to carry out the event in Sanya, People's Republic of China, following speculations of Vietnam withdrawing.[59]

In 2009, Vietnam Airlines (49%), along with the Government of Cambodia (51%), established a joint-venture to boost tourism in Cambodia.[60][61] The joint-venture is a new Cambodian national airline named Cambodia Angkor Air, which started on 27 July with flights from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap and Sihanoukville using a fleet of two ATR 72s. An Airbus A321 joined the fleet in September.[62]

A Vietnam Airlines Boeing 767-300ER at Hong Kong Kai Tak International Airport. (1997)

In 2009, the carrier signed a deal for another 16 Airbus A321s plus 2 Airbus A350s, during the Paris Air Show.[63][64] Later that year, a MOU with Airbus was signed, confirming its negotiations to order 4 Airbus A380s.[65] According to Vietnam Airlines, these aircraft will allow Vietnam Airlines to expand its services to North America.[66][67] Vietnam Airlines is particularly interested in a higher-weight variant of the A380-800 that is currently under development.[68]

A new bilingual website was launched by Vietnam Airlines effective 10 October 2009 to make bookings easier.[69] On 26 August 2010, the airline teamed up with Boeing during the unveiling of its interior modernization programme in order to increase passenger comfort.[70] From late September to early October, Vietnam Airlines discounted up to 85% of its 90,000 fares to celebrate Thang Long-Hanoi's 1000th anniversary.[71][72] In November 2010, the airline awarded Honeywell a US$100 million contract to retrofit the Airbus A321s' aircraft flight systems, which is calculated to save Vietnam Airlines US$10,000 per aircraft per year.[73][74]

Future

With the expected arrival of the seventy aircraft for the duration of the next ten years, Vietnam Airlines is considering significantly expanding its route map. The airline is particularly interested in launching services to the United States, where more than 1.2 million Vietnamese currently reside.[75] Such plans have been confirmed in December 2003, but have since been postponed because Vietnam is not yet part of Federal Aviation Administration's aviation safety assessment programme.[76] The airline, however, is expected to launch the service in early 2011.[76][77] Vietnam Airlines also "considering opening new routes such as Ho Chi Minh City/Hanoi, Vietnam–London; Ho Chi Minh City/Hanoi–Shanghai/Beijing, China; Ho Chi Minh City–Mumbai, India; Ho Chi Minh City–Brisbane, Australia; and Ho Chi Minh City–Doha, Qatar", according to CEO Pham Ngoc Minh.[78]

While the airline had launched flights to Beijing and Shanghai, there are currently no flights to London, Mumbai, Qatar, and Brisbane. The HCM City–London (Gatwick) route, however, is planned to commence on 8 December 2011, with preparations underway to accommodate the airline's aircraft at one of the UK's airport.[79] In April, the airline announced it would start direct flights to London before the year's end.[80] The airline also plans to open flights to the U.S. in 2012.[81]

By 2020, VNA plans to increase its revenue to US$7 billion—up from $1.86 billion in 2010—by carrying 620,000 tonnes of cargo and 35 million passengers, using a fleet of 163 aircraft. It aims to capture a market share of 45% of Vietnam's aviation market. During its first 15 years of operation, from 1996 to 2010, Vietnam Airlines carried a total of 82 million passengers on board 678,550 flights.[82] Furthermore, Vietnam Airlines plans to transfer most of its international operations from its current hub, Tan Son Nhat International Airport, to the now-under construction Long Thanh International Airport. With a cost of approximately US$6 billion,[83][84] the airport will, according to Vietnamese authorities, be a major gateway into Southeast Asia, at the same time helping Vietnam Airlines boost its operations internationally.

In January 2011, plans were announced by the airline to re-initiate an initial public offering by the end of 2012;[85] an earlier attempt was stalled by the 2007–2010 Financial Crises.

Corporate affairs and identity

Vietnam Airlines
Company typeGovernment-owned
IndustryAircraft maintenace and overhaul, catering, cargo and passenger transport
Founded1996 (with roots tracing back to 1954)
HeadquartersLong Bien, Hanoi, Vietnam
Area served
Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania
Key people
Nguyen Sy Hung (Chairman)[3][86]
Pham Ngoc Minh (President and CEO)[3][4]
Nguyen Van Hung (Executive Vice President and Director)[4]
ServicesAirline services
Number of employees
9,260
Websitewww.vietnamairlines.com

Vietnam Airlines is owned by the government of Vietnam.[87]: 6 [88] In 2005, it had a workforce of over 14,000 employees, of whom 9,000 worked for the airline. The airline is headed and overseen by a seven-seat management team, members of which are selected by the Prime Minister of Vietnam.[25] Currently, Nguyen Sy Hung is the chairman of the company, with Pham Ngoc Minh being the President and CEO. As of 2010,, the airline branch of the corporation has 9,260 employees.[89] Currently the airline is headquartered in the Long Bien district of Hanoi.[3] although its headquarters were previously at Gia Lam Airport in Gia Lam, Hanoi.[90][91]

Training

Transportation of dangerous goods, cabin crew training, crew-resource management (CRM) and pilot training are all safety enhancing programs taught to airline personnel. New Vietnamese pilots are assigned as Western-type aircraft co-pilots. All pilots—both national and foreign—receive biannual simulator training and periodic line checks by Western pilots. A Hanoi-based Airbus cabin mock-up is specifically used for smoke and evacuation training.[7]

In October 2010, the airline and Bay Viet Flight Training Joint-Stock Company agreed to train 60 pilots in Vietnam during the 2011–2012 period. As of 2010, Vietnam Airlines needed 636 pilots, 60% of which are Vietnamese. By 2015, Vietnam Airlines plans to raise that figure it by 75%, meaning there will be at least 100 new recruits each year from 2010 until 2015.[92]

Financial performance

Portrait photograph of man wearing black suit sitting down at conference table.
Pham Ngoc Minh, President and CEO of Vietnam Airlines during the World Economic Forum in Ho Chi Minh City.

Vietnam Airlines has enjoyed an average of 37 percent increase in passengers flown per year until 1997, when the Asian Financial Crisis and other contributing causes led to a loss in profits for the airline. Nevertheless, the airline remained profitable throughout the crisis. In 1996, the airline carried 2.5 million passengers, up 18% from 1995.[93] The airline carried more than 4 million passengers in 2002, which is an 18% increase over the previous year.[94] Its cargo traffic also climbed 20 percent during the same period, resulting in a 2002 profit of US$35.77 million.[94]

Despite the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak, the airline posted a US$26.2 million profit for 2003. In 2006, it carried 6.8 million passengers (3.7 million international) and earned revenue of nearly US$1.37 billion (first 11 months). Vietnam Airlines carried more than 8 million passengers, of which 3.3 million were international travellers in 2007,[7] the year which saw the airline earning a gross profit of US$23 million.[95] It also transported 115,100 tonnes of cargo. In 2009, the airline's revenue was US$1.3 billion, compared to US$1.56 billion it earned the previous year. During this period, Vietnam Airlines carried 9.3 million passengers.[96] According to Anna.Aero, Vietnam Airlines’ passenger capacity for 2010 has risen 30 percent over the same period of the previous year. This also coincides with the increase in capacity at Vietnamese airports, at 21%.[97]

Vietnam Airlines holds about 40 percent of the market share of international tourists flying to and from Vietnam.[7] This is significant because Vietnam Airlines receives two-thirds of its profits from international passengers. Domestically, Vietnam Airlines and its subsidiary Vietnam Air Service Company (VASCO) has an 80% share of the aviation market, with the rest covered by Jetstar Pacific.[98]

Subsidiaries

A Vietnam Airlines Boeing 777-200ER being catered by Vietnam Air Caterer at Tan Son Nhat International Airport
Company Type Principal activities Incorporated in Group's equity shareholding
Vietnam Airlines Engineering Company (VAECO) Subsidiary Aircraft maintenance Vietnam 100%
Vietnam Air Service Company (VASCO) Subsidiary Passenger transport Vietnam 100%
Cambodia Angkor Air Joint venture Passenger transport Cambodia 49%
Noibai Catering Services Join-Stock Company Subsidiary Catering Vietnam 100%
Vietnam Air Caterer Joint venture Catering Vietnam 65%
Vietnam Air Leasing Company (VALC) Joint venture Aircraft leasing Vietnam 20%[99]

Aircraft maintenance and production

Vietnam Airlines is increasingly becoming involved in the maintenance, overhauling, and production of aircraft. Current maintenance works are carried out by Vietnam Airlines Engineering Company (VAECO), that was established on 1 January 2009.[100][101] VAECO was organized upon the amalgamation of the A75, A76 aircraft maintenance bases and Da Nang technical department.[7] VAECO carries out maintenance and technical services for Vietnam Airlines as well as for other airlines. The establishment of this company opens a new era to the aircraft maintenance field in Vietnam. At present, VAECO is capable of performing a wide range of maintenance on many different aircraft types, including line maintenance on the A300; A-checks for the Boeing 767 and Airbus A330; C-checks on the ATR 72, Airbus A310/A320/A321 and Boeing 777; D-checks, the most thorough of all maintenance procedures, are carried out on the Fokker 70.[102]

In addition to its self maintenance facilities, Vietnam Airlines also has maintenance contracts with Air France, AMECO of China, China Airlines, Evergreen Aviation Technologies, GAMECO, Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Co, Lufthansa AERO, MTU Maintenance Hanover, Royal Brunei Airlines, Safe Air of New Zealand, and TAT Industries of France.[7]

There are currently no production facilities in Vietnam for aircraft and spare parts. However, Boeing has managed to obtain 35 per cent of the distribution market in Vietnam, and General Electric, in turn, supplies jet engines for the Boeing aircraft. For the future, conversely, Vietnam Airlines is planning to build a maintenance factory in conjunction with Rolls Royce and other companies.[103][104] It has also signed an memorandum of understanding with European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS), which would let the corporation assemble and manufacture plane components in the future.[105]

Destinations

Main article: Vietnam Airlines destinations
File:Vietnam Airlines Destinations.jpg
Destinations served and operated by Vietnam Airlines (as of December 2010).

"We intend to open our direct flight from Vietnam to west coast America. Our priority is Ho Chi Minh City to Los Angeles. The reason we postponed it is because of the market conditions. But we keep open our plan."

Pham Ngoc Minh, CEO of VNA [106]

Vietnam Airlines has a network within East Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe and Oceania. With more than 290 daily flights,[107][89] the airline flies to 18 destinations domestically, and to another 28 internationally.[108] In addition, it has codeshare agreements with a number of airlines for 16 other routes, some of which span to North America. In 2010, the airline opened new routes to Can Tho and to Shanghai, People's Republic of China.[109] Direct services to the Americas are contingent on the arrival of Vietnam Airlines' state-of-the-art Boeing 787–9 Dreamliner, but could happen with the Boeing 777 in early 2011.[76]

Tết flights

Vietnam Airlines traditionally increase flights between Vietnamese cities to cater for the heavy demands brought by the annual Tết celebration. This busy period, which could fall anywhere from late-January to mid-February, is Vietnam's most important celebration; hundreds of extra flights are scheduled by domestic airlines during this period to allow Vietnamese to return to their families, often in the rural ares, to celebrate the occasion. In 2010, the 562 extra flights of the Ho Chi Minh City–Hanoi trunk route increased capacity by 45% to 85%.[110] The 288 extra flights between the Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang increase capacity by 65% to 120%.[110] From 18 January to 20 February 2011, VNA increased additional flights on 10 routes, adding more than 100,000 seats. More than half of these seats, about 63,000 (307 flights), were be between the country's capital and Ho Chi Minh City. This represents a remarkable 41% increase against normal days.[111]

Alliance

A Vietnam Airlines Airbus A330-200 in SkyTeam livery. Partially obscured by a Boeing 777, the Airbus is seen here at Noi Bai International Airport.

As of June 2010, Vietnam Airlines is a SkyTeam member.[10] As such, it codesharess with most of the alliance members. Vietnam Airlines also has codeshare agreements with four Oneworld members (American Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Japan Airlines, and Qantas) and is part of Cathay Pacific's Asia Miles program. In April 2010, the airline struck a deal with the Air France division of Air France-KLM Group, which will see Vietnam Airlines flying to Paris using the Air France's AF flight code.[112]

Codeshare agreements

Vietnam Airlines has codeshare agreements with the following airlines, beside SkyTeam members:[3]

Fleet

Passenger

Vietnam Airlines current fleet
An ATR-72-200 at Phnom Penh International Airport, Cambodia. (2007)
An Airbus A320-200 at Tan Son Nhat International Airport, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. (2007)
An Airbus A330-300 at Kloten Airport, Zürich, Switzerland. (2006)
The two Fokker 70s are currently the oldest aircraft still flying with the airline.

As of September 2011, Vietnam Airlines operates a fleet of 69 aircraft with an average age of 6.7 years.[6] The carrier plans to expand its fleet to 110 aircraft by 2015.[114] Three aircraft (one Airbus A321-200 and two ATR 72s)[115][116] that are on lease to Cambodia Angkor Air are not included in the following figures.

Vietnam Airlines fleet[6]

Aircraft Total Orders Passengers Deliveries
Retirement 		Routes Notes
C Y+ Y Total
Airbus A320-200 10 — — — 162 162 Short- and medium-haul international and domestic
12 138 150
Airbus A321-200 25 26 16 — 168 184 2008–2011 Short- to medium-haul international and domestic
Airbus A330-200 9 — 24 — 242 266 Medium-haul international and domestic AVOD in-flight entertainment
one aircraft painted in SkyTeam livery
Airbus A350-900 — 12[54] TBA 2014 Long-haul international
Airbus A380-800 — 4[66] TBA 2015 Long-haul international MOU with Airbus signed in November 2009
May change to the -900 version
ATR 72 13 9 — — 66 66 Short-haul international and domestic
Boeing 777-200ER 10 — 25 54 228 307 Long-haul international and domestic AVOD in-flight entertainment
27 54 228 309
35 — 290 325
Boeing 787–9 — 16[117] TBA 2015[41] Long-haul international
Fokker 70 2 — — — 79 79 2012 Short-haul international and domestic Replacement aircraft: Airbus A321
Total 69 71

Cargo

Vietnam Airlines Cargo is the air freight division of Vietnam Airlines, providing cargo service to destinations in Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania, through their own network as well as partners' networks. The division has the number of following aircraft, some of which are passenger aircraft with dedicated cargo holds:[118][119]

Vietnam Airlines A330-200, used for passenger and cargo services.
Vietnam Airlines Cargo Fleet
Aircraft Total Order Notes
Airbus A300 3 — Freight capacity: 13 tonnes
Airbus A320 family 2 — VNA's passenger aircraft's cargo holds
Freight capacity: 2.5 tonnes
Airbus A330 2 — VNA's passnger aircraft's cargo holds
Freight capacity: 15 tonnes
Boeing 777-200ER 3 — VNA's passnger aircraft cargo holds
Freight capacity: 13–17 tonnes

Previously operated

Since its conception in 1956, the airline has operated a wide range of aircraft. This varies between Russia, American, and European aircraft. However, the airline currently only uses Boeing, ATR, Airbus and Fokker aircraft, having retiring Soviet-made planes. However, one Tu-134 and Ilyushin Il-18 have been retained as possible future museum exhibits, and are presently parked at the apron of Noi Bai International Airport.[25]

Below is a list of retired Vietnam Airlines aircraft (with the number of aircraft in brackets):[3][22]

Services

Entertainment

On long-haul international flights served by some Boeing 777-200ERs, seats in all cabin classes are equipped with Audio Video on Demand (AVOD) in-flight entertainment via personal televisions. Vietnam Airlines offers two in-flight magazines, Heritage and Heritage Fashion, on board both domestic and international flights.

Cabins

Business

Business class is the highest of three cabin classes offered by the airline. As is the case with business class cabins in most airlines, the amenities offered in this class are substantially different from economy class, and more services and products are available. On Boeing 777s, business class seats are 61.3 centimetres (24.1 in) wide with 150 centimetres (59 in) of leg room – 69 centimetres (27 in) more than in economy class), and are able to recline with a pitch of 150°.[122][123] Laid out in a 2–3–2 configuration,[124] each seat is equipped with lumbar support[125] and a 10.4 in. personal touch screen, capable of delivering AVOD.[122] Hot meals are offered on flights lasting longer than two hours.[123]

Deluxe Economy

Deluxe economy, Vietnam Airlines’ equivalent of premium economy, has a wider seat width and legroom compared to Economy at 97 centimetres (38 in) (40 in.), and is laid out 3–3–3.[25][124] This class is offered only on selected Boeing 777 flights. On flights over 90 minutes, snacks are served; on 2-hour plus flights, as in business class, hot meals are served.[126]

Economy

Economy class is available on all flights operated by Vietnam Airlines. Seats in this cabin feature seats ranging from 20 inches (51 cm) (Airbus A330) to 20.9 inches (53 cm) (Boeing 777) in width.[127] Seat pitch on this cabin class is 31–32 inches (79–81 cm) 31–32 in., while seat recline is from 6–13.[127] Like Deluxe Economy, snacks are served on flights over 90 minutes, with hot meals available on flights that are 2 hours or more.[128]

Accidents and incidents

Main article: Vietnam Airlines accidents and incidents

According to Aviation Safety Network, Vietnam Airlines experienced six accidents/incidents since 1951, with two of them leading to fatalities.[129] Both deadly accidents occurred on final approach, and both involved Soviet-built aircraft. The deadliest one took place on 3 September 1997, when a Tupolev Tu-134B-3 crashed after hitting trees on approach to Phnom Penh International Airport; the death toll rose to 65.[130] The other fatal accident occurred on 14 November 1992, when a Yakovlev Yak-40 crashed on approach to Cam Ranh International Airport, killing 30 of 31 occupants aboard.[131] The airline has also experienced a hijacking episode in 1992, without any recorded fatality.[132]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Because the Airbus A300 does not feature in the VNA's passenger fleet, but is part of the carrier's cargo division, it is assumed that VNA has dedicated cargo planes.

Footnotes

  1. ^ Dong, Ha (20 December 2006). "Second southern international airport has $8bln price tag". ThanhNien News. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  2. ^ "Airline Membership". International Air Transport Association. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "About Us". Vietnam Airlines. Retrieved 8 October 2009. "200 Nguyen Son Str., Long Bien Dist., Ha Noi city, Vietnam"
  4. ^ a b c d e "Vietnam Airlines Board of Directors". BusinessWeek. 29 March 2010. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
  5. ^ Nguyen, Binh (25 June 2010). "Vietnam Airlines becomes limited liability company". The Saigon Times. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
  6. ^ a b c "Vietnam Airlines – Details and Fleet History". Planespotters.net. 23 September 2011. Retrieved 5 October 2011.
  7. ^ a b c d e f "Doing Business in Vietnam" (PDF). U.S. Government. 17 March 2008. Retrieved 6 March 2010.[dead link]
  8. ^ "Qantas duo rescued from Vietnam". The Sydney Morning Herald. 30 July 2010. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
  9. ^ "Vietnam Airlines: 3-Star Ranking of Product and Services Quality". Skytrax. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  10. ^ a b Leithen Francis (10 June 2010). "Vietnam Airlines formally joins SkyTeam". Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 October 2011.
  11. ^ a b c "Vietnam Airlines". Vinafour. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  12. ^ "Vietnam Airlines offers world class service". eTravel Blackboard. 14 October 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
  13. ^ "A Strategy for the Vietnam Civil Aviation Administration (VCAA) to Promote US-Vietnam Bilateral Civil Aviation Agreement" (PDF). Commercialdiplomacy.org. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  14. ^ "A Strategy for the Vietnam Civil Aviation Administration to Promote US-Vietnam Bilateral Civil Aviation Agreement". Commercialdiplomacy.org. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  15. ^ "L'aviation civile vietnamienne" (PDF) (in French). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
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