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On January 8, 2003, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 634|Flight 634]], an [[BAe 146|Avro RJ-100]] (registration: TC-THG, named ''Konya'') crashed while on a VOR/DME approach to runway 34 at [[Diyarbakir Airport]] (DIY/LTCC), [[Turkey]]. 75 of the 80 passengers and crew died. <ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20030108-1&lang=en Aviation Safety Network report - January 8, 2003 crash]</ref>
On January 8, 2003, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 634|Flight 634]], an [[BAe 146|Avro RJ-100]] (registration: TC-THG, named ''Konya'') crashed while on a VOR/DME approach to runway 34 at [[Diyarbakir Airport]] (DIY/LTCC), [[Turkey]]. 75 of the 80 passengers and crew died. <ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20030108-1&lang=en Aviation Safety Network report - January 8, 2003 crash]</ref>


On February 25, 2009, an aircraft with 135 passengers, crashed near [[Schiphol|Schiphol Airport]], near [[Amsterdam]], [[The Netherlands]].<ref>http://www.nos.nl/nosjournaal/artikelen/2009/2/25/250209_vliegtuig_schiphol.html</ref>
On February 25, 2009, Turkish Airlines Flight 1951, a [[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-800]] carrying 135 passengers, crashed near [[Schiphol|Schiphol Airport]], near [[Amsterdam]], [[The Netherlands]].<ref>http://www.nos.nl/nosjournaal/artikelen/2009/2/25/250209_vliegtuig_schiphol.html</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 10:17, 25 February 2009

Turkish Airlines
Türk Hava Yolları
File:Turkish airlines logo.jpg
IATA ICAO Callsign
TK THY TURKISH
Founded1933
HubsAtatürk International Airport
Secondary hubsEsenboğa International Airport
Sabiha Gökçen International Airport
Frequent-flyer programMiles & Smiles
AllianceStar Alliance
SubsidiariesAnadolujet
SunExpress
Cyprus Turkish Airlines
Fleet size129[1] (+4 on order)
Destinations148 (32 dom + 116 intl)
Headquartersİstanbul, Turkey
Key peopleCandan Karlıtekin (Chairman), Temel Kotil (CEO)
Websitehttp://www.thy.com/

THY - Turkish Airlines, Inc. (Turkish language Türk Hava Yolları Anonim Ortaklığı) (THY) is the national airline of Turkey based in İstanbul. It operates a network of scheduled services to 140 international and 35 domestic cities, serving a total of 155 airports, in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. The airline's main base is at Atatürk International Airport (IST), with secondary hubs at Esenboğa International Airport (ESB), and Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (SAW). In 2006, 2007 and 2008, THY carried 17 million, 19.7 million and 22.5 million passengers with total revenues of US$2.23, US$3.0 and US$4.5billion, respectively.[2] The airline has around 12,000 employees. As of April 1, 2008, THY is an official member of Star Alliance.

History

The airline was established on May 20, 1933, as the State Airlines Administration– DHY - Devlet Hava Yolları İşletmesi İdaresi. It began operations with an İstanbul--Eskişehir--Ankara service in August 1933. In September 1937, the airline received three De Havilland D.H. 86B biplane airliners.

The following December, DHY received its fourth aircraft. The growing air fleet allowed DHY to extend the domestic network to Izmir, Adana, Kayseri and Diyarbakır.[3] The name was changed to Devlet Hava Yolları Umum Müdürlüğü (DHY) in June 1938. The first international flight was launched in 1947 to Athens but it was another 40 years before the introduction of long-haul flights to the Far East and across the North Atlantic.

In a major reorganisation, the state company DHY was replaced with the mixed corporation THY - Türk Hava Yolları AO on February 20, 1956. The airline's shares were passed to the Public Participation Administration in 1990, which took the company public in December of that year by selling 5% of the shares. The government later sold about 23.0% of the shares to the public in December 2004, and a further 28.75% in May 2006.

One of the Airbus A340 of Turkish Airlines.

The airline is owned by TC Privatisation Administration (49%) and private shareholders (51%). It also has a 50% holding in the affiliated airline SunExpress, the other half of which is owned by Lufthansa of Germany. It has set up in September 2006 an airline catering JV with Do&Co Restaurants & Catering of Austria. Turkish Airlines quit the Qualiflyer Group in 1999 due to incompatibilities with Swissair and Delta.

A request to join the Star Alliance was accepted in December 2006. On April 1, 2008, Turkish Airlines joined the Star Alliance as a full member.

Destinations

Further information: [[:Turkish Airlines destinations]]

Turkish Airlines operates scheduled services to 34 airports in Turkey although 25 of them handle domestic flights only. Ankara is served with 106 flights per week, Izmir with nearly 100, Antalya with 65 and Adana with 55. Ten other domestic cities are served with double daily flights from Istanbul. Turkish Airlines is the leader in the domestic market together with its low-cost spin-off company AnadoluJet. The flag carrier's main rivals are Atlasjet, Onur Air, Pegasus and SunExpress.

The majority of Turkish Airlines international services are operated from Istanbul- Ataturk Airport, and around 50 destinations can be reached within three hours. Turkish Airlines’ 107 international destinations are spread across nearly 70 countries. Routes across the North Atlantic serve New York City and Chicago. Major cities served in Asia include Bangkok, Beijing, Hong Kong, Osaka, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore City and Tokyo.[4]

Turkish Airlines will launch the following routes from Istanbul Ataturk Airport in 2009:

From Istanbul:

From Eskisehir:

Codeshare agreements

A Turkish Airlines aircraft with the new Star Alliance logo seen at Beijing Capital International Airport's Terminal 3 on March 30, 2008, two days before it formally joined the Alliance.

Turkish Airlines have codeshare agreements with the following carriers:

Note: This list includes Star Alliance (SA) partners. Turkish Airlines joined the Star Alliance on April 1, 2008. See bottom of page for the full list of it's Star Alliance partners.

Fleet

The Turkish Airlines fleet consists of 129 aircraft as of February 2009[1]:

Turkish Airlines Fleet
Aircraft In use Orders Passenger Capacity
(First/Business/Economy) 		Routes Notes
Airbus A310-300 2 18/192 Domestic and Africa Two tendered for sale
Airbus A310-300F 4 Cargo Africa, Asia, Europe and the Middle East Cargo division
Airbus A319-100 4 130 Domestic, short haul to Europe
Airbus A320-200 22 16/134 Domestic, short-haul to Europe
Airbus A321-200 19 2 186/195/202 Short-haul to Africa, Europe, Mid-haul to Caucasia (West Asia), Middle East, Almaty, Karachi 1 due February 2009
4 have AVOD in
Economy and Business[1]
Airbus A330-200 5 2 22/228 Africa, Europe, Far East, Middle East and USA order delivery in February/April 2009[2]
Airbus A340-300 9 34/237 Africa, Far East and USA 2 are leased from ILFC
AVOD in Economy and Business
Boeing 737-400 9 12/138 Domestic 6 are leased out to Anadolujet, 3 more to be transferred
Being phased out
Boeing 737-800 52 165 Domestic, short-haul, mid-haul 2 are leased out to Anadolujet
Boeing 777-300ER 3 8/30/274 Hong Kong, Singapore and London leased from Jet Airways[3]
Total 129 4 February 2009


  • The average age of the Turkish fleet is 6.2 years.
Airbus A310-300.
Airbus A321-200.

Fleet Expansion

On October 14, 2008 Turkish Airlines announced one of the world's largest commercial aircraft purchase tenders[5]. The tender which has since been extended to December 17, 2008 is for the purchase of 105 planes valued at US $6 billion[6]. This will include a firm order for 25 wide-body, long-haul planes and 50 narrow-body, medium-haul aircraft. It would also place options for 10 wide-body and 20 narrow-body aircraft[7] [8]


Affinity programs

Miles & Smiles is the frequent flyer program of Turkish Airlines, started after the airline left Qualiflyer. The earned miles can be used in Turkish Airlines' flights, as well as flights on Lufthansa, including the entire Star Alliance.

Livery

The airlines' livery is a white fuselage with blue lettering, with a tulip on the fuselage running from the rear of the wing to the tail, and a red tail with the company logo in a white circle.

A modified logo has been introduced. The biggest change is the logo's switch from a red emblem on a white background to a white emblem on a red background.

Maintenance center

Turkish Airlines has a maintenance centre at its hub Atatürk International Airport, (IST) in Istanbul. Turkish Airlines Maintenance Center with THY Technic responsible for the maintenance, repair and overhaul of THY's all aircraft, engines, APUs and components.

Turkish Technic are to open a new engine center in SAW, Sabiha Gökçen International Airport. with the foundation of Pratt & Whitney. This facility will provide engine maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) services to customers worldwide. [9]

Airbus A330-200

Incidents and accidents

During its 75 year history, Turkish Airlines has had three accidents on its international flights, and 18 on domestic flights.

The airline's first accident occurred on February 17, 1959, when a Vickers Viscount Type 793, registration TC-SEV, crashed in heavy fog just before landing at London Gatwick Airport. The flight was carrying Turkish Prime Minister Adnan Menderes and a governmental delegation to London for signing the London Agreements on the Cyprus issue. Menderes was among the ten survivors of 8 crew and 16 passengers on board. The deadliest was Flight 981, which crashed in France on March 3, 1974 due to explosive decompression, killing all 346 people aboard. The main cause was a design fault on the cargo doors of DC-10 aircraft, registered TC-JAV and named Ankara. Prior to the Tenerife airport disaster, it was the deadliest aircraft disaster.

On January 16, 1983, Flight 158, a Boeing 727-2F2 (registration TC-JBR, named Afyon) landed about 50 m (160 ft) short of the runway at Ankara Esenboğa Airport (ESB/LTAC) in driving snow, broke up and caught fire. 47 passengers died, all of the seven crew and 13 passengers survived the accident with injuries.

On December 29, 1994, Flight 278, a Boeing 737-4Y0 (registration: TC-JES, named Mersin) crashed during its final approach to land at Van Ferit Melen Airport (VAN/LTCI) in driving snow. Five of the seven crew and 52 of the 69 passengers died.

On April 7, 1999, Flight 5904, a Boeing 737-4Q8 (registration TC-JEP, named Trakya) on a repositioning flight crashed in Ceyhan 8 minutes after taking off from Adana Şakirpaşa Airport (ADA/LTAF). There were no passengers on board, all the six crew members died in the accident.

On January 8, 2003, Flight 634, an Avro RJ-100 (registration: TC-THG, named Konya) crashed while on a VOR/DME approach to runway 34 at Diyarbakir Airport (DIY/LTCC), Turkey. 75 of the 80 passengers and crew died. [10]

On February 25, 2009, Turkish Airlines Flight 1951, a Boeing 737-800 carrying 135 passengers, crashed near Schiphol Airport, near Amsterdam, The Netherlands.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Turkish Airlines Fleet
  2. ^ ATW Daily News
  3. ^ Commercial Aircraft and Airline Markings edited by Christopher Chant
  4. ^ "Turkish Airlines still growing at 15%; Baghdad and Birmingham new for this winter". anna.aero. 26th September 2008. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ^ http://www.reuters.com/article/AIRLIN/idUSLE73510920081014
  6. ^ http://www.impactpub.com.au/aircargo/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2895&Itemid=60#begin
  7. ^ http://uk.reuters.com/article/rbssIndustryMaterialsUtilitiesNews/idUKLI6380320081218
  8. ^ http://en.carnoc.com/list/9/9070.html
  9. ^ http://www.turkishtechnic.com/en-INT/corporate/news/announcements/announcement.aspx?aid=234
  10. ^ Aviation Safety Network report - January 8, 2003 crash
  11. ^ http://www.nos.nl/nosjournaal/artikelen/2009/2/25/250209_vliegtuig_schiphol.html
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