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List of largest cities

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Determining the world's largest cities depends on which definitions of city are used. The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities may be classified using the same criteria.[1] Cities may be defined as the cities proper, the extent of their urban area, or their metropolitan regions.[1]

Common methods for defining the boundaries of a city

City proper (administrative)

For a more comprehensive list, see List of cities proper by population.

A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries (city proper). World Urbanization Prospects, a UN publication, defines population of a city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority." UNICEF[1] defines city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city, e.g., Washington, D.C.". A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government.[2][3][4] Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs.[5]

The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives.[5] Because of this definition, the city proper population figure may differ greatly with the urban area population figure, as many cities are amalgamations of smaller cities (Australia), and conversely, many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the traditional "city proper" into suburban and rural areas.[6]

Metropolitan area

For a more comprehensive list, see List of metropolitan areas by population.

A city can be defined by the habits of its demographic population, as by metropolitan area, labour market area, or similar in a metropolitan area. UNICEF[1] defines metropolitan area as follows:

A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas, typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people (i.e., a population of at least 100,000). In addition to the city proper, a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower-density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city (e.g., through frequent transport, road linkages or commuting facilities).

Urban area

For a more comprehensive list, see List of urban areas by population.
See also: Number of urban areas by country

A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area, without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area. UNICEF[1] defines urban area as follows:

The definition of "urban" varies from country to country, and, with periodic reclassification, can also vary within one country over time, making direct comparisons difficult. An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following: administrative criteria or political boundaries (e.g., area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee), a threshold population size (where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2,000 people, although this varies globally between 200 and 50,000), population density, economic function (e.g., where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture, or where there is surplus employment) or the presence of urban characteristics (e.g., paved streets, electric lighting, sewerage).

Largest cities

City Nation Image Population
City proper Metropolitan area Urban area[7]
Chongqing  China 30,751,600[8] 17,000,000[8] 8,165,500[a]
Shanghai  China 24,256,800[10] 24,750,000[11] 23,416,000[b]
Delhi  India 11,034,555[12] 26,454,000 21,753,486[13]
Beijing  China 21,516,000[14] 24,900,000[15] 21,009,000
Dhaka  Bangladesh 14,399,000[16] 20,000,000[17] 19,580,000[18][19]
Mumbai  India 12,478,447[20] 12,771,200 20,748,395[13]
Lagos  Nigeria 16,060,303[c] 21,000,000[23] 13,123,000
Chengdu  China 16,044,700[24] 10,376,000
Karachi  Pakistan 14,910,352[25][d]
Guangzhou  China 14,043,500[29] 25,000,000[30] 20,800,654[31]
Istanbul  Turkey 14,025,000[32] 13,520,000 14,657,000[32]
Tokyo  Japan 13,513,734[33] 37,843,000 36,923,000[34]
Tianjin  China 12,784,000 15,469,500 6,859,779[35]
Moscow  Russia 12,197,596[36] 16,170,000 16,800,000
São Paulo  Brazil 12,038,175[37] 21,090,791 36,842,102[38]
Kinshasa  DR Congo 11,855,000[39] 13,265,000
Baoding  China 11,194,372[40] 2,176,857
Lahore  Pakistan 11,126,285[41] 13,569,000 10,665,000[42]
Cairo  Egypt 10,230,350[43] 18,290,000 22,439,541
Seoul  Korea, South 10,197,604[44] 12,700,000 25,520,000[45]
Jakarta  Indonesia 10,075,310[46] 30,539,000 30,075,310[47]
Wenzhou  China 9,175,000[48] 9,122,102[48] 6,642,592
Mexico City  Mexico 8,974,724[49] 20,999,000[50] 21,178,959[51]
Lima  Peru File:Lima - Perú.jpg 8,852,000[52] 10,750,000 9,886,647[53]
London  United Kingdom 8,825,001[54] 14,040,163 9,787,426[55]
Bangkok  Thailand 8,750,600[56] 15,931,300[citation needed] 15,645,000[citation needed]
Xi'an  China 8,705,600[57] 13,569,700[58]
Chennai  India 4,681,087[20] 8,917,749[13]
Bangalore  India 8,425,970[20] 8,728,906[13]
New York City  United States 8,622,698[59] 20,153,634[60] 23,689,255[61]
Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam File:Trung Tam.jpg 8,426,100[62]
Hyderabad  India 6,809,970[20] 7,749,334[13]
Shenzhen  China 8,378,900[63][e] 12,084,000
Suzhou  China 8,265,050[64]
Nanjing  China 8,230,000[65] 12,652,000[66]
Dongguan  China 8,220,207[67][63][f]
Tehran  Iran 8,154,051[68] 13,532,000 14,595,904[69]
Quanzhou  China 8,128,533 6,107,475 1,435,185
Shenyang  China 8,106,171[70] 6,255,921
Bogotá  Colombia 7,878,783[71] 9,800,000[72][73] 9,520,000[7]
Hong Kong  China 7,274,900[74]
Baghdad  Iraq 7,180,889[75]
Fuzhou  China 7,115,369 4,468,076
Changsha  China 7,044,118[76]
Wuhan  China 6,886,253[77]
Hanoi  Vietnam File:West Hanoi.jpg 6,844,100[62]
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil 6,429,923[78] 12,727,000 13,973,505[37]
Qingdao  China 6,188,100 9,046,200 6,188,100
Foshan  China 6,151,622[79][80][63][g]
Zunyi  China File:Zunyi River Skyline.jpg 6,127,009
Santiago  Chile 5,743,719[81] 6,683,852[82]
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 5,676,621[83]
Ahmedabad  India 5,570,585[20] 6,352,254[13]
Singapore  Singapore 5,535,000[84]
Shantou  China 5,391,028[85] 11,535,677
Ankara  Turkey 5,271,000[32] 4,585,000[32] 4,919,000[32]
Yangon  Myanmar 5,214,000[86]
Saint Petersburg  Russia 5,191,690[87] 5,900,000 6,200,000
Sydney  Australia 208,374[88] 5,029,768[89]
Casablanca  Morocco 5,117,832[90] 6,861,739 6,861,739
Melbourne  Australia 135,959[91] 4,741,929[92]
Abidjan  Ivory Coast 4,765,000[93]
Alexandria  Egypt 4,616,625[94]
Kolkata  India 4,486,679[20] 14,617,882[13]
Surat  India 4,462,002[20] 4,585,367[20]
Johannesburg  South Africa 4,434,827[95]
Dar es Salaam  Tanzania 4,364,541[96]
Shijiazhuang  China 4,303,700 10,701,600 4,303,700
Harbin  China 4,280,701[97][98] 10,635,971 6,704,573
Giza  Egypt 4,239,988[99]
İzmir  Turkey 4,168,000[32] 3,019,000[32] 3,575,000[32]
Zhengzhou  China File:Hnyszx.png 4,122,087[100]
New Taipei City  Taiwan 3,954,929[101]
Los Angeles  United States 3,884,307[102] 15,058,000 13,262,220[103]
Changchun  China 3,815,270 7,674,439[104] 4,193,073
Cape Town  South Africa 3,740,026[95]
Yokohama  Japan 3,726,167[33][h]
Khartoum  Sudan 3,639,598 5,274,321 5,345,000[105]
Guayaquil  Ecuador 3,600,000[106] 5,000,000
Hangzhou  China 3,560,391[107]
Xiamen  China 3,531,347[108] 5,114,758 1,861,289
Berlin  Germany 3,517,424[109] 5,871,022
Busan  Korea, South 3,510,833[45] 8,202,239[110]
Ningbo  China 3,491,597[111] 7,639,000 3,491,597
Jeddah  Saudi Arabia 3,456,259[112]
Durban  South Africa 3,442,361[95]
Algiers  Algeria 3,415,811 5,000,000
Kabul  Afghanistan 3,414,100[113]
Hefei  China 3,352,076[114]
Mashhad  Iran 3,001,184 3,372,660
Pyongyang  Korea, North 3,255,388[115]
Madrid  Spain 3,207,247[116] 6,378,297[55]
Faisalabad  Pakistan 3,203,846[41]
Baku  Azerbaijan File:Panoram of Baku from Maiden Tower.JPG 3,202,300 4,308,740 3,525,000[117]
Tangshan  China 7,577,289 3,187,171 3,187,171
Ekurhuleni  South Africa 3,178,470[95]
Nairobi  Kenya 3,138,369[118]
Zhongshan  China 3,121,275[119]
Pune  India 3,115,431[20]
Addis Ababa  Ethiopia 3,103,673[120] 4,567,857 3,384,569
Jaipur  India 3,073,350[20]
Buenos Aires  Argentina 3,054,300[121] 14,122,000 13,074,000[122]
Incheon  Korea, South 2,978,367[123]
Quezon City  Philippines 2,936,116[124][i]
Toronto  Canada 2,929,886[125] 6,346,088[125] 6,129,900
Kiev  Ukraine 2,908,703[126] 3,375,000[127]
Salvador  Brazil 2,902,927[128] 3,919,864[129]
Rome  Italy 2,877,215[130] 4,353,775[131][j]
Dubai  United Arab Emirates 2,865,560[132]
Luanda  Angola 2,825,311 6,542,944[133]
Lucknow  India 2,815,601[20]
Kaohsiung  Taiwan 2,778,918[134] 2,540,000
Kanpur  India 2,768,057[135] 3,152,317 2,920,496[136]
Surabaya  Indonesia 2,765,487[137] 7,302,283 9,115,485[138][139]
Taichung  Taiwan 2,752,413[140] 2,520,000[141]
Basra  Iraq 2,750,000[142]
Taipei  Taiwan 2,704,974 7,045,488[143]
Chicago  United States 2,695,598[144] 9,156,000 9,554,598[103]
Osaka  Japan 2,691,742[33] 19,341,976[34] 17,444,000
Quito  Ecuador 2,671,191 4,700,000
Chaozhou  China 2,669,844
Fortaleza  Brazil 2,609,716 4,019,213
Chittagong  Bangladesh 2,581,643[145] 4,009,423
Bandung  Indonesia 2,575,478 6,965,655 8,495,928[138]
Managua  Nicaragua 2,560,789 2,205,676
Brasília  Brazil 2,556,149[146] 3,919,864[129]
Belo Horizonte  Brazil 2,502,557[147] 5,156,217
Daegu  Korea, South 2,492,994[148]
Houston  United States 2,489,558[149] 6,490,180 4,944,332
Douala  Cameroon 2,446,945[150]
Medellin  Colombia 2,441,123[151] 3,731,447 2,497,870
Yaoundé  Cameroon 2,440,462[150]
Nagpur  India 2,405,665[152] 2,497,870
Cali  Colombia 2,400,653[153] 3,400,000
Tashkent  Uzbekistan 2,309,600
Nagoya  Japan 2,296,014[33] 9,107,414[34] 10,177,000
Isfahan  Iran 2,101,220 3,989,070
Phnom Penh  Cambodia 2,234,566
Paris  France 2,229,621 12,405,426 10,601,122
Ouagadougou  Burkina Faso File:Place des cineastes Ouaga.jpg 2,200,000 2,500,000
Lanzhou  China 2,177,130 3,616,163 2,177,130
Kano  Nigeria 2,153,225 3,395,000 9,383,682
Dalian  China 2,146,099 5,935,638 3,964,593
Guatemala City  Guatemala 2,110,100[154] 4,500,000[154]
Havana  Cuba 2,106,146[155]
Rawalpindi  Pakistan 2,098,231[41]
Medan  Indonesia 2,097,610 4,103,696
Accra  Ghana 2,070,463[156] 4,010,054[156]
Visakhapatnam  India 2,035,922 5,340,000[157]
Gujranwala  Pakistan 2,027,001[41]
Jinan  China 2,009,273 5,853,196
Karaj  Iran 1,973,470
Peshawar  Pakistan 1,970,042[41]
Minsk  Belarus 1,959,781[158]
Caracas  Venezuela 1,943,901 2,923,959
Sana'a  Yemen 1,937,451[33] 2,167,961
Sapporo  Japan 1,918,096[33] 2,584,880
Tainan  Taiwan 1,885,252[159] 1,170,000[160]
Bucharest  Romania 1,883,425 2,272,163[161] 1,931,000[162]
Curitiba  Brazil 1,879,355 3,400,000
Shiraz  Iran File:Shiraz - panoramio (55).jpg 1,869,001
Vienna  Austria 1,863,881 2,600,000
Brazzaville  Congo Republic File:Immeuble de brazzaville.jpg 1,827,000
Bhopal  India 1,798,218[163] 1,864,389 1,745,333
Almaty  Kazakhstan 1,792,549[164] 2,460,400[165]
Hamburg  Germany 1,787,408[166] 5,046,182
Manila  Philippines 1,780,148[124] 12,877,253[124] 24,123,000
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 1,768,000[167] 7,200,000[168]
Maputo  Mozambique 1,766,184 1,766,823
Budapest  Hungary 1,759,407[169] 2,927,944[170] 3,303,786
Warsaw  Poland 1,753,977[171] 3,100,844[170]
Lusaka  Zambia 1,742,979 2,467,467
Kathmandu  Nepal 1,744,240 2,517,023 3,207,205
Tabriz  Iran 1,733,033[172]
Hyderabad  Pakistan 1,732,693[41]
Palembang  Indonesia 1,708,413
Tijuana  Mexico 1,696,923 1,895,797
Patna  India 1,683,200 2,231,554 2,046,652[173]
Montreal  Canada 1,649,519 4,127,100 3,407,963
Davao City  Philippines File:DavaoSkyline.jpg 1,632,991[174] 2,516,216[k]
Harare  Zimbabwe 1,606,000 1,619,000[175]
Barcelona  Spain 1,604,555[176] 5,375,774 4,740,000[177]
Maracaibo  Venezuela 1,599,940[178] 3,897,655 2,658,355
Caloocan  Philippines 1,583,978[124][l]
Philadelphia  United States 1,567,872[179] 6,069,875[180] 7,183,479[181]
Novosibirsk  Russia 1,567,087[182]
Phoenix  United States 1,563,025[183] 4,574,531 3,629,114
Oran  Algeria 1,560,329[184] 3,454,078
Semarang  Indonesia 1,555,984 3,183,516
Recife  Brazil 1,555,039 3,743,854
Kobe  Japan 1,536,499[33][m]
Daejeon  Korea, South 1,535,028
Kampala  Uganda 1,507,080
Kawasaki  Japan 1,496,035[33][n]
Guadalajara  Mexico File:Vfoto 27.JPG 1,495,189 4,424,252
Auckland  New Zealand 1,495,000[185] 1,614,300[186]
Vijayawada  India 1,491,202[187] 5,873,588
Fukuoka  Japan 1,483,052[33] 5,590,378
Gwangju  Korea, South 1,477,780[148]
Porto Alegre  Brazil 1,476,867 4,405,769
Kyoto  Japan 1,474,570[33][o]
San Antonio  United States 1,469,845[188] 2,454,061
Santa Cruz de la Sierra  Bolivia 1,453,549[citation needed] 1,749,000
Munich  Germany 1,450,381[189] 2,606,021
Kharkiv  Ukraine 1,449,414[190] 1,650,000[191]
Yekaterinburg  Russia 1,428,042
San Diego  United States 1,394,928[188] 3,095,313 2,956,746
Barranquilla  Colombia 1,386,865[192] 2,370,753[192]
Milan  Italy 1,359,905[193] 3,206,465[p]
Ibadan  Nigeria 1,338,659 2,837,000 3,375,000
Makassar  Indonesia 1,338,633 1,976,168
Córdoba  Argentina 1,330,023[194] 1,528,000
Prague  Czech Republic 1,324,000[195]
Mandalay  Myanmar 1,319,452[196] 1,726,889
Dallas  United States 1,317,929[197] 7,233,323[198] 5,121,892[199]
Montevideo  Uruguay 1,305,082[200] 1,947,604 1,719,453
Qom  Iran 1,201,158
Ahvaz  Iran 1,184,788 1,260,817
Sofia  Bulgaria
1,260,120 1,682,340 1,547,472
Nizhny Novgorod  Russia 1,250,619[201]
Abuja  Nigeria 1,235,880 6,000,000[202] 2,440,000
Calgary  Canada 1,235,171[203] 1,214,839 1,095,404
Saitama  Japan 1,226,656[33][q]
Suwon  South Korea 1,202,310
Hiroshima  Japan 1,196,274
Rosario  Argentina 1,193,605[204] 1,276,000[205]
Brisbane  Australia 1,180,285[206] 2,360,241[207][208]
Allahabad  India 1,117,094
Belgrade  Serbia 1,166,763[209] 1,233,796[209] 1,659,440[209]
Campinas  Brazil 1,164,098[210] 3,094,181[210]
Ulsan  Korea, South File:태화강,울산.jpg 1,163,690[45]
Omsk  Russia 1,154,116[201]
Dakar  Senegal 1,146,053[211] 2,452,656[211]
Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates 1,145,000
Monterrey  Mexico 1,130,960 4,520,329
Tripoli  Libya 1,126,000 2,267,000 2,325,000
Rostov-on-Don  Russia 1,119,900[212]
T'bilisi  Georgia 1,118,035[213] 1,485,293
Fez  Morocco 1,112,072[214]
Birmingham  United Kingdom 1,111,300 3,683,000 2,440,986
Yerevan  Armenia 1,060,138[215]
Cologne  Germany 1,057,327[216] 3,573,500
Tunis  Tunisia 1,056,247 2,643,695 2,294,547
Bulawayo  Zimbabwe 1,050,000 1,200,000[217]
Astana  Kazakhstan File:Astana, capital of Kazakhstan 01.jpg  1,029,556[218] 1,200,000[219]
Islamabad  Pakistan 1,014,825[39] 1,829,180
Cartagena  Colombia 1,013,389[220] 1,013,389 1,013,389

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Sum of the 2014 population estimates for the "urban-function core district" and "urban-function extended district" of Chongqing, which were 3,677,600 and 4,512,200 respectively.[9] See also the next note.
  2. ^ Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Changzhou, Shaoxing, and urban area of Zhangjiaggang-Jiangyin within the prefecture-level cities of Suzhou and Wuxi are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Huai'an (1,856,000; 148 km2), Xuzhou (1,246,000; 233 km2), Nantong (1,036,000; 233 km2), Lianyungang (985,000; 155 km2), Zhenjiang (983,000; 168 km2), Yancheng (797,000; 207 km2), Huzhou (690,000; 111 km2), Taizhou (in Jiangsu Province; 300,000; 117 km2) and Suqian (220,000; 36 km2), as well as urban areas of Yangzhou (1,593,000; 233 km2) and Gaoyou (180,000; 39 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Yangzhou, urban areas of Kunshan (1,596,000; 492 km2), Changshu (1,139,000; 285 km2) and Taicang (523,000; 117 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Suzhou, urban areas of Cixi (1,200,000; 298 km2) and Yuyao (650,000; 122 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Ningbo, urban areas of Jiaxing (1,044,000; 259 km2) and Tongxiang (510,000; 52 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, urban areas of Wenling (510,000; 52 km2), Jiaojiang (375,000; 41 km2) and Huangyan (200,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Taizhou (in Zhejiang Province), urban areas of Zhuji (500,000; 117 km2) and Shangyu (400,000; 158 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, urban areas of Yiwu-Dongyang (925,000; 233 km2), Jinhua (520,000; 186 km2), Yongkang (500,000; 223 km2), Dongyang (260,000; 104 km2) and Lanxi (220,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jinhua, and urban area of Fuyang (450,000; 49 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Hangzhou are also excluded.
  3. ^ Lagos consists 16 out of Lagos State's 20 LGA, which excludes: Badagry, Epe, Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu.[21][22]
  4. ^ Preliminary and disputed by all the major political parties in Sindh.[26][27][28]
  5. ^ Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan are all part of the Pearl River Delta, centered on Guangzhou.
  6. ^ Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan are all part of the Pearl River Delta, centered on Guangzhou.
  7. ^ Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan are all part of the Pearl River Delta, centered on Guangzhou.
  8. ^ The cities of Yokohama, Kawasaki and Saitama are all part of the Greater Tokyo Area
  9. ^ Quezon City and Caloocan City are both under the administration of Metropolitan Manila
  10. ^ Rome and its neighbouring comunes are all under the administration of Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
  11. ^ Davao City and its neighbouring cities and towns are all under part of Metropolitan Davao
  12. ^ Quezon City and Caloocan City are both under the administration of Metropolitan Manila
  13. ^ Kyoto and Kobe are both part of the Keihanshin, centered on Osaka.
  14. ^ The cities of Yokohama, Kawasaki and Saitama are all part of the Greater Tokyo Area
  15. ^ Kyoto and Kobe are both part of the Keihanshin, centered on Osaka.
  16. ^ Milan and its neighbouring comunes are all under the administration of Metropolitan City of Milan
  17. ^ The cities of Yokohama, Kawasaki and Saitama are all part of the Greater Tokyo Area

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "SOWC-2012-DEFINITIONS". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database". United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 August 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
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