Glasgow Airport

For similarly named airports, see Glasgow Airport (disambiguation).

Glasgow International Airport Port-adhair Eadar-nàiseanta Ghlaschu
File:Glasgow Airport - New 2013 Logo.gif
IATA: GLA ICAO: EGPF
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Heathrow Airport Holdings
Operator	Glasgow Airport Limited
Serves	Glasgow, Scotland and UK
Location	Renfrewshire
Focus city for	easyJet Flybe Jet2.com Thomas Cook Airlines Thomson Airways
Elevation AMSL	26 ft / 8 m
Website	glasgowairport.com
Map
EGPF Location of airport in Renfrewshire
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05/23 2,665 8,743 Grooved Asphalt 09/27 1,104 3,622 Grooved Asphalt
Statistics (2013)
Passengers 7,363,764 Passenger change 12-13 2.9% Aircraft Movements 79,520 Movements change 12-13 1.2%
Sources: UK AIP at NATS Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority Location from Glasgow Aiport

Glasgow International Airport (Scottish Gaelic: Port-adhair Eadar-nàiseanta Ghlaschu, IATA: GLA, ICAO: EGPF), formerly Glasgow Abbotsinch Airport, is an international airport in Scotland, located 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) west of Glasgow city centre, near the towns of Paisley and Renfrew in Renfrewshire. In 2013 the airport handled nearly 7.4 million passengers, a 2.9% annual increase, making it the second busiest in Scotland, after Edinburgh Airport, and the eighth busiest airport in the United Kingdom. It is the primary airport serving the Greater Glasgow conurbation and is the principal transatlantic and direct longhaul entry airport into Scotland.

The airport is owned and operated by Heathrow Airport Holdings (formerly BAA), which also owns and operates three other UK airports, and is itself owned by FGP TopCo Limited, an international consortium, which includes Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec and GIC Special Investments, that is led by the Spanish Ferrovial Group. The airport's largest tenants are British Airways and Loganair (currently franchising using Flybe), the latter using it as a hub. Other major airlines using GLA as a base include Flybe, EasyJet, Jet2, Thomas Cook Airlines and Thomson Airways.

Glasgow Airport was first opened in 1966 and originally only facilitated flights to other places in the United Kingdom and Europe. The British Airports Authority (BAA) took control of the airport in 1975 and when BAA was privatised in the 1980s, Glasgow Airport began to offer flights to other places around the world, flights which previously were facilitated by Glasgow Prestwick Airport, which was subsequently relegated as the city's secondary airport catering for low cost airlines and charter operators.

History

The history of the present Glasgow Airport goes back to 1932, when the site at Abbotsinch, between the Black Cart Water and the White Cart Water, near Paisley in Renfrewshire, was opened and the Royal Air Force 602 Squadron (City of Glasgow) Auxiliary Air Force moved its Wapiti IIA aircraft from nearby Renfrew in January 1933. The RAF Station HQ, however, was not formed until 1 July 1936 when 6 Auxiliary Group, Bomber Command, arrived. From May 1939, until moving away in October 1939, the Squadron flew the Supermarine Spitfire.

1940

View of Glasgow Airport

In 1940, a torpedo training unit was formed, which trained both RAF and Royal Navy crews. On 11 August 1943 Abbotsinch was handed over solely to the Royal Navy and it became a naval base. All Her Majesty's Ships and naval bases are given ship names and Abbotsinch's was known as HMS Sanderling since June 1940. During the 1950s, the airfield housed a large aircraft storage unit and squadrons of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.

The Royal Navy left in October 1963. The name Sanderling was however retained as a link between the two: HMS Sanderling's ship's bell was presented to the new airport and a bar in the airport was named The Sanderling Bar.

1960s

In the 1960s, Glasgow Corporation decided that a new airport for the city was required. The original site of Glasgow's main airport was 3 km (1.9 mi) east of Abbotsinch, in what is now the Dean Park area of Renfrew. The original Art Deco terminal building of Renfrew Airport has not survived. The site is now occupied by a Tesco supermarket and the M8 motorway; this straight and level section of motorway occupies the site of the runway.

Abbotsinch took over from Renfrew airport on 2 May 1966. The UK Government had already committed millions into rebuilding Prestwick Airport fit for the "jet age". Nevertheless, the plan went forward and the new airport, designed by Basil Spence and built at a cost of £4.2 million, was completed in 1966, with British European Airways beginning services using De Havilland Comet aircraft.

The first commercial flight to arrive was a British European Airways flight from Edinburgh, landing at 8 am on 2 May 1966. The airport was officially opened on 27 June 1966 by Queen Elizabeth II. The political rows over Glasgow and Prestwick airports continued, with Prestwick enjoying a monopoly over transatlantic traffic, while Glasgow Airport was only allowed to handle UK and intra-European traffic.

1970s to date

A Loganair, operating as a franchise of British Airways, SAAB 340B, at the airport

The aftermath of the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack

In 1975, the BAA took ownership of Glasgow Airport. When BAA was privatised in the late 1980s, as BAA plc, it consolidated its airport portfolio and sold Prestwick Airport. The restrictions on Glasgow Airport were lifted and the transatlantic operators immediately moved from Prestwick, Glasgow Airport being renamed Glasgow International Airport. BAA embarked on a massive redevelopment plan for Glasgow International Airport in 1989.

An extended terminal building was created by building a pre-fabricated metal structure around the front of the original Basil Spence building, hence screening much of its distinctive Brutalist style architecture from view, with the void between the two structures joined by a glass atrium and walkway. Spence's original concrete facade which once looked onto Caledonia Road now fronts the check-in desks. The original building can be seen more clearly from the rear, with the mock barrel vaulted roof visible when airside.

A dedicated international departure lounge and pier was added at the western side of the building, leaving the facility with a total of 38 gates, bringing its capacity up to nine million passengers per year. In 2003, BAA completed redevelopment work on a satellite building (called "T2", formerly the St. Andrews Building), in order to provide a dedicated check-in facility for low cost airlines, principally Aer Lingus, Virgin Atlantic Airways and Thomas Cook Airlines.

By 1996, Glasgow was handling over 5.5 million passengers per annum, making it the fourth largest airport in the UK.

Today

The terminal has three piers: West (International), Central (Domestic) and East (Low-cost, Ireland & Scottish islands).

The Central Pier, which was part of the original 1966 building, is now used for domestic destinations. British Airways is based in the 1971 extension to the end of the pier, with Heathrow and Gatwick shuttles making up most of its traffic. There is a BA Executive Club lounge. Flybe also use the Central Pier.

Airside

The East Pier, constructed in the mid-1970s, was originally used for international flights but in recent years has been redeveloped for use by EasyJet and Loganair as well as some charters. Most flights to the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland also use this pier. None of the stands on this pier are provided with airbridges. The major users of this pier are Aer Lingus, Loganair and EasyJet.

Tail fins at the international pier

The West Pier, built as part of the 1989 extension project, is the principal international and long haul departure point, with some gates capable of handling Boeing 747 aircraft. The largest aircraft currently regularly using the airport are the Emirates Boeing 777-300ER. On 10 April 2014, the airport will for the first time host the Airbus A380 on a special one-off Emirates flight to Dubai to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the route.

Work commenced in late 2007, on Skyhub (located between the Main Terminal and Terminal 2) which created a single, purpose built security screening area in place of the previous individual facilities for each of the three piers, the other side effect being an enlargened duty-free shopping area created by taking most of the previous landside shopping and restaurant facilities airside. This new arrangement also frees up space in the departure lounges through the removal of the separate duty-free shops in the West and Central Piers. The side effect of this however is that the former public viewing areas of the apron are now airside, making the airport inaccessible to aviation enthusiasts and spectators.

Further growth is hampered by the airport's location, which is constrained by the M8 motorway to the south, the town of Renfrew to the east and the River Clyde to the north. At present the towns of Clydebank, Bearsden and Linwood all sit directly underneath the approach paths into the airport, meaning that further increases in traffic may be politically sensitive. The facility has also been challenged in recent years from Edinburgh Airport, which now serves wider range of European routes, growing to overtake Glasgow as Scotland's busiest airport although Glasgow retains the edge on transatlantic and long haul routes thanks to its longer runway which can accommodate very large aircraft such as the Boeing 777 and Airbus A340. The Scottish Executive announced in 2002 that a rail line - known as the Glasgow Airport Rail Link (GARL) - would be built from Glasgow Central station to Glasgow Airport. The rail link was to be completed by 2012 with the first trains running early in 2013. In 2009, however, it was announced by the Scottish Government that the plan had been cancelled.

Currently, the airport is easily accessed by road due to the adjoining M8 motorway and is served by a frequent and dedicated express bus (the "Glasgow Flyer") from the city centre. The service is run by First Glasgow under contract to BAA.

The airport is home to the Scottish regional airline Loganair, currently a Flybe franchise operator, who have their head office located on site. British Airways has a maintenance hangar at the airport, capable of carrying out overhaul work on Airbus A320, as well as a cargo facility.

The Royal Air Force also has a unit based within the airport - The Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron - to provide flying training to university students who plan to join the RAF.

In 2007, Glasgow became the second busiest airport in Scotland as passenger numbers were surpassed by those at Edinburgh Airport.

Icelandair temporarily moved its base of operations from Keflavík International Airport to Glasgow due to the 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull.

Plans

In 2005 BAA published a consultation paper for the development of the airport. The consultation paper included proposals for a second runway parallel to and to the north-west of the existing runway 05/23; redevelopment and enlargement of the East (low-cost) pier to connect directly with Terminal 2; and an additional International Pier to the west of the existing International Pier. There were plans for a new rail terminal, joined to the airport's passenger terminal and multi-storey car park. On 29 November 2006 the Scottish Parliament gave the go-ahead for the new railway station as part of the Glasgow Airport Rail Link to Glasgow Central station, originally due for completion in 2011. However on 17 September 2009, due to escalating costs, the project was cancelled by the Scottish Government.

BAA's plans, which are expected to cost some £290 million over the next 25 years, come in response to a forecasted trebling of annual passenger numbers passing through the airport by 2030. The current figure of 7.1 million passengers passing through the airport is expected to rise to more than 24 million by 2030.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Emirates Boeing 777-300ER at Glasgow

Flybe Embraer ERJ 175 at Glasgow

Jet2.com Boeing 737-800 at Glasgow

US Airways aircraft taxiing at Glasgow

Monarch Airlines Airbus A330-200 at Glasgow

British Airways Boeing 737-400 at Glasgow

EasyJet Airbus A319 at Glasgow

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Aegean Airlines	Seasonal charter: Heraklion	1
Aer Lingus Regional operated by Stobart Air	Cork, Dublin	1
Air Transat	Toronto-Pearson Seasonal: Calgary, Vancouver	2
Air Malta	Seasonal: Malta	1
BH Air	Seasonal: Burgas, Sofia	1
Blue Islands	Seasonal: Guernsey	1
British Airways	London-Gatwick, London-Heathrow	1
British Airways operated by BA Cityflyer	London-City Summer seasonal charter: Alicante, Barcelona, Faro, Ibiza, Malaga, Mahón, Palma de Mallorca, Reus, Venice-Marco Polo	1
CityJet	Cardiff	1
Citywing	Isle of Man	1
Eastern Airways	Stavanger	1
easyJet	Amsterdam, Alicante, Belfast-International, Berlin-Schönefeld, Bristol, Faro, Jersey, London-Gatwick, London-Luton, London-Stansted, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Paris-Charles de Gaulle Summer seasonal: Ibiza, Kos, Split (begins 22 June 2014) Winter seasonal: Geneva	1
Emirates	Dubai-International	1
Europe Airpost	Seasonal: Halifax (begins 4 July 2014), Paris-Charles de Gaulle (begins 4 July 2014)	1
Flybe	Belfast-City, Birmingham, East Midlands, Exeter, Manchester, Southampton Seasonal: Jersey Summer seasonal charter: Mahón, Reus, Salzburg	1
Flybe operated by Loganair	Barra, Benbecula, Campbeltown, Donegal, Leeds/Bradford, Islay, Kirkwall, Stornoway, Sumburgh, Tiree Seasonal: Newquay	1
Freebird Airlines	Summer seasonal: Dalaman	1
Germanwings operated by Eurowings	Düsseldorf (begins 18 September 2014)	1
Helvetic Airways	Seasonal: Zurich (begins 18 May 2014)	1
Icelandair	Reykjavík-Keflavík	1
Jet2.com	Alicante, Barcelona, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Malaga, Rome-Fiumicino, Tenerife-South Seasonal: Bodrum, Corfu (begins 26 May 2014), Dalaman, Faro, Funchal (begins 26 May 2014), Heraklion, Ibiza, Menorca, Murcia, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Pula, Reus (begins 26 May 2014), Rhodes, Zakynthos (begins 2 June 2014)	1
Jetairfly	Summer seasonal: Palma de Mallorca	1
KLM	Amsterdam	1
KLM operated by KLM Cityhopper	Amsterdam	1
Lufthansa Regional operated by Eurowings	Düsseldorf (ends 17 September 2014)	1
Monarch Airlines	Summer seasonal: Orlando-Sanford, Palma de Mallorca	1
Nouvelair	Summer seasonal: Monastir	1
Onur Air	Summer seasonal: Dalaman, Ercan	1
Pegasus Airlines	Summer seasonal: Antalya	1
Small Planet Airlines	Tenerife-South	1
Thomas Cook Airlines	Antalya, Cancún, Dalaman, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Larnaca, Lanzarote, Malta, Paphos, Sharm el-Sheikh, Tenerife-South Seasonal: Bodrum, Burgas, Cayo Coco, Corfu, Enfidha, Goa, Heraklion, Ibiza, Kos, Las Vegas, Menorca, Orlando, Palma de Mallorca, Puerto Plata, Reus, Rhodes, Rovaniemi, Zakynthos	2
Thomson Airways	Alicante, Boa Vista, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Sharm el-Sheikh, Tenerife-South Seasonal: Antalya, Barbados, Bodrum, Burgas, Cancún, Chambéry, Corfu, Dalaman, Faro, Geneva, Heraklion, Ibiza, Kos, Larnaca, Málaga, Mahón, Naples, Orlando-Sanford, Punta Cana, Rhodes, Salzburg, Turin, Verona, Zakynthos	1
Tunisair	Summer seasonal: Enfidha	1
United Airlines	Newark	1
US Airways	Summer seasonal: Philadelphia	1
Virgin Atlantic	Summer seasonal: Orlando	2
Wizz Air	Gdańsk, Warsaw-Chopin	1

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
FedEx Feeder operated by Swiftair	Dublin, London-Stansted, Manchester, Newcastle, Paris-Charles de Gaulle

Statistics

Annual traffic data

Passenger traffic at Glasgow Airport peaked in 2006 when over 8.8 million passengers passed through the airport. Numbers subsequently declined until 2010, with 6.5 million passengers that year, but have since increased to nearly 7.4 million in 2013.

Glasgow Airport Passenger Totals 1997-2013 (millions)

Updated: 1 April 2014.

	Number of Passengers	Number of Movements	Freight (tonnes)
1997	6,117,006	98,204	10,574
1998	6,566,927	100,942	8,517
1999	6,813,955	101,608	8,972
2000	6,965,500	104,929	8,545
2001	7,292,327	110,408	5,928
2002	7,803,627	104,393	5,041
2003	8,129,713	105,597	4,927
2004	8,575,039	107,885	8,122
2005	8,792,915	110,581	8,733
2006	8,848,755	110,034	6,289
2007	8,795,653	108,305	4,276
2008	8,178,891	100,087	3,546
2009	7,225,021	85,281	2,334
2010	6,548,865	77,755	2,914
2011	6,880,217	78,111	2,430
2012	7,157,859	80,472	9,497
2013	7,363,764	79,520	11,837
Source: United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority

Busiest routes

Busiest routes by country (2013)

Rank	Country	Passengers handled	% change 2012-13
1	United Kingdom	3,622,338	02.5
2	Spain	1,240,174	05.5
3	United Arab Emirates	402,340	027.9
4	Netherlands	390,275	05.0
5	USA	229,599	03.3
6	Turkey	221,819	01.5
7	Ireland	180,239	06.4
8	France	147,149	00.3
9	Greece	120,247	013.4
10	Portugal	115,978	09.6
11	Germany	99,589	015.2
12	Canada	85,476	027.4
13	Cyprus	76,253	028.9
14	Italy	61,781	016.2
15	Egypt	53,624	019.1
Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

Busiest domestic routes (2013)

Rank	Airport	Passengers handled	% change 2012/13
1	London Heathrow	871,198	4.9
2	London Gatwick	608,990	0.1
3	London Stansted	308,715	6.9
4	London Luton	281,806	1.6
5	Bristol	257,538	7.8
6	Belfast International	250,813	6.1
7	Birmingham	204,638	2.5
8	Southampton	182,565	5.2
9	London City	176,131	10.8
10	Belfast City	119,939	19.6
Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

Busiest international routes (2013)

Rank	Airport	Passengers handled	% change 2012/13
1	Dubai International	402,340	27.9
2	Amsterdam Schiphol	390,137	4.9
3	Palma de Mallorca	235,649	12.8
4	Tenerife South	224,778	1.4
5	Alicante	215,386	7.2
6	Málaga	156,507	2.6
7	Dublin	141,475	2.3
8	Paris Charles de Gaulle	137,918	10.3
9	Dalaman	127,962	2.3
10	Arrecife de Lanzarote	118,215	8.7
11	Newark	103,131	7.2
12	Faro	94,242	8.1
13	Ibiza	76,813	15.1
14	Berlin Schönefeld	70,647	16.8
15	Toronto Pearson	65,385	27.0
16	Antalya	58,029	17.6
17	Gran Canaria	56,423	14.7
18	Sharm el-Sheikh	53,624	19.1
19	Keflavík	50,589	30.1
20	Enfidha	50,451	57.3
Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

Accidents and incidents

• On 3 September 1999, a Cessna 404 carrying nine Airtours staff from Glasgow to Aberdeen on a transfer flight, crashed minutes after take off near the town of Linwood, Renfrewshire. Eight people were killed and three seriously injured. No one on the ground was hurt. A fatal accident inquiry into the accident later found that the aircraft developed an engine malfunction during take off. Although the captain decided to return to the airfield, he mistakenly identified the working engine as the faulty one and shut it down, causing the aircraft to crash.

• On 30 June 2007, a day after the failed car bomb attacks in London, an attack at Glasgow International Airport occurred. A flaming Jeep Cherokee was driven into the entrance of Terminal 1. Two men, one alight, fled the vehicle before being apprehended by a combination of police officers, airport security officers and witnesses. One of the men died in the following months due to injuries sustained in the attack

• On November 18, 2013 Icelandair Flight 431 (Boeing 757) from Glasgow to Keflavík suffered engine failure as it passed Stornoway. The aircraft returned to Glasgow on one engine, and landed safely. Although the plane was met by Emergency Services as a precautionary measure, no one was hurt in the incident.

Ground transport

GlasgowFlyer

The airport is currently linked to Glasgow City Centre by Glasgow Shuttle bus service 500. This is run by First Glasgow under contract to BAA. Started in 2011, the service runs 24 hours a day, direct via the M8 motorway. McGill's Bus Services service 757 links the airport with Paisley Gilmour Street railway station, Paisley town centre, Erskine & Clydebank. This bus accepts National Rail tickets between Glasgow Airport and any railway station.

Between 2007 and 2011, Arriva Scotland West ran the 500 as the Glasgow Flyer. Prior to 2007, Arriva and Fairline Coaches ran this service as route 905, under contract to Scottish Citylink, and this ended following the introduction of the Flyer. Fairline later introduced a new Glasgow Airport Link service using the old route 905 number, but this has since been replaced by First Bus as the 747 route, which travels to Glasgow city centre via Braehead and the West End of the city.

References

Notes

References

Bibliography

• McCloskey, Keith. Glasgow's Airports: Renfrew and Abbotsinch. Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK: The History Press Ltd., 2009. ISBN 978-0-7524-5077-3.
• Smith, David J. Action Stations, Volume 7: Military airfields of Scotland, the North-East and Northern Ireland. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1983 ISBN 0-85059-563-0.

External links

Media related to Glasgow International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website