Socialist International

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Socialist International
AbbreviationSI
PredecessorLabour and Socialist International
Formation3 June 1951; 72 years ago (1951-06-03)
TypeInternational non-governmental organization
Purpose"Strengthen relations between the affiliated parties and to coordinate their political attitudes and activities"[1]
Location
Region served
Worldwide
Membership
147
President
George Papandreou
Secretary General
Luis Ayala
Main organ
Congress of the Socialist International
Budget
£1.4 million (2014)[2]
Websitesocialistinternational.org
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The Socialist International (SI) is a worldwide organisation of political parties which seek to establish democratic socialism.[1] It consists mostly of democratic socialist, social-democratic and labour political parties and other organisations.

Although formed in 1951 as a successor to the Labour and Socialist International, it has antecedents to the late 19th century. The organisation currently includes 147 member parties[3] and organisations from over 100 countries. Its members have governed in many countries including most of Europe.

The current secretary general of the SI is Luis Ayala (Chile) and the current president of the SI is the former Prime Minister of Greece, George Papandreou,[4] both of whom were re-elected at the last SI Congress held in Cartagena, Colombia in March 2017.

History

First and Second Internationals (1864–1916)

The International Workingmen's Association, also known as the First International, was the first international body to bring together organisations representing the working class.[5] It was formed in London on 28 September 1864 by socialist, communist and anarchist political groups and trade unions.[6] Tensions between moderates and revolutionaries led to its dissolution in 1876 in Philadelphia.[7]

The Second International was formed in Paris on 14 July 1889 as an association of the socialist parties.[8] Differences over World War I led to the Second International being dissolved in 1916.

Labour and Socialist International (1919–1940)

The International Socialist Commission (ISC), also known as the Berne International, was formed in February 1919 at a meeting in Berne by parties that wanted to resurrect the Second International.[9] In March 1919 communist parties formed Comintern (the Third International) at a meeting in Moscow.[10]

Parties which did not want to be a part of the resurrected Second International (ISC) or Comintern formed the International Working Union of Socialist Parties (IWUSP, also known as Vienna International/Vienna Union/Two-and-a-Half International) on 27 February 1921 at a conference in Vienna.[11] The ISC and the IWUSP joined to form the Labour and Socialist International (LSI) in May 1923 at a meeting in Hamburg.[12] The rise of Nazism and the start of World War II led to the dissolution of the LSI in 1940.

Socialist International (1951–present)

The Socialist International was formed in Frankfurt in July 1951 as a successor to the LSI.[13]

During the post-World War II period, the SI aided social democratic parties in re-establishing themselves when dictatorship gave way to democracy in Portugal (1974) and Spain (1975). Until its 1976 Geneva Congress, the SI had few members outside Europe and no formal involvement with Latin America.[14] In the 1980s, most SI parties gave their backing to the Nicaraguan Sandinistas (FSLN), whose democratically-elected left-wing government was subject to a campaign to overthrow it backed by the United States, which culminated in the Iran–Contra affair after the Reagan administration covertly continued US support for the Contras after such support was banned by Congress.

Willy Brandt with outgoing secretary general Bernt Carlsson (left) and new secretary general Pentti Väänänen (right) at the Socialist International Congress in 1983

In the late 1970s and in the 1980s the SI had extensive contacts and discussion with the two leading powers of the Cold War period, the United States and the Soviet Union, on issues concerning East–West relations and arms control. The SI supported détente and disarmament agreements, such as SALTII, START and INF. They had several meetings and discussion in Washington, D.C. with President Jimmy Carter and Vice-President George Bush and in Moscow with Secretaries General Leonid Brezhnev and Mikhail Gorbachev. The SI's delegations to these discussions were led by the Finnish Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa.[15]

Since then, the SI has admitted as members an increasing number of parties and organisations from Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America (see below for current list).

Following the Tunisian revolution, the Constitutional Democratic Rally was expelled from the SI in January 2011;[16] later that month the Egyptian National Democratic Party was also expelled;[17] and as a result of the 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis, the Ivorian Popular Front was expelled in March 2011,[18] in accordance with section 7.1 of the statutes of the Socialist International. These decisions were approved at the subsequent SI Congress in Cape Town in 2012 in line with section 5.1.3 of the statutes.[19]

Progressive Alliance (2013)

Despite the carrying out of open, transparent, fully democratic elections overseen by an electoral committee headed by the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) at the 2012 SI Congress, on 22 May 2013 the SPD along with some other current and former member parties of the SI founded a rival international network of social-democratic parties known as the Progressive Alliance, citing their perceived undemocratic and outmoded nature of the SI,[20][21][22][23] as well as the Socialist International's admittance and continuing inclusion of undemocratic political movements into the organization.[24][25]

Relationship with Latin America

For a long time, the Socialist International remained distant from Latin America, considering the region as a zone of influence of the United States. For example, it does not denounce the coup d'état against Socialist President Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala in 1954 or the invasion of the Dominican Republic by the United States in 1964. It was not until the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that we discovered "a world we did not know", explains Antoine Blanca, a diplomat for the French PS. According to him, solidarity with the Chilean left was "the first challenge worthy of the name, against Washington, of an International which, until then, had done everything to appear subject to American strategy and NATO". Subsequently, notably under the leadership of François Mitterrand, the SI supported the sandinistas in Nicaragua and other movements in El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras in their struggle against US-supported dictatorships.[26]

In the 1990s, it was joined by non-socialist parties that took note of the economic power of the European countries governed or to be governed by their partners across the Atlantic and calculated the benefits they could derive from it. During this period, "the socialist international works in a clientist way; some parties come here to rub shoulders with Europeans as if they were in the upper class," says Porfirio Muñoz Ledo, one of the representatives of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (Mexico) at the SI. It is home to "the very centrist Argentinean Radical Civic Union (UCR); the Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which was not very democratically in power for seventy years; the Colombian Liberal Party - under whose governments the left-wing formation Patriotic Union (1986-1990) was exterminated - introduced the neoliberal model (1990-1994) and to which, until 2002, Alvaro Uribe will belong". In the following decade, many left-wing parties that came to power (in Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and El Salvador) preferred to keep their distance from the SI.[26]

Presidents, honorary presidents and secretaries general

Presidents

Honorary presidents

Current and honorary presidents include:[27]

Secretaries general

Summits

Members

Full members

The following parties are full members:[28][29]

Country Name Abbr Government Notes
 Albania Socialist Party of Albania[30][31][32] PS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[33][32] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34]
 Algeria Socialist Forces Front[35][36][37] FFS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39][37]
 Andorra Social Democratic Party[40][41] PS in opposition Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][41]
 Angola Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola[42] MPLA in government Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][42]
 Argentina Radical Civic Union[43] UCR junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][43]
 Armenia Armenian Revolutionary Federation [44][45] ARF in opposition Admitted (as Armenian Socialist Party) as observer member in 1996.[39][45] Promoted (as ASP) to consultative member in 1999.[33] Promoted (as ASP) to full member in 2003.[34]
 Austria Social Democratic Party of Austria[46] SPÖ in opposition Full member since 1951.[46]
 Azerbaijan Social Democratic Party ASDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to consultative member in 2003.[34] Readmitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[47] Admitted as full member in 2016.[48]
 Belarus Belarusian Social Democratic Party BSDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1999.[33] Promoted to consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[49]
 Belgium Socialist Party[50] PS in opposition
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina[51][41] SDP BiH in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][41]
 Brazil Democratic Labour Party[52] PDT in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[53][52] Promoted to full member in 1989.[52][54]
 Bulgaria Party of Bulgarian Social Democrats[55] PBSD in opposition
 Bulgaria Bulgarian Socialist Party[56] BSP in opposition Admitted as full member in 2003.[34][56]
 Burkina Faso People's Movement for Progress MPP in government Admitted as full member in 2016.[48]
 Cameroon Social Democratic Front[57] SDF in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][57]
 Cape Verde African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde[58] PAICV in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39][58]
 Central African Republic Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People MLPC in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008.[59] Upgraded to full member in 2018.
 Chad National Union for Democracy and Renewal UNDR in opposition Admitted as observer member in June/July 2014.[47] Upgraded to full member in 2017.
 Chile Party for Democracy[60] PPD in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39][60]
 Chile Radical Social Democratic Party[61] PRSD in opposition
 Chile Socialist Party of Chile[62] PS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39][62]
 Colombia Colombian Liberal Party[63] PLC junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][63]
 Costa Rica National Liberation Party[64] PLN in opposition Full member since 1987.[64]
 Croatia Social Democratic Party of Croatia[65][66] SDP in opposition Admitted as full member in 1999.[33][66]
 Cyprus Movement for Social Democracy[67][68] EDEK in opposition Full member since 1987.[68] Promoted to full member in 1992.[38]
Cyprus Northern Cyprus Cyprus (North) Republican Turkish Party CTP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008 (pending consultation).[59] Promoted to full member in June/July 2014.[47]
Cyprus Northern Cyprus Cyprus (North) Communal Democracy Party TDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in November 2015.[49] Promoted to full member in March 2017.
 Czech Republic Czech Social Democratic Party[69][70] ČSSD junior party in coalition
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Union for Democracy and Social Progress UDPS in government Admitted as observer member in 2003.[34]
 Dominican Republic Dominican Revolutionary Party[71] PRD junior party in coalition Full member since 1987.[71]
 Equatorial Guinea Convergence for Social Democracy[72] CPDS in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][72]
 Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland SDP senior party in coalition
 France Socialist Party[73] PS in opposition
 Ghana National Democratic Congress NDC in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Greece Movement for Change in opposition Full member since 1990.[74]
 Guatemala National Unity of Hope UNE in opposition Admitted as full member in 2008.[59]
 Guinea Rally of the Guinean People[75][76] RPG in government Admitted (as Guinean People's Assembly) as consultative member in 1999.[33] Promoted (as GPA) to full member in 2003.[34][76]
 Haiti Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats[77] PFSDH in opposition Full member since 1989.[77]
 Haiti Social Democratic Assembly for the Progress of Haiti (RSD) RSD in opposition Admitted as full members in 2018[78]
 Hungary Hungarian Socialist Party[79][80] MSzP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1992.[38][80] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39]
 Hungary Social Democratic Party of Hungary MSZDP extra-parliamentary Member since 1990.[81] Admitted as observer member in 1992.[38] Promoted to consultative member in 1999.[33]
Promoted to full member in 2003.[34]
 India Indian National Congress INC in opposition Originally joined in 1993.[82] Readmitted as full member December 2014.[83]
 Iran Kurdistan Democratic Party KDP — Admitted as a full member in November 2015.[49]
 Iraq Patriotic Union of Kurdistan PUK junior party in coalition Admitted as observer member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Ireland Labour Party[84][85] in opposition
 Israel Israeli Labor Party[86][68] Avoda in opposition Temporarily suspended membership in July 2018 over SI's adoption of BDS policies.[87]
 Israel Meretz[86][68] in opposition
 Italy Italian Socialist Party PSI in opposition
 Jamaica People's National Party[88] PNP in opposition Full member since 1952.[88] Temporarily demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28]
 Japan Social Democratic Party[89] SDP in opposition Full member since 1951 as the Japan Socialist Party.[89]
 Kazakhstan Nationwide Social Democratic Party OSDP — Admitted as consultative member in 2012.[90] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[49]
 Kyrgyzstan Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan SDPK in government Promoted to full member in June 2018.
 Lebanon Progressive Socialist Party[91] PSP junior party in coalition Full member since 1980.[91]
 Lithuania Social Democratic Party of Lithuania[92] LSDP junior party in coalition Full member since the 1990s.[92]
 Mali Alliance for Democracy in Mali[93] ADEMA-PASJ in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][93] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Mali Rally for Mali RPM in government Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34]
 Mauritania Rally of Democratic Forces RFD in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Mauritius Labour Party[94] PT in opposition Full member since 1969.[94]
 Mauritius Mauritian Militant Movement[95] MMM in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][95] Part of the Alliance of the Heart.
 Mexico Institutional Revolutionary Party[96] PRI in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][96]
 Moldova Democratic Party of Moldova[97] PDM junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[59] Promoted to full member in 2012.[90]
Part of Alliance for European Integration.
 Mongolia Mongolian People's Party[98][99] MPP in government Admitted (as Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party) as observer member in 1999.[33][99]
Promoted (as Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party) to full member in 2003.[34][99]
 Mongolia Mongolian Social Democratic Party[99] MSDP — Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38][99] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39] Merged with others in 2000 to form the Democratic Party
 Montenegro Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro[100] DPS senior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Montenegro Social Democratic Party of Montenegro[100][101][102] SDP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to consultative member in 1999.[33] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][102]
 Morocco Socialist Union of Popular Forces[103][104][105] USFP in opposition Promoted to full member in 1992.[38]
 Mozambique Frelimo Party[106] FRELIMO in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33]
 Namibia South West Africa People's Organisation SWAPO in government Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Nepal Nepali Congress[107][108] NC in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[54] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33][108]
 Niger Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism[109] PNDS in government Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][109]
 Pakistan Pakistan Peoples Party[110] PPP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[54] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][110]
 Palestine Fatah[111][112] in government Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to consultative member in 1999.[33]
Promoted to full member in 2012.[90]
 Panama Democratic Revolutionary Party[113] PRD in government Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[53][113] Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34]
 Paraguay Democratic Progressive Party PDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[59] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[49]
 Peru American Popular Revolutionary Alliance[114] APRA in opposition Promoted to full member in 1999.[33]
 Philippines Philippines Democratic Socialist Party PDSP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014. Reinstated in 2019.
 Portugal Socialist Party[115] PS in government
 Puerto Rico Puerto Rican Independence Party[116] PIP in opposition Consultative member in 1987, full member in 1994.[116] Promoted to full member in 1992.[38]
 Romania Social Democratic Party[117][118] PSD in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33] Consultative member in 1992, full member in 2001.[118] Admitted as full member in 2003.[34]
 Russia A Just Russia[119][120] SR in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008.[59] Promoted to consultative member in 2010. Promoted to full member in 2012.[90][121]
 San Marino Party of Socialists and Democrats[109] PSD in opposition Consultative member in 1961, full member in 1980.[109]
 Senegal Socialist Party of Senegal[122][123] PS — Full member since the 1970s.[123] Boycotted last election.
 Slovakia Direction – Social Democracy[124] SMER-SD senior party in coalition Full member since 1994.[124]
 South Africa African National Congress[125] ANC in government Admitted as full member in 1999.[33][125]
 Spain Spanish Socialist Workers' Party[126] PSOE in government Full member since 1951.[126]
 Tunisia Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties FDTL junior party in coalition Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Promoted to full member in 2012.[90]
 Turkey Republican People's Party[127][128][129] CHP in opposition Took Social Democratic Populist Party's place in 1995.[129]
 United Kingdom Social Democratic and Labour Party[130][131] SDLP in opposition Full member since 1974.[131]
 Uruguay New Space[132][133] PNE in government Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[33] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][133]
 Venezuela A New Era UNT in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[134] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[49]
 Venezuela Democratic Action[135][136] AD in opposition Observer member in 1966, consultative member in 1981, full member mid 1980s.[136]
 Venezuela Popular Will VP in opposition Admitted as full member in December 2014.[83]
 Yemen Yemeni Socialist Party YSP in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2003.[34] Promoted to consultative member in 2008.[59]
Promoted to full member in 2012.[90]

Consultative parties

The following parties are consultative parties:[28][29]

Country Name Abbr Government Notes
 Belize People's United Party PUP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[47]
 Botswana Botswana Democratic Party BDP in government Admitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[47]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Unified Lumumbist Party PALU in opposition Admitted as observer member in December 2014.[83] Upgraded to consultative in 2019.
 Djibouti Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development MRD in opposition Admitted as consultative members in 2019.
 Gabon Gabonese Progress Party PGP — Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39]
 Gambia United Democratic Party UDP — Admitted as consultative member in 2012.[90] Boycotted last election.
 Georgia Social Democrats for the Development of Georgia SDD — Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[134]
 Ghana Convention People's Party CPP Admitted as consultative member in 2018
 Guinea-Bissau African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde PAIGC in government Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[59]
 Iran Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan PDKI — Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to consultative member in 2008.[59]
 Palestine Palestinian National Initiative[112] PNI in opposition Admitted as observer member in 2008.[59] Promoted to consultative member in 2012.[90]
 Palestine Palestine Popular Struggle Front PPSF Admitted as consultative member in 2018.
 Sahrawi Republic Polisario Front POLISARIO in government Admitted as observer member in 2008.[59] Promoted to consultative member in 2017.[137][138]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe/Social Democratic Party MLSTP/PSD in government Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[134]
 Eswatini People's United Democratic Movement PUDEMO — Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[134] Political parties are banned in Eswatini.
 Syria Democratic Union Party PYD Admitted as consultative member in November 2015.[49]
 Togo Democratic Convention of African Peoples CDPA Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[33]
 Turkey Peoples' Democratic Party HDP in opposition Admitted as consultative member in 2015.
 Ukraine Social Democratic Party of Ukraine[139] SDPU — Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34]

Observer parties

The following parties are observer parties:[28][29]

Country Name Abbr Government Notes
 Swaziland Swaziland Democratic Party SWADEPA Admitted as observer member in June/July 2014.[47]
 Iran Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan KPIK Admitted as observer member in December 2014.[83]
 Iran Komala Party of Kurdistan KPK Admitted as observer member in December 2014.[83]
 Kenya Labour Party of Kenya Admitted as observer member in 2012.[90]
 Kosovo Vetëvendosje VV Admitted as observer member in 2018.
 Lesotho Lesotho Congress for Democracy LCD in opposition Admitted as observer member in June/July 2014.[47]
 Serbia Social Democratic Party of Serbia SDPS junior party in coalition government Admitted as observer member in 2018.
 United Kingdom Labour Party[140] in opposition Member since 1951.[140] Welsh Labour is in government in Wales and London Labour holds the London Mayoralty. The party asked to be downgraded to observer status in February 2013 "in view of ethical concerns, and to develop international co-operation through new networks."[141]

Former members

Country Name Abbr Notes
 Albania Social Democratic Party of Albania[142] PSD Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39][142] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Algeria National Liberation Front FLN Expelled following the 2019 Algerian protests.
 Andorra New Democracy ND Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[33]
 Antigua and Barbuda Antigua Labour Party ALP Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[59]
 Argentina Popular Socialist Party PSP Admitted as full member in 1992.[38] Merged with the Democratic Socialist Party to form the Socialist Party.
 Argentina Socialist Party[143][144] PS Full member since 1951.[144]
 Aruba People's Electoral Movement[42] MEP Promoted to full member in 1992.[38] Full member since 1994.[42] Delisted in December 2014.
 Australia Australian Labor Party[145] ALP Admitted as full member in 1966.[145] Delisted in December 2014.
 Barbados Barbados Labour Party[146] BLP Admitted as full member in 1987.[146] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Belgium Belgian Socialist Party PSB/BSP Founder member. Split in 1978.
 Belgium Socialist Party Different SP.a Delisted in 2017.
 Benin Democratic Union of Progressive Forces UDFP Admitted as observer member in 1992.[38]
 Benin Social Democratic Party[147] PSD Admitted as consultative member in 1999.[33][147] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][147]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Alliance of Independent Social Democrats SNSD Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008[59] Expelled in August 2012.[90]
 Botswana Botswana National Front BNF Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39]
 Bolivia Revolutionary Left Movement[148] MIR Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[53] Consultative member in 1987.[148] Promoted to full member in 1992.[38][148]
 Bulgaria European Left BEL[149] Admitted as observer member in 1999.[33]
 Burkina Faso Party for Democracy and Progress / Socialist Party[60] PDP/PS Admitted as full member circa 1995.[60] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Burundi Front for Democracy in Burundi FRODEBU Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28]
Delisted in December 2014.
 Canada Co-operative Commonwealth Federation CCF Became the New Democratic Party in 1961.
 Canada New Democratic Party[150] NDP/NPD Delisted in 2018.
 Central African Republic Movement for Democracy and Social Progress MDPS Admitted as observer member in 1992.[38]
 Ivory Coast Ivorian Popular Front[151] FPI Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39][151] Expelled in March 2011.[18]
 Colombia Alternative Democratic Pole PDA Former observer member. Delisted in December 2014.
 Colombia M-19 Democratic Alliance Admitted as observer member in 1992.[38]
 Curaçao Partido MAN MAN Promoted to full member in 1989.[54] Delisted in 2017.
 Denmark Social Democrats SD Founding member. Withdrew in 2017.
 Dominica Dominica Labour Party DLP Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Ecuador Democratic Left[152] PID Member since 1987.[152] Delisted in 2017.
 Egypt Egyptian Social Democratic Party ESDP (or HMDI in Arabic) Admitted as consultative member in 2012.[90] Promoted to full member in November 2015.[49] Delisted in 2019 due to non-payment of membership fees.
 Egypt National Democratic Party[64] NDP Admitted as full member in 1989.[54] Full member since 1992.[64] Expelled in January 2011.[17][153][154]
 El Salvador Democratic Party PD Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39]
 Estonia Social Democratic Party[155][156] SDE Member since 1990.[156] Withdrew in 2017.
 Fiji Fiji Labour Party FLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Expelled in 2008, due to the party's participation in a government issued from a military coup.[59]
 Georgia Union of Citizens of Georgia CUG Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39]
 Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD Founding member. Withdrew in 2017.
 Greenland Forward Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[53] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Guatemala Social Democratic Convergence[157] CSD Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34][157]
 Haiti Party of the National Congress of Democratic Movements KONAKOM Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Promoted to full member in 1996.[39]
 Haiti Struggling People's Organization OPL Admitted (as Lavalas Political Organisation) as observer member in 1996.[39]
 Haiti Revolutionary Progressive Nationalist Party PANPRA Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[54] Promoted to full member in 1992.[38]
 Hungary Social Democratic Party of Hungary MSZDP Member since 1990. Admitted as observer member in 1992. Promoted to consultative member in 1999.

Promoted to full member in 2003.

 Iceland Social Democratic Party A Member since 1987.[158] Formed Social Democratic Alliance in 2000.
 Iceland Social Democratic Alliance S Withdrew in 2017.
 Iran League of Iranian Socialists Joined in 1960.[159] It was dissolved in 1980s.
 Italy Democratic Party of the Left PDS Admitted as full member in 1992.[38] Merged with others to form Democrats of the Left in 1998.
 Italy Democrats of the Left[160] DS Full member since 1992 as Democratic Party of the Left.[160] Merged with other movements to form the Democratic Party in 2007. Listed as SI member until XXIV Congress in 2012.
 Italy Italian Socialist Party PSI Party dissolved in 1994 and succeeded by the Italian Socialists (who formed the Italian Democratic Socialists in 1998 and resumed as the Italian Socialist Party PSI in 2007).
 Italy Italian Democratic Socialist Party PSDI Party merged into the Italian Democratic Socialists in 1998 (renamed into Italian Socialist Party PSI in 2007).
 Japan Democratic Socialist Party Minsha-tō Admitted as SI member in 1961.[161] Merged with non-socialist movements to form the New Frontier Party in 1994.
 Jordan Jordanian Democratic Party of the Left JDPL Admitted as observer member in 2003.[34]
 Kyrgyzstan Ata Meken Socialist Party[162] Admitted as observer member in 2008.[59]
 Latvia Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party[163] LSDSP Full member since 1994.[163] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28]
Delisted in December 2014.
 Latvia Social Democratic Party "Harmony" SDPS Admitted as consultative member in June/July 2014.[47] Withdrew in 2017.
 Luxembourg Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party[164][165] LSAP/POSL Full member since 1951.[165] Delisted in 2018 for non-payment of membership fees.
 North Macedonia Social Democratic Union of Macedonia[166][167][168] SDSM Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 2003.[34][168] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Madagascar Party for National Unity VITM Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[54]
 Malaysia Democratic Action Party[169][136] DAP Full member since 1987.[136] Delisted in 2017.[169]
 Malta Labour Party[170] PL Full member since 1955.[170] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Mexico Party of the Democratic Revolution[171] PRD Admitted as full member in 1996.[39][171]
 Moldova Social Democratic Party of Moldova PSDM Admitted as observer member in 1996.[39]
 Namibia Congress of Democrats CoD Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Netherlands Labour Party[172] PvdA Decided to minimise involvement in SI in December 2012.[173] Delisted in December 2014.
 New Zealand New Zealand Labour Party[133] NZLP Member since 1952.[133] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
NicaraguaNicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front FSLN Expelled in January 2019 because of violation of human rights during the Nicaraguan protests
 Nigeria All Progressives Congress[112] APC Admitted as consultative member in December 2014.[83]
 North Vietnam Vietnamese Socialist Party[174] Consultative member between 1955 and 1969.[174]
 Norway Labour Party[175][176] DNA Member since 1951.[176] Withdrew in 2016.
 Paraguay Party for a Country of Solidarity[177] PPS Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Paraguay Revolutionary Febrerista Party[178][179] PRF Admitted as full member in the 1970s.[179]
 Philippines Akbayan Citizens' Action Party AKBAYAN Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34]
 Poland Democratic Left Alliance[180][181] SLD Full member since 1996.[181] Withdrew in 2017.
 Poland Labour Union[182] UP Admitted as full member in 1996.[39][182] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28]
Delisted in December 2014.
 Poland Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland SdRP Admitted as full member in 1996.[39] Absorbed into the Democratic Left Alliance in 1999.
 Romania Democratic Party PD Admitted as consultative member in 1996.[39] Promoted to full member in 1999.[33] Merged with the Liberal Democratic Party to form the Democratic Liberal Party.
 Russia Social Democratic Party of Russia SDPR Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34]
 Saint Lucia Progressive Labour Party Expelled in 1992.[38]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party SKNLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Labour Party SLP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent Labour Party SVGLP Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[54] Merged with the Movement for National Unity in 1994 to form the Unity Labour Party.
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Unity Labour Party ULP Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Serbia Democratic Party[183] DS Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
 Serbia Social Democratic Party[183] SDP Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Promoted to full member in 2008.[59]
Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Ceased to exist in 2009[183]
 Singapore People's Action Party PAP Resigned in 1976 due to Dutch concerns over suppression of free speech.
 Slovakia Party of the Democratic Left SDĽ Admitted as full member in 1996.[39] Merged with Direction – Social Democracy in 2005.
 Slovakia Social Democratic Party of Slovakia SDSS Admitted as full member in 1992.[38] Merged with Direction – Social Democracy in 2005.
 Slovenia Slovenian Democratic Party SDS Admitted (as the Social Democratic Party of Slovenia) as observer member in 1992.[38]
 Slovenia Social Democrats[184] SD Admitted (as United List of Social Democrats) as full member in 1996.[39][184] Demoted to observer member in 2012 due to non-payment of membership fees.[28] Delisted in December 2014.
 Sweden Swedish Social Democratic Party SAP Withdrew in March 2017.[185][186]
 Switzerland Social Democratic Party of Switzerland[187] SP/PS Withdrew in 2017.
 Tanzania Chama Cha Mapinduzi CCM Admitted as full member in 2013.
 Timor-Leste Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor FRETILIN Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34]
 Tunisia Constitutional Democratic Rally[52] RCD Admitted as full member in 1989.[54] Full member since 1993.[52] Expelled in January 2011.[16]
 Tunisia Popular Unity Movement MUP Admitted as consultative member in 1989.[54]
 Turkey Democratic Left Party DSP Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[53] Expelled in 1992.[38]
 Turkey Democratic People's Party DEHAP Admitted as observer member in 2003.[34] Merged with the Democratic Society Movement to form the Democratic Society Party which in turn was succeeded by the Peace and Democracy Party.
 Turkey Social Democracy Party[129] SODEP Full member since 1990.[129] Merged with the Republican People's Party in 1995.[129]
 Turkey Social Democratic Populist Party SHP Admitted as consultative member in 1986.[53] Promoted to full member in 1989.[54] Merged with the Republican People's Party in 1995.
 Ukraine Socialist Party of Ukraine SPU Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34] Expelled in July 2011.[188]
 United States Democratic Socialists of America DSA Had been a member of SI since founding in 1982, withdrew in August 2017.[189]
 United States Social Democrats, USA[184] SDUSA Member since 1972.[184] Withdrew in 2005.
 Uruguay Party for the Government of the People PGP Admitted as consultative member in 1992.[38] Merged with the Colorado Party in 1994.
 Uruguay Socialist Party of Uruguay[190] PSUA Admitted as full member in 1999.[33][190] Withdrew in 2017.[191]
 Venezuela For Social Democracy PODEMOS Admitted as consultative member in 2008.[59]
 Venezuela Movement for Socialism MAS Admitted as consultative member in 2003.[34]
 Zambia Patriotic Front PF Admitted as consultative member in 2013.[134]
 Zimbabwe Movement for Democratic Change MDC Admitted as full member in 2008.[59] Delisted in 2017.

Fraternal organisations

Associated organisations

Column-generating template families

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"columns-start" Yes Yes {{columns-start}} {{column}} {{columns-end}}
Columns "div col" Yes Yes {{div col}} – {{div col end}}
"columns-list" No Yes {{columns-list}} (wraps div col) – –
Flexbox "flex columns" No Yes {{flex columns}} – –
Table "col" Yes No {{col-begin}},
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See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Statutes of the Socialist International". Socialist International.
  2. ^ "Finances of the International". Socialist International.
  3. ^ "About Us". Socialist International.
  4. ^ a b "Presidium". Socialist International.
  5. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 176.
  6. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. xxiv.
  7. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. xxv.
  8. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 302.
  9. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 52.
  10. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 77.
  11. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 177.
  12. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 197.
  13. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 320.
  14. ^ The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of South America, Routledge, 1989
  15. ^ Väänänen, Pentti (2012). Purppuraruusu ja samettinyrkki (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Kellastupa. pp. 192–194. ISBN 9789525787115.
  16. ^ a b "SI decision on Tunisia". Socialist International. 17 January 2011.
  17. ^ a b "Letter to the General Secretary of the National Democratic Party, NDP Egypt" (PDF). Socialist International. 31 January 2011.
  18. ^ a b "SI Presidium addresses situation in Côte d'Ivoire". Socialist International. 19 March 2011.
  19. ^ "Statutes". Socialist International. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  20. ^ Bruderzwist unter Sozialisten - Politik - Süddeutsche.de. Sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved on 15 July 2013.
  21. ^ Progressive Alliance: Sozialdemokraten gründen weltweites Netzwerk - SPIEGEL ONLINE. Spiegel.de (22 May 2013). Retrieved on 2013-07-15.
  22. ^ Sozialdemokratie: „Progressive Alliance“ gegründet - Politik. FAZ. Retrieved on 15 July 2013.
  23. ^ Template:De icon Sozialistische Internationale hat ausgedient: SPD gründet "Progressive Alliance". n-tv.de. Retrieved on 15 July 2013.
  24. ^ "SPD will Sozialistischer Internationale den Geldhahn zudrehen und den Mitgliedsbeitrag nicht zahlen – SPIEGEL ONLINE". Der Spiegel. 22 January 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  25. ^ Sigmar Gabriel (3 February 2011). "Gastbeitrag: Keine Kumpanei mit Despoten | Meinung – Frankfurter Rundschau" (in German). Fr-online.de. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  26. ^ a b Les enfants cachés du Général Pinochet. Précis de Coups d'État Modernes et autres tentatives de déstabilisation. Éditions Don Quichotte. 2015. pp. 613–614.
  27. ^ "Honorary Presidents of the Socialist International". Socialist International.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Member Parties". Socialist International.
  29. ^ a b c "Social Democratic Parties". Broad Left. 1 June 2005.
  30. ^ "Key Political Parties in Albania". Balkan Insight.
  31. ^ "Albania". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  32. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 323.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "XXI Congress of the Socialist International, Paris - Decisions of the Congress Regarding Membership". Socialist International.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq "XXII Congress of the Socialist International, São Paulo - Decisions of the Congress Regarding Membership". Socialist International.
  35. ^ "FFS (Socialist Forces Front)". European Institute for Research on Euro-Arab Co-operation. Archived from the original on 10 May 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  36. ^ "Algeria". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 24 January 2014.
  37. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 319.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae "XIX Congress of the Socialist International, Berlin - Decisions on Membership of the Socialist International". Socialist International.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an "XX Congress of the Socialist International, New York - Congress Decisions Regarding Membership". Socialist International.
  40. ^ "Benvinguts" (in Catalan). Social Democratic Party (Andorra).
  41. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 311.
  42. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 270.
  43. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 286.
  44. ^ "In the Socialist International". Armenian Revolutionary Federation. 22 December 2009.
  45. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 37.
  46. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 44.
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h "SI Council Meeting in Mexico City". Socialist International.
  48. ^ a b "SI Member Parties in Government". www.socialistinternational.org. Socialist International. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  49. ^ a b c d e f g h "Meeting of the SI Council in Luanda, Angola 27-28 November 2015". Socialist International.
  50. ^ "L'Action Internationale" (in French). Parti Socialiste (Belgium).
  51. ^ "Bosnia Herzegovina". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 9 September 2015.
  52. ^ a b c d e Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 101.
  53. ^ a b c d e f "XVII Congress of the Socialist International, Lima - Decisions on Membership of the Socialist International". Socialist International.
  54. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "XVIII Congress of the Socialist International, Stockholm - Decisions on Membership of the Socialist International". Socialist International.
  55. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 67.
  56. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 68.
  57. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 307.
  58. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 25.
  59. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z "XXIII Congress of the Socialist International, Athens - Decisions of the Congress Regarding Membership". Socialist International.
  60. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 265.
  61. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 314.
  62. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 325.
  63. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 211.
  64. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 245.
  65. ^ "Croatia". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  66. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 312.
  67. ^ "Movement for Social Democracy". Movement for Social Democracy.
  68. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 308.
  69. ^ "Our Party". Czech Social Democratic Party. Archived from the original on 13 August 2012.
  70. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 95.
  71. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 108.
  72. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 87.
  73. ^ "L'internationale socialiste" (in French). Socialist Party (France). Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  74. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 262.
  75. ^ "Attack on President Condé an assault on democracy". Socialist International. 19 July 2011.
  76. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 148.
  77. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 351.
  78. ^ "Meeting of the SI Council at the United Nations in Geneva". Socialist International. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  79. ^ "A Magyar Szocialista Párt…" (in Hungarian). Hungarian Socialist Party. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  80. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 158.
  81. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 156.
  82. ^ Gabriel Sheffer (1993). Innovative Leaders in International Politics. SUNY Press. p. 202. ISBN 978-0-7914-1520-7. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
  83. ^ a b c d e f "Meeting of the SI Council at the United Nations in Geneva". Socialist International.
  84. ^ "International Solidarity". Labour Party (Ireland). 5 May 2004.
  85. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 180.
  86. ^ a b "Israel". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 15 January 2015.
  87. ^ "Israel's Labor party quits Socialist International after it adopts BDS - BDS - Jerusalem Post".
  88. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 271.
  89. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 186.
  90. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "XXIV Congress of the Socialist International, Cape Town - Decisions on Membership". Socialist International.
  91. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 283.
  92. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 214.
  93. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 29.
  94. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 230.
  95. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 229.
  96. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 167.
  97. ^ "Moldova". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 5 April 2015.
  98. ^ "Party History". Mongolian People's Party.
  99. ^ a b c d e Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 238.
  100. ^ a b "Montenegro". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 18 April 2005.
  101. ^ "Socijalistička internacionala" (in Montenegrin). Social Democratic Party of Montenegro. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014.
  102. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 313.
  103. ^ "Relations internationales" (in French). Socialist Union of Popular Forces. Archived from the original on 15 November 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  104. ^ "Morocco". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014.
  105. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 328.
  106. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 132.
  107. ^ "Introduction". Nepali Congress.
  108. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 250.
  109. ^ a b c d Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 267.
  110. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 261.
  111. ^ "Fatah becomes member of Socialist International". Ma'an News Agency. 2 July 2011.
  112. ^ a b c "Palestinian Territories". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. Archived from the original on 3 June 2009.
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  114. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 273.
  115. ^ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 280.
  116. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 285.
  117. ^ "Afiliere internationala" (in Romanian). Social Democratic Party (Romania). Archived from the original on 16 April 2013.
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  124. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 107.
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  126. ^ a b Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 336.
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  132. ^ "Nuevo Espacio" (in Spanish). New Space (Uruguay). Archived from the original on 29 July 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
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  191. ^ Internacional Socialista se reunió en Uruguay con preocupacion por lo que ocurra en Venezuela - El Observador, 18 May 2018
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  194. ^ "Socialist International Women". Socialist International Women.

References

Further reading

External links

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