1936: Difference between revisions

1936 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1936; MCMXXXVI
Ab urbe condita	2689
Armenian calendar	1385; ԹՎ ՌՅՁԵ
Assyrian calendar	6686
Baháʼí calendar	92–93
Balinese saka calendar	1857–1858
Bengali calendar	1343
Berber calendar	2886
British Regnal year	26 Geo. 5 – 1 Edw. 8 – 1 Geo. 6
Buddhist calendar	2480
Burmese calendar	1298
Byzantine calendar	7444–7445
Chinese calendar	乙亥年 (Wood Pig); 4633 or 4426; — to —; 丙子年 (Fire Rat); 4634 or 4427
Coptic calendar	1652–1653
Discordian calendar	3102
Ethiopian calendar	1928–1929
Hebrew calendar	5696–5697
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1992–1993
- Shaka Samvat	1857–1858
- Kali Yuga	5036–5037
Holocene calendar	11936
Igbo calendar	936–937
Iranian calendar	1314–1315
Islamic calendar	1354–1355
Japanese calendar	Shōwa 11; (昭和１１年)
Javanese calendar	1866–1867
Juche calendar	25
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4269
Minguo calendar	ROC 25; 民國25年
Nanakshahi calendar	468
Thai solar calendar	2478–2479
Tibetan calendar	阴木猪年; (female Wood-Pig); 2062 or 1681 or 909; — to —; 阳火鼠年; (male Fire-Rat); 2063 or 1682 or 910

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	19th century; 20th century ; 21st century;
Decades:	1910s; 1920s; 1930s ; 1940s; 1950s;
Years:	1933; 1934; 1935; 1936 ; 1937; 1938; 1939;

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Revision as of 20:25, 4 June 2020

1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1936th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 936th year of the 2nd millennium, the 36th year of the 20th century, and the 7th year of the 1930s decade.

Events

January

January 4
- England celebrates its first ever win over the All Blacks in rugby union, in particular the two famous tries by "The Prince" HH Alexander Obolensky.
- Billboard magazine in the United States publishes its first music hit parade.
January 11 – I Wanna Play House marks the first Warner Bros. cartoon with a "target".
January 20 – On the death of King George V of the United Kingdom, his eldest son succeeds to the throne as King Edward VIII. The title Prince of Wales is not used for another 22 years.
January 31 – The Green Hornet radio show debuts in Detroit, Michigan.

February

February – John Maynard Keynes's book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money is published in the UK.
February 4 – Radium E (bismuth-210) becomes the first radioactive element to be made synthetically.
February 5 – Japanese Baseball League, the first professional baseball league in Asia, is founded (as predecessor of Nippon Professional Baseball).^{[citation needed]}
February 6
- The IV Olympic Winter Games open in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
- Japanese office machine and digital camera brand, Ricoh has founded.^{[page needed]}
February 10–19 – Second Italo-Ethiopian War – Battle of Amba Aradam: Italian forces gain a decisive tactical victory, effectively neutralizing the army of the Ethiopian Empire.
February 16 – 1936 Spanish general election: The left-wing Popular Front coalition takes a majority.
February 17
- The first superhero to wear a skin-tight costume and mask, The Phantom, makes his first appearance in U.S. newspapers.
- Ansett Australia is founded by Reg Ansett.
February 26 – February 26 Incident (二・二六事件, Niniroku Jiken): The Imperial Way Faction engineers a failed coup against the Japanese government; some politicians are killed.
February 29 – Emperor Hirohito orders the Japanese army to arrest 123 conspirators in Tokyo government offices; 19 of them are executed in July.

March

March 1 – Construction of Hoover Dam is completed in the United States.
March 7 – In violation of the Treaty of Versailles and Locarno Treaties, Nazi Germany reoccupies the Rhineland.^[1]^[2] Hitler and other Nazis admit that the French army alone could have destroyed the Wehrmacht.^[3]
March 9 – Pro-democratic militarist Keisuke Okada steps down as Prime Minister of Japan, and is replaced by radical militarist Kōki Hirota.
March 17–18 – Pittsburgh Flood of 1936 ("Saint Patrick's Day Flood"): Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, suffers the worst flooding in its history.
March 26 – The longest game in the history of the National Hockey League is played, when the Montreal Maroons and Detroit Red Wings go scoreless until 16 and a half minutes into the sixth OT, when Mud Bruneteau ends it at 2:25 in the morning.

April

April 3 – Richard Hauptmann, convicted of the Lindbergh kidnapping and murder in 1932, is executed by electrocution in New Jersey State Prison.
April 5 – A tornado hits Tupelo, Mississippi, killing 216 and injuring over 700 (the 4th deadliest tornado in U.S. history).
April 6 – Two tornadoes strike Gainesville, Georgia. The smaller tornado hits north Gainesville, the stronger tornado the west side of town; 203 die and 1,600 are injured, in the 5th deadliest tornado in U.S. history.
April 11 – Billy Butlin opens his first Butlins holiday camp, Butlins Skegness, in Skegness (Ingoldmells), Lincolnshire, England.^[4] It is officially opened by Amy Johnson of Hull (the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia).
April 15 – The Tulkarm shooting begins the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine against the British government, and opposition to Jewish immigration.

May

May 2 – Peter and the Wolf, a Russian fairy tale of Sergei Prokofiev's composition, debuts at the Nezlobin Theater in Moscow, Soviet Union.
May 5 – March of the Iron Will: Italian forces occupy Addis Ababa unopposed.
May 7 – Italy annexes Ethiopia.
May 9 – Italian East Africa is formed from the Italian territories of Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland.
May 12 – The Santa Fe railroad in the United States inaugurates the all-Pullman Super Chief passenger train, between Chicago and Los Angeles.
May 25 – The Remington Rand strike of 1936–37 begins, spawning the notorious Mohawk Valley formula, a corporate plan for strikebreaking.
May 27
- The first flight by the Irish airline Aer Lingus takes place.
- British luxury liner RMS Queen Mary leaves Southampton on her maiden voyage across the Atlantic.
May 28 – Alan Turing submits his paper "On Computable Numbers" to the London Mathematical Society for publication, introducing the concept of the Turing machine. It is formally published on November 12.

June

June
- A major heat wave strikes North America; high temperature records are set, and thousands die.
- The first production model PCC streetcar, built by St. Louis Car Company, is placed in service by Pittsburgh Railways.
June 7
- The general strike in France is ended by the Matignon Agreements.
- The Steel Workers Organizing Committee is founded in the United States.
June 10 – Margaret Mitchell's epic historical romance Gone with the Wind is first published in the United States.
June 15 – An army ammunition depot explosion kills 60 in Männiku, Estonia.
June 19 – Max Schmeling knocks out Joe Louis in the 12th round of their heavyweight boxing match, at Yankee Stadium in New York City.
June 19 – Per Albin Hansson resigns as Prime Minister of Sweden, over the issue of defence policy. He is replaced by the leader of the Farmer's League (Bondeförbundet) Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp, whom also becomes Minister of Agriculture.
June 19 – The total solar eclipse of June 19, 1936 is visible in Greece, Turkey, Russia and Japan. It is part of Solar Saros 126; Gamma is a value of 0.53889.
June 26 – Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first fully controllable helicopter, makes its maiden flight.
June 29 – The United States Maritime Commission is formed.

.

July

July 4 – First publication recognizing stress as a biological condition.^[5]^[6]
July 11 – The Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic (the bridge is renamed Robert F. Kennedy Bridge in 2008).
July 13 – 14 – Peak of July 1936 heat wave: The U.S. states of Wisconsin, Michigan, and Indiana all set new state records for high temperature. At Mio in northern Michigan, it soars to 113 °F (45 °C).
July 17 – The Spanish Army of Africa launches a coup d'état against the Second Spanish Republic, beginning the Spanish Civil War.
July 20 – The Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits is signed in Montreux, allowing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.

August

File:1936 berlin logo.jpg

1936 Summer Olympics

August 1 – The 1936 Summer Olympics open in Berlin, Germany, and mark the first live television coverage of a sports event in world history (John Logie Baird had previously broadcast the Derby horse race in Britain in 1931).
August 3 – 1936 Summer Olympics: African-American athlete Jesse Owens wins the 100-meter dash.
August 4 – A self-coup is staged by Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas, marking the beginning of the authoritarian 4th of August Regime, which will rule Greece until the Axis occupation of Greece in 1941.
August 14
- Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky, in the last public execution in the United States
- 1936 Summer Olympics: The United States men's national basketball team wins the first Olympic basketball tournament in the final game over Canada, 19–8.
August 19 – The first of the Moscow Trials begins in the Soviet Union.
August 26 – The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 is signed.
August 30
- Ernest Nash flees Germany for Rome.
- President Franklin D. Roosevelt attends the dedication of Thomas Jefferson's head, at Mount Rushmore.

September

September 4–5 – English-born aviator Beryl Markham becomes the first woman to make an east-to-west solo transatlantic flight, from Abingdon-on-Thames, England, to Baleine, Nova Scotia.
September 5 – Spanish Civil War: Robert Capa's photograph The Falling Soldier is taken.
September 7 – The last known thylacine ("Tasmanian tiger"), named Benjamin, dies in Hobart Zoo in Tasmania.
September 9
- 1936 Naval Revolt (Portugal): The crews of Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and destroyer Dão mutiny while anchored in Lisbon Harbour. Opposed to the Salazar dictatorship's support of General Franco's coup in Spain, they declare their solidarity with the Spanish Republic.^[7]
- The Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence is signed.
September 10 – The first World Speedway Championship is held at Wembley Stadium in London, England. It is won by Australian Lionel Van Praag, with Englishman Eric Langton second and Australian Bluey Wilkinson third.
September 12 – The Walt Disney animated short Donald and Pluto is released. It is the only installment of the Mickey Mouse series where Mickey Mouse does not appear.
September 14 - Raoul Villain, assassin of French Socialist Jean Jaures, is himself killed by Spanish Republicans in Ibiza.
September 28 – After the election to the Swedish Riksdag's second chamber, Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp and his "Holiday Cabinet" ("Semesterregeringen") resign (though he remains as Minister of Agriculture) and Per Albin Hansson returns as Prime Minister, staying in office until his death from a heart attack in 1946.

October

October
- Joseph Stalin's Great Purge begins in the Soviet Union.
- The Mästermyr chest is discovered in the Mästermyr mire (after which it is later named), west of Hemse, on the island of Gotland, Sweden.
October 11 – Earl Bascom, rodeo cowboy and artist, designs and builds Mississippi's first permanent rodeo arena at Columbia, Mississippi.
October 19 – H.R. Ekins, reporter for the New York World-Telegram, wins a race to travel around the world on commercial airline flights, beating Dorothy Kilgallen of the New York Journal and Leo Kieran of The New York Times. The flight takes 181⁄2 days.
October 25 – The Rome-Berlin Axis is formed.
October 29 – The historic Uptown Theater (Washington, D.C.) opens.

November

November 2
- The BBC launches the world's first regular (then) high-definition television service.
- The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) begins radio in Canada.
November 3 – U.S. presidential election, 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt is reelected to a second term, in a landslide victory over Kansas Governor Alf Landon; farmers support Roosevelt.
November 9 – American fashion designer Ruth Harkness encounters and captures a nine-week-old panda cub in Sichuan, China; it becomes the first live giant panda to enter the United States.
November 12 – In California, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge opens to traffic.
November 20 – A levee failure and continued massive rain at the Mitsubishi Osarizawa mine, Kazuno, northeastern Akita, Japan, results in at least 375 deaths.
November 23 – Cover date of the first issue of Life, a weekly news magazine launched in the United States under the management of Henry Luce.
November 25 – The Anti-Comintern Pact is signed by Germany and Japan.
November 30 – A spectacular fire destroys The Crystal Palace in London, originally built for the 1851 Great Exhibition.

December

December 1 – Hitler mandates that all German boys aged 10 to 18 join the Hitler Youth paramilitary organization.
December 3 – Radio station WQXR is officially founded in New York City.
December 5 – The 1936 Soviet Constitution, promulgated by Stalin, is adopted in the Soviet Union. The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic is dissolved, and Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia become full Republics of the Soviet Union.
December 10 – Edward VIII abdication crisis: King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom signs an instrument of abdication at Fort Belvedere, Surrey in the presence of his three brothers, The Duke of York, The Duke of Gloucester and The Duke of Kent.
December 11 – Edward VIII abdication crisis:
- The British Parliament passes His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936 on behalf of the U.K., Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. The King performs his last act as sovereign by giving Royal Assent to the Act, and his brother Prince Albert, Duke of York, becomes King, reigning as King George VI.
- The abdicated King Edward VIII, now HRH Prince Edward, makes a broadcast to the nation explaining his decision to abdicate. He leaves the country for Austria.
- Taking the opportunity to free itself further from ties to the United Kingdom, the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State passes the Constitution (Amendment No. 27) Act 1936, removing most powers from the office of Governor-General of the Irish Free State, and the Executive Authority (External Relations) Act 1936 (signed into law December 12), assenting to the abdication and restricting the power of the monarch in relation to Ireland to international affairs.
December 12 – Xi'an Incident: Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China is kidnapped by Marshal Zhang Xueliang.
December 23 – Colombia signs the Buenos Aires Copyright Treaty.
December 24 – The first filmed Russian opera, Natalka Poltavka, is released in Ukraine.
December 26 – The Abraham Lincoln Brigade sails from New York City on its way to the Spanish Civil War.
December 30 – The United Auto Workers begins the Flint Sit-Down Strike in Flint, Michigan.

Date unknown

West China Famine: An estimated five million people die.^[8]
The YMCA Youth and Government program is founded in Albany, New York.
Cocoa production in the Gold Coast reaches 305,000 tons.