Angel wings

Angel wings
	Faworki
Main ingredients	Dough, powdered sugar
	Media: Angel wings;

Angel wings are a traditional sweet crisp pastry made out of dough that has been shaped into thin twisted ribbons, deep-fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar. The cookies, which originated in Ancient Roman cuisine, are found in several traditional European cuisines. Angel wings are known by many other names and have been incorporated into other regional cuisines (such as American cuisine) by immigrant populations. They are most commonly eaten in the period just before Lent, often during Carnival and on Fat Thursday, the last Thursday before Lent – not to be confused with "Fat Tuesday" (Mardi Gras), the day before the start of Lent (Ash Wednesday). There is a tradition in some countries for husbands to give angel wings to their wives on Friday the 13th in order to avoid bad luck.

Ingredients

Ingredients used in the preparation of angel wings typically includes flour, water, egg yolk, confectioners' sugar, rectified spirit or rum, vanilla and salt.

Alternate names

In the various national cuisines, angel wings are referred to as:

Belarusian: хрушчы (chruščy) or фаворкі (favorki)
Bulgarian: фаворки
Chile: calzones rotos
Czech: boží milosti
Croatian: krostole
Danish: klejner
French: bugnes, merveilles
German: Fasnachtschüechli, Raderkuchen, Mutzenblätter
Greek: diples (δίπλες)
Hungarian: csöröge fánk
Italian: bugìe ("Lies"), cénci ("Rags"), chiàcchiere ("Chatter"), cròstoli, fràppe, galàni, gróstoli, sfràppole
Latvian - žagariņi, cūkausīši
Lithuanian: žagarėliai
Maltese: xkunvat
Polish: faworki, chruścik, chruściki, chrust, chrusty,
Portuguese: orelha de gato, cueca virada, filhós, coscorão, cavaquinho, grostoli (Southern Brazil)
Romanian: minciunele, uscatele, regionally: cirighele
Russian: хворост (khvorost)
Slovenian: flancati
Slovak: fánka^[1], čeregi
Spain: pestiños
Swedish: klenäter
Ukrainian: вергуни (verhuny)
Yiddish: חרוסט

Variants

Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, angel wings are called kukurini, and are only found in Bansko, south-east Bulgaria. They are typically sprinkled with powdered sugar.

France

In France, the fried pastry are made in central-eastern France, including Lyon and Saint-Étienne, and are closely related to beignets. Traditionally, Lyon cold meat shops sold bugnes just before Lent, due to their high fat content.^{[citation needed]} They are also made in the home as a way of using surplus cooking fat, which would be wasted during Lent. More recently, bakeries make them, respecting more or less the tradition of Lent.

French bugnes varieties include crunchy bugnes and soft bugnes. The crunchy variety, known as bugnes lyonnaises ("Lyon bugnes"), are cooked in very hot oil with the dough spread out thinly and knotted once or twice. The soft variety, sometimes known as "pillows", are made with a thicker dough, which is rarely knotted.

Hungary

Hungarian csöröge are made from egg yolk, flour, a leavening agent, sugar, salt and cognac or brandy. They are deep fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar. They are traditional at weddings.

Italy

Italian cenci, "frappe", "bugie" or chiacchiere are eaten at Carnival time. Their various regional names include: frappe (a name shared with similar treats) in [[Rome]] and Lazio; sfrappole in Emilia Romagna; bugie in Genoa and Piedmont; and galani or crostoli in Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, especially in Trieste. Fritte and many other regional names exist. Regional variations in the recipe include sprinkling with orange zest or using anisette wine as the alcoholic base. It is very common in Italian families to make them at home. They often accompany the similarly-famous "castagnole"

Poland

Chruściki, chrusty, and faworki are the plural forms of the words chruścik, chrust, and faworek, respectively.

The Polish word faworki was the name reserved for colourful ribbons attached to either female or male clothing, especially ribbons given to medieval knights by their ladies. Etymologically the word faworki came to Poland from the French word faveur, meaning 'grace' or 'favour'.

The Polish word chrust means 'dry branches broken off trees' or 'brushwood'.^[2] Chruścik is a diminutive of chrust.

Ukraine

File:Verhuny.jpg

Verhuny

Verhuny are sweet cookies, fried in lard, which have the form of oblong strips. Verhuny are a Ukrainian confectionery with non-yeast dough, which includes flour, butter, eggs, sugar and additives such as alcohol (rum, brandy or horilka) or, in extreme cases, vinegar (vinegar sometimes together with alcohol). As substitute for butter, but more often as an additional component in verhuny, milk products (milk, smetana i.e. sour cream, or cream) are added. Traditionally, Ukrainian verhuny should only be fried in lard.

United States

In the United States, many ethnic bakeries in the cities of Cleveland, Chicago, Buffalo, and Detroit make angel wings, and they are especially popular during the holidays of Easter and Christmas. During those holidays, some bakeries require people to pre-order their angel wings.

References

^ Slavic dictionary (Slovak). Retrieved June 5, 2010.
^ chrust Polish online dictionary (Polish). Retrieved November 25, 2009.

[1] Slavic dictionary (Slovak). Retrieved June 5, 2010.

[2] rust Polish online dictionary (Polish). Retrieved November 25, 2009.

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