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Actors: Fred Astaire; Amitabh Bachchan; Humphrey Bogart; Marlon Brando; James Cagney; Sean Connery; Gary Cooper; Robert De Niro; Gérard Depardieu; Johnny Depp; Guru Dutt; Clint Eastwood; Henry Fonda; Clark Gable; John Gielgud; Cary Grant; Alec Guinness; Tom Hanks; Harrison Ford; Kamal Haasan; Shintaro Katsu; Buster Keaton; Gene Kelly; Klaus Kinski; Jean Marais; Marcello Mastroianni; Toshiro Mifune; Jack Nicholson; Laurence Olivier; Peter O'Toole; Gregory Peck; Brad Pitt; Sidney Poitier; Rajinikanth; James Stewart; Spencer Tracy; John Wayne
Actresses: Isabelle Adjani; Julie Andrews; Lauren Bacall; Ingrid Bergman; Sarah Bernhardt; Claudette Colbert; Joan Crawford; Bette Davis; Doris Day; Judi Dench; Marlene Dietrich; Carrie Fisher; Greta Garbo; Judy Garland; Lillian Gish; Setsuko Hara; Rita Hayworth; Audrey Hepburn; Katharine Hepburn; Grace Kelly; Vivien Leigh; Sophia Loren; Madhubala; Marilyn Monroe; Jeanne Moreau; Mary Pickford; Ginger Rogers; Barbara Stanwyck; Meryl Streep; Elizabeth Taylor; Shirley Temple; Ellen Terry; Mae West
Dancers and choreographers - Ballet: Mikhail Baryshnikov; Margot Fonteyn; Vaslav Nijinsky; Rudolf Nureyev; Anna Pavlova; Marius Petipa
Dancers and choreographers - Modern: Josephine Baker; Isadora Duncan; Bob Fosse; Martha Graham
Comedians: Lucille Ball; Lenny Bruce; Carol Burnett; George Carlin; Peter Cook; Bill Cosby; Louis de Funès; Laurel and Hardy; Marx Brothers; Monty Python; Richard Pryor; Robin Williams
Hosts and performers: Johnny Carson; Harry Houdini; David Letterman; Marcel Marceau; Conan O'Brien; Ed Sullivan
Western painters and illustrators - Medieval Era: Giotto; Hieronymus Bosch; Jan van Eyck
Western painters and illustrators - Renaissance to early modern period: Sandro Botticelli; Caravaggio; Jacques-Louis David; Albrecht Dürer; Thomas Gainsborough; El Greco; Francisco Goya; William Hogarth; Leonardo da Vinci; Masaccio; Nicolas Poussin; Raphael; Rembrandt; Peter Paul Rubens; Titian; Diego Velázquez; Johannes Vermeer
Western painters and illustrators - Modern Era: Paul Cézanne; Marc Chagall; Salvador Dalí; Edgar Degas; Eugène Delacroix; Marcel Duchamp; Thomas Eakins; Paul Gauguin; Vincent van Gogh; Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres; Frida Kahlo; Wassily Kandinsky; Paul Klee; René Magritte; Édouard Manet; Franz Marc; Henri Matisse; Joan Miró; Piet Mondrian; Claude Monet; Alphonse Mucha; Edvard Munch; Georgia O'Keeffe; Pablo Picasso; Jackson Pollock; Frederic Remington; Pierre-Auguste Renoir; Gerhard Richter; Diego Rivera; Henri Rousseau; John Singer Sargent; Georges Seurat; Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec; J. M. W. Turner; Andy Warhol; James Abbott McNeill Whistler
Cartoonists, comics artists, and illustrators: Aubrey Beardsley; M. C. Escher; Will Eisner; Jean Giraud; Hergé; Jack Kirby; Winsor McCay; Norman Rockwell; Dr. Seuss; Osamu Tezuka
Sculptors: Gian Lorenzo Bernini; Joseph Beuys; Constantin Brâncuși; Donatello; Alberto Giacometti; Michelangelo; Henry Moore; Auguste Rodin
Architects: Alvar Aalto; Tadao Ando; Filippo Brunelleschi; Le Corbusier; Buckminster Fuller; Antoni Gaudí; Frank Gehry; Walter Gropius; Zaha Hadid; Imhotep; Philip Johnson; Louis Kahn; Ludwig Mies van der Rohe; Oscar Niemeyer; Andrea Palladio; I. M. Pei; Mimar Sinan; Louis Sullivan; Vitruvius; Christopher Wren; Frank Lloyd Wright
Designers: Marcel Breuer; Coco Chanel; Charles and Ray Eames; Raymond Loewy
Photographers: Ansel Adams; Henri Cartier-Bresson; Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky; Man Ray; Edward Weston
Instrument makers: Antonio Stradivari
Urban planners: Georges-Eugène Haussmann; Robert Moses; Frederick Law Olmsted
Non-Western traditions: Hokusai; Hiroshige; Kanō Masanobu; Sesshū Tōyō; Shitao; Wang Xizhi
Writers - Ancient - Asia: Kālidāsa; Qu Yuan
Writers - Ancient - Europe: Aeschylus; Aesop; Aristophanes; Catullus; Euripides; Homer; Horace; Lucian; Menander; Ovid; Plutarch; Sappho; Sophocles; Virgil; Xenophon
Writers - Post classical - Asia: Bhavabhuti; Du Fu; Ferdowsi; Hafez; Han Yu; Jami; Kabir; Omar Khayyam; Amir Khusrow; Li Bai; Luo Guanzhong; Meera; Murasaki Shikibu; Nizami Ganjavi; Abu Nuwas; Ouyang Xiu; Rudaki; Rumi; Saadi Shirazi; Su Shi; Wang Wei (8th-century poet)
Writers - Post classical - Europe: Dante Alighieri; Giovanni Boccaccio; Geoffrey Chaucer; Chrétien de Troyes; Christine de Pizan; Hildegard of Bingen; Petrarch; François Villon
Writers - Early Modern period - Asia: Fuzûlî; Matsuo Bashō; Mir Taqi Mir; Tukaram; Tulsidas; Wu Cheng'en
Writers - Early Modern period - Europe: Pedro Calderón de la Barca; Luís de Camões; Miguel de Cervantes; Pierre Corneille; Daniel Defoe; Gavrila Derzhavin; John Donne; John Dryden; Samuel Johnson; Ben Jonson; Christopher Marlowe; John Milton; Michel de Montaigne; Thomas More; Molière; Nostradamus; François Rabelais; Jean Racine; William Shakespeare; Edmund Spenser; Jonathan Swift; Lope de Vega
Writers - Modern - Africa: Chinua Achebe; Ben Okri; Naguib Mahfouz; Wole Soyinka; Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o; J. M. Coetzee; Nadine Gordimer
Writers - Modern - Americas: Maya Angelou; Isaac Asimov; Margaret Atwood; Saul Bellow; Ray Bradbury; Bill Bryson; Raymond Chandler; Philip K. Dick; Emily Dickinson; T. S. Eliot; Ralph Waldo Emerson; William Faulkner; F. Scott Fitzgerald; Robert Frost; Allen Ginsberg; Dashiell Hammett; Nathaniel Hawthorne; Robert A. Heinlein; Ernest Hemingway; Langston Hughes; Henry James; Jack Kerouac; Stephen King; Ursula K. Le Guin; Jack London; H. P. Lovecraft; Herman Melville; Arthur Miller; Toni Morrison; Vladimir Nabokov; Sylvia Plath; Edgar Allan Poe; Ezra Pound; Thomas Pynchon; J. D. Salinger; Isaac Bashevis Singer; John Steinbeck; Wallace Stevens; Harriet Beecher Stowe; Mark Twain; Kurt Vonnegut; Alice Walker; Edith Wharton; Walt Whitman; Jorge Amado; Jorge Luis Borges; Alejo Carpentier; Carlos Fuentes; Gabriel García Márquez; Machado de Assis; José Martí; Pablo Neruda; Mario Vargas Llosa
Writers - Modern - Asia: Chinghiz Aitmatov; Ryūnosuke Akutagawa; Ghalib; Kahlil Gibran; Muhammad Iqbal; Yasunari Kawabata; Lao She; Lu Xun; Yukio Mishima; Haruki Murakami; Natsume Sōseki; Kenzaburō Ōe; Orhan Pamuk; Premchand; Rabindranath Tagore
Writers - Modern - Europe: Adam Mickiewicz; Ismail Kadare; Ivan Cankar; Joseph Conrad; Sándor Petőfi; Henryk Sienkiewicz; Taras Shevchenko; Elie Wiesel; Anna Akhmatova; Joseph Brodsky; Mikhail Bulgakov; Ivan Bunin; Anton Chekhov; Fyodor Dostoyevsky; Maxim Gorky; Nikolai Gogol; Mikhail Lermontov; Vladimir Mayakovsky; Nikolay Nekrasov; Boris Pasternak; Alexander Pushkin; Mikhail Sholokhov; Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn; Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy; Leo Tolstoy; Ivan Turgenev; Hans Christian Andersen; Antonin Artaud; Honoré de Balzac; Charles Baudelaire; Karen Blixen; Bertolt Brecht; Albert Camus; Alexandre Dumas; Umberto Eco; Gustave Flaubert; Anne Frank; Federico García Lorca; André Gide; Johann Wolfgang von Goethe; Brothers Grimm; Knut Hamsun; Heinrich Heine; Hermann Hesse; Victor Hugo; Henrik Ibsen; Eugène Ionesco; Franz Kafka; Selma Lagerlöf; Astrid Lindgren; Thomas Mann; Guy de Maupassant; Fernando Pessoa; Luigi Pirandello; Marcel Proust; Arthur Rimbaud; Rainer Maria Rilke; José Saramago; Friedrich Schiller; Stendhal; August Strindberg; Tristan Tzara; Jules Verne; Émile Zola; Douglas Adams; W. H. Auden; Jane Austen; Samuel Beckett; William Blake; Enid Blyton; Brontë family; Anthony Burgess; Lord Byron; Lewis Carroll; Agatha Christie; Arthur C. Clarke; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Roald Dahl; Charles Dickens; Arthur Conan Doyle; George Eliot; William Golding; Thomas Hardy; Aldous Huxley; James Joyce; John Keats; Rudyard Kipling; C. S. Lewis; V. S. Naipaul; George Orwell; Harold Pinter; Salman Rushdie; Walter Scott; George Bernard Shaw; Mary Shelley; Percy Bysshe Shelley; Robert Louis Stevenson; John Millington Synge; Dylan Thomas; J. R. R. Tolkien; H. G. Wells; Oscar Wilde; William Wordsworth; Virginia Woolf; W. B. Yeats
Writers - Modern - Oceania: Banjo Paterson; Patrick White
Journalists: Svetlana Alexievich; James Gordon Bennett Sr.; Nellie Bly; Walter Cronkite; Robert Fisk; Horace Greeley; Walter Lippmann; H. L. Mencken; Edward R. Murrow; Joseph Pulitzer; Upton Sinclair; Ida Tarbell; Hunter S. Thompson; Anna Wintour; Bob Woodward
Western art music - Composers: Guillaume de Machaut; Josquin des Prez; Guillaume Du Fay; Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina; Johann Sebastian Bach; George Frideric Handel; Claudio Monteverdi; Antonio Vivaldi; Ludwig van Beethoven; Joseph Haydn; Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; Hector Berlioz; Johannes Brahms; Anton Bruckner; Frédéric Chopin; Antonín Dvořák; Edward Elgar; Gilbert and Sullivan; W. S. Gilbert; Franz Liszt; Gustav Mahler; Felix Mendelssohn; Modest Mussorgsky; Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov; Gioachino Rossini; Franz Schubert; Robert Schumann; Johann Strauss II; Richard Strauss; Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky; Giuseppe Verdi; Richard Wagner; Béla Bartók; Benjamin Britten; Aaron Copland; Claude Debussy; Giacomo Puccini; Sergei Prokofiev; Sergei Rachmaninoff; Maurice Ravel; Arnold Schoenberg; Dmitri Shostakovich; Jean Sibelius; Igor Stravinsky; John Williams; Pierre Boulez; John Cage; Philip Glass; Karlheinz Stockhausen
Western art music - Pedagogues: Nadia Boulanger
Western art music - Performers: Pablo Casals; Mstislav Rostropovich; Leonard Bernstein; Herbert von Karajan; Arturo Toscanini; Glenn Gould; Vladimir Horowitz; Sviatoslav Richter; Arthur Rubinstein; Marian Anderson; Maria Callas; Enrico Caruso; George M. Cohan; Plácido Domingo; Kiri Te Kanawa; Ethel Merman; Birgit Nilsson; Luciano Pavarotti; Leontyne Price; Joan Sutherland; Niccolò Paganini
Non western art music - Carnatic classical: Muthuswami Dikshitar; Tyagaraja
Non western art music - Hindustani classical: Ali Akbar Khan; Ravi Shankar
Non western art music - Qawwali: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
Non western art music - Persian traditional: Mohammad-Reza Shajarian
Western Jazz: Louis Armstrong; Miles Davis; Duke Ellington; Ella Fitzgerald; George Gershwin; Benny Goodman; Billie Holiday; Antônio Carlos Jobim; Scott Joplin; Glenn Miller; Charlie Parker; Django Reinhardt
Latin: Celia Cruz; João Gilberto; Juanes; Julio Iglesias
Flamenco: Paco de Lucía
Western musical comedy and lyricists: Tom Lehrer; Irving Berlin; Jerome Kern; Cole Porter; Rodgers and Hammerstein; Stephen Sondheim; Andrew Lloyd Webber; "Weird Al" Yankovic
American folk and country: Joan Baez; Johnny Cash; Patsy Cline; Leonard Cohen; Woody Guthrie; Toby Keith; Alison Krauss; Bill Monroe; Willie Nelson; Dolly Parton; Les Paul; Hank Williams
Western Popular Music: ABBA; Adele; Bee Gees; Justin Bieber; Mariah Carey; Cher; Bing Crosby; Celine Dion; Ariana Grande; Lady Gaga; Michael Jackson; Elton John; Kraftwerk; Madonna (entertainer); Kylie Minogue; Miriam Makeba; Bob Marley; Joni Mitchell; Prince (musician); Diana Ross; Selena; Frank Sinatra; Gwen Stefani; Barbra Streisand; The Supremes; Taylor Swift; Justin Timberlake; Stevie Wonder
Non-English language singers: Charles Aznavour; Jacques Brel; Serge Gainsbourg; Umm Kulthum; Lata Mangeshkar; Nana Mouskouri; Édith Piaf; Alla Pugacheva; Teresa Teng; Vladimir Vysotsky
Afrobeat: Fela Kuti
Western blues, R&B, and soul: Ray Charles; Sam Cooke; Aretha Franklin; Marvin Gaye; Robert Johnson; B.B. King
Rock: AC/DC; Bryan Adams; Aerosmith; Arctic Monkeys; The Beatles; The Beach Boys; Black Sabbath; Bob Dylan; Duran Duran; Chuck Berry; The Clash; The Cure; David Bowie; Eric Clapton; The Doors; Fleetwood Mac; Franz Ferdinand (band); Grateful Dead; Jimi Hendrix; Buddy Holly; Janis Joplin; Led Zeppelin; Little Richard; John Lennon; Paul McCartney; Nirvana (band); No Doubt; Pink Floyd; The Police; Elvis Presley; Queen (band); Radiohead; R.E.M.; The Rolling Stones; The Smashing Pumpkins; Bruce Springsteen; Sum 41; James Taylor; Tool (band); U2; The Who; Neil Young; The Velvet Underground; Frank Zappa
Western electronic music: Brian Eno; Daft Punk; Emancipator (musician); The KLF; Tiësto
Funk: James Brown; The Temptations
Heavy Metal: Iron Maiden; Metallica; Slayer; Underoath
Hip-hop and rap: Drake (musician); Eminem; Tupac Shakur
Directors, producers and screenwriters: Woody Allen; Michelangelo Antonioni; Ingmar Bergman; Robert Bresson; Mel Brooks; Luis Buñuel; James Cameron; Frank Capra; Charlie Chaplin; Jean Cocteau; Francis Ford Coppola; Cecil B. DeMille; Vittorio De Sica; Walt Disney; Carl Theodor Dreyer; Sergei Eisenstein; Federico Fellini; John Ford; Miloš Forman; Jean-Luc Godard; Samuel Goldwyn; D. W. Griffith; Howard Hawks; Jim Henson; Werner Herzog; Alfred Hitchcock; Raj Kapoor; Elia Kazan; Akira Kurosawa; Stanley Kubrick; Fritz Lang; David Lean; Ang Lee; George Lucas; Ida Lupino; David Lynch; Frances Marion; Georges Méliès; Hayao Miyazaki; Yasujirō Ozu; Roman Polanski; Satyajit Ray; Jean Renoir; Leni Riefenstahl; Martin Scorsese; David O. Selznick; Steven Spielberg; Quentin Tarantino; Andrei Tarkovsky; Irving Thalberg; François Truffaut; Jack L. Warner; Orson Welles; Wim Wenders; Billy Wilder; Wong Kar-wai; William Wyler
Businesspeople: Mukesh Ambani; John Jacob Astor; P. T. Barnum; Michael Bloomberg; Warren Buffett; Andrew Carnegie; Marcus Licinius Crassus; Henry Ford; Jakob Fugger; Bill Gates; J. Paul Getty; William Randolph Hearst; Henry J. Heinz; Howard Hughes; Steve Jobs; Li Ka-shing; Ray Kroc; Andrew Mellon; Shigeru Miyamoto; J. P. Morgan; Rupert Murdoch; Elon Musk; Larry Page; John D. Rockefeller; Rothschild family; Pete Rozelle; David Sarnoff; Carlos Slim; Leland Stanford; Alan Sugar; Jamsetji Tata; Ted Turner; Cornelius Vanderbilt; Sam Walton; Josiah Wedgwood; George Westinghouse; Oprah Winfrey; Mark Zuckerberg
Explorers - Ancient history: Zhang Qian
Explorers - Post classical history: Ibn Battuta; Leif Erikson; Marco Polo; Xuanzang; Zheng He
Explorers - Early modern period: Willem Barentsz; Vitus Bering; Pedro Álvares Cabral; Jacques Cartier; Christopher Columbus; James Cook; Vasco da Gama; Ferdinand Magellan; Juan Ponce de León; Hernando de Soto; Abel Tasman; Amerigo Vespucci
Explorers - Modern history: Roald Amundsen; Amelia Earhart; Thor Heyerdahl; Alexander von Humboldt; Charles Lindbergh; David Livingstone; Fridtjof Nansen; David Thompson (explorer)
Explorers - Astronauts and cosmonauts: Buzz Aldrin; Neil Armstrong; Michael Collins (astronaut); Yuri Gagarin; Valentina Tereshkova
Philosophers - Ancient: Aristotle; Augustine of Hippo; Confucius; Democritus; Diogenes; Epicurus; Gorgias; Han Fei; Laozi; Li Si; Mencius; Plato; Plotinus; Seneca the Younger; Socrates; Thales of Miletus; Xun Kuang; Shang Yang
Philosophers - Post classical: Thomas Aquinas; Averroes; Erasmus; Duns Scotus; William of Ockham; Wang Yangming; Zhu Xi
Philosophers - Early modern period: Francis Bacon; George Berkeley; René Descartes; Denis Diderot; Johann Gottlieb Fichte; Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel; Thomas Hobbes; David Hume; Immanuel Kant; Gotthold Ephraim Lessing; John Locke; Jean-Jacques Rousseau; Baruch Spinoza; Voltaire
Philosophers - Modern: Hannah Arendt; Simone de Beauvoir; Henri Bergson; Isaiah Berlin; Auguste Comte; Jacques Derrida; John Dewey; Frantz Fanon; Michel Foucault; Jürgen Habermas; Martin Heidegger; Edmund Husserl; William James; Søren Kierkegaard; Marshall McLuhan; John Stuart Mill; Friedrich Nietzsche; Charles Sanders Peirce; Karl Popper; John Rawls; Bertrand Russell; Edward Said; Jean-Paul Sartre; Arthur Schopenhauer; Henry David Thoreau; Alfred North Whitehead; Ludwig Wittgenstein
Historians - Ancient: Eusebius; Herodotus; Tacitus; Thucydides; Sima Qian
Historians - Post classical: Bartolomé de las Casas; Bede; Jean Froissart; Geoffrey of Monmouth; Ibn Khaldun
Historians - Early modern period: Edward Gibbon; Nikolay Karamzin
Historians - Modern: Charles A. Beard; Fernand Braudel; Eric Hobsbawm; Theodor Mommsen; Leopold von Ranke; Sergey Solovyov; A. J. P. Taylor; Frederick Jackson Turner
Social scientists, economists and political writers - Ancient: Chanakya; Pāṇini
Social scientists, economists and political writers - Post classical: Niccolò Machiavelli
Social scientists, economists and political writers - Early modern period: Edmund Burke; Hugo Grotius; Thomas Robert Malthus; Montesquieu; Thomas Paine; David Ricardo; Adam Smith; Mary Wollstonecraft
Social scientists, economists and political writers - Modern: Theodor W. Adorno; Mikhail Bakunin; Edward Bernays; Franz Boas; Pierre Bourdieu; Noam Chomsky; W. E. B. Du Bois; Émile Durkheim; Friedrich Engels; Milton Friedman; John Kenneth Galbraith; Clifford Geertz; Antonio Gramsci; Friedrich Hayek; John Maynard Keynes; Peter Kropotkin; Claude Lévi-Strauss; Seymour Martin Lipset; Karl Marx; Marcel Mauss; Bronisław Malinowski; Margaret Mead; Maria Montessori; Vilfredo Pareto; Ferdinand de Saussure; Heinrich Schliemann; Herbert Spencer; Talcott Parsons; Pierre-Joseph Proudhon; Alfred Radcliffe-Brown; Paul Samuelson; Alexis de Tocqueville; Max Weber; Noah Webster
Psychologists: Alfred Adler; Gordon Allport; Albert Bandura; Raymond Cattell; Kenneth and Mamie Clark; Hans Eysenck; Albert Ellis; Erik Erikson; Leon Festinger; Anna Freud; Sigmund Freud; Donald O. Hebb; Carl Jung; Kurt Lewin; Abraham Maslow; George Armitage Miller; Ivan Pavlov; Jean Piaget; Carl Rogers; B. F. Skinner; Edward Thorndike; Lev Vygotsky; John B. Watson; Wilhelm Wundt
Religious figures - Hinduism - Ancient: Kanada (philosopher); Kapila; Patanjali; Valmiki; Vyasa
Religious figures - Hinduism - Post classical: Adi Shankara; Basava; Gaudapada; Kumārila Bhaṭṭa; Madhvacharya; Ramanuja
Religious figures - Hinduism - Early modern period: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
Religious figures - Hinduism - Modern: A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada; Paramahansa Yogananda; Ramakrishna; Ramana Maharshi; Sri Aurobindo; Swami Vivekananda
Religious figures - Buddhism: Gautama Buddha; 14th Dalai Lama; Nagarjuna; Padmasambhava
Religious figures - Chinese Buddhism: Bodhidharma; Kumārajīva; Huiyuan (Buddhist); Zhiyi; Huineng
Religious figures - Indian Buddhism: Ananda; Maudgalyayana; Sariputta; Vasubandhu
Religious figures - Japanese Buddhism: Dōgen; Kūkai
Religious figures - Abrahamic religions: Abraham; Daniel (biblical figure); David; Elijah; Ezra; Isaac; Isaiah; Ishmael; Jacob; Joseph (Genesis); Moses; Solomon
Religious figures - Judaism: Baal Shem Tov; Rabbi Akiva; Judah Loew ben Bezalel; Maimonides; Rashi; Vilna Gaon
Religious figures - Christianity - New Testament figures: Jesus; Mary, mother of Jesus; Mary Magdalene; John the Baptist; Judas Iscariot; Paul the Apostle; Saint Peter; John the Apostle
Religious figures - Christianity - Pre-Schism: Ambrose; Arius; Athanasius of Alexandria; Basil of Caesarea; Benedict of Nursia; Clement of Alexandria; Cyril of Alexandria; Saint George; Gregory of Nazianzus; Gregory of Nyssa; Irenaeus; Jerome; John Chrysostom; John of Damascus; Saints Cyril and Methodius; Saint Nicholas; Origen; Tertullian
Religious figures - Christianity - Pre-Schism Popes: Pope Clement I; Pope Gregory I; Pope Leo I
Religious figures - Christianity - Catholic Church: Anselm of Canterbury; Bonaventure; Francis of Assisi; Jan Hus; Ignatius of Loyola; John of the Cross; Mother Teresa; Teresa of Ávila; Tomás de Torquemada; John Wycliffe; Francis Xavier
Religious figures - Christianity - Catholic Church Popes: Pope John XXIII; Pope John Paul II; Pope Pius IX
Religious figures - Christianity - Orthodox Church: Grigori Rasputin; Jacobus Arminius
Religious figures - Christianity - Protestantism: Karl Barth; Dietrich Bonhoeffer; John Calvin; Thomas Cranmer; Jonathan Edwards (theologian); Billy Graham; John Knox; Patriarch Nikon of Moscow; Martin Luther; Philip Melanchthon; Desmond Tutu; John Wesley; Huldrych Zwingli
Religious figures - Christianity - Others: Mary Baker Eddy; Joseph Smith
Religious figures - Islam: Muhammad; Aisha; Fatimah; Khadija bint Khuwaylid
Religious figures - Islam - Shia: Ali; Husayn ibn Ali; Ja'far al-Sadiq
Religious figures - Islam - Sunni: Ahmad ibn Hanbal; Abu Hanifa; Malik ibn Anas; Muhammad al-Bukhari; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj; Al-Shafi‘i; Ibn Taymiyyah; Al-Nawawi
Religious figures - Islam - Others: Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab; Al-Ghazali; Ibn Arabi; Mulla Sadra
Religious figures - Jainism: Mahavira
Religious figures - New religious movements: Bahá'u'lláh; Helena Blavatsky; Aleister Crowley
Religious figures - Sikhism: Guru Gobind Singh; Guru Nanak
Religious figures - Zoroastrianism: Zoroaster
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Africa: Ezana of Axum; Genseric
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Africa - Egypt: Akhenaten; Narmer; Hatshepsut; Nefertiti; Ramesses II; Shoshenq I; Tutankhamun; Thutmose I; Thutmose III; Cleopatra; Ptolemy I Soter
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Asia - Eastern Asia: Cao Cao; Emperor Gaozu of Han; Gwanggaeto the Great; Modu Chanyu; Qin Shi Huang; Emperor Wu of Han; Yu the Great
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Asia - Southern Asia: Ajatashatru; Ashoka; Chandragupta II; Chandragupta Maurya; Kanishka; Menander I; Samudragupta
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Asia - Western Asia: Ashurbanipal; Cyrus the Great; Darius I; Hammurabi; Mithridates VI of Pontus; Nebuchadnezzar II; Puduḫepa; Queen of Sheba; Sargon of Akkad; Tigranes the Great; Xerxes I; Zenobia
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Asia - Hellenistic Kingdoms: Antigonus I Monophthalmus; Antiochus III the Great; Seleucus I Nicator
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Europe - Eastern Europe: Attila; Decebalus; Pyrrhus of Epirus
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Europe - Greece: Alcibiades; Demosthenes; Draco (lawgiver); Lycurgus of Sparta; Pericles; Solon; Themistocles
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Europe - Macedonia: Alexander the Great; Antipater; Philip II of Macedon
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Europe - Western Europe: Alaric I; Arminius; Boudica; Theodoric I; Vercingetorix
Politicians and leaders - Ancient - Europe - Ancient Rome: Tiberius Gracchus; Augustus; Julius Caesar; Caligula; Cicero; Constantine the Great; Diocletian; Domitian; Hadrian; Marcus Aurelius; Nero; Theodosius I; Tiberius; Trajan
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Africa: Amda Seyon I; Baibars; Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah; Musa I of Mali; Al-Mustansir Billah; An-Nasir Muhammad; Zara Yaqob
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Central Asia, Iran, Caucasus: Batu Khan; Bumin Qaghan; Hulagu Khan; Jochi; Khosrow I; Mahmud of Ghazni; Muhammad of Ghor; Muhammad II of Khwarezm; Nizam al-Mulk; Tamar of Georgia; Timur; Tokhtamysh; Tughril; Ulugh Beg
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Eastern Asia: Genghis Khan; Ögedei Khan; Sejong the Great; Taejo of Goryeo; Taejo of Joseon
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - China: Hongwu Emperor; Kublai Khan; Emperor Taizong of Tang; Emperor Taizu of Song; Emperor Wen of Sui; Wu Zetian; Yongle Emperor
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Southeastern Asia: Anawrahta; Ram Khamhaeng; Gajah Mada; Jayavarman VII; Suryavarman II
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Vietnam: Lê Lợi; Lê Thánh Tông; Trần Thánh Tông
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Southern Asia: Prithviraj Chauhan; Harsha; Alauddin Khalji; Raja Raja Chola I
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Western Asia: Saladin; Osman I; Mehmed the Conqueror
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Asia - Caliphates: Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan; Abu Bakr; Harun al-Rashid; Muawiyah I; Umar; Uthman
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Eastern Europe: Stefan Dušan; Stephen III of Moldavia; Svatopluk I of Moravia; Vlad the Impaler
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Bulgaria: Krum; Boris I of Bulgaria; Simeon I of Bulgaria; Samuel of Bulgaria; Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Byzantine Empire: Justinian I; Heraclius; Basil II; Leo III the Isaurian; Manuel I Komnenos; Theodora (6th century)
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Hungary: Stephen I of Hungary; Béla IV of Hungary; Louis I of Hungary; Matthias Corvinus
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Poland and Lithuania: Bolesław I the Brave; Casimir III the Great; Gediminas; Władysław II Jagiełło; Mieszko I of Poland; Vytautas
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Russia: Alexander Nevsky; Daniel of Galicia; Dmitry Donskoy; Ivan III of Russia; Vladimir the Great; Sviatoslav I of Kiev; Yaroslav the Wise
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Western Europe: Cnut the Great; Margaret I of Denmark
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - England and Scotland: Æthelstan; Alfred the Great; Edward I of England; Henry II of England; John, King of England; Richard I of England; Robert the Bruce; William the Conqueror
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - France: Charlemagne; Charles Martel; Clovis I; Eleanor of Aquitaine; Louis the Pious; Louis IX of France; Louis XI of France; Philip II of France; Philip IV of France
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Germany: Charles the Fat; Henry the Lion
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Holy Roman Empire: Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor; Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor; Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor; Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor; Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor; Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Italy: Cosimo de' Medici; Lorenzo de' Medici; Robert Guiscard; Roger II of Sicily; Girolamo Savonarola; Theoderic the Great; Totila
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Papal States: Pope Alexander VI; Pope Boniface VIII; Pope Gregory VII; Pope Innocent III
Politicians and leaders - Post classical - Europe - Spain and Portugal: Abd al-Rahman I; Abd-ar-Rahman III; Afonso I of Portugal; Ferdinand II of Aragon; Prince Henry the Navigator; Isabella I of Castile
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Africa: Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi; Ahmad al-Mansur; Askia Mohammad I; Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Americas: Atahualpa; La Malinche; Moctezuma I; Moctezuma II; Pachacuti; Tecumseh; Túpac Amaru; Túpac Amaru II
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Americas - United States: Benjamin Franklin; George Washington; John Adams; Thomas Jefferson; Alexander Hamilton; James Madison
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Central Asia, Iran, Caucasus: Abbas I of Persia; Ahmad Shah Durrani; Babur; Humayun; Ismail I; Nader Shah
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Eastern Asia: Jeongjo of Joseon; Seonjo of Joseon
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - China: Heshen; Hong Taiji; Jiajing Emperor; Kangxi Emperor; Nurhaci; Qianlong Emperor; Wanli Emperor
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Japan: Toyotomi Hideyoshi; Tokugawa Ieyasu; Oda Nobunaga
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Southern Asia: Akbar; Aurangzeb; Robert Clive; Hyder Ali; Prithvi Narayan Shah; Shah Jahan; Sher Shah Suri; Tipu Sultan; Shivaji; Krishnadevaraya
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Southeastern Asia: Sultan Agung of Mataram; Rama I; Iskandar Muda; Naresuan; Nguyễn Huệ
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Burma: Alaungpaya; Bayinnaung; Bodawpaya; Tabinshwehti
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Asia - Western Asia: Mehmed IV; Hurrem Sultan; Selim I; Selim III; Suleiman the Magnificent
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Eastern Europe: Bohdan Khmelnytsky
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Poland and Lithuania: Augustus II the Strong; John III Sobieski; Stephen Báthory; Sigismund III Vasa
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Russia: Alexis of Russia; Boris Godunov; Catherine the Great; Elizabeth of Russia; Ivan the Terrible; Peter the Great; Grigory Potemkin
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Western Europe: Frederick the Great; Frederick William I of Prussia; William the Silent
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - England and Scotland: Charles I of England; Charles II of England; Elizabeth I of England; George III of the United Kingdom; Henry VIII of England; James VI and I; Oliver Cromwell; Mary I of England; Mary, Queen of Scots; William III of England; William Pitt the Younger; Robert Walpole
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - France: Catherine de' Medici; Francis I of France; Gaspard II de Coligny; Henry IV of France; Louis XIV of France; Louis XV of France; Louis XVI of France; Marie Antoinette; Cardinal Mazarin; Napoleon; Madame de Pompadour; Cardinal Richelieu
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Holy Roman Empire and Austria: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor; Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor; Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor; Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor; Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor; Maria Theresa
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Northern Europe: Charles XII of Sweden; Christina, Queen of Sweden; Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Europe - Southern Europe: Cesare Borgia; Pope Julius II; Philip II of Spain; Philip V of Spain; Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal
Politicians and leaders - Early modern period - Oceania: Kamehameha I
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Africa - Eastern Africa: Idi Amin; Haile Selassie; Kenneth Kaunda; Jomo Kenyatta; Julius Nyerere; Menelik II; Rainilaiarivony; Yohannes IV
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Africa - Northern Africa: Muammar Gaddafi; Isma'il Pasha; Muhammad Ahmad; Muhammad Ali of Egypt; Gamal Abdel Nasser; Emir Abdelkader; Anwar Sadat
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Africa - Southern and Central Africa: Hastings Banda; Laurent-Désiré Kabila; F. W. de Klerk; Mobutu Sese Seko; Nelson Mandela; Robert Mugabe; Cecil Rhodes; Shaka
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Africa - Western Africa: Kofi Annan; Nnamdi Azikiwe; Kwame Nkrumah; Olusegun Obasanjo; Léopold Sédar Senghor; Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Americas - South America: Salvador Allende; Simón Bolívar; Hugo Chávez; José de San Martín; Eva Perón; Augusto Pinochet; Antonio José de Sucre; Alfredo Stroessner
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Americas - Brazil: Pedro I of Brazil; Pedro II of Brazil; Getúlio Vargas
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Americas - Central America and the Caribbean: Fidel Castro; François Duvalier; Toussaint Louverture; Francisco Morazán; Daniel Ortega; Rafael Trujillo
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Americas - Mexico: Porfirio Díaz; Benito Juárez; Antonio López de Santa Anna
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Americas - United States: Joe Biden; George W. Bush; John C. Calhoun; Jimmy Carter; Henry Clay; Bill Clinton; Hillary Clinton; Dwight D. Eisenhower; Andrew Jackson; Lyndon B. Johnson; John F. Kennedy; Abraham Lincoln; John Marshall; Richard Nixon; Barack Obama; James K. Polk; Ronald Reagan; Eleanor Roosevelt; Franklin D. Roosevelt; Theodore Roosevelt; Sitting Bull; Harry S. Truman; Donald Trump; Woodrow Wilson
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Americas - Canada: John A. Macdonald; Justin Trudeau; Pierre Trudeau
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - Central Asia, Iran, Caucasus: Ruhollah Khomeini; Mohammad Mosaddegh; Mohammad Reza Pahlavi; Mohammed Zahir Shah; Eduard Shevardnadze
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - China: Chiang Kai-shek; Empress Dowager Cixi; Deng Xiaoping; Jiang Qing; Mao Zedong; Puyi; Xi Jinping; Zhou Enlai
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - Japan: Hirohito; Emperor Meiji; Eisaku Satō; Hideki Tojo
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - Korea: Kim Jong-il; Kim Jong-un; Kim Il-sung; Lee Myung-bak; Park Chung-hee; Park Geun-hye
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - Southeastern Asia: Corazon Aquino; Chulalongkorn; Ferdinand Marcos; Ho Chi Minh; Lee Kuan Yew; Mahathir Mohamad; Mindon Min; Ne Win; Nguyễn Phú Trọng; Pol Pot; Suharto; Sukarno
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - Southern Asia: Benazir Bhutto; Muhammad Ali Jinnah; Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - India: George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston; Indira Gandhi; Jawaharlal Nehru; Vallabhbhai Patel; Manmohan Singh; Bal Gangadhar Tilak; Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Asia - Western Asia: Abdul Hamid II; Yasser Arafat; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk; David Ben-Gurion; Faisal of Saudi Arabia; Saddam Hussein; Ibn Saud; Mahmud II; Golda Meir; Benjamin Netanyahu; Saud of Saudi Arabia
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Central Europe: Alexander Dubček; Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor; Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria; Václav Havel; Franz Joseph I of Austria; Klemens von Metternich
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Eastern Europe: Symon Petliura; Józef Piłsudski; Lech Wałęsa
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Southeastern Europe: Ion Antonescu; Nicolae Ceaușescu; Enver Hoxha; Slobodan Milošević; Ante Pavelić; Josip Broz Tito
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Russia and USSR: Alexander II of Russia; Leonid Brezhnev; Mikhail Gorbachev; Nikita Khrushchev; Vladimir Lenin; Nicholas I of Russia; Nicholas II of Russia; Vladimir Putin; Joseph Stalin; Pyotr Stolypin; Leon Trotsky; Boris Yeltsin
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Scandinavia: Gro Harlem Brundtland; Charles XIV John of Sweden; Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim; Dag Hammarskjöld
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Western Europe: Leopold II of Belgium
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - France: Georges Clemenceau; Charles de Gaulle; François Mitterrand; Louis Philippe I; Napoleon III; Adolphe Thiers; Emmanuel Macron; François Hollande
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Germany: Konrad Adenauer; Eduard Bernstein; Otto von Bismarck; Joseph Goebbels; Adolf Hitler; Heinrich Himmler; Erich Honecker; Helmut Kohl; Angela Merkel; William I, German Emperor; Wilhelm II, German Emperor
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Iberia: Francisco Franco; Juan Carlos I of Spain; António de Oliveira Salazar
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Ireland: Michael Collins (Irish leader); Charles Stewart Parnell
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - Italy: Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour; Benito Mussolini
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Europe - United Kingdom: Queen Victoria; William Ewart Gladstone; Benjamin Disraeli; David Lloyd George; Winston Churchill; Clement Attlee; Elizabeth II; Margaret Thatcher; David Cameron; Theresa May; Tony Blair
Politicians and leaders - Modern - Oceania: John Curtin; Tony Abbott; Jacinda Ardern
Military leaders and theorists - Ancient: Flavius Aetius; Hannibal; Zhuge Liang; Mark Antony; Pompey; Scipio Africanus; Sulla; Sun Tzu
Military leaders and theorists - Post classical: 'Amr ibn al-'As; El Cid; Godfrey of Bouillon; Joan of Arc; John Hunyadi; Subutai; Trần Hưng Đạo; William Wallace; Jan Žižka; Khalid ibn al-Walid
Military leaders and theorists - Early modern period: Afonso de Albuquerque; Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba; Benedict Arnold; Hayreddin Barbarossa; John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough; Hernán Cortés; Michiel de Ruyter; Francis Drake; Prince Eugene of Savoy; Mikhail Kutuzov; Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette; Francisco Pizarro; Pontiac (Ottawa leader); Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny; Maurice de Saxe; Alexander Suvorov; Yi Sun-sin
Military leaders and theorists - Modern - Americas: George Armstrong Custer; P. G. T. Beauregard; Black Hawk (Sauk leader); Omar Bradley; Ulysses S. Grant; Stonewall Jackson; Robert E. Lee; Douglas MacArthur; Alfred Thayer Mahan; George Marshall; George B. McClellan; George Meade; Chester W. Nimitz; William Tecumseh Sherman; George S. Patton
Military leaders and theorists - Modern - Asia: Enver Pasha; T. E. Lawrence; Võ Nguyên Giáp
Military leaders and theorists - Modern - Europe: Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell; Carl von Clausewitz; Karl Dönitz; Giuseppe Garibaldi; Hermann Göring; Erich Ludendorff; Helmuth von Moltke the Elder; Bernard Montgomery; Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson; Erwin Rommel; Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington; Georgy Zhukov
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Ancient: Spartacus
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Post classical: Abu Muslim; Babak Khorramdin; Huang Chao
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Early modern period: Thomas Müntzer; Yemelyan Pugachev; William Wilberforce
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Early modern period - France: Georges Danton; Jean-Paul Marat; Maximilien Robespierre
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Modern - Africa: Steve Biko; Mohamed Bouazizi; Patrice Lumumba; Sayyid Qutb; Thomas Sankara; Ken Saro-Wiwa
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Modern - Americas: Che Guevara; Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla; Pancho Villa; Emiliano Zapata
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Modern - Americas - United States: Jane Addams; Susan B. Anthony; John Brown (abolitionist); Frederick Douglass; Eugene V. Debs; Betty Friedan; Helen Keller; Martin Luther King Jr.; Malcolm X; John Muir; Rosa Parks; Margaret Sanger; Elizabeth Cady Stanton; Sojourner Truth; Harriet Tubman; Booker T. Washington
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Modern - Asia: B. R. Ambedkar; Aung San; Subhas Chandra Bose; Diponegoro; Mahatma Gandhi; Hong Xiuquan; José Rizal; Rani of Jhansi; Sun Yat-sen; Aung San Suu Kyi
Rebels, revolutionaries and activists - Modern - Europe: Henry Dunant; Emma Goldman; Theodor Herzl; Rosa Luxemburg; Nestor Makhno; Emmeline Pankhurst