2024 United Kingdom general election
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.svg) 2024 United Kingdom general election (4 July) | |
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The 2024 United Kingdom general election is scheduled to be held on Thursday, 4 July 2024.[1] It will determine the composition of the House of Commons, which determines the next Government of the United Kingdom. Significant constituency boundary changes will be in effect, the first such changes since before the 2010 general election. In addition, this will be the first UK general election where physical forms of voter identification will be a legal requirement to vote at a polling station in Great Britain (identification will not be required for a postal vote).[d] It will also be the first general election to held in july since 1945
Background
The results of the 2019 general election are given below, alongside the current numbers in the House of Commons. Numbers have changed through 23 by-elections and a number of defections and suspensions of members from their party that have taken place throughout the present parliament.
This table relates to the composition of the House of Commons after the 2024 UK general election and summarises the changes in party affiliation that took place during the 2024–present Parliament.
| Affiliation | Members | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elected in 2024[2] |
Current[3] | Difference | ||
| Labour[e] | 411[f] | 402 |  9
| |
| Conservative | 121 | 121 | 
| |
| Liberal Democrats | 72 | 72 |
| |
| Independent | 6 | 15[g] |  9
| |
| SNP | 9 | 9 |
| |
| Sinn Féin | 7 | 7 |
| |
| DUP | 5 | 5 |
| |
| Reform UK | 5 | 5 |
| |
| Green (E&W) | 4 | 4 |
| |
| Plaid Cymru | 4 | 4 |
| |
| SDLP | 2 | 2 |
| |
| Alliance | 1 | 1 |
| |
| TUV | 1 | 1 |
| |
| UUP | 1 | 1 |
| |
| Speaker | 1 | 1 |
| |
| Vacant | 0 | 0 |
| |
| Total | 650 | 650 |
| |
| Total voting[h] | 639 | 639 |
| |
| Majority of voting | 181 | 165[7] |
| |
For full details of changes during the 2024–present Parliament, see By-elections and Defections, suspensions and resignations.
Before this general election, in March 2022 the Labour Party had abandoned all-women shortlists, citing legal advice that continuing to use them for choosing parliamentary candidates would be an unlawful practice under the Equality Act 2010, since the majority of Labour MPs were now women.[8]
In March 2024, Reform UK announced an electoral pact with the Northern Irish unionist party TUV.[9] The parties will stand mutually agreed candidates in Northern Ireland constituencies in the election.[10] Reform UK also announced a pact with the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a minor, socially-conservative party.[11]
On 22 May 2024, Rishi Sunak announced the prorogation of Parliament and called a general election on 4 July 2024.[12]
Electoral system
General elections in the United Kingdom are organised using first-past-the-post voting. The Conservative Party, which won a majority at the 2019 general election, included pledges in its manifesto to remove the 15-year limit on voting for British citizens living abroad, and to introduce a voter identification requirement in Great Britain.[13] These changes were included in the Elections Act 2022.
Boundary reviews
The Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, which proposed reducing the number of constituencies from 650 to 600, was commenced in 2011, but temporarily stopped in January 2013. Following the 2015 general election, each of the four parliamentary boundary commissions of the United Kingdom recommenced their review process in April 2016.[14][15][16] The four commissions submitted their final recommendations to the Secretary of State on 5 September 2018[17][18] and made their reports public a week later.[19][20][21][17] However, the proposals were never put forward for approval before the calling of the general election held on 12 December 2019, and in December 2020 the reviews were formally abandoned under the Schedule to the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020.[22]
A projection by psephologists Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher of how the 2017 votes would have translated to seats under the 2018 boundaries suggested the changes would have been beneficial to the Conservative Party and detrimental to the Labour Party.[23][24]
In March 2020, Cabinet Office minister Chloe Smith confirmed that the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies would be based on retaining 650 seats.[25][26] The previous relevant legislation was amended by the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020[27] and the four boundary commissions formally launched their 2023 reviews on 5 January 2021.[28][29][30][31] They were required to issue their final reports prior to 1 July 2023.[22] Once the reports have been laid before Parliament, Orders in Council giving effect to the final proposals must be made within four months, unless "there are exceptional circumstances". Prior to the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020, boundary changes could not be implemented until they were approved by both Houses of Parliament.
The boundary changes were approved at a meeting of the Privy Council on 15 November 2023,[32] and came into force on 29 November 2023,[33] meaning that the general election will be contested on these new boundaries.[34]
Notional 2019 results
The election will be contested under new constituency boundaries established by the Sixth Boundary Review in 2023. Consequently, media outlets tend to report seat gains and losses as compared to notional results. These are the results if all votes cast in 2019 were unchanged, but regrouped by new constituency boundaries.[35] Notional results in the UK are always estimated, usually with the assistance of local election results, because vote counts at parliamentary elections in the UK do not obtain figures at any level more specific than that of the whole constituency.
In England, seats will be redistributed towards Southern England, away from Northern England, due to the different rates of population growth. North West England and North East England will lose two seats each whereas South East England will gain seven seats and South West England will gain three seats.[36] Based on historical voting patterns, this is expected to help the Conservatives.[37] Based on these new boundaries, different parties would have won several constituencies with unchanged names but changed boundaries in 2019. For example, the Conservatives would have won Wirral West and Leeds North West instead of the Labour Party, but Labour would have won Pudsey and Heywood & Middleton instead of the Conservatives. Westmorland and Lonsdale, the constituency represented by former Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron, is now notionally a Conservative seat.
In Scotland, 57 MPs would be elected, down from the 59 in 2019, with the following notional partisan composition of Scotland's parliamentary delegation:[38] The Scottish National Party would remain steady on 48 seats, despite two of their constituencies being dissolved. The Scottish Conservatives' seat count of six would likewise remain unchanged. Scottish Labour would have retained Edinburgh South, the sole constituency they won in 2019. Had the 2019 general election occurred with the new boundaries in effect, the Scottish Liberal Democrats would have only won two seats (Edinburgh West and Orkney and Shetland), instead of the four they did win that year, as the expanded electorates in the other two would overcome their slender majorities.
Under the new boundaries, Wales will lose eight seats, electing 32 MPs instead of the 40 they elected in 2019. Welsh Labour would have won 18 instead of the 22 MPs they elected in 2019, and the Welsh Conservatives 12 instead of 14. Due to the abolition and merging of rural constituencies in West Wales, Plaid Cymru would have only won two seats instead of four. Nonetheless, the boundaries are expected to cause difficulty for the Conservatives as more pro-Labour areas are added to some of their safest seats.[39]
In Northern Ireland, the notional results are identical to the actual results of the 2019 general election in Northern Ireland.
| Party | MPs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 actual result | 2019 notional result | Change | ||
| Conservative | 365 | 372 | 7
| |
| Labour | 202 | 200 | 2
| |
| SNP | 48 | 48 |
| |
| Liberal Democrats | 11 | 8 | 3
| |
| DUP | 8 | 8 |
| |
| Sinn Féin | 7 | 7 |
| |
| Plaid Cymru | 4 | 2 | 2
| |
| SDLP | 2 | 2 |
| |
| Green | 1 | 1 |
| |
| Alliance | 1 | 1 |
| |
| Speaker | 1 | 1 |
| |
Date of the election
Originally the next election was scheduled to take place on 2 May 2024 under the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011. However, at the 2019 general election, in which the Conservatives won a majority of 80 seats, the manifesto of the party contained a commitment to repeal the Fixed-term Parliaments Act due to "paralysis at a time when the country has needed decisive action".[40] In December 2020, the government published a draft Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 (Repeal) Bill, later retitled the Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022.[41] This entered into force on 24 March 2022. The prime minister can again request the monarch to dissolve Parliament and call an early election with 25 working days' notice. Section 4 of the Act provided: "If it has not been dissolved earlier, a Parliament dissolves at the beginning of the day that is the fifth anniversary of the day on which it first met."
The Electoral Commission confirmed that the 2019 Parliament would have to be dissolved, at the latest, by 17 December 2024, and that the next general election had to take place no later than 28 January 2025.[42][43]
On 18 December 2023, Rishi Sunak told journalists that the general election will take place in 2024, rather than January 2025.[1] On 4 January, he suggested the general election would probably be in the second half of 2024.[44] On 22 May 2024, after speculation,[45][46][47] Sunak confirmed the election would be held on 4 July.[48]
Campaign
On the morning of 22 May 2024, after a fall in inflation figures was announced, Sunak announced that the general election would be held on 4 July 2024.[49]
Candidates
MPs not standing for re-election
As of 22 May 2024, a total of 104 current members of Parliament have announced their intention not to stand for re-election. Four MPs — Nadine Dorries, Nigel Adams, Chris Skidmore (all Conservative) and Chris Pincher (independent, elected as Conservative) — announced their intention not to stand again but later resigned from Parliament before the election.[50][51][52][53][54][55]
| Party | MPs retiring | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Elected[i] | Current | ||
| Conservative | 70 | 63 | |
| Labour | 19 | 19 | |
| SNP | 10 | 9 | |
| Independent | 0 | 9 | |
| Sinn Féin | 2 | 2 | |
| Green | 1 | 1 | |
| Plaid Cymru | 1 | 1 | |
| DUP | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 104 | ||
MPs deselected or seeking a new constituency
Some sitting MPs have not been selected by their party to recontest their seat (or a successor seat). Options available to these MPs include standing down, challenging their non-selection, seeking selection for another seat, and contesting the election under a different banner.
| MP | Constituency | First elected | Party (as elected) | Reason | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Bacon | South Norfolk | 2001 | Conservative | Deselected by the constituency's Conservative Association and subsequently announced he would stand down[160][101] | |
| Andrew Bridgen | North West Leicestershire | 2010 | Conservative | Expelled from the Conservative Party and now sits as an independent MP after joining the Reclaim Party for a time; he plans to contest his current seat at the next election as an independent[161][162] | |
| Jeremy Corbyn | Islington North | 1983 | Labour | Excluded from selection by the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party; Corbyn sits as an independent but remains a party member[163] | |
| Jonathan Djanogly | Huntingdon | 2001 | Conservative | Deselected by the Conservative Association and subsequently announced his retirement | |
| Patrick Grady | Glasgow North | 2015 | SNP | Deselected by the local party in favour of MP for Glasgow Central Alison Thewliss[164] | |
| Neil Hudson | Penrith and The Border | 2019 | Conservative | Sought selection for the new seat of Penrith and Solway, losing to fellow MP Mark Jenkinson; he subsequently applied for the West Suffolk seat, losing to former political adviser Nick Timothy[165][166] | |
| Angus MacNeil | Na h-Eileanan an Iar | 2005 | SNP | Expelled from the SNP and sits as an independent with the Scotland United grouping with the Alba Party; he plans to contest the next election[167] | |
| Christina Rees | Neath | 2015 | Labour Co-op | Excluded from selection by the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party;[168] in January 2024, she announced that she would stand down at the next general election[139] | |
| Sam Tarry | Ilford South | 2019 | Labour | Deselected by the Constituency Labour Party in favour of Jas Athwal[169] | |
| Claudia Webbe | Leicester East | 2019 | Labour | Expelled from the Labour Party due to a criminal conviction and sits as an independent[170] | |
| Mick Whitley | Birkenhead | 2019 | Labour | Sought selection for the redrawn seat of Birkenhead, losing to fellow MP Alison McGovern[171] | |
| Beth Winter | Cynon Valley | 2019 | Labour | Sought selection for the new seat of Merthyr Tydfil and Aberdare, losing to fellow MP Gerald Jones[172] | |
Former MPs seeking to return to Parliament
| MP | Target constituency | Years elected | Party | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Douglas Alexander | Lothian East | 1997–2015 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Paisley South (1997–2005) and Paisley and Renfrewshire South (2005–2015), both constituencies unrelated to Lothian East. Defeated by the SNP in 2015. | |
| Heidi Alexander | Swindon South | 2010–2018 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Lewisham East, an unrelated constituency, from 2010 to 2018 when she stood down from Parliament to become Deputy Mayor of London for Transport. | |
| Gordon Birtwistle | Burnley | 2010–2015 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Liberal Democrat MP for Burnley from 2010 to 2015, when he was defeated by Labour. | |
| Mary Creagh | Coventry East | 2005–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Wakefield, an unrelated constituency, from 2005 to 2019 when she was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Nic Dakin | Scunthorpe | 2010–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Scunthorpe from 2010 to 2019, when he was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Emma Dent Coad | Kensington and Bayswater | 2017–2019 | Independent | Served as a Labour MP for Kensington, the predecessor constituency to Kensington and Bayswater, from 2017 to 2019 when she was defeated by the Conservatives. Left the Labour Party in 2023. | |
| James Frith | Bury North | 2017–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Bury North from 2017 to 2019, when he was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Andrew George | St Ives | 1997–2015 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Liberal Democrat MP for St Ives from 1997 to 2015 when he was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Stephen Gethins | Arbroath and Broughty Ferry | 2015–2019 | SNP | Served as a SNP MP for North East Fife, a close-by but non-contiguous constituency, from 2015 to 2019 when he was defeated by the Liberal Democrats. | |
| Luke Graham | Perth and Kinross-shire | 2017–2019 | Conservative | Served as a Conservative MP for Ochil and South Perthshire, one of the predecessor seats to Perth and Kinross-shire, from 2017 to 2019 when he was defeated by the SNP. | |
| Matthew Green | South Shropshire | 2001–2005 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Liberal Democrat MP for Ludlow, the predecessor constituency to South Shropshire, from 2001 to 2005 when he was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| John Grogan | Keighley and Ilkley | 2017–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Keighley, the predecessor constituency to Keighley & Ilkley from 2017 to 2019, when he was defeated by the Conservatives. Additionally served as the MP for Selby from 1997 to 2010 | |
| Stephen Kerr | Angus and Perthshire Glens | 2017–2019 | Conservative | Served as a Conservative MP for Stirling, an neighbouring constituency, from 2017 to 2019 when he was defeated by the SNP. | |
| Tessa Munt | Wells and Mendip Hills | 2010–2015 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Liberal Democrat MP for Wells, the predecessor constituency to Wells and Mendip Hills, from 2010 to 2015 when she was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Pamela Nash | Motherwell and Wishaw | 2010–2015 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Airdrie and Shotts from 2010 to 2015 when she was defeated by the Scottish National Party. | |
| Dan Norris | North East Somerset and Hanham | 1997–2010 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Wansdyke, one of the predecessor constituency to North East Somerset and Hanham, from 1997 to 2010 when he was defeated by the Conservatives in the predecessor constituency of North East Somerset. | |
| Melanie Onn | Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes | 2015–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Great Grimsby, the predecessor constituency to Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes, from 2015 to 2019 when she was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Andrew Pelling | Croydon East | 2005–2010 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Conservative MP for Croydon Central, the predecessor constituency to Croydon East, from 2005 to 2010 when he unsuccessfully stood for reelection as an independent. Joined Labour in 2011 and the Liberal Democrats in 2023. | |
| Jo Platt | Leigh and Atherton | 2017–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Leigh, the predecessor constituency to Leigh and Atherton, from 2017 to 2019 when she was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Alan Reid | Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber | 2001–2015 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Liberal Democrat MP for Argyll and Bute, the predecessor constituency to Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber, from 2001 to 2015 when he was defeated by the SNP. | |
| Emma Reynolds | Wycombe | 2010–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Wolverhampton North East, an unrelated constituency, from 2010 to 2019 when she was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Gareth Snell | Stoke-on-Trent Central | 2017–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Stoke-on-Trent Central from 2017 to 2019, when he was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Anna Turley | Redcar | 2015–2019 | Labour | Served as a Labour MP for Redcar from 2015 to 2019, when she was defeated by the Conservatives. | |
| Mark Williams | Ceredigion Preseli | 2005–2017 | Liberal Democrats | Served as a Liberal Democrat MP for Ceredigion, the predecessor constituency to Ceredigion Preseli, from 2005 to 2017 when he was defeated by Plaid Cymru. | |
| Chris Williamson | Derby South | 2010–2015, 2017–2019 | Workers Party | Served as a Labour MP for Derby North, a neighbouring constituency, from 2010 to 2015 and from 2017 to 2019, when he was defeated by the Conservatives. Left the Labour Party in 2019 and joined the Workers Party in 2023. | |
| Corri Wilson | Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock | 2015–2017 | Alba | Served as an SNP MP for Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock from 2015 to 2017, when she was defeated by the Conservatives. Left the SNP to join Alba in 2021.[173] | |
MPs changing constituencies
Due to boundary changes, most MPs standing for re-election will seek to represent a seat at least slightly different from their present seat. However, in some cases sitting MPs have secured selection to stand in a substantially or completely different seat from their present seat. They may happen because their seat is marginal and likely to be lost by their party, losing preselection to another candidate, boundary changes abolish their present seat or their present seat is redrawn in an unfavourable way in boundary changes.
| MP | Current constituency | First elected | Party (as elected) | New constituency | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stuart Anderson | Wolverhampton South West | 2019 | Conservative | South Shropshire | While there are no significant changes to Anderson's current seat, it is a marginal Conservative seat, whereas South Shropshire is likely a safe Conservative seat. He had initially announced he would not stand for re-election but subsequently reversed his decision.[92] | |
| Simon Baynes | Clwyd South | 2019 | Conservative | North Shropshire | Selected for North Shropshire after his current seat is being abolished in boundary changes. North Shropshire, which the Liberal Democrats gained in a 2021 by-election, contains none of Baynes' present seat.[174] | |
| Mims Davies | Mid Sussex[aa] | 2019 | Conservative | East Grinstead and Uckfield | Selected for East Grinstead and Uckfield due to boundary changes in her current seat.[175] | |
| Flick Drummond | Meon Valley | 2019 | Conservative | Winchester | Selected for Winchester in July 2023 as her present seat is being abolished. The reconfigured Winchester seat contains about 25% of the Meon Valley seat. Drummond sought selection for the proposed Fareham and Waterlooville seat, which contains a larger proportion of her current seat and is forecast to be much safer for the Conservatives than Winchester (a key Liberal Democrat target), but was defeated by Suella Braverman, the MP for Fareham and then–Home Secretary. | |
| Damien Egan | Kingswood | 2024 | Labour | Bristol North East | Selected for Bristol North East in July 2023. Elected in the 2024 Kingswood by-election triggered by the resignation of Chris Skidmore in January 2024. | |
| Paul Holmes | Eastleigh | 2019 | Conservative | Hamble Valley | Selected to the new Hamble Valley seat. The new seat contains 48% of his current seat.[176] | |
| Eddie Hughes | Walsall North | 2017 | Conservative | Tamworth | Selected for Tamworth as his current constituency is being abolished, and the main successor seat of Walsall and Bloxwich was considered significantly more vulnerable to the Labour Party than Tamworth, where the incumbent MP Chris Pincher announced he would be standing down following a scandal.[177] Pincher resigned in September 2023 and Labour's Sarah Edwards won the subsequent by-election; Hughes has nevertheless since maintained his candidacy for this constituency. | |
| Jeremy Hunt | South West Surrey | 2005 | Conservative | Godalming and Ash | Chancellor of the Exchequer Jeremy Hunt was selected for the newly created Godalming and Ash constituency in January 2023,[178] as his current constituency is set to be abolished. The western part of the existing seat, comprising the majority of the electorate and including the towns of Farnham and Haslemere will be combined with parts of the District of East Hampshire to create the new Farnham and Bordon constituency. The Godalming and Ash seat will comprise Godalming and the area of the North Downs to the south of the existing constituency.[179] | |
| Sarah Jones | Croydon Central | 2017 | Labour | Croydon West | Standing for election in the new safe seat of Croydon West (containing 11% of the to-be-abolished Croydon Central) rather than the more marginal Croydon East (contains 83% of Croydon Central).[180] | |
| Alison McGovern | Wirral South | 2010 | Labour | Birkenhead | Selected for Birkenhead due the abolition of her present constituency, defeating incumbent MP for Birkenhead Mick Whitley in the selection process.[181] The reconfigured Birkenhead contains a small part of her present seat.[182] | |
| Alec Shelbrooke | Elmet and Rothwell | 2010 | Conservative | Wetherby and Easingwold | Selected for Wetherby and Easingwold due to his current seat being abolished and broken up between four other seats. Wetherby and Easingwold will take in the Harewood and Wetherby wards of Leeds, but is otherwise based in North Yorkshire rather than West Yorkshire.[183] | |
| Iain Stewart | Milton Keynes South | 2010 | Conservative | Buckingham and Bletchley | Selected for the new Buckingham and Bletchley seat, as his present seat is being abolished.[184] | |
| Alistair Strathern | Mid Bedfordshire | 2023 | Labour | Hitchin | Elected for Mid Bedfordshire at a by-election in October 2023. Announced in January 2024 that he would contest the new constituency of Hitchin which will include a small part of his current seat around his home town of Shefford.[185] | |
| Alison Thewliss | Glasgow Central | 2015 | SNP | Glasgow North | Selected for Glasgow North due to her current seat being abolished.[186] This was after unsuccessfully challenging David Linden for the nomination in Glasgow East.[187] | |
Incumbent MPs standing against each other
In some cases, incumbent MPs will be standing against each other.
| Constituency | MP | Party | MP | Party | Note | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Honiton and Sidmouth | Simon Jupp (East Devon)[188] | Conservative | Richard Foord (Tiverton and Honiton)[189] | Liberal Democrats | Foord was elected in the 2022 Tiverton and Honiton by-election | ||
| Hitchin | Bim Afolami (Hitchin & Harpenden) | Conservative | Alistair Strathern (Mid Bedfordshire) | Labour | Strathern was elected in the 2023 Mid Bedfordshire by-election | ||
| North Shropshire | Simon Baynes (Clwyd South)[190] | Conservative | Helen Morgan (North Shropshire) | Liberal Democrats | Morgan was elected in the 2021 North Shropshire by-election | ||
| Tamworth | Eddie Hughes (Walsall North)[191] | Conservative | Sarah Edwards (Tamworth) | Labour | Edwards was elected in the 2023 Tamworth by-election | ||
Opinion polling
| Opinion polling for UK general elections |
|---|
| 2010 election |
| Opinion polls |
| 2015 election |
| Opinion polls • Leadership approval |
| 2017 election |
| Opinion polls • Leadership approval |
| 2019 election |
| Opinion polls • Leadership approval |
| 2024 election |
| Opinion polls • Leadership approval |
The chart below shows opinion polls conducted since the 2024 general election. The trend lines are local regressions (LOESS). The bar on the left represents the previous election, and the bar on the right represents the latest possible date of the next election.
.svg)
See also
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in Scotland
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in Wales
- List of target seats in the 2024 United Kingdom general election
Notes
- ^ Stephen Flynn leads the SNP in the House of Commons.
- ^ Liz Saville Roberts leads Plaid Cymru in the House of Commons.
- ^ Neale Hanvey leads Alba in the House of Commons.
- ^ In Northern Ireland, voter ID was already required at elections before it was introduced in the rest of the UK.
- ^ Includes 43 MPs sponsored by the Co-operative Party, who are designated Labour and Co-operative.[4]
- ^ Some media sources, such as BBC News, listed Labour's total as 412, by including the Speaker (who, to demonstrate his neutrality, had resigned his Labour Party membership on taking office).
- ^ Nine were elected as Labour MPs but seven of these have been suspended from the parliamentary party until December 2024. A further MP, Mike Amesbury, was suspended on 27 October 2024. Rosie Duffield resigned from the Labour Party on 28 September 2024. Five Independent MPs form the Independent Alliance technical group.
- ^ In the current (2024–present) Parliament, the seven members of Sinn Féin follow a policy of abstentionism. They do not swear into the house, and do not take part in its formal processes (doing so would also compel a by-election).[5] The Speaker and deputy speakers (two Conservative and one Labour) by convention exercise only a casting vote.[6]
- ^ Party affiliation of retiring MPs at the time of the 2019 general election.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Huddersfield East.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Peckham in the 1982 by-election.
- ^ Originally elected the MP for Lincoln in the October 1974 election but lost her seat in the 1979 general election; elected for Derby South at the 1983 general election.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Elected as Conservative.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Plymouth Sutton.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Crewe and Nantwich in the 2008 by-election but lost his seat in the 2017 general election; elected for Eddisbury at the 2019 general election.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Croydon Central.
- ^ a b Elected as Labour.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Knowsley North in the 1986 by-election.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Stafford in a by-election in 1984.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Derby North in the 1983 general election but lost his seat in the 1997 general election; elected for East Yorkshire at the 2001 general election.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Lancaster and Wyre.
- ^ Elected as SNP.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Billericay.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for Regent's Park and Kensington North.
- ^ Originally elected as the MP for North Hertfordshire.
- ^ Elected as DUP.
- ^ Previously served as the MP for Eastleigh from 2015 to 2019.
References
- ^ a b "Rishi Sunak announces 4 July general election". BBC News. 22 May 2024.
- ^ "UK General election 2024 Results". BBC News. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
- ^ Cracknell, Richard; Baker, Carl; Pollock, Loui (26 July 2024). "General election 2024 results – House of Commons Library". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
- ^ "About: Members of Parliament". Co-operative Party. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ^ Kelly, Conor (19 August 2019). "Understanding Sinn Féin's Abstention from the UK Parliament". E-International Relations. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
- ^ Boothroyd, David. "House of Commons: Tied Divisions". United Kingdom Election Results. Archived from the original on 6 March 2008. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
- ^ Zodgekar, Ketaki; Baker, Finn (5 July 2024). "How big is the Labour government's majority?". Retrieved 24 July 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Rogers, Alexandra (7 March 2022). "Exclusive: Labour Drops All-Women Shortlists For Next General Election". HuffPost. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
- ^ Crisp, James (16 March 2024). "Reform strikes election pact with hardline Northern Ireland party". The Telegraph. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ "TUV conference: Jim Allister announces partnership with Reform UK". BBC News. 16 March 2024. Retrieved 16 March 2024. ;"The future of DUP big hitters could now lie in Jim Allister's hands". Belfast Telegraph. 16 March 2024. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ SDP (22 October 2022). "Reform UK and SDP Agree General Election Pact". SDP. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
- ^ "General election latest: Rishi Sunak announces 4 July vote in Downing Street statement". BBC News. 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
- ^ "Our Plan - Conservative Manifesto 2019". Conservative Party. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ "Boundary review launched". Boundary Commission for England. 24 February 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ "2018 Review of Westminster Parliamentary constituencies". Boundary Commission for Scotland. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ "2018 Review". Boundary Commission for Wales. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ a b "2018 Review". Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland. 16 February 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ^ "Towards final recommendations (and beyond)". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
- ^ "2018 Review". Boundary Commission for England. Archived from the original on 10 September 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ^ "2018 Review of Westminster Constituencies". Boundary Commission for Scotland. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ^ "2018 Review of Parliamentary constituencies". Boundary Commission for Wales. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ^ a b "Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020". Archived from the original on 6 August 2021.
- ^ Jones, Ian [@ian_a_jones] (10 September 2018). "New constituency boundaries could have given the Tories a majority of 16 at the last election (projection: Rallings/Thrasher)" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 October 2019 – via Twitter.
- ^ "New parliamentary map would have given Tories a majority of 16 at last election". ITV News. 10 September 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
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