45th United States Congress

45th United States Congress
44th ← → 46th
United States Capitol (1869)
March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1879
Members	76 senators 293 representatives 8 non-voting delegates
Senate majority	Republican
Senate President	William A. Wheeler (R)
House majority	Democratic
House Speaker	Samuel J. Randall (D)
Sessions
Special: March 5, 1877 – March 17, 1877 1st: October 15, 1877 – December 3, 1877 2nd: December 3, 1877 – June 20, 1878 3rd: December 2, 1878 – March 3, 1879

The Forty-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1877 to March 4, 1879, during the first two years of Rutherford Hayes's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1870. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

The 45th Congress remained politically divided between a Democratic House and Republican Senate. President Hayes vetoed an Army appropriations bill from the House which would have ended Reconstruction and prohibited the use of federal troops to protect polling stations in the former Confederacy. Striking back, Congress overrode another of Hayes’s vetoes and enacted the Bland-Allison Act that required the purchase and coining of silver. Congress also approved a generous increase in pension eligibility for Northern Civil War veterans.

Major events

See also: 1877 in the United States, 1878 in the United States, and 1879 in the United States

• March 4, 1877: Rutherford B. Hayes became President of the United States

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 45th United States Congress

• February 28, 1878: Bland–Allison Act (Coinage Act (Silver Dollar)), Sess. 2, ch. 20, 20 Stat. 25
• April 29, 1878: National Quarantine Act, Sess. 2, ch. 66, 20 Stat. 37
• June 3, 1878: Timber and Stone Act, Sess. 2, ch. 151, 20 Stat. 89
• June 18, 1878: Posse Comitatus Act, Sess. 2, ch. 263, §15, 20 Stat. 152

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

During this Congress, two Senate seats and one House seat were added for the new state, Colorado.

Senate

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant
	Anti- Monopoly (AM)	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Independent (I)
End of previous congress	1	28	47	0	76	0
Begin	1	35	39	1	76	0
End		36	38
Final voting share	1.3%	47.4%	50.0%	1.3%
Beginning of next congress	1	42	32	1	76	0

House of Representatives

	Party (shading shows control)						Total	Vacant
	Democratic (D)	Independent Democratic (ID)	Independent	Independent Republican	Republican (R)	National Greenback
End of previous congress	183	1	3	4	100	0	291	1
Begin	151	1	0	0	141	0	293	0
End	154				136		291	2
Final voting share	52.9%	0.3%	0.0%	0.0%	46.7%	0.0%
Non-voting members	3	0	0	0	5	0	8	0
Beginning of next congress	145	4	1	0	131	11	292	1

Leadership

President of the Senate
William A. Wheeler

Senate

• President: William A. Wheeler (R)
• President pro tempore: Thomas W. Ferry (R)

House of Representatives

• Speaker: Samuel J. Randall (D)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1880; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1882; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1878.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Alabama

• 3. George E. Spencer (R)
• 2. John T. Morgan (D)

Arkansas

• 3. Stephen W. Dorsey (R)
• 2. Augustus H. Garland (D)

California

• 3. Aaron A. Sargent (R)
• 1. Newton Booth (AM)

Colorado

• 3. Jerome B. Chaffee (R)
• 2. Henry M. Teller (R)

Connecticut

• 1. William W. Eaton (D)
• 3. William H. Barnum (D)

Delaware

• 1. Thomas F. Bayard, Sr. (D)
• 2. Eli M. Saulsbury (D)

Florida

• 3. Simon B. Conover (R)
• 1. Charles W. Jones (D)

Georgia

• 3. John B. Gordon (D)
• 2. Benjamin H. Hill (D)

Illinois

• 3. Richard J. Oglesby (R)
• 2. David Davis (I)

Indiana

• 3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R), until November 1, 1877
  • Daniel W. Voorhees (D), from November 6, 1877
• 1. Joseph E. McDonald (D)

Iowa

• 3. William B. Allison (R)
• 2. Samuel J. Kirkwood (R)

Kansas

• 3. John J. Ingalls (R)
• 2. Preston B. Plumb (R)

Kentucky

• 3. Thomas C. McCreery (D)
• 2. James B. Beck (D)

Louisiana

• 3. James B. Eustis (D)
• 2. William Pitt Kellogg (R)

Maine

• 1. Hannibal Hamlin (R)
• 2. James G. Blaine (R)

Maryland

• 3. George R. Dennis (D)
• 1. William Pinkney Whyte (D)

Massachusetts

• 1. Henry L. Dawes (R)
• 2. George F. Hoar (R)

Michigan

• 2. Thomas W. Ferry (R)
• 1. Isaac P. Christiancy (R), until February 10, 1879
  • Zachariah Chandler (R), from February 22, 1879

Minnesota

• 2. William Windom (R)
• 1. Samuel J. R. McMillan (R)

Mississippi

• 1. Blanche Bruce (R)
• 2. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)

Missouri

• 3. Lewis V. Bogy (D), until September 20, 1877
  • David H. Armstrong (D), September 29, 1877 - January 26, 1879
  • James Shields (D), from January 27, 1879
• 1. Francis Cockrell (D)

Nebraska

• 1. Algernon Paddock (R)
• 2. Alvin Saunders (R)

Nevada

• 3. John P. Jones (R)
• 1. William Sharon (R)

New Hampshire

• 3. Bainbridge Wadleigh (R)
• 2. Edward H. Rollins (R)

New Jersey

• 1. Theodore F. Randolph (D)
• 2. John R. McPherson (D)

New York

• 3. Roscoe Conkling (R)
• 1. Francis Kernan (D)

North Carolina

• 2. Matt W. Ransom (D)
• 3. Augustus S. Merrimon (D)

Ohio

• 3. John Sherman (R), until March 8, 1877
  • T. Stanley Matthews (R), from March 21, 1877
• 1. Allen G. Thurman (D)

Oregon

• 3. John H. Mitchell (R)
• 2. La Fayette Grover (D)

Pennsylvania

• 3. Simon Cameron (R), until March 12, 1877
  • J. Donald Cameron (R), from March 20, 1877
• 1. William A. Wallace (D)

Rhode Island

• 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)
• 1. Ambrose Burnside (R)

South Carolina

• 3. John J. Patterson (R)
• 2. Matthew Butler (D)

Tennessee

• 1. James E. Bailey (D)
• 2. Isham G. Harris (D)

Texas

• 1. Samuel B. Maxey (D)
• 2. Richard Coke (D)

Vermont

• 1. George F. Edmunds (R)
• 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

• 2. John W. Johnston (D)
• 1. Robert E. Withers (D)

West Virginia

• 2. Henry G. Davis (D)
• 1. Frank Hereford (D)

Wisconsin

• 3. Timothy O. Howe (R)
• 1. Angus Cameron (R)

President pro tempore Thomas W. Ferry

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

(9 Democrats)

• 1. James T. Jones (D)
• 2. Hilary A. Herbert (D)
• 3. Jeremiah N. Williams (D)
• 4. Charles M. Shelley (D)
• 5. Robert F. Ligon (D)
• 6. Goldsmith W. Hewitt (D)
• 7. William H. Forney (D)
• 8. William W. Garth (D)

Arkansas

(4 Democrats)

• 1. Lucien C. Gause (D)
• 2. William F. Slemons (D)
• 3. Jordan E. Cravens (ID)
• 4. Thomas M. Gunter (D)

California

(3-1 Republican)

• 1. Horace Davis (R)
• 2. Horace F. Page (R)
• 3. John K. Luttrell (D)
• 4. Romualdo Pacheco (R) until February 7, 1878
  • Peter D. Wigginton (D), from February 7, 1878

Colorado

(1 Republican)

• At-large. James B. Belford (R), until December 13, 1877
  • Thomas M. Patterson (D), from December 13, 1877

Connecticut

(4-3 Democratic)

• 1. George M. Landers (D)
• 2. James Phelps (D)
• 3. John T. Wait (R)
• 4. Levi Warner (D)

Delaware

(1 Democrat)

• At-large. James Williams (D)

Florida

(1-1 split)

• 1. Robert H. M. Davidson (D)
• 2. Horatio Bisbee, Jr. (R), until February 20, 1879
  • Jesse J. Finley (D), from February 20, 1879

Georgia

(9 Democrats)

• 1. Julian Hartridge (D), until January 8, 1879
  • William B. Fleming (D), from February 10, 1879
• 2. William E. Smith (D)
• 3. Philip Cook (D)
• 4. Henry R. Harris (D)
• 5. Milton A. Candler (D)
• 6. James H. Blount (D)
• 7. William H. Felton (ID)
• 8. Alexander Stephens (D)
• 9. Hiram P. Bell (D), from March 13, 1877

Illinois

(10-8 Republican)

• 1. William Aldrich (R)
• 2. Carter H. Harrison (D)
• 3. Lorenzo Brentano (R)
• 4. William Lathrop (R)
• 5. Horatio C. Burchard (R)
• 6. Thomas J. Henderson (R)
• 7. Philip C. Hayes (R)
• 8. Greenbury L. Fort (R)
• 9. Thomas A. Boyd (R)
• 10. Benjamin F. Marsh (R)
• 11. Robert M. Knapp (D)
• 12. William M. Springer (D)
• 13. Thomas F. Tipton (R)
• 14. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
• 15. John R. Eden (D)
• 16. William A. J. Sparks (D)
• 17. William R. Morrison (D)
• 18. William Hartzell (D)
• 19. Richard W. Townshend (D)

Indiana

(9-4 Republican)

• 1. Benoni S. Fuller (D)
• 2. Thomas R. Cobb (D)
• 3. George A. Bicknell (D)
• 4. Leonidas Sexton (R)
• 5. Thomas M. Browne (R)
• 6. Milton S. Robinson (R)
• 7. John Hanna (R)
• 8. Morton C. Hunter (R)
• 9. Michael D. White (R)
• 10. William H. Calkins (R)
• 11. James L. Evans (R)
• 12. Andrew H. Hamilton (D)
• 13. John H. Baker (R)

Iowa

(9 Republicans)

• 1. Joseph C. Stone (R)
• 2. Hiram Price (R)
• 3. Theodore W. Burdick (R)
• 4. Nathaniel C. Deering (R)
• 5. Rush Clark (R)
• 6. Ezekiel S. Sampson (R)
• 7. Henry J. B. Cummings (R)
• 8. William F. Sapp (R)
• 9. S. Addison Oliver (R)

Kansas

(3 Republicans)

• 1. William A. Phillips (R)
• 2. Dudley C. Haskell (R)
• 3. Thomas Ryan (R)

Kentucky

(10 Democrats)

• 1. Andrew Boone (D)
• 2. James A. McKenzie (D)
• 3. John William Caldwell (D)
• 4. J. Proctor Knott (D)
• 5. Albert S. Willis (D)
• 6. John G. Carlisle (D)
• 7. Joseph C. S. Blackburn (D)
• 8. Milton J. Durham (D)
• 9. Thomas Turner (D)
• 10. John B. Clarke (D)

Louisiana

(4-2 Democratic)

• 1. Randall L. Gibson (D)
• 2. E. John Ellis (D)
• 3. Chester B. Darrall (R), until February 20, 1878
  • Joseph H. Acklen (D), from February 20, 1878
• 4. Joseph B. Elam (D)
• 5. John E. Leonard (R), until March 15, 1878
  • John S. Young (D), from November 5, 1878
• 6. Edward W. Robertson (D)

Maine

(5 Republicans)

• 1. Thomas B. Reed (R)
• 2. William P. Frye (R)
• 3. Stephen D. Lindsey (R)
• 4. Llewellyn Powers (R)
• 5. Eugene Hale (R)

Maryland

(6 Democrats)

• 1. Daniel M. Henry (D)
• 2. Charles B. Roberts (D)
• 3. William Kimmel (D)
• 4. Thomas Swann (D)
• 5. Eli J. Henkle (D)
• 6. William Walsh (D)

Massachusetts

(10-1 Republican)

• 1. William W. Crapo (R)
• 2. Benjamin W. Harris (R)
• 3. Walbridge A. Field (R), until March 28, 1878
  • Benjamin Dean (D), from March 28, 1878
• 4. Leopold Morse (D)
• 5. Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
• 6. George B. Loring (R)
• 7. Benjamin F. Butler (R)
• 8. William Claflin (R)
• 9. William W. Rice (R)
• 10. Amasa Norcross (R)
• 11. George D. Robinson (R)

Michigan

(8-1 Republican)

• 1. Alpheus S. Williams (D), until December 21, 1878
• 2. Edwin Willits (R)
• 3. Jonas H. McGowan (R)
• 4. Edwin W. Keightley (R)
• 5. John W. Stone (R)
• 6. Mark S. Brewer (R)
• 7. Omar D. Conger (R)
• 8. Charles C. Ellsworth (R)
• 9. Jay A. Hubbell (R)

Minnesota

(3 Republicans)

• 1. Mark H. Dunnell (R)
• 2. Horace B. Strait (R)
• 3. Jacob H. Stewart (R)

Mississippi

(6 Democrats)

• 1. Henry L. Muldrow (D)
• 2. Vannoy H. Manning (D)
• 3. Hernando Money (D)
• 4. Otho R. Singleton (D)
• 5. Charles E. Hooker (D)
• 6. James R. Chalmers (D)

Missouri

(9-4 Democratic)

• 1. Anthony F. Ittner (R)
• 2. Nathan Cole (R)
• 3. Lyne S. Metcalfe (R)
• 4. Robert A. Hatcher (D)
• 5. Richard P. Bland (D)
• 6. Charles H. Morgan (D)
• 7. Thomas T. Crittenden (D)
• 8. Benjamin J. Franklin (D)
• 9. David Rea (D)
• 10. Henry M. Pollard (R)
• 11. John B. Clark, Jr. (D)
• 12. John M. Glover (D)
• 13. Aylett H. Buckner (D)

Nebraska

(2 Republicans)

• At-large. Frank Welch (R), until September 4, 1878
  • Thomas J. Majors (R), from November 5, 1878

Nevada

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Thomas Wren (R)

New Hampshire

(2-1 Republican)

• 1. Frank Jones (D)
• 2. James F. Briggs (R)
• 3. Henry W. Blair (R)

New Jersey

(4-3 Republican)

• 1. Clement H. Sinnickson (R)
• 2. John H. Pugh (R)
• 3. Miles Ross (D)
• 4. Alvah A. Clark (D)
• 5. Augustus W. Cutler (D)
• 6. Thomas B. Peddie (R)
• 7. Augustus A. Hardenbergh (D)

New York

(18-16 Republican)

• 1. James W. Covert (D)
• 2. William D. Veeder (D)
• 3. Simeon B. Chittenden (R)
• 4. Archibald M. Bliss (D)
• 5. Nicholas Muller (D)
• 6. Samuel S. Cox (D)
• 7. Anthony Eickhoff (D)
• 8. Anson G. McCook (R)
• 9. Fernando Wood (D)
• 10. Abram S. Hewitt (D)
• 11. Benjamin A. Willis (D)
• 12. Clarkson N. Potter (D)
• 13. John H. Ketcham (R)
• 14. George M. Beebe (D)
• 15. Stephen L. Mayham (D)
• 16. Terence J. Quinn (D), until June 18, 1878
  • John M. Bailey (R), from November 5, 1878
• 17. Martin I. Townsend (R)
• 18. Andrew Williams (R)
• 19. Amaziah B. James (R)
• 20. John H. Starin (R)
• 21. Solomon Bundy (R)
• 22. George A. Bagley (R)
• 23. William J. Bacon (R)
• 24. William H. Baker (R)
• 25. Frank Hiscock (R)
• 26. John H. Camp (R)
• 27. Elbridge G. Lapham (R)
• 28. Jeremiah W. Dwight (R)
• 29. John N. Hungerford (R)
• 30. E. Kirke Hart (D)
• 31. Charles B. Benedict (D)
• 32. Daniel N. Lockwood (D)
• 33. George W. Patterson (R)

North Carolina

(7-1 Democratic)

• 1. Jesse J. Yeates (D)
• 2. Curtis H. Brogden (R)
• 3. Alfred M. Waddell (D)
• 4. Joseph J. Davis (D)
• 5. Alfred M. Scales (D)
• 6. Walter L. Steele (D)
• 7. William M. Robbins (D)
• 8. Robert B. Vance (D)

Ohio

(12-8 Republican)

• 1. Milton Sayler (D)
• 2. Henry B. Banning (D)
• 3. Mills Gardner (R)
• 4. John A. McMahon (D)
• 5. Americus V. Rice (D)
• 6. Jacob D. Cox (R)
• 7. Henry L. Dickey (D)
• 8. J. Warren Keifer (R)
• 9. John S. Jones (R)
• 10. Charles Foster (R)
• 11. Henry S. Neal (R)
• 12. Thomas Ewing, Jr. (D)
• 13. Milton I. Southard (D)
• 14. Ebenezer B. Finley (D)
• 15. Nelson H. Van Vorhes (R)
• 16. Lorenzo Danford (R)
• 17. William McKinley, Jr. (R)
• 18. James Monroe (R)
• 19. James A. Garfield (R)
• 20. Amos Townsend (R)

Oregon

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Richard Williams (R)

Pennsylvania

(17-10 Republican)

• 1. Chapman Freeman (R)
• 2. Charles O'Neill (R)
• 3. Samuel J. Randall (D)
• 4. William D. Kelley (R)
• 5. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
• 6. William Ward (R)
• 7. I. Newton Evans (R)
• 8. Hiester Clymer (D)
• 9. A. Herr Smith (R)
• 10. Samuel A. Bridges (D)
• 11. Francis D. Collins (D)
• 12. Hendrick B. Wright (D)
• 13. James B. Reilly (D)
• 14. John W. Killinger (R)
• 15. Edward Overton, Jr. (R)
• 16. John I. Mitchell (R)
• 17. Jacob M. Campbell (R)
• 18. William Stenger (D)
• 19. Levi Maish (D)
• 20. Levi A. Mackey (D)
• 21. Jacob Turney (D)
• 22. Russell Errett (R)
• 23. Thomas M. Bayne (R)
• 24. William S. Shallenberger (R)
• 25. Harry White (R)
• 26. John M. Thompson (R)
• 27. Lewis F. Watson (R)

Rhode Island

(2 Republicans)

• 1. Benjamin T. Eames (R)
• 2. Latimer W. Ballou (R)

South Carolina

(3-2 Republican)

• 1. Joseph Rainey (R)
• 2. Richard H. Cain (R)
• 3. D. Wyatt Aiken (D)
• 4. John H. Evins (D)
• 5. Robert Smalls (R)

Tennessee

(8-2 Democratic)

• 1. James H. Randolph (R)
• 2. Jacob M. Thornburgh (R)
• 3. George G. Dibrell (D)
• 4. Haywood Y. Riddle (D)
• 5. John M. Bright (D)
• 6. John F. House (D)
• 7. Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
• 8. John D. C. Atkins (D)
• 9. William P. Caldwell (D)
• 10. H. Casey Young (D)

Texas

(6 Democrats)

• 1. John H. Reagan (D)
• 2. David B. Culberson (D)
• 3. James W. Throckmorton (D)
• 4. Roger Q. Mills (D)
• 5. De Witt C. Giddings (D)
• 6. Gustave Schleicher (D), until January 10, 1879

Vermont

(3 Republicans)

• 1. Charles H. Joyce (R)
• 2. Dudley C. Denison (R)
• 3. George W. Hendee (R)

Virginia

(8-1 Democratic)

• 1. Beverly B. Douglas (D), until December 22, 1878
  • Richard Lee T. Beale (D), from January 23, 1879
• 2. John Goode, Jr. (D)
• 3. Gilbert C. Walker (D)
• 4. Joseph Jorgensen (R)
• 5. George Cabell (D)
• 6. John R. Tucker (D)
• 7. John T. Harris (D)
• 8. Eppa Hutton, II (D)
• 9. Auburn Pridemore (D)

West Virginia

(3 Democrats)

• 1. Benjamin Wilson (D)
• 2. Benjamin F. Martin (D)
• 3. John E. Kenna (D)

Wisconsin

(4-3 Republican)

• 1. Charles G. Williams (R)
• 2. Lucien B. Caswell (R)
• 3. George C. Hazelton (R)
• 4. William P. Lynde (D)
• 5. Edward S. Bragg (D)
• 6. Gabriel Bouck (D)
• 7. Herman L. Humphrey (R)
• 8. Thaddeus C. Pound (R)

Non-voting members

(5-3 Republican)

• Arizona Territory. Hiram S. Stevens (D)
• Dakota Territory. Jefferson P. Kidder (R)
• Idaho Territory. Stephen S. Fenn (D)
• Montana Territory. Martin Maginnis (D)
• New Mexico Territory. Trinidad Romero (R)
• Utah Territory. George Q. Cannon (R)
• Washington Territory. Orange Jacobs (R)
• Wyoming Territory. William W. Corlett (R)

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80.1-100% Democratic	80.1-100% Republican
60.1-80% Democratic	60.1-80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Speaker Samuel J. Randall

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

• replacements: 5
  • Democratic: 1 seat net gain
  • Republican: 1 seat net loss
• deaths: 2
• resignations: 3
• interim appointments: 1
• contested elections: 0
• Total seats with changes: 5

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

|- | Ohio (3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | John Sherman (R) | Resigned March 8, 1877 to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor elected March 21, 1877. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Stanley Matthews (R) | March 21, 1877

|- | Pennsylvania (3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Simon Cameron (R) | Resigned March 12, 1877.
Successor elected March 20, 1877. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | J. Donald Cameron (R) | March 20, 1877

|- | Missouri (3) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lewis V. Bogy (D) | Died September 20, 1877.
Successor was appointed September 29, 1877 to continue the term. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | David H. Armstrong (D) | September 29, 1877

|- | Indiana (3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Oliver P. Morton (R) | Died November 1, 1877.
Successor elected January 31, 1879. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Daniel W. Voorhees (D) | November 6, 1877

|- | Missouri (3) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | David H. Armstrong (D) | Interim appointee retired.
Successor elected January 26, 1879. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | James Shields (D) | January 27, 1879

|- | Michigan (1) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Isaac P. Christiancy (R) | Resigned February 10, 1879 due to ill health.
Successor elected February 22, 1879. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Zachariah Chandler (R) | February 22, 1879

|}

House of Representatives

• replacements: 10
  • Democratic: 5 seat net gain
  • Republican: 5 seat net loss
• deaths: 7
• resignations: 1
• contested election: 5
• Total seats with changes: 13

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep |- | Georgia 9th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep Benjamin Harvey Hill resigned in previous congress | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Hiram P. Bell (D) | March 13, 1877 |- | Colorado At-large | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | James B. Belford (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election December 13, 1877 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas M. Patterson (D) | December 13, 1877 |- | California 4th | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Romualdo Pacheco (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election February 7, 1878 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Peter D. Wigginton (D) | February 7, 1878 |- | Louisiana 3rd | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Chester B. Darrall (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election February 20, 1878 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph H. Acklen (D) | February 20, 1878 |- | Louisiana 5th | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | John E. Leonard (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 15, 1878 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | J. Smith Young (D) | November 5, 1878 |- | Massachusetts 3rd | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Walbridge A. Field (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election March 28, 1878 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Benjamin Dean (D) | March 28, 1878 |- | New York 16th | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Terence J. Quinn (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 18, 1878 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | John M. Bailey (R) | November 5, 1878 |- | Nebraska At-large | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Frank Welch (R) | style="font-size:80%" |Died September 4, 1878 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Thomas J. Majors (R) | November 5, 1878 |- | Michigan 1st | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alpheus S. Williams (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 21, 1878 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Virginia 1st | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Beverly B. Douglas (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 22, 1878 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Richard L. T. Beale (D) | January 23, 1879 |- | Georgia 1st | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Julian Hartridge (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 8, 1879 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | William B. Fleming (D) | February 10, 1879 |- | Texas 6th | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Gustav Schleicher (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 10, 1879 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Florida 2nd | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Horatio Bisbee, Jr. (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election February 20, 1879 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Jesse J. Finley (D) | February 20, 1879 |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

• Agriculture
• Appropriations
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
• Civil Service and Retrenchment
• Claims
• Commerce
• Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
• District of Columbia
• Education and Labor
• Elections of 1878 (Select)
• Engrossed Bills
• Epidemic Diseases (Select)
• Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Select)
• Finance
• Foreign Relations
• Hot Springs (Arkansas) Commission (Special)
• Indian Affairs
• Judiciary
• Late Presidential Election Louisiana
• Manufactures
• Mexican Relations (Select)
• Military Affairs
• Mines and Mining
• Mississippi River Levee System (Select)
• Naval Affairs
• Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
• Patents
• Pensions
• Post Office and Post Roads
• Private Land Claims
• Privileges and Elections
• Public Lands
• Railroads
• Revision of the Laws
• Revolutionary Claims
• Rules
• Tariff Regulation (Select)
• Tenth Census (Select)
• Territories
• Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select)
• Treasury Department Account Discrepancies (Select)
• Whole

House of Representatives

• Accounts
• Agriculture
• Appropriations
• Banking and Currency
• Claims
• Coinage, Weights and Measures
• Commerce
• District of Columbia
• Education and Labor
• Elections
• Enrolled Bills
• Expenditures in the Interior Department
• Expenditures in the Justice Department
• Expenditures in the Navy Department
• Expenditures in the Post Office Department
• Expenditures in the State Department
• Expenditures in the Treasury Department
• Expenditures in the War Department
• Expenditures on Public Buildings
• Foreign Affairs
• Indian Affairs
• Invalid Pensions
• Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River
• Manufactures
• Mileage
• Military Affairs
• Militia
• Mines and Mining
• Mississippi Levees
• Naval Affairs
• Pacific Railroads
• Patents
• Post Office and Post Roads
• Public Buildings and Grounds
• Public Expenditures
• Public Lands
• Railways and Canals
• Revision of Laws
• Rules (Select)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories
• War Claims
• Ways and Means
• Whole

Joint committees

• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Reorganization of the Army
• Transfer of the Indian Bureau

Employees

• Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
• Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
• Public Printer of the United States: John D. Defrees

Senate

• Chaplain: Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian)
• Secretary: George C. Gorham
• Sergeant at Arms: John R. French

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: John Poise (Methodist)
  • W. P. Harrison (Methodist), elected December 3, 1877
• Clerk: George M. Adams
• Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: William H. Scudder
  • J. Randolph Tucker, Jr.
• Doorkeeper: John W. Polk
• Postmaster: James M. Steuart
• Sergeant at Arms: John G. Thompson

See also

• United States elections, 1876 (elections leading to this Congress)
  • United States presidential election, 1876
  • United States Senate elections, 1876
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1876
• United States elections, 1878 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 1878 and 1879
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1878

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

External links

• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: House History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists

• Congressional Directory for the 45th Congress, 1st Session.
• Congressional Directory for the 45th Congress, 2nd Session.
• Congressional Directory for the 45th Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision).
• Congressional Directory for the 45th Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision).
• Congressional Directory for the 45th Congress, 3rd Session.