Gribenes
 Chicken gribenes | |
| Alternative names | Grieven |
|---|---|
| Type | Snack, side dish, or garnish |
| Created by | Ashkenazi Jews |
| Main ingredients | Chicken or goose skin, onions |
Gribenes or grieven (Yiddish: גריבענעס, romanized: ˈɡribənəs, lit. 'cracklings'[1]; Hebrew: גלדי שומן) is a dish consisting of crisp chicken or goose skin cracklings with fried onions.
Etymology
[edit]The word gribenes is related to the German Griebe (plural Grieben) meaning "piece of fat, crackling" (from the Old High German griobo via the Middle High German griebe),[2] where Griebenschmalz is schmaltz from which the cracklings have not been removed.
History
[edit]A favored food in the past among Ashkenazi Jews,[2][3] gribenes appears in Jewish stories and parables, for example in the work of the Hebrew poet Chaim Nachman Bialik.[4] As with other cracklings, gribenes are a byproduct of rendering animal fat to produce cooking fat, in this case kosher schmaltz.[5][2][3]
Gribenes can be used as an ingredient in dishes like kasha varnishkes, fleishig kugel, and gehakte leber.[6]
Gribenes is often associated with the Jewish holidays Hanukkah and Rosh Hashanah.[2][3] Traditionally, gribenes were served with potato kugel or latkes during Hanukkah.[3][7] It is also associated with Passover, because large amounts of schmaltz, with its resulting byproduct gribenes, were traditionally used in Passover recipes.[2][8]
Uses
[edit]Gribenes can be eaten as a snack on rye or pumpernickel bread with salt,[9] or used in recipes such as chopped liver,[10] or all of the above.[8] It is often served as a side dish with pastrami on rye or hot dogs.[10][11]
The dish is eaten as a midnight snack,[12] or appetizer.[2][11] In Louisiana, Jews add gribenes to jambalaya in place of (treyf) shrimp.[2] It was served to children on challah bread as a treat.[3] It can also be served in a GLT, a modified version of a BLT sandwich that replaces bacon with gribenes.[13]
See also
[edit]- Jewish cuisine
- List of chicken dishes
- Taillé aux greubons
- Grammeln, cvarci, and salo - similar European dishes derived from pork fat
References
[edit]- ^ Various dialectal versions exists as well: Yiddish: גריווענעס, romanized: ˈɡrivənəs, Yiddish: גריוונס, romanized: ɡrivns, Yiddish: גריבן, romanized: ɡribn, etc. See: Baviskar, Vera; Herzog, Marvin; Weinreich, Uriel (1992). The Language and culture atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry. Tübingen : New York: M. Niemeyer; Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. p. 123. ISBN 9783484730052.
- ^ a b c d e f g Gil Marks, Encyclopedia of Jewish Food, p. 239 (John Wiley and Sons, 2010). ISBN 978-0-470-39130-3. Found at Google Books. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Esther Rosenblum Cohen, "Chicken Fat", Jewish Magazine, August 2007. Found at Jewish Magazine online. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ Random Harvest: The Novellas Of Bialik
- ^ Claudia Roden, The Book of Jewish Food, Penguin Books, 1999, p. 56
- ^ Grossinger, Jennie (1958). The Art of Jewish Cooking. Random House.
- ^ Miriam Rubin, "This kugel is about NOT using your noodles", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, November 22, 2010. Found at Pittsburgh Post-Gazette website. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ a b Karen Miltner, Blog, "What's on My Plate: Miscellaneous Monday musings", Democrat and Chronicle, November 29, 2010. Found at Democrat and Chronicle, online blogs section. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ Amy Scattergood, "Chef recipes: A Recipe From the Chef: Ilan Hall's Gribenes Sandwich," LA Weekly, December 23, 2009. Found at LA Weekly website Archived 2012-04-05 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ a b P Campbell, "Restaurant News, Updates: Pastrami, babka and schmaltz and gribenes", October 14, 2010. Found at Cincinnati.com website Archived 2010-10-22 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ a b Frank Bruni, "Quit Kibitzing and Pass the Gribenes", New York Times, February 13, 2008. Found at New York Times website. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ "Recipes: Charlie Klatskin's Gribenes," found at PBS website. Accessed January 4, 2011.
- ^ Scattergood, Amy (2009-12-23). "A Recipe From the Chef: Ilan Hall's Gribenes Sandwich". L.A. Weekly. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
External links
[edit]| History | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Types | |||||||||
| Religious dietary laws | |||||||||
| Chefs | |||||||||
| Religious foods | |||||||||
| Breads |
| ||||||||
| Sweets |
| ||||||||
| Pastries | |||||||||
| Fried foods | |||||||||
| Dumplings, pastas and grain dishes | |||||||||
| Casseroles and savory baked dishes | |||||||||
| Snacks and other baked goods | |||||||||
| Sandwiches | |||||||||
| Egg dishes | |||||||||
| Meat dishes | |||||||||
| Fish dishes | |||||||||
| Salads and pickles | |||||||||
| Vegetable dishes | |||||||||
| Soups and stews | |||||||||
| Cheeses and other dairy products | |||||||||
| Condiments, dips and sauces | |||||||||
| Beverages | |||||||||
| Herbs, spices and seasonings | |||||||||
| Eateries | |||||||||
| Related lists | |||||||||
