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75th United States Congress

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75th United States Congress
74th ←
→ 76th
United States Capitol (1956)
January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939
Members96 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentJohn N. Garner (D)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerWilliam B. Bankhead (D)
Sessions
1st: January 5, 1937 – August 21, 1937
2nd: November 15, 1937 – December 21, 1937
3rd: January 3, 1938 – June 16, 1938
Washington, D.C., March 25, 1937: Navy Chaplain Edward Duff opens the House of Representatives with a prayer for the first time since 1820. It was the first time in 117 years that the Navy was again honored in giving the invocation. Left to right: James S. Montgomery, Chaplain of the House; Speaker William Bankhead; and Capt. Edward A. Duff, Chief of Chaplains U.S. Navy

The Seventy-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1937 to January 3, 1939, during the first two years of the second administration of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. (Because of the 20th amendment, starting in 1937 the new Presidential term began 17 days after that of the new Congress). The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fifteenth United States Census, conducted in 1930. Both chambers had a Democratic supermajority.

Major events

Main articles: 1937 in the United States, 1938 in the United States, and 1939 in the United States

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation, 1901–2001 § 75th United States Congress

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Farmer-
Labor
(F)		Progressive
(P)		Republican
(R)		Independent
(I)
End of previous congress 73 1 1 21 0 96 0
Begin 75 2 1 16 1 95 1
End 74 18 960
Final voting share 77.1% 2.1% 1.0% 18.8% 1.0%
Beginning of next congress 70 2 1 22 1 96 0

House of Representatives

TOTAL members: 435

Leadership

(L-R): House Speaker William Bankhead, Senate Majority Leader Alben Barkley, and House Majority Leader Sam Rayburn
(L-R): Vice President John Nance Garner, Senate Majority Leader Alben Barkley, Speaker of the House William Bankhead, and House Majority Leader Sam Rayburn, January 9, 1939

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate

|- | Iowa
(2) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Herring chose to remain as Governor of Iowa until term expired. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Clyde L. Herring (D) | January 15, 1937 |- | Tennessee
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Nathan L. Bachman (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 23, 1937. Successor was appointed to serve until the next election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | George L. Berry (D) | May 6, 1937 |- | Arkansas
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph T. Robinson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 14, 1937 | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John E. Miller (D) | November 15, 1937 |- | Alabama
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Hugo Black (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 19, 1937 after being appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Successor was appointed to serve until the next election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Dixie Bibb Graves (D) | August 20, 1937 |- | Alabama
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Dixie Bibb Graves (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 10, 1938 after successor was elected. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | J. Lister Hill (D) | January 11, 1938 |- | New Jersey
(1) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | A. Harry Moore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 17, 1938 after being elected Governor of New Jersey. Successor was appointed to serve until the next election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John G. Milton (D) | January 18, 1938 |- | Oregon
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Frederick Steiwer (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 31, 1938. Successor was appointed to serve until the next election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alfred E. Reames (D) | February 1, 1938 |- | New York
(1) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Royal S. Copeland (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 17, 1938. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James M. Mead (D) | December 3, 1938 |- | California
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | William G. McAdoo (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 8, 1938 after losing nomination for upcoming term. Successor was appointed to serve until the next election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas M. Storke (D) | November 9, 1938 |- | New Jersey
(1) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John G. Milton (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor was elected November 8, 1838. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | William W. Barbour (R) | November 8, 1938 |- | Oregon
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alfred E. Reames (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor was elected November 8, 1938. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Alexander G. Barry (R) | November 9, 1938 |- | South Dakota
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Herbert E. Hitchcock (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Appointed during previous congress to fill term of Sen. Peter Norbeck. Unsuccessful candidate for full term. Successor was elected November 8, 1838. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Gladys Pyle (R) | November 9, 1938 |- | Tennessee
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | George L. Berry (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Unsuccessful candidate for full term. Successor was elected November 8, 1838. Although eligible and elected, did not "take his seat" as he preferred to remain as district attorney general. Nevertheless, his service begins when eligible and elected, not upon the taking of an oath.[1] | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Tom Stewart (D) | November 8, 1838.

|}

House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep

|- | Virginia 3rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Andrew Jackson Montague (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 24, 1937 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Dave E. Satterfield, Jr. (D) | November 2, 1937 |- | Texas 10th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James P. Buchanan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 22, 1937 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lyndon B. Johnson (D) | April 10, 1937 |- | California 10th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Henry E. Stubbs (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 28, 1937 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alfred J. Elliott (D) | May 4, 1937 |- | Pennsylvania 18th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Benjamin K. Focht (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 27, 1937 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Richard M. Simpson (R) | May 11, 1937 |- | New York 27th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Philip A. Goodwin (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 6, 1937 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Lewis K. Rockefeller (R) | November 2, 1937 |- | Massachusetts 7th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | William P. Connery, Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 15, 1937 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lawrence J. Connery (D) | September 28, 1937 |- | New York 17th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Theodore A. Peyser (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 8, 1937 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Bruce F. Barton (R) | November 2, 1937 |- | Ohio 4th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Frank Le Blond Kloeb (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 19, 1937 after being appointed as a justice of United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio, Western Div. | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Walter H. Albaugh (R) | November 8, 1938 |- | New York 25th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Charles D. Millard (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 29, 1937 after being elected surrogate of Westchester County, New York | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Ralph A. Gamble (R) | November 2, 1937 |- | Massachusetts 11th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John P. Higgins (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 30, 1937 after being appointed chief justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Flaherty (D) | December 14, 1937 |- | Oklahoma 5th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert P. Hill (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 29, 1937 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Gomer Griffith Smith (D) | December 10, 1937 |- | Arkansas 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John E. Miller (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 14, 1937 after being elected to the US Senate | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Pennsylvania 33rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Henry Ellenbogen (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 3, 1938 after being elected judge of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Alabama 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | J. Lister Hill (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 11, 1938 after being elected to the US Senate | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | George M. Grant (D) | June 14, 1938 |- | New Jersey 9th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Edward A. Kenney (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 27, 1938 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | California 17th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Charles J. Colden (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 15, 1938 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Kentucky 8th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Fred M. Vinson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 27, 1938 after being appointed associate justice on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joe B. Bates (D) | June 4, 1938 |- | New Hampshire 1st | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Arthur B. Jenks (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election June 9, 1938 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alphonse Roy (D) | June 9, 1938 |- | South Carolina 6th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Allard H. Gasque (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 17, 1938 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Elizabeth Hawley Gasque (D) | September 13, 1937 |- | New York 1st | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Robert L. Bacon (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 12, 1938 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Resident Commissioner of the Philippines | Quintin Paredes (NAC) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 29, 1938 | Joaquín Miguel Elizalde (NAC) | September 29, 1938 |- | New York 15th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John J. Boylan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 5, 1938 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Iowa 1st | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Edward C. Eicher (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 2, 1938 after being appointed a commissioner to the Securities and Exchange Commission | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | New York 42nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James M. Mead (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 2, 1938 after being elected to the US Senate | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Maryland 5th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Stephen W. Gambrill (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 19, 1938 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |}

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

References

  1. ^ a b Tom Stewart won a special election November 8, 1838. Although eligible and elected, did not "take his seat" as he preferred to remain as district attorney general. Nevertheless, his service begins when eligible and elected, not upon the taking of an oath.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Official Congressional Directory for the United States Congress. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. 1937. pp. 760.
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