Troponin T
Troponin T (shortened TnT[1]) is a part of the troponin complex, which are proteins integral to the contraction of skeletal and heart muscles. They are expressed in skeletal and cardiac myocytes. Troponin T binds to tropomyosin and helps position it on actin,[2] and together with the rest of the troponin complex, modulates contraction of striated muscle.[3] The cardiac subtype of troponin T is especially useful in the laboratory diagnosis of heart attack because it is released into the blood-stream when damage to heart muscle occurs.[4] It was discovered by the German physician Hugo A. Katus at the University of Heidelberg, who also developed the troponin T assay.
Subtypes
- Slow skeletal troponin T1, TNNT1 (19q13.4, 191041)
- Cardiac troponin T2, TNNT2 (1q32, 191045)
- Fast skeletal troponin T3, TNNT3 (11p15.5, 600692)
Reference values
The 99th percentile cutoff for cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is 0.01 ng/mL.[5] The reference range for the high sensitivity troponin T is a normal < 14 ng/L, borderline of 14-52 ng/L, and elevated of >52 ng/L.[6]
Background
The troponin complex is responsible for coupling the sarcomere contraction cycle to variations in intracellular calcium concentration. Increased troponin T levels after an episode of chest pain indicates myocardial infarction.[7] It was discovered by the German physician Hugo A. Katus at the University of Heidelberg. He also developed the troponin T assay.[8] In patients with stable coronary artery disease, the troponin T concentration has long been found to be significantly associated with the incidence of cardiovascular death and heart failure, but it was 2014 before it began to be accepted as a predictor of who would later suffer acute myocardial infarction (heart attack).[9][10]
See also
References
- ^ Jin, Jian-Ping (2016-01-01), Jeon, Kwang W. (ed.), "Chapter One - Evolution, Regulation, and Function of N-terminal Variable Region of Troponin T: Modulation of Muscle Contractility and Beyond", International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, vol. 321, Academic Press, pp. 1–28, retrieved 2020-06-19
- ^ marieb, elaine (2004)
- ^ black, joyce (2005)
- ^ Braunwald's Heart Disease. Elsevier Saunders. 2015. p. 433. ISBN 978-1-4557-5134-1.
- ^ Ashvarya Mangla. "Troponins". medscape. Retrieved 2017-07-24. Updated: Jan 14, 2015
- ^ "Troponin T, High Sensitivity". www.calgarylabservices.com. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
- ^ Michael A. Chen. "Troponin test". MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2017-07-24. Review Date 10/6/2015
- ^ "Development of the Cardiac Troponin T Immunoassay". American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc. 2008. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
- ^ Omland, Torbjørn; De Lemos, James A.; Sabatine, Marc S.; Christophi, Costas A.; Rice, Madeline Murguia; Jablonski, Kathleen A.; Tjora, Solve; Domanski, Michael J.; Gersh, Bernard J.; Rouleau, Jean L.; Pfeffer, Marc A.; Braunwald, Eugene (2009). "A Sensitive Cardiac Troponin T Assay in Stable Coronary Artery Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 361 (26): 2538–2547. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0805299. PMC 2997684. PMID 19940289.
- ^ "Health Conditions: Diseases, conditions & medical information - MSN Health & Fitness". healthyliving.msn.com. Retrieved 12 April 2018.[permanent dead link]
External links
- Troponin+T at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)