List of car brands
Appearance
This is an incomplete list of every brand (also known as make or marque) of car ever produced. Some are from manufacturing companies that also use their company name as a brand name, others are from subsidiary companies or divisions, or are products of badge engineering.
Brands by country
Argentina
Active brands
Former brands
- Anasagasti (1911–1915)
- Andino (1967–1973)
- Hispano-Argentina (1925–1953)
- Eniak (1983–1989)
- Industrias Aeronáuticas y Mecánicas del Estado (IAME, Mechanical Aircraft Industries of the State, 1951–1979), not to be confused with Italian American Motor Engineering
- Industrias Eduardo Sal-Lari (IES, 1983–1990)
- Industrias Kaiser Argentina (IKA, 1956–1975) United Kingdom
Australia
Active brands
- Birchfield (2003–04?)
- Bolwell (1963–present)
- Bullet (1996–present)
- Carbontech[1] (1999–present)
- Classic Glass
- Daytona (2002–present)
- Devaux (2001–present) [citation needed]
- DRB (1997–present)
- E-Vade[2]
- Elfin (1957–present)
- Finch
- Joss
- Nota (1955–present)
- Pioneer [3] (1897–1898)
- PRB
- Python (1981–present)
- Tomcar (2005–present)
Former brands
- Ascort (1958–1960)
- Austin
- Bush Ranger (???? to 2016)
- Australian Six (1919–1930)
- Australis (1897–1907)
- Blade (2008–2013)
- Buchanan
- Buckle (1955–1959)
- Caldwell Vale (1907–1913)
- Cheetah
- Chrysler (1957 to 1981)
- FPV (2002–2014)
- Ford (1925–2016) (Continues as a brand applied to imported cars)
- Goggomobil (1958–1961)
- Giocattolo (1986–1989)
- Holden (1948–2017) (Holden continues as a brand applied to imported cars)
- HSV (1987–2017)
- Ilinga
- Hartnett (1949–1955)
- Leyland (1973–1982)
- Lonsdale (1982 to 1983) (Cars produced and exported by Mitsubishi Australia and sold in the UK by the Colt Car Company under the Lonsdale brand)
- Lloyd-Hartnett (1957–1962)
- Kaditcha
- Mitsubishi (1980 to 2008) (The brand continued to be used in Australia for fully imported cars after 2008)
- Morris (1947 to 1973)
- Nissan (1983 to 1992) (The brand continued to be used in Australia for fully imported cars after 1992)
- Pellandini (1970–1978)
- Purvis Eureka (1974–1991)
- Southern Cross (1931–1935)
- Shrike (1988–1989)
- Statesman (1971–1984)
- Tarrant (1900 to 1907)
- Toyota Australian production finished (1963–2017)
- Zeta (1963–1965)
Azerbaijan
Active brands
- NAZ (2010–present)
- Ganja Machine Factory (1986–present)
- AzSamand (2006–present)
- Khazar (2018-present)
Belgium
Former brands
- Apal (1962 to 1998)
- Belga Rise
- Excelsior (1904 to ????)
- FN
- Imperia (1906 to 1948)
- Minerva
- Ranger (General Motors brand) (1970 to 1978)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Former brands
Brazil
Active brands
- Abais[citation needed]
- Adamo GT[citation needed]
- Agrale (1982–present)
- Americar
- Amoritz GT
- Avallone
- Bianco [citation needed]
- BRM Buggy (1969–present)
- Bugre (1970–present) [citation needed]
- Centaurus
- Chamonix (1987–present)
- Dacon (?-1964)
- Dardo (1981)
- Democrata (1967)
- Edra (1989–present) [citation needed]
- Kremer[citation needed]
- Lobini (2002–present)
- Matra
- San Vito [citation needed]
- TAC (2004–present)
- Tanger [citation needed]
- Troller (1998–present)
- Vemag[citation needed]
- Villa GT[citation needed]
- Volkswagen (1953 to date)
- W.W. Trevis (1998–present)[citation needed]
Former brands
- Engesa (1963–1993)
- Envemo (1978–c.1994)[citation needed]
- Equus Thundix[citation needed]
- Fabral
- Farus
- Gurgel (1966–1995)
- Hofstetter turbo (1986–1989)
- FNM (1960–1963)
- Miura (1977–c.1987)[citation needed]
- MP Lafer (1974–c.1990)
- Puma (1967–1997)
- Santa Matilde (1977–c.1997)
- Uirapuru (1966–1968)
- Willys
Bulgaria
Active brands
Former brands
Canada
Active brands
- ElectraMeccanica (2015–present)
- Intermeccanica (1959–present)
Former brands
- Acadian (1961–1971)
- Amherst (1912)
- Asüna (1992–1995)
- Beaumont
- Bourassa (1926)[citation needed]
- Bricklin (1974–1975)
- Brock (1921)
- Brooks (1923–1926)
- Canadian (1921)
- Canadian Motor (1900–1902)
- Clinton (1911–1912)
- Colonial (1922)
- Dominion Motors Frontenac (1931–1933)
- Enterra (1987)
- Envoy
- Epic
- Frontenac (1959–1960)
- Gareau (1910)
- Gray-Dort (1915–1925)
- London Six (1922–1924)
- Manic GT (1969–1971)
- McLaughlin (1908–1922)
- Meteor (1949–1976)
- Monarch (1946–1961)
- Moose Jaw Standard (1916–1919)
- Queen (1901–1903)
- Studebaker (1963–1966)
- Tudhope (1906–1913)
- ZENN (2006–2010)
China
- BAIC Group
- Baolong (1998–present)
- Beijing Automotive Industry Holding Corporation
- Beijing Automobile Works (1958–present)
- BYD (2003–present)
- Chang'an Motors (1990–present)
- Chery (Qirui) (1997–present)
- Dadi
- Dongfeng (1969–present)
- Dongfeng Fengshen
- Venucia (2010–present)
- First Automobile Works (FAW) (1953–present)
- Haima Automobile (2004–present)
- Hongqi (Red Flag) (1958–present)
- Huali
- FAW Tianjin (Xiali) (1986–present)
- Forta
- Foton (1996–present)
- Fudi (1996–present)
- Fukang (company) (1990–present)
- Fuqi
- Geely (Jili) (1998–present)
- Zhejiang Geely Automobile
- Shanghai Maple Guorun Automobile (2003–present)
- And is the majority shareholder in
- Great Wall Motors (1984–present)
- Green Field Motor (2010–present)
- Guangzhou Automobile Industry Group (GAIG) (2000–present)
- Guizhou / Yunque
- Hwanghai
- Hawtai (Huatai)
- Huachen (Brilliance)
- Huanghai
- Huayang
- Jianghuai (JAC) (1999–present)
- Jiangling (JMC) (1993–present)
- Kingstar (2004–Present)
- Jiangnan (company) (1988–present)
- Jonway (2005–present)
- Lifan (2005–present)
- Li Nian (Everus) (2010–present )
- Qoros (2013–present)
- Shaanxi Automobile Group
- SAIC Motor
- Roewe (2006–present)
- Wuling (1958–present)
- Nanjing Automobile Corporation (NAC) (1947–present)
- Nanjing Soyat (2004–present)
- Yuejin (1995–present)
- Sichuan Tengzhong
- Shuanghuan (1998–present)
- Soueast Motors / Dongnan
- Tianma (Heavenly Horse) (1995–present)
- Tongtian (2002–present)
- Venucia (2010-present)
- Xinkai (1984–present)
- Yema Auto (1994–present)
- Youngman (2001–present)
- Yutong Group
- Polarsun Automobile (Zhongshun) (2004–present)
- Zhongxing (Zxauto) (1991–present)
- Zhongyu (2004–present)
- Zotye (2005–present)
Croatia
Czech Republic
Active brands
- Avia (1919–present)
- Gordon (1997–present)
- Jawa (1929–present)
- Kaipan (1997–present)
- Karosa (1896-present (since 2007 IVECO BUS))
- MTX / Metalex (1969-present)
- Praga (1907–present)
- Škoda (1895–present)
- SVOS (1992–present)
- Tatra (1850–present)
Former brands
- Aero (1929-1947)
- LIAZ (1951-2002)
- Velorex (1951-1971)
- Walter (1909-1954)
- RAF (Reichenberger Automobil Fabrik) (1907-1954)
- Wikov (1925–37)
- Zbrojovka Brno (1923–36)
- Rösler & Jauernig (1896-1908)
- Walter (1909-1954)
- Aspa (1924–25)
- Gatter (1926–37)
- Gnom (1921–24)
- Hakar
- ISIS (1922–24)
- KAN (1911–14)
- Premier (1913–14)
- Sibrava (1921–29)
- Start (1921–31)
- Stelka (1920-1922)
- TAZ (1961–99)
- Vechet (1911–14)
Egypt
Active brands
Former brands
- Nasr (1960–2008)
Estonia
- Nobe
Ethiopia
- Holland Car (2005–2013)
Finland
- Toroidion (2015–present)
France
- Alpine
- Ballot
- Berliet (1899 to 1939)
- Bugatti
- Chenard-Walcker
- Citroën
- Darracq
- De Dion-Bouton
- Delage (1906 to 1953)
- Delahaye
- DB
- DS
- Facel Vega
- Gobron-Brillié
- Hotchkiss (1903 to 1955)
- Matra
- Panhard
- Panhard et Levassor (1887 to 1940)
- Peugeot
- Renault
- Rosengart (1927 to 1955)
- Salmson (1920 to 1957)
- Simca
- Talbot
- Talbot-Lago
- VELAM (1955 to 1959)
- Tracta (1926 to 1934)
- Venturi
- Vespa
- Voisin (1919 to 1939)
Venturi Declercq De la chapelle Mega Helem Pescarolo Dangel Pachiaudi Auverland Grandin Exagon Ligier Gordini Heuliez Chapron Unic Saviem Cournil Coste PGO Hommell Bellier Aixam Châtenet Labbé ACMAT Oline
Germany
Active brands
- Amphicar
- Apal (1998 to date)
- Audi
- Auto Union
- BMW
- Borgward
- DKW
- Ford
- Glas
- Goliath
- Hansa
- Heinkel (1956 to 1958)
- Horch
- Lloyd
- Mercedes
- Mercedes-AMG
- Mercedes-Benz
- Messerschmitt
- NSU
- Opel
- Porsche
- Trabant
- Volkswagen
- VW-Porsche
- Wanderer (1911 to 1941)
- Wartburg
Former brands
Greece
Active brands
- ELVO (1973–present)
- Korres (2002–present)
- Namco (1973–present)
- Replicar Hellas (2007–present)
Former brands
- Alta (1968–1978)
- Attica (1958–1972)
- Autokinitoviomihania Ellados (1975–1984)
- Automeccanica (1980–1995)
- Balkania (1975–1995)
- BET (1965–1975)
- C.AR (1970–1992)
- DIM (1977–1982)
- Enfield (1973–1976)
- Hercules (1980–1983)
- MAVA-Renault (1979–1985)
- MEBEA (1960–1983)
- Neorion (1974–1975)
- Pan-Car (1968–1994)
- Scavas (1973–1992)
- Styl Kar (1970)
- Tangalakis (1935–1939)
- Theologou (1918–1926)
Hungary
Active brands
Under construction
India
- Ashok Leyland
- Bajaj
- Chinkara
- Force Motors
- Hindustan (1963-2014)
- Ford Motor
- Renault
- Hradyesh
- Hindustan Motors
- ICML (Ended in 2018)
- Mahindra & Mahindra
- Maruti (1983–2007)
- Maruti Suzuki (2007–present)
- Premier (1947-2016)
- Reva
- San (1997-2002)
- Sipani Motors (Sunrise Auto Industries) (1973-1995)
- Standard (1949-1988)
- Tata
- Trishul Jeep (1953)
- Raj Ferrari (2018)
Indonesia
Iran
- Bahman
- Diar
- Iran Khodro (1962–present)
- Khodro Kaveer
- Kish Khodro
- Morattab
- MVM
- Pars Khodro (1967–present)
- Paykan
- Reyan [citation needed]
- SAIPA (1966–present)
- Shahab Khodro
- Zagross Khodro
Israel
Active brands
Former brands
Italy
- Abarth
- Alfa Romeo
- ASA
- Autobianchi
- Bertone (1982 to 1989)
- Bizzarrini
- Cisitalia
- De Tomaso (1963 to 2004)
- DR (2006 to date)
- Ferrari
- Fiat
- Fiat-Abarth
- Giannini
- Innocenti
- Intermeccanica
- Iso
- Karlmann
- Lamborghini
- Lancia
- Maserati
- Mazzanti
- O.S.C.A.
- Pagani
- Pinifarina
- Siata
Ivory Coast
- Baby-Brousse (1964–1979)[citation needed]
Japan
- Acura
- Autozam
- Colt (1974 to 1984) (Cars produced and exported by Mitsubishi Motors and imported into the UK by the Colt Car Company and marketed under the Colt brand)
- Daihatsu
- Datsun
- ɛ̃fini
- Eunos
- Hino (1961 to 1967)
- Honda
- Infiniti
- Isuzu
- Lexus
- Mazda
- Mitsubishi
- Nissan
- Prince (1952 to 1966)
- Scion (2003 to 2016)
- Suzuki
- Toyopet
- Toyota
- Subaru
Kenya
Malaysia
Mexico
- Autobuses King[5]
- Miver & ga[6]
- Dina
- FANASA[7]
- Grupo Electrico Motorizado[8][9]
- Mastretta
- VAM
- Vhul
- Zacua
Mozambique
- Matchedje Motors (2014-2017) owned by China Tong Jian Investment - built rebadged Fudi F16 pickups.
Namibia
- Uri-Automobile (1995–2008 moved to South Africa)
Nepal
Netherlands
Active brands
- Donkervoort
- Van Doorne's Automobiel Fabrieken
- Spyker (2000 to present)
Former brands
New Zealand
Active brands
- Almac (1985–present)
- Alternative Cars (1984–present)
- Chevron (1984–present)
- Fraser (1988–present)
- Hulme (2005–present)
- Leitch (1986–present)
- Saker (1989–present)
Former brands
- Anziel (1967)
- Beattie (1997–2001) thence Redline
- Carlton (1922–1928)
- Cobra (1983–1990)
- Crowther (1968–1978)
- De Joux (1970)
- Dennison (1900–1905) – New Zealand's first indigenous car
- Everson (1935–1989)
- Heron (1964–1990)
- Marlborough (1912–1922) thence Carlton
- McRae (1990–2003)
- Mistral (1957–1960)
- Redline (2001–2009)
- Steel Brothers (1973–1981)
- Trekka (1966–1973)
- UltraCommuter (2006–2013)
- Wood (1901–1903)
Nigeria
- Izuogu (1997–2006)
North Korea
- Pyeonghwa Motors
- Pyongsang Auto Works
- Sungri Motors
Pakistan
Active brands
- Atlas Honda
- Honda Atlas Cars Pakistan
- Dewan Farooque Motors
- Ghandhara Nissan
- Ghandhara Industries
- Heavy Industries Taxila
- Hinopak
- Master
- Millat Tractors
- Pak Suzuki
- Indus Motors Company
- Yamaha Motor Pakistan
- Sazgar
- Sohrab Cycles
Former brands
- Adam Motor Company (Defunct)
- Nexus Automotive (Defunct)
Poland
- FSO
- Polski Fiat (1932 to 1939 & 1968 to 1992)
Portugal
Former brands
- UMM (União Metalo-Mecânica) (1978–2001)
- Portaro (1975–1995)
Romania
Active brands
- Dacia (1966–present)
- Ford România S.A. (2008-present)
Former brands
Russia
Active brands
Former brands
- Izh (1965–2008)
- Moskvitch (1929–2010)
- Russo-Balt (1894–1929/2006)
- Marussia (2007–2014)
Serbia
Active brands
- FCA Srbija (2008–present)
- Zastava TERVO (2017–present)
Former brands
Slovenia
Active brands
Former brands
South Africa
Active brands
- Birkin (1982–present)
- Harper Sports Cars (2014–present)
- Perana (2007–present)
- Puma (1973–1974, 1989–1991, 2006–present)
- Shaka (1995–present)
- Superformance (1996–present)
- Uri International Vehicle & Equipment Marketing (2008–present)
Former brands
- Badsey (1979–1983, then the company moved to the USA[10]
- Eagle
- GSM (1958–1964)
- Hayden Dart (1997–2003)
- Hi-Tech (1992–1996)
- Optimal Energy (2008–2012)
- Perana (1967–1996; a famous Ford manufacturer, today only active as a Ford dealer)
- Protea (1957–1958)
- Ranger (1968–1973)
- Sao (1985–1994)
South Korea
Active brands
Former brands
- Asia (1965–1999)
- Daewoo (1983–2002)
- GMK (1972–1976)
- Saehan (1976–1983)
- Saenara (1962–1965)
- Proto (1997–2017)
- Shinjin (1965–1972)
Spain
Active brands
- Comarth
- DSD Design and Motorsport
- GTA Motor
- Hurtan
- SEAT
- Spania GTA
- Tramontana (sports car)
- Tauro Sport Auto
- UROVESA
Former brands
- Hispano Suiza (Planned Revival in 2019)
- Pegaso
Sweden
Active brands
- Volvo (1927 - Present)
- Koenigsegg (1994 - Present)
- NEVS (2012 - Present)/(Bought out SAAB)
- von Braun Holding Company (2014 - Present)
Former brands
- Allevo (1890 - 1916)/(Making cars 1903 - 1907)
- Vagnsaktiebolaget I Södertelge(later VABIS then Scania-Vabis)
- Rengsjöbilen (1914 - 1916)
- SAAB (1945–2012)
- Hult Healey (1984 -1990)
- Jösse Car (1994–1999)
Switzerland
- Monteverdi (1967 to 1984)
- Ranger (General Motors brand) (1970 to 1975)
Taiwan
- CMC (1973 to present)
- Formosa [citation needed]
- Luxgen
- SYM
- Thunder Power
- Tobe
- Yue Long|Yulon|YLN (affiliated to Nissan)
Thailand
Tunisia
- Barkia (2010–present)[11]
- Industries Mécaniques Maghrébines (1982–1988, 1991–present)
- Wallyscar (2007–present)[12]
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Active brands
- Ariel (1991-present)
- Ascari (1995–2010)
- Aston Martin (1913–present)
- Bentley (1919–present)
- Bristol (1946–present)
- Caterham Cars (1957–present)
- David Brown (2013–present)
- Ford
- Ginetta (1958-present)
- Jaguar (1935–present)[13]
- Jowett (1906 to 1954)
- Lagonda
- Land Rover (1948–present)
- Lister
- Lotus (1952–present)
- Mini
- McLaren (2010–present)
- Morgan (1910-present)
- Radical (1997–present)
- Rolls-Royce (1904–present)
- TVR (1946–present)
- Vauxhall (1903–present)[14]
Former brands
- AC
- Allard (1945 to 1957)
- Alvis
- Armstrong Siddeley
- Austin
- Austin-Healey (1952–1972)
- Berkeley (1956 to 1960)
- Bond
- Bristol
- British Salmson (1934 to 1939)
- Buckler (1947 to 1962)
- Chrysler Europe (1976 to 1979)
- Daimler
- Elva
- Fairthorpe
- Frazer Nash (1925 to 1957)
- Gilbern (1959 to 1973)
- Gordon-Keeble
- Healey
- Hillman
- Humber
- Invicta
- Jensen
- Lanchester
- Lea-Francis
- Lloyd (1936 to 1950)
- Marauder (1950 to 1952)
- MG (1924–2011)
- Metropolitan (1953 to 1961)
- Morris (1913 to 1984)
- Nash-Healey (1951 to 1954)
- Ohio Electric (circa 1917) [15]
- Panther (1972 to 1990)
- Paramount (1950 to 1956)
- Peel Engineering Company (1955 to 1969)
- Peerless (1957 to 1960)
- Princess (1957 to 1960) (1975 to 1981)
- Reliant
- Riley (1907 to 1969)
- Rover (1904 to 2005)
- RW (1983–2000)
- Singer
- Standard
- Sunbeam
- Sunbeam-Talbot
- Swallow (1954 to 1955)
- Talbot
- Tornado
- Triumph
- Trojan
- Turner
- Vanden Plas
- Warwick (1960 to 1962)
- Wolseley
United States of America
Active brands
- AM General, Vehicle Production Group (2011—13)
- Anteros (2005–present)
- Aurica (2010–present)
- Buick (1903–present)
- BXR (2008–present)
- Cadillac (1902–present)
- Chevrolet (1911–present)
- Chrysler (1925–present)
- Dodge (1900–present)
- Elio Motors (2009–present)
- Equus Automotive (2014–present)
- E-Z-GO (1954–present)
- Falcon (2009–present)
- Faraday (2014–present)
- Ford (1903–present)
- General Motors (1908-present)
- GMC (1913–present)
- Hennessey (1991–present)
- Jeep (1941–present)
- Karma (2016–present) (Formerly Fisker inc.)
- Lincoln (1917–present)
- Local (2007—present)
- Lucid (2014–present)
- Lyons (2011–present)
- Niama-Reisser (2005–present)[16]
- Panoz (1989–present)
- Polaris (1954–present)
- Racefab (1991–present)
- Rezvani (2014–present)
- Rossion (2007–present)
- Saleen
- Shelby American (1992–present)
- SSC (1999–present)
- Tesla (2003–present)
- Zimmer (1978–1988, 1997–present)
Former brands
- Ajax
- AMC (1967 to 1983)
- American Simplex (1906 to 1910) (renamed to Amplex in 1910)
- Amplex (1910 to 1915) (previously known as American Simplex)
- Auburn
- Checker
- Cord
- Crosley
- DeSoto (1928 to 1960)
- Duesenberg
- Eagle (1987 to 1998)
- Edsel (1958 to 1960)
- Frazer
- Fisker (2011–2014) (now Karma)
- Geo (General Motors brand) (1989 to 1997)
- Henry J (1950 to 1954)
- Hudson (1909 to 1957)
- Imperial (1955 to 1975 & 1981 to 1983) (Chrysler Corporation brand - Imperial was also used as a Chrysler model name in certain other years)
- Jordan
- Kaiser
- LaFayette
- LaSalle (1927 to 1940)
- Marquette (General Motors brand)
- Maxwell
- Mercer (1909 to 1925)
- Mercury (1938-2011)
- Merkur (1985 to 1989)
- Moon
- Mosler (1993–2013)
- Nash
- Oakland (1908 to 1931)
- Oldsmobile (1897-2004)
- Packard (1899 to 1958)
- Plymouth (1928-2001)
- Pontiac (1926-2010)
- Rambler (1897–1914 & 1958–1969)
- Reliable Dayton (1906 to 1909)
- Saturn (1985-2010)
- Stearns-Knight
- Studebaker (1852-1967)
- Willys
Uruguay
Active brands
- Nordex (1962–present) [citation needed]
Former brands
- Dellepiane (1980)[citation needed]
- El Terruno (1960) [citation needed]
- Grumett (1960–1982) [citation needed]
- Guitolar (1970–2004) [citation needed]
- Indio (1969–1977)[citation needed]
- Industrias WARV (1966–1972)[citation needed]
- Lima (1970–1980)[citation needed]
- Mauser[citation needed]
- Metalurgica Laguarda (1963) [citation needed]
- Taller Danree y Silveira (1950–1960)[citation needed]
Vietnam
Active Brands
Former Brands
See also
- Automotive industry in the United Kingdom
- List of European automobiles
- Timeline of motor vehicle brands
References
Citations
- ^ "Carbontech". Archived from the original on 2 January 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "E-Vade Super Car". Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ Georgano, G.N. Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886–1930. (London: Grange-Universal, 1985).
- ^ http://www.mobiusmotors.com/
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Trolley". Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ "FANASA". Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ ".:GEMSA:". Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ "Autos eléctricos en el DF". Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ Rees (2013), p. 31.
- ^ "Barkia – Industrie Automobile". Autocar.
- ^ "Paris motor show 2012: the weird and the wonderful". Autocar. 1 October 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
- ^ "Design Evolution: 80 Years of Jaguar - Part 1". Jaguar. Jaguar Land Rover. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
- ^ "About Our Company". Vauxhall Motors. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
- ^ Electric Cars, www.virtualsteamcarmuseum.org Retrieved 25 January 2019
- ^ Inventor of the 200 MPG Car
Bibliography
- Georgano, G. N., ed. (2000). The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 1-57958-293-1.
- Mazur, Eligiusz (Ed.). World of Cars 2006/2007: Worldwide Car Catalogue. Warsaw: Media Connection, 2006. ISSN 1734-2945
- Rees, Chris (2013). "Badsey Bullet". Three-Wheelers A–Z: The Definitive Encyclopaedia of Three-Wheeled Vehicles from 1940 to Date. Quiller Print. ISBN 978-0-9926651-0-4.
{{cite book}}
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(help)
External links
- Car Makes - a list of most popular car makes
- Car Brand Names - a list of most popular car brand names
- All Car Index – world's largest automobile encyclopedia