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New York metropolitan area

Coordinates: 40°48′31″N 74°1′13.39″W / 40.80861°N 74.0203861°W / 40.80861; -74.0203861
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40°48′31″N 74°1′13.39″W / 40.80861°N 74.0203861°W / 40.80861; -74.0203861

New York Metropolitan Area
Map
Population
18,815,988 (2,007 est.)

The New York metropolitan area or Tri-State Region is the most populous metropolitan area in the United States and is also one of the most populous in the world. The metropolitan area is defined by the Office of Management and Budget as the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), with an estimated population of 18,815,988 (roughly 1 in 16 Americans) as of 2007. The MSA is further subdivided into four metropolitan divisions. The 23-county metropolitan area includes ten counties in New York State, including the five boroughs of New York City, the two other counties of Long Island, and three in the lower Hudson Valley, twelve counties in Northern and Central New Jersey, and one county in northeastern Pennsylvania. The largest urbanized area in the United States is at the heart of the metropolitan area, the New York–Newark, NY–NJ–CT Urbanized Area (with a population of 17,799,861 as of the 2000 census).

Based on commuting patterns, the Office of Management and Budget also defines a wider region consisting of the New York metropolitan area plus five adjacent metropolitan areas. The area is known as the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), with an estimated population of 21,961,994[1] as of 2007. About one out of every fifteen Americans resides in this region, which includes seven additional counties in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and is often referred to as the Tri-state Area and less commonly the Tri-State Region (leaving out Pennsylvania). However, the New York City television designated market area (DMA) includes Pike County, Pennsylvania.

This wider region includes the largest city in the United States (New York), the five largest cities in New Jersey (Newark, Jersey City, Elizabeth, Paterson and Trenton) and five of the six largest cities in Connecticut (Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury and Norwalk). The total land area of the extended metropolitan area is 11,842 sq mi (30,671 km2).

Components of the metropolitan area

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area
New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division
Nassau-Suffolk, NY Metropolitan Division
Newark-Union, NJ-PA Metropolitan Division
Edison-New Brunswick, NJ Metropolitan Division
Rest of the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area

The counties and county groupings comprising the New York metropolitan area are listed below with 2007 U.S. Census Bureau estimates of their populations.

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (18,815,988)

In addition to the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area, the following Metropolitan Statistical Areas are also included in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area (total pop. 21,903,623):

The area is frequently categorized and referenced according to geographic factors:

  • The Five Boroughs (NYC Proper)
  • Long Island (Divided by water from other three suburban regions)
  • North Jersey (Metropolitan areas found in the state of New Jersey; divided by state line and water from rest of area)
  • Hudson Valley (Lower Hudson Valley suburbs of Westchester, Putnam and Rockland Counties; and Mid-Hudson exurbs of Dutchess, Orange and Ulster Counties; features strictly controlled development north of I-287)
  • Connecticut (Only Fairfield, New Haven and Litchfield Counties are metropolitan; divided by state line)

All five areas can be (and often are) further divided. For instance, Long Island can be divided into the South and North Shores (usually when speaking about Nassau County), Western Suffolk, and the East End. The Hudson Valley and Connecticut are sometimes grouped together and referred to as the Northern Suburbs, largely because of the shared usage of Metro-North Railroad.

Sixty-three percent of the population (13,730,534) lives in the 43% of the land area that is east of the Ambrose Channel/The Narrows/Hudson River; Thirty-seven percent of the population (8,128,296) lives in the 57% of the land area that is west of the Ambrose Channel/The Narrows/Hudson River.

Urban areas of the region

Skyline of New York City from Newark, New Jersey

The combined statistical area is a multicore metropolitan region containing several urban areas.

Population
Rank 		Urbanized Area State(s) 2000
Population
1 New York--Newark NY--NJ--CT 17,799,861
42 Bridgeport--Stamford CT--NY 888,890
70 New Haven CT 531,314
90 Poughkeepsie--Newburgh NY 351,982
122 Trenton NJ 268,472
163 Waterbury CT 189,026
190 Danbury CT--NY 154,455
350 Hightstown NJ 69,977
435 Kingston NY 53,458
452 Middletown NY 50,071

Principal cities

The following is a list of principal cities in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area with 2005 U.S. Census Bureau estimates of their population. Principal cities are generally those where there is a greater number of jobs than employed residents.

Transportation

Commuter rail

The metropolitan area is partly defined by the areas from which people commute into New York City. The city is served by three primary commuter train systems plus Amtrak.

The Acela Express is the first and only high-speed rail service in the country.

The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), the busiest commuter railroad in the United States[2], is operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), an agency of New York State. It has two major terminals at Pennsylvania Station in Midtown Manhattan and Flatbush Avenue in Downtown Brooklyn, with a minor terminal at Long Island City station and a major transfer point at Jamaica station in Queens.

Metro-North Railroad (MNRR), the second busiest commuter railroad in the United States[2], is also operated by the MTA, but in conjunction with the Connecticut Department of Transportation and New Jersey Transit. Its major terminal is Grand Central Terminal. Trains on the Port Jervis Line and Pascack Valley Line terminate at Hoboken Terminal; commuters may transfer at Secaucus Junction for New Jersey Transit trains to New York Pennsylvania Station.

New Jersey Transit (NJT), the third busiest commuter railroad in the United States by passenger miles and also third in trips when direct operated and purchased transportation services are both included (fourth if only direct operated are included) [2], is operated by the New Jersey Transit Corporation, an agency of New Jersey, in conjunction with Metro-North and Amtrak. A map of the system can be found here. It has major terminals at Pennsylvania Station in Manhattan, Hoboken Terminal in Hoboken, and Pennsylvania Station in Newark, with a major transfer point at Secaucus Junction. New Jersey transit also operates a light rail system in Hudson County, as well as the Newark Light Rail.

Amtrak's Northeast Corridor offers service to Philadelphia, New Haven, and other points between and including Boston and Washington, D.C.

Major stations in the metropolitan area are:

Station Railroad(s) County Type
Pennsylvania Station (New York) LIRR, NJT, Amtrak New York Terminal and Transfer
Grand Central Terminal MNRR New York Terminal
Pennsylvania Station (Newark) NJT, Amtrak Essex Terminal and Transfer
Hoboken Terminal NJT Hudson Terminal
Atlantic Terminal at Flatbush Avenue LIRR Kings Terminal
Hunterspoint Avenue LIRR Queens Terminal
Jamaica Station LIRR Queens Terminal and Transfer
Secaucus Junction NJT Hudson Transfer
New Haven Union Station MNRR, Amtrak, Connecticut Shoreline East New Haven Terminal and Transfer
Trenton Station NJT, Amtrak, SEPTA Trenton Terminal and Transfer

The following table shows all train lines operated by these commuter railroads in the New York metropolitan area. New Jersey Transit operates an additional train line in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. (Shown counterclockwise from the Atlantic Ocean):

Line or Branch Railroad Counties
Far Rockaway LIRR Queens, Nassau
Long Beach LIRR Nassau
Montauk LIRR Suffolk
Babylon LIRR Nassau, Suffolk
West Hempstead LIRR Queens, Nassau
Hempstead LIRR Queens, Nassau
Ronkokoma (Main Line) LIRR Nassau, Suffolk
Port Jefferson LIRR Nassau, Suffolk
Oyster Bay LIRR Nassau
Port Washington LIRR Queens, Nassau
New Haven MNRR, Shore Line East Westchester, Fairfield, New Haven
Harlem MNRR New York, Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Dutchess
Hudson MNRR Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Dutchess
Pascack Valley MNRR, NJT Hudson, Bergen, Passaic, Rockland, Orange
Port Jervis/Main Line/Bergen County MNRR, NJT Hudson, Bergen, Passaic, Rockland, Orange
Montclair-Boonton NJT New York, Hudson, Essex, Passaic, Morris, Warren
Morris & Essex (Morristown Line and Gladstone Branch) NJT New York, Hudson, Essex, Union, Morris, Somerset, Warren
Raritan Valley NJT Hudson, Essex, Union, Middlesex, Somerset, Hunterdon
Northeast Corridor and Princeton Branch NJT, Amtrak New York, Hudson, Essex, Union, Middlesex, Mercer
North Jersey Coast NJT New York, Hudson, Essex, Union, Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean

Additionally, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, an agency of the states of New York and New Jersey, operates the PATH system. This heavy rail transportation service serves the counties of New York, Hudson and Essex. A map can be found here.

Major highways

Some of the major freeways/expressways carrying commuter traffic in and out of New York City are: NJ Route 17 NJ Route 4

Commuter bus

New Jersey Transit, Academy Bus, Coach USA, Adirondack Trailways (under the names of New York Trailways, Pine Hill Trailways, as well as Adirondack Trailways) and several other companies operate commuter coaches into the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Manhattan, and many other bus services in New Jersey. Bus services also operate in other nearby counties in the states of New York and Connecticut, but most terminate at a subway terminal or other rail station.

Major airports

The metropolitan area is served by three major airports.

Airport IATA code ICAO code County State
John F. Kennedy International Airport JFK KJFK Queens New York
Newark Liberty International Airport EWR KEWR Essex New Jersey
LaGuardia Airport LGA KLGA Queens New York

The following smaller airports are also in the metro area and provide daily commercial service:

Airport IATA code ICAO code County State
Long Island MacArthur Airport ISP KISP Suffolk New York
Stewart International Airport SWF KSWF Orange New York
Tweed New Haven Regional Airport HVN KHVN New Haven Connecticut
Westchester County Airport HPN KHPN Westchester New York

See also

Demographics

Ethnic diversity

Since its foundation as the mercantile colony of New Netherland the metropolitan area has been noted for ethnic diversity. Beginning in the later 19th century, the New York Area was in large degree divided among Italians, Irish, German, and Jewish populations. The Polish and Lebanese also established small communities. Thanks to successive waves of immigration, begun in earnest in the 19th century and continuing today, the area's diversity continues to grow. The states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut are all ranked among the top 10 fastest-growing immigration states in America, and great numbers of recent immigrants from across Latin America, East Asia, and the Caribbean now call the New York metropolitan area home. While prominent ethnic neighborhoods in the region are too numerous to list, there are multiple neighborhoods with large Dominican, Puerto Rican, Colombian, Ecuadorian, Mexican, Chinese, Filipino, Russian, Korean, Indian, Pakistani, Italian, Irish, and Polish communities. The cuisines of virtually every major ethnic group on the planet are at least partially represented in the area, with the culinary landscape of New York changing slightly from year to year as new arrivals settle in.

The New York metropolitan area hosts a religious diversity in line with its ethnic diversity. Houses of worship exist for numerous Christian denominations, especially Catholicism but also various churches within both Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism. New York has a large Jewish population, is a major center of Orthodox Judaism and is home to the headquarters of many Hasidic movements, particularly in the borough of Brooklyn. Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism, Taoism, and many other religions have formal houses of worship in the area. Along with these religions, there are also many people who practice no religion at all.

Culture

Sports teams

Listing of the professional sports teams in the New York metropolitan area

Notes

  1. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007" (CSV). 2007 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2008-03-27. Retrieved 2008-05-26.
  2. ^ a b c Crystal Reports - Op_Stats_Service

External references

See also


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