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Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E / 26.17; 85.9
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Revision as of 07:26, 23 January 2023

Darbhanga
दरभंगा
Metropolitan city
Darbhanga City
Nickname(s): 
Mithila Hridayasthalee, Cultural Capital of Bihar
Darbhanga is located in Bihar
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Location in Bihar
Darbhanga is located in India
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Darbhanga (India)
Darbhanga is located in Asia
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Darbhanga (Asia)
Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E / 26.17; 85.9
Country India
StateBihar
RegionMithila
DistrictDarbhanga
Founded byDarbhangi Khan
Named forDarbhangi Khan
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyDarbhanga Municipal Corporation
 • MayorAnjum Ara
 • Deputy MayorNazia Hasan
 • District MagistrateMr.Rajiv Raushan(IAS)
 • MPGopal Jee Thakur, BJP
 • MLASanjay Saraogi, BJP
Area
[1]
 • Total39.83 km2 (15.38 sq mi)
Elevation
52 m (171 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total380,125
DemonymDarbhangiya
Languages
 • OfficialHindi[2]
 • Additional officialUrdu[3]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
846001–846009[4] [5]
Telephone code06272
ISO 3166 codeIN-BR
Vehicle registrationBR-07
Sex ratio1000:910 ♂/♀
Lok Sabha constituencyDarbhanga
Vidhan Sabha constituencyDarbhanga, Darbhanga Rural, Bahadurpur, Keoti, Jale, Kusheshwar Asthan, Gaura Bauram, Benipur, Alinagar, Hayaghat
Websitedarbhanga.bih.nic.in

Darbhanga(दरभंगा) is the fifth-largest city and municipal corporation in the Indian state of Bihar. It is one of the most important districts and big cities of North Bihar. Darbhanga is also known as Heart of the Mithilanchal.

Darbhanga is the headquarters of the Darbhanga district and the Darbhanga division. It was the seat of the erstwhile Khandwala Zamidaar dynasty Under Mughals. It was the capital of Mithila.

It is considered the Medical Capital of North bihar. It has DMCH & second AIIMS Hospital in the State Only after Capital Patna.

Darbhanga is one of the oldest cities in India. Musical, folk art, and literary traditions in Sanskrit, Maithili and Urdu have been passed down generations in Darbhanga and constitute the city's strong cultural background.[6]

History

See also: Raj Darbhanga

The city was the capital of the Darbhanga Raj, an estate established in the 16th century, and contains the Anandbagh Palace. It was constituted a municipality in 1864. Darbhanga is home to the Kameshwara Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University (1961), which is located on the grounds of the palace, and the Lalit Narayan Mithila University (1972). Darbhanga has a museum housing archaeological materials, as well as historical and handicrafts exhibits. Darbhanga has been a centre for music since the late 18th century and has produced multiple well-known dhrupad (an ancient form of Indian classical music) musicians. A major rail and road junction, Darbhanga trades in agricultural produce, mangoes, and fish. In addition to food processing, the city has a light manufacturing industry.

Darbhanga is situated on a vast alluvial plain, with low-lying areas containing marshes and lakes. Grains, oilseeds, tobacco, sugarcane, and mangoes are important crops in the region.[7]

Under the British Raj, Darbhanga was a part of Sarkar Tirhut until 1875, when it was constituted into a separate district. Its subdivisions had been constituted earlier – Darbhanga Sadar in 1845, Madhubani in 1866, and Samastipur (then known as Tajpur) in 1867. The city of Darbhanga is said to have been founded by one Darbhangi Khan, about whom practically nothing is known. It is also held that the name Darbhanga is derived from Dwar Banga or Dar-e-Banga, meaning the ‘door of Bengal’. This etymology does not appear to be very correct as the division between Bengal and Bihar has always been held to be further to the east. Nonetheless, the region has a linguistic and cultural affinity with Bengal.[8]

Excavation at Balirajgarh revealed brick fortifications dating back to the 2nd century BC.[9]

Demographics

Religions in Darbhanga Town
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 71.76%
Muslims
 
 27.76%
Christian
 
 0.18%
Sikh
 
 0.11%
Buddhist
 
 0.01%
Jain
 
 0.01%
Not Stated
 
 0.16%
See also: List of cities in Bihar

The 2011 Census of India recorded Darbhanga as an Urban agglomeration with a population of 380,125 while the surrounding district has 3 million people.[10] It is the 5th largest city in Bihar in terms of the urban population.[11] The city has 196,573 males (52.6%) and 183,552 females (47.4%). Darbhanga has an average literacy rate of 79.40%, with male literacy at 85.08% and female literacy at 73.08%.[12] However, as per the document published on 6 March 2021 by the office of District Magistrate Darbhanga, the urban population of Darbhanga stands 380,125[13]

Transport

Railways

Darbhanga Junction

Darbhanga Junction lies on the East Central Railway. It is connected directly to all the major cities of India. Laheriasarai Railway Station is Second Major Station of Darbhanga Junction and works as an important Railway Station for people living in south Darbhanga. There are daily and weekly train available for New Delhi, Patna, Secunderabad, Kolkata, Varanasi, Ahmedabad, Lokmanya Tilak Terminus, Howrah, Amritsar, Pune & other major Cities.

Darbhanga Airport

Darbhanga Airport

Darbhanga also has its own commercial airport which is connected with all the major cities of India.

Darbhanga Airport (IATA: DBR, ICAO: VE89) is a civil enclave at the Darbhanga Air Force Station of the Indian Air Force, 6 kilometres from Darbhanga City near the NH 527B and NH 27 East-West Corridor Expressway which passes through Darbhanga. The civil enclave is operated by the Airports Authority of India (AAI). The foundation stone for the project was laid by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and then Civil Aviation Minister Suresh Prabhu in the presence of state Civil Aviation Minister Jayant Sinha on 24 December 2018. Commercial flights started on 8 November 2020.[14]

Roadways

File:NH 27 East West Corridor.jpg
NH 27 which is part of India's East–West highway corridor passes through Darbhanga

Darbhanga is connected to other parts of India by NH 27, NH 527B and Bihar State highways 50, 56, 88 and 75. Darbhanga is also connected to Samastipur, Madhubani and Sitamarhi.

The East-West Corridor expressway, which connects Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in Assam, passes through Darbhanga.

The Amas–Darbhanga Expressway NH 119D is an approved 4/6-lane wide access-controlled expressway in India. Once completed, it will be the first expressway in the state of Bihar. NH 119D connects Amas village in Gaya district to Bela Nawada village in Darbhanga district.

Geography

Darbhanga is located in the northern part of Bihar. It lies between 25.53 degrees - 26.27 degrees N and 85.45 degrees - 86.25 degrees E at an average elevation of 171 feet (52 m). Darbhanga district covers an area of 2,279 sq km. Darbhanga is bounded by Madhubani district on north, by Samastipur district on south, by Saharsa district on east and by Sitamarhi district and Muzaffarpur district on west. Being located in Mithilanchal, Darbhanga district has a vast fertile alluvial plain devoid of any hills. It has a gentle slope from north to south direction having depression on the center. Darbhanga experiences humid subtropical climate. This city experiences three main seasons which are winter, summer and rainy season. May is the hottest month when temperature reaches up to 43 degrees C. Darbhanga district receives average 1142.3 mm rainfall and almost 92 % of the annual rainfall is received during monsoon.

Climate

Darbhanga has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa).

Climate data for Darbhanga (1971–1990, extremes 1901–1998)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 30.6
(87.1) 		34.1
(93.4) 		40.6
(105.1) 		43.9
(111.0) 		44.1
(111.4) 		43.6
(110.5) 		39.3
(102.7) 		38.6
(101.5) 		38.6
(101.5) 		39.4
(102.9) 		34.1
(93.4) 		36.6
(97.9) 		44.1
(111.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 23.1
(73.6) 		25.8
(78.4) 		31.0
(87.8) 		35.1
(95.2) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.9
(94.8) 		32.5
(90.5) 		32.8
(91.0) 		32.5
(90.5) 		31.6
(88.9) 		29.0
(84.2) 		24.8
(76.6) 		30.7
(87.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 16.2
(61.2) 		18.4
(65.1) 		23.0
(73.4) 		27.1
(80.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.2
(82.8) 		26.5
(79.7) 		22.4
(72.3) 		17.7
(63.9) 		24.4
(75.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6) 		11.0
(51.8) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.2
(70.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		15.8
(60.4) 		10.6
(51.1) 		18.2
(64.8)
Record low °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0) 		0.0
(32.0) 		4.1
(39.4) 		9.4
(48.9) 		10.6
(51.1) 		11.0
(51.8) 		13.5
(56.3) 		15.5
(59.9) 		13.5
(56.3) 		10.0
(50.0) 		7.2
(45.0) 		2.6
(36.7) 		0.0
(32.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13
(0.5) 		14
(0.6) 		9
(0.4) 		29
(1.1) 		76
(3.0) 		139
(5.5) 		353
(13.9) 		254
(10.0) 		193
(7.6) 		73
(2.9) 		6
(0.2) 		7
(0.3) 		1,166
(45.9)
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.6 4.6 7.6 16.4 12.2 10.5 3.4 0.5 1.0 63.7
Average relative humidity (%) 68 63 49 56 60 70 78 79 79 73 66 67 67
Source 1: NOAA (1971–1990)[15]
Source 2: India Meteorological Department[16]

Education

Notable educational institutions include:

Medical colleges

Platinum Jubilee gate of Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital

University

Engineering and technology colleges

Colleges

Schools.

Tourism

See also: Tourism in Bihar

Darbhanga has various tourist attractions and is among the oldest cities of Bihar.

Tourist spots include:

Tourists Places of Darbhanga
Darbhanga Planetarium

Media and communications

All India Radio has a 20 kW medium-wave radio station in Darbhanga which transmits various programmes of mass interest and covers a part of North Bihar as well as the Terai of Nepal.[citation needed]

Doordarshan has one DD National and one DD News LPT relay transmitters.[citation needed]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "Darbhanga City".
  2. ^ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  3. ^ "NCLM52ndReport" (PDF). 25 May 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017.
  4. ^ "STD & PIN Codes". Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  5. ^ Darbhanga
  6. ^ "Darbhanga : Heart of Mithilaanchal".
  7. ^ "Darbhanga | India". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  8. ^ "History | Welcome to Darbhanga District | India". Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  9. ^ A., Ghosh (1965). Indian Archaeology:A Review. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 3–5.
  10. ^ "Darbhanga City Population Census 2011-2022 | Bihar".
  11. ^ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  12. ^ "Census of India: View Population Details". www.censusindia.gov.in. Government of India. 2001. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  13. ^ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  14. ^ "मिथिलांचल के लिए खुशखबरी! दरभंगा एयरपोर्ट का संचालन शुरू, देखिए अंदर की तस्वीरें". Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News (in Hindi). Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  15. ^ "Darbhanga Climate Normals 1971–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  16. ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  17. ^ Jha, Binay Kumar (26 January 2021). "Republic Day: Darbhanga 'cycle girl' Jyoti Kumari gets PM's award". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  18. ^ "Former President Kalam's close associate scientist Manas Verma dies - The Hindu". The Hindu. 4 May 2021.
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