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Darbhanga

Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E / 26.17; 85.9
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Darbhanga
Metropolitan city
From top - Darbhanga Fort, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Anandbag Botanical garden, Shyama Mall, Darbhanga Airport, Night view of Darbhanga Junction railway station
From top - Darbhanga Fort, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Anandbag Botanical garden, Shyama Mall, Darbhanga Airport, Night view of Darbhanga Junction railway station
Darbhanga is located in Bihar
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Location in Bihar
Darbhanga is located in India
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Darbhanga (India)
Darbhanga is located in Asia
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Darbhanga (Asia)
Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E / 26.17; 85.9
CountryIndia
StateBihar
RegionMithila
DistrictDarbhanga
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyDarbhanga Municipal Corporation
 • MayorBaijanti Devi Khedia
 • Deputy MayorBadruzzma Khan
 • Municipal commissionerManesh Kumar Meena, IAS[1]
 • MPGopal Jee Thakur, BJP
 • MLASanjay Saraogi, BJP
Area
[2]
 • Total19 km2 (7 sq mi)
Elevation
52 m (171 ft)
Population
 • Total380,125
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
 • Additional officialUrdu[3]
 • Regional LanguagesMaithili
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
846001–846009[4]
Telephone code06272
ISO 3166 codeIN-BR
Vehicle registrationBR-07
Sex ratio910:1000 ♂/♀
Lok Sabha constituencyDarbhanga
Vidhan Sabha constituencyDarbhanga, Darbhanga Rural, Bahadurpur, Keoti, Jale, Kusheshwar Asthan, Gaura Bauram, Benipur, Alinagar, Hayaghat
Websitedarbhanga.bih.nic.in

Darbhanga is a city and Municipal Corporation in the Indian state of Bihar. It is the 5th largest city of Bihar situated In the centre of Mithilanchal.[5][circular reference] It Is also the headquarters of Darbhanga district and Darbhanga division and was the seat of the Raj Darbhanga and capital of the Mithila region.

Darbhanga is regarded as the cultural capital of the state of Bihar owing to its rich heritage and cultural Significance. It Is one of the oldest cities in India. Musical, folk art and literary traditions in Sanskrit and Maithili have been passed down generations in Darbhanga and constitute the place's strong cultural background.

The City is also the biggest medical and educational hub in the Northern Bihar/Mithila Region.

History

The city was the capital of the Darbhanga raj, an estate established in the 16th century, and contains the Anandbagh palace. It was constituted a municipality in 1864. Darbhanga is the seat of Kameshwara Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University (1961), which is located on the grounds of the palace, and Lalit Narayan Mithila University (1972). There is a museum containing archaeological materials as well as historical and handicraft exhibits. Darbhanga has been a centre for music since the late 18th century and has produced multiple well-known dhrupad (an ancient form of Indian classical music) musicians. A major rail and road junction, Darbhanga trades in agricultural produce, mangoes, and fish. In addition to food processing, there is some light manufacturing.

Darbhanga is situated on a vast alluvial plain, with low-lying areas containing marshes and lakes. Grains, oilseeds, tobacco, sugarcane, and mangoes are important crops in the region.[6]

Under the British Rule, Darbhanga was a part of Sarkar Tirhut until 1875, when it was constituted into a separate district. The subdivisions had been created earlier – Darbhanga Sadar in 1845, Madhubani in 1866 and Samastipur (then known as Tajpur) in 1867. The district takes its name from its only city Darbhanga the District headquarters, which is said to have been founded by one Darbhangi Khan, about whom practically nothing is known. It is also held that the name Darbhanga has been derived from Dwar Banga or Dari – Banga, meaning the ‘door of Bengal’. This derivation does not appear to be very correct as division between Bengal and Bihar has always been further to the east. However, the linguistic and cultural affinity with Bengal may be said to commence from here.[7]

See also: Raj Darbhanga

Excavation at Balirajgarh revealed brick fortifications dating back to 2nd century BC.[8]

Demographics

Religions in Darbhanga Town
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 71.76%
Muslims
 
 27.76%
Christian
 
 0.18%
Sikh
 
 0.11%
Buddhist
 
 0.01%
Jain
 
 0.01%
Not Stated
 
 0.16%
See also: List of cities in Bihar

The 2011 Census of India recorded Darbhanga as an Urban agglomeration with its population of 380,125 comprising 196,573 males and 183,552 females while the district as a whole has a population of 3 million.[9] It is the 5th[10] largest city in Bihar in terms of urban population. Males constitute 52.6% of the population and females 47.4%. Darbhanga has an average literacy rate of 79.40%, with male literacy at 85.08% and female literacy at 73.08%.[11] However as per document published on 06/03/2021 by office of District Magistrate Darbhanga the urban population of Darbhanga stands 3,80,125[12]

Transport

Darbhanga is the biggest Transport hub of North Bihar. The only city to be well-connected by all the major modes of transportation - Airways, Railways, and Roadways.

Railways

Darbhanga Junction lies on the East Central Railway. It is connected directly to all the major cities of India.

Of the beginning of railway in Darbhanga and its neighbouring areas, The Imperial Gazetteer of India noted:

The famine of 1874 gave a great impetus to the construction of railways, and the District is on the whole well off in the matter of communications. Its south-west corner is traversed for 29 miles by the main line of the Bengal and North-Western Railway, and also by 25 miles of the new chord-line from Hajipur to Bachwara, which runs parallel to the Ganges embankment from east to west. From Samastipur a line runs to Darbhanga town and there branches off in two directions, the first north-west to Sitamarhi through Kamtaul and Jogiara, and the other due east to Khanwa Ghat on the Kosi (Old streem) near Pratapganj. The total length of the line within the District is 146 miles. Most of the earthwork for a line from Sakri to Jainagar on the Nepal frontier was completed as a relief work during the famine of 1897; and the line, which has now been opened, should tap a large grain supply from Nepal.[13]

Darbhanga Junction connects a large part of North Bihar and the Terai of Nepal with the rest of India as it serves as a major railhead for the region. It is the main station of Darbhanga and the district of Madhubani.[citation needed]

Darbhanga Airport

Darbhanga also has its own commercial airport which is connected with all the major cities of India.

Spicejet and Indigo,The Two Major airlines of the country operate daily flights from here for Metro cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Kolkata & Ahmedabad.

Darbhanga has the longest runway in the state of Bihar Which is about 9328 ft long.

Darbhanga Airport (IATA: DBR, ICAO: VE89) is a civil enclave at the Darbhanga Air Force Station of the Indian Air Force, 6 kilometres from Darbhanga City near the NH-105 and NH-57 East-West Corridor Expressway which passes through Darbhanga. The civil enclave is operated by the Airports Authority of India (AAI). The foundation stone for the project was laid by the Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and then Civil Aviation Minister Suresh Prabhu in the presence of state Civil Aviation Minister Jayant Sinha on 24 December 2018. Commercial flights started from 8 November 2020.[14]

Roadways

NH 27 which is part of India's East–West highway corridor passes through Darbhanga

Darbhanga is connected to other parts of India by National Highway 27, National Highway 527B and Bihar State highways 50, 56, 88 and 75. Darbhanga is also connected to Madhubani and Sitamarhi.

The East-West Corridor expressway, which connects Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in Assam, passes through Darbhanga.

A New Expressway is also proposed between Aurangabad-Patna-Darbhanga Which will connect Patna and Gaya with Darbhanga.

Public transport

For local transport, the commuters have the options of buses operated by BSRTC and auto-rickshaw.[citation needed] There is a new bus stand. The bus Stand located to the corner of the Connectivity National Highway 27 & National Highway 527B Also Located near by Darbhanga Airport. Bus services are available from Darbhanga to all the major cities of India and Bihar viz. Delhi, Ludhiana, Patna, Gaya, Kolkata, Bhagalpur, Muzaffarpur, Ranchi, Jamshedpur.[citation needed]

Nearby Airports

The nearest domestic airport is Darbhanga Airport in Darbhanga, approximately 04 kilometres away and 2nd nearest airport is roughly 150 km away Jay Prakash Narayan Airport in Patna.[15]

Geography

Darbhanga is located in the northern part of Bihar.

Climate

Darbhanga has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa).

Climate data for Darbhanga (1971–1990, extremes 1901–1998)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 30.6
(87.1) 		34.1
(93.4) 		40.6
(105.1) 		43.9
(111.0) 		44.1
(111.4) 		43.6
(110.5) 		39.3
(102.7) 		38.6
(101.5) 		38.6
(101.5) 		39.4
(102.9) 		34.1
(93.4) 		36.6
(97.9) 		44.1
(111.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 23.1
(73.6) 		25.8
(78.4) 		31.0
(87.8) 		35.1
(95.2) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.9
(94.8) 		32.5
(90.5) 		32.8
(91.0) 		32.5
(90.5) 		31.6
(88.9) 		29.0
(84.2) 		24.8
(76.6) 		30.7
(87.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 16.2
(61.2) 		18.4
(65.1) 		23.0
(73.4) 		27.1
(80.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.2
(82.8) 		26.5
(79.7) 		22.4
(72.3) 		17.7
(63.9) 		24.4
(75.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6) 		11.0
(51.8) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.2
(70.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		15.8
(60.4) 		10.6
(51.1) 		18.2
(64.8)
Record low °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0) 		0.0
(32.0) 		4.1
(39.4) 		9.4
(48.9) 		10.6
(51.1) 		11.0
(51.8) 		13.5
(56.3) 		15.5
(59.9) 		13.5
(56.3) 		10.0
(50.0) 		7.2
(45.0) 		2.6
(36.7) 		0.0
(32.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13
(0.5) 		14
(0.6) 		9
(0.4) 		29
(1.1) 		76
(3.0) 		139
(5.5) 		353
(13.9) 		254
(10.0) 		193
(7.6) 		73
(2.9) 		6
(0.2) 		7
(0.3) 		1,166
(45.9)
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.6 4.6 7.6 16.4 12.2 10.5 3.4 0.5 1.0 63.7
Average relative humidity (%) 68 63 49 56 60 70 78 79 79 73 66 67 67
Source 1: NOAA (1971–1990)[16]
Source 2: India Meteorological Department[17]

Education

Notable educational institutions include:

Medical colleges

Platinum Jubilee gate of Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital

University

LNMU
Lalit Narayan Mithila University

Engineering and technology colleges

Colleges

Schools.

Media and communications

All India Radio has a 20 kW medium-wave radio station in Darbhanga which transmits various programmes of mass interest and covers a part of North Bihar as well as the Terai of Nepal.[citation needed]

Doordarshan has one DD National and one DD News LPT relay transmitters.[citation needed]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "About Municipal Commissioner of Darbhanga".
  2. ^ "Darbhanga City".
  3. ^ "NCLM52ndReport" (PDF). 25 May 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017.
  4. ^ "STD & PIN Codes". Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  5. ^ "List of cities in Bihar by population - Wikipedia". en.m.wikipedia.org. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  6. ^ "Darbhanga | India". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  7. ^ "History | Welcome to Darbhanga District | India". Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  8. ^ A., Ghosh (1965). Indian Archaeology:A Review. New Dehli: Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 3–5.
  9. ^ https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/164-darbhanga.html
  10. ^ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf
  11. ^ "Census of India: View Population Details". www.censusindia.gov.in. Government of India. 2001. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  12. ^ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf
  13. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. ^ "मिथिलांचल के लिए खुशखबरी! दरभंगा एयरपोर्ट का संचालन शुरू, देखिए अंदर की तस्वीरें". Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News (in Hindi). Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  15. ^ https://www.livemint.com/news/india/flights-start-from-bihar-s-darbhanga-airport-to-delhi-mumbai-bengaluru-11604889374463.html. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ^ "Darbhanga Climate Normals 1971–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  17. ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  18. ^ Jha, Binay Kumar (26 January 2021). "Republic Day: Darbhanga 'cycle girl' Jyoti Kumari gets PM's award". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
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