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La Salle County, Texas

Coordinates: 28°20′N 99°06′W / 28.34°N 99.10°W / 28.34; -99.10
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La Salle County
County
The La Salle County Courthouse in Cotulla has undergone extensive renovation and nears completion in the summer of 2013.
The La Salle County Courthouse in Cotulla has undergone extensive renovation and nears completion in the summer of 2013.
Map of Texas highlighting La Salle County
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 28°20′N 99°06′W / 28.34°N 99.1°W / 28.34; -99.1
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1880
Named forRené-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle[1]
SeatCotulla
Largest cityCotulla
Area
 • Total1,494 sq mi (3,870 km2)
 • Land1,487 sq mi (3,850 km2)
 • Water7.5 sq mi (19 km2)  0.5%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total6,886
 • Density4.6/sq mi (1.8/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional districts23rd, 28th
Websitelasallecountytx.org

La Salle County is a county in Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 6,886.[2] Its county seat is Cotulla.[3] The county was created in 1858 and later organized in 1880.[4][1] It is named for René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, a 17th-century French explorer.[1]

History

Early history

The area of present-day La Salle County was occupied by the Coahuiltecan Indians until the 18th century, when they were squeezed out by the Spanish from the south and the Apache from the north. After the Mexican War of Independence, the Mexican government used land grants to encourage settlement, but very few settled in the area. By 1836, the area was entirely populated by Indians.[1]

Between the Texas Revolution and the Mexican War the area of present-day La Salle County lay in the disputed area between the Rio Grande and the Nueces River. Desperadoes ruled the area, as neither the Mexican government nor the Republic of Texas could gain control. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo assigned the Nueces Strip to Texas in 1848, but outlaws and hostile Indians delayed settlement of the area.[1]

La Salle County was officially formed in 1858 from the Bexar District. The first settlements were established on the road from Laredo to San Antonio. In 1852, the Army established Fort Ewell near present-day Artesia Wells where the road crossed the Nueces River to protect travelers on the road. The fort was abandoned in 1854, and the remaining inhabitants moved to the settlement of Guajoco, located one and a half miles from the fort. By 1871, around 60 people lived in Guajoco, mostly of Mexican descent.[1]

In 1856, William A. Waugh of Ohio established a ranch where the San Antonio–Laredo road crossed Cibolo Creek. His ranch headquarters became a stopping point for travelers and in 1879, a post office was established there with the name Waugh's Rancho. Iuka, an early settlement located 8 miles west of present-day Cotulla, was established in 1868 by several families and served as a stage stop and marketplace for cattle-buyers. The settlement established a post office in 1880. In 1870, the population of La Salle County was 69, and by 1880 it was 789.[1]

La Salle County was formally organized in 1880 and Stuart's Rancho, near Guajoco, was designated the county seat. In the early 1880s, the International-Great Northern Railroad laid tracks to the county. Around this time, outlaws were gradually eliminated from the area, and the last Indian raid happened in 1878. These changes help bring stability to the county.[1]

With the arrival of the railroads, settlements such as Iuka and Guajoco were abandoned as inhabitants moved near the railroad tracks. Polish immigrant Joseph Cotulla arrived in La Salle County in 1868 and eventually established a large ranching operation. In 1881, Cotulla donated 120 acres of his land to the railroad for the townsite of Cotulla, and the railroad built a depot there in 1882. While Cotulla continued to develop his town, Iuka's postmaster, Jesse Laxton, developed a townsite just across the tracks named La Salle. La Salle was granted a post office in 1881, and in 1882, was designated the temporary county seat. However, Cotulla became the county seat by special election in 1883.[1]

Geography

La Salle County highway visitor center on Interstate 35 south of Cotulla (November 2014)

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,494 square miles (3,870 km2), of which 1,487 square miles (3,850 km2) is land and 7.5 square miles (19 km2) (0.5%) is water.[5]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
187069—
18807891,043.5%
18902,139171.1%
19002,3037.7%
19104,747106.1%
19204,8211.6%
19308,22870.7%
19408,003−2.7%
19507,485−6.5%
19605,972−20.2%
19705,014−16.0%
19805,51410.0%
19905,254−4.7%
20005,86611.6%
20106,88617.4%
2019 (est.)7,520[6]9.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1850–2010[8] 2010–2014[2]

As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 5,866 people, 1,819 households, and 1,351 families residing in the county. The population density was 4 people per square mile (2/km²). There were 2,436 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 81.47% White, 3.55% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 12.21% from other races, and 2.13% from two or more races. 77.12% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,819 households out of which 37.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.70% were married couples living together, 15.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.70% were non-families. 22.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.45.

In the county, the population was spread out with 29.40% under the age of 18, 10.00% from 18 to 24, 27.70% from 25 to 44, 21.30% from 45 to 64, and 11.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 113.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 121.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $21,857, and the median income for a family was $25,494. Males had a median income of $20,856 versus $17,339 for females. The per capita income for the county was $9,692. About 28.20% of families and 29.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 38.50% of those under age 18 and 24.80% of those age 65 or over. The county's per-capita income makes it one of the poorest counties in the United States yet it has one of the highest average incomes of the top 1% in the United States.[10]

Education

Most of La Salle County is served by the Cotulla Independent School District. The Dilley Independent School District serves a small portion of northwestern La Salle County.

Communities

Cities

Census-designated place

Unincorporated communities

Ghost town

Notable people

O. Henry, the famous short-story writer, lived and worked on a sheep ranch in La Salle County from 1882 to 1884 before settling in Austin as a pharmacist and bank teller.

In the early 1920s, the author-folklorist J. Frank Dobie briefly left the University of Texas at Austin to work on his uncle's ranch in La Salle County. His articles about Texas Longhorn cattle helped to prevent their extinction.

Ray Keck, the fifth and current president of Texas A&M International University in Laredo, was born in San Antonio and reared in Cotulla, where his father, Ray Keck, Jr., was president of Stockmen's National Bank.[11]

Politics

Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[12]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 42.4% 872 54.8% 1,129 2.8% 58
2012 40.6% 669 58.6% 965 0.7% 12
2008 40.2% 714 59.2% 1,052 0.6% 10
2004 44.4% 989 55.1% 1,229 0.5% 12
2000 36.3% 731 62.9% 1,266 0.9% 17
1996 26.1% 570 69.7% 1,522 4.2% 92
1992 25.3% 586 65.6% 1,522 9.1% 211
1988 29.5% 693 70.2% 1,651 0.3% 8
1984 40.1% 1,007 59.8% 1,504 0.1% 3
1980 34.4% 773 64.2% 1,442 1.5% 33
1976 34.1% 677 65.3% 1,294 0.6% 12
1972 65.1% 1,073 34.4% 567 0.5% 8
1968 30.0% 324 59.7% 645 10.4% 112
1964 18.4% 223 81.5% 988 0.1% 1
1960 31.2% 326 68.6% 718 0.2% 2
1956 43.9% 449 56.1% 574 0.1% 1
1952 40.9% 565 59.0% 816 0.1% 1
1948 14.8% 135 78.8% 719 6.5% 59
1944 14.8% 127 80.5% 692 4.8% 41
1940 13.7% 112 86.3% 706
1936 9.5% 74 90.5% 704
1932 10.2% 92 89.5% 810 0.3% 3
1928 40.6% 327 59.4% 479
1924 13.5% 73 84.7% 458 1.9% 10
1920 16.9% 53 80.3% 252 2.9% 9
1916 10.4% 40 88.5% 340 1.0% 4
1912 5.1% 21 82.3% 339 12.6% 52

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Leffler, John (2010-06-15). "La Salle County - Handbook of Texas Online". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
  2. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on October 18, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  4. ^ "Texas: Individual County Chronologies". Texas Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2015.
  5. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved May 3, 2015.
  6. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  7. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 3, 2015.
  8. ^ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Retrieved May 3, 2015.
  9. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  10. ^ "This Map Shows Where the 1% Lives". howmuch.net. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  11. ^ Judith Zaffirini (January 27, 1997). "Senate Resolution in Memory of Ray M. Keck, Jr". legis.state.tx.us. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
  12. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-07-26.
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