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83rd United States Congress

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83rd United States Congress
82nd ←
→ 84th
(1956)
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
Members96 senators
435 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityRepublican Party
Senate PresidentAlben W. Barkley (D) (until Jan 20, 1953)
Richard Nixon (R) (from Jan 20, 1953)
House majorityRepublican Party
House SpeakerJoseph William Martin, Jr. (R)
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1953 – August 3, 1953
2nd: January 6, 1954 – December 2, 1954

The Eighty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1953 to January 3, 1955, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950.

Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Major events

Further information: Events of 1953, Events of 1954

Major legislation

President Eisenhower signs the Atomic Energy Act of 1954.
Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 83rd United States Congress

Key Votes

Senate

Legislation Party Yea Nay
Formosa Policy Democrats 12 32
January 28, 1955 Republicans 1 42
Rejected 13 74
China Mutual Defense Treaty Democrats 9 33
February 9, 1955 Republicans 1 27
Rejected 10 60
Raising Congressional Salaries Democrats 30 13
February 23, 1955 Republicans 32 11
Passed 62 24

House of Representatives

Legislation Party Yea Nay
Raising Congressional Salaries Democrats 166 59
February 16, 1955 Republicans 117 59
Passed 283 118
Reciprocal Trade Extension Democrats 80 140
February 18, 1955 Republicans 119 66
Rejected 199 206
Reciprocal Trade Extension Democrats 186 35
February 18, 1955 Republicans 109 75
Passed 295 110
Taxation Democrats 16 205
February 25, 1955 Republicans 189 5
Rejected 205 210

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Independent
(I)		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 45 0 50 95 1
Begin 47 1 48 96 0
End
Final voting share 49.0% 1.0% 50.0%
Beginning of next congress 48 1 47 96 0

House of Representatives

221 Republicans, 213 Democrats, 1 Independent

Total Membership: 435 Representatives, 2 Delegates, 1 Resident Commissioner

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Within each state, senators are listed in order of seniority. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.

House of Representatives

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate |- | North Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Willis Smith (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 25, 1953 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alton Lennon (D) | July 10, 1953 |- | New Hampshire
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Charles W. Tobey (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 24, 1953 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Robert W. Upton (R) | August 14, 1953 |- | Ohio
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Robert A. Taft (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 31, 1953. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Burke (D) | November 10, 1953 |- | Nebraska
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Dwight Griswold (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 12, 1954 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Eva Bowring (R) | April 16, 1954 |- | North Carolina
(3) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Clyde R. Hoey (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 12, 1954 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Sam Ervin (D) | June 5, 1954 |- | Wyoming
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lester C. Hunt (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 19, 1954. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Edward D. Crippa (R) | June 24, 1954 |- | Nebraska
(1) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Hugh A. Butler (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 1, 1954 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Samuel W. Reynolds (R) | July 3, 1954 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Burnet R. Maybank (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 1, 1954. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Charles E. Daniel (D) | September 6, 1954 |- | Nevada
(3) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Pat McCarran (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 28, 1954 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Ernest S. Brown (R) | October 1, 1954 |- | Nebraska
(1) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Samuel W. Reynolds (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 7, 1954 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Roman Hruska (R) | November 8, 1954 |- | Nebraska
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Eva Bowring (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 7, 1954 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Hazel Abel (R) | November 8, 1954 |- | New Hampshire
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Robert W. Upton (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 7, 1954. Lost special election to fill seat. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Norris Cotton (R) | November 8, 1954 |- | North Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alton Lennon (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 28, 1954. Lost special election to fill seat. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | W. Kerr Scott (D) | November 29, 1954 |- | Wyoming
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Edward D. Crippa (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 28, 1954. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) | November 29, 1954 |- | Nevada
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Ernest S. Brown (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected December 1, 1954. Lost special election to fill seat. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alan Bible (D) | December 2, 1954 |- | Ohio
(3) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Burke (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected December 2, 1954. Lost special election to fill seat. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | George H. Bender (R) | December 16, 1954 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Charles E. Daniel (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 23, 1954. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Strom Thurmond (D) | December 24, 1954 |- | Nebraska
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Hazel Abel (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1954 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Carl Curtis (R) | January 1, 1955 |}

House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep |- | Georgia 2nd | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Edward E. Cox died during previous congress | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | J. L. Pilcher (D) | February 4, 1953 |- | Illinois 7th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Adolph J. Sabath died during previous congress | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | James Bowler (D) | July 7, 1953 |- | Virginia 5th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Thomas B. Stanley (D) | style="font-size:80%" | resigned February 3, 1953 to run for Governor of Virginia | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | William M. Tuck (D) | April 14, 1953 |- | South Carolina 4th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Joseph R. Bryson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 10, 1953 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Robert T. Ashmore (D) | June 2, 1953 |- | Kentucky 2nd | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Garrett L. Withers (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 30, 1953 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | William H. Natcher (D) | August 1, 1953 |- | Wisconsin 9th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Merlin Hull (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 17, 1953 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Lester Johnson (D) | October 13, 1953 |- | California 24th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Norris Poulson (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 11, 1953 after being elected Mayor of Los Angeles | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Glenard P. Lipscomb (R) | November 10, 1953 |- | New Jersey 6th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Clifford P. Case (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 16, 1953 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Harrison A. Williams (D) | November 3, 1953 |- | Hawaii Territory At-large | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Joseph R. Farrington (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 19, 1954 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Elizabeth P. Farrington (R) | August 4, 1954 |- | New York 8th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Louis B. Heller (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 21, 1954 after being appointed judge of the Court of Special Sessions of New York City | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Georgia 4th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| A. Sidney Camp (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 24, 1954 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | John J. Flynt, Jr. (D) | November 2, 1954 |- | Michigan 3rd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Paul W. Shafer (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 17, 1954 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Ohio 15th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Robert T. Secrest (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 26, 1954 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New Hampshire 2nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Norris Cotton (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 7, 1954 after being elected to the US Senate | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Nebraska 2nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Roman Hruska (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 8, 1954 after being elected to the US Senate | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Florida 6th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Dwight L. Rogers (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 1, 1954 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Ohio 15th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| George H. Bender (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 15, 1954 after being elected to the US Senate | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Nebraska 1st | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Carl Curtis (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1954 after being elected to the US Senate | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New York 21st | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Jacob K. Javits (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1954 after being elected New York Attorney General | Vacant | Not filled this term |}

Employees

House of Representatives

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