Flora of Romania
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The flora of Romania comprises around 3,450 species of vascular plants, which represents around 30% of the vascular flora of Europe.[1]
The three major vegetation zones in Romania are the alpine, steppe, and forest zones.[2] The latter can be subdivided (depending on soil, climate, and altitude) into regions dominated by the Norway Spruce, European Beech, and various species of Oak,[2] together with less widespread vegetation types such as the Dinaric calcareous block fir forest.
The Danube Delta is the largest continuous marshland in Europe.[3] Vegetation in the marshland is dominated by reeds, with Willow, Poplar, Alder, and Oak on the higher ground.[3] In 1991, this area became part of the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.[3] The delta supports 1,688 different plant species.[4]
The meadow-steppe grassland areas of Romania are also species-rich, but endangered.[5]
Among the flora of Romania are medicinal plants such as Arnica montana, Primula veris, Tussilago farfara, and Atropa belladonna.[1]
All the genera and species of plants found in Romania are listed in the 1977 work The Flora of Romania Illustrated Determinator of Vascular Plants.[6]
Kingdom Plantae
Division Pteridophyta
Class Lycopsida
1.(1) Huperzia (L.) Bernh. | 1.(1) H. selago L. | Lycopodium selago L. | |||
1.(2) Lycopodium L. | 1.(2) L. clavatum | ||||
2.(3) L. annotinum L. | |||||
1.(4) L. inundatum L. | |||||
1.(5) L. complanatum L. | L. complanatum ssp. complanatum | L. complanatum ssp. anceps (Valir.) Milde | |||
L. complanatum ssp. chamaeeyparissus (A.Br.) Doll, | L. tristachyum Pursh | ||||
1.(6) L. alpinum L. | |||||
1.(3) Selaginella P.B. | 1(7)S. selaginoides (L.) | S. spirulosa A. BR. | |||
2(8)? S. helvetica (L.) Link | |||||
1.(4)Isoëtes L. | 1(9) ? I. lacustre L. | ||||
2(10) ? I. setaceum Lam. | I. tenella Lam. ex Desv., I. echinospora Dur. |
Class Sphenopsida
1.(5)Equisetum | 1(11)E. telmatea Ehrh. | Equisetum maximum auct. | |||
2(12)E. arvense L. | |||||
3(13)E. silvaticum L. | |||||
4(14)E. fluviatile L. em. Ehrh. | Equisetum limnosum Ehrh. | ||||
5(15) E. palustre L. | |||||
6(16) E. ramosissimun Desf. | |||||
7(17) E. pratense Ehrh. | |||||
8(18) E. hyemale | |||||
9(19) E. variegatum Schleich. | |||||
E. X morel Newm. (= hyemale X ramosissimun) | |||||
E. X naegelianum W. Koch (= ramosissimun X variegatum ) |
Class Filicopsida
X = hybrid
? = Species which were no longer found in 1977.
Division Spermatophyta
Subdivision Gymnospermae
1.Abies Mill. | ||||
2.Pseudotsuga Carr.[7] | ||||
3.Picea A.Dietr. | ||||
4.Larix Mill. | ||||
5.Pinus L. | ||||
1.Taxodium Rich.[7] | ||||
2.Chamaecyparis Spach[7] | ||||
3.Thuja L.[7] | ||||
4.Juniperus L. | ||||
Taxus L. | ||||
Ephedra L.// |
Subdivision Angiospermae
Class Dicotyledoneae
Orders 1-25
Orders 26-33
Class Monocotyledonatae
See also
Notes
- ^ a b Danela Murariu; Silvia Strajeru; Constantin Milica; Steluta Radu (2004). "Status of the Romanian medicinal and aromatic plant collection". In Dea Baričevič (ed.). Report of a Working Group on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: First Meeting, 12–14 September 2002, Gozd Martuljek, Slovenia. Bioversity International. pp. 109–113. ISBN 978-92-9043-633-1.
- ^ a b Valeriu Enescu. "Forest Genetic Resources Conservation in Romania". Forest Genetic Resources N.24. Organizația Națiunilor Unite pentru Agricultură și Alimentație. Retrieved 6 April 2009.
- ^ a b c "Danube Delta". UNESCO's World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2008-01-10.
- ^ Ellen Wohl (2010). A World of Rivers: Environmental Change on Ten of the World's Great Rivers. University of Chicago Press. p. 130. ISBN 0-226-90478-4.
- ^ John Akeroyd; Nat Page (2007). "The Saxon Villages of Southern Transylvania: Conserving Biodiversity in a Historic Landscape". In Dan Gafta; John Akeroyd (eds.). Nature Conservation: Concepts and Practice. Springer. p. 205. ISBN 3-540-47228-2.
- ^ Al. Beldie (1977). Flora României Determinator Ilustrat al Plantelor Vasculare (in Romanian). Vol. I. Editura Academiei R.S.R.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Introduced, not native
References
- Anca Sârbu (1999). Biologie vegetală (in Romanian). Editura Universității din București.
- Vasile Ciocârlan (2000). Flora Ilustrată a României (in Romanian). Editura Ceres.
- Speta, Elise; Rákosy, László (2010). Wildpflanzen Siebenbürgens (in German). Vienna Natural History Museum / Naturhistorisches Museum Wien.
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