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Haidong

Coordinates: 36°28′24″N 102°24′38″E / 36.4734°N 102.4106°E / 36.4734; 102.4106
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(Redirected from Haidong, Qinghai)
For other uses, see Haedong (disambiguation).

36°28′24″N 102°24′38″E / 36.4734°N 102.4106°E / 36.4734; 102.4106

Haidong
海东市
Prefecture-level city
A street in Ping'an District
A street in Ping'an District
Location of Haidong Prefecture in Qinghai
Location of Haidong Prefecture in Qinghai
Coordinates (Haidong CCP Committee, Ping'an District): 36°30′06″N 102°06′21″E / 36.5018°N 102.1058°E / 36.5018; 102.1058
CountryChina
ProvinceQinghai
Municipal seatLedu District
Area
 • Prefecture-level city13,200 km2 (5,100 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Prefecture-level city1,726,100
 • Density130/km2 (340/sq mi)
 • Urban
611,800
GDP[2]
 • Prefecture-level cityCN¥ 38.4 billion
US$ 6.7 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 26,531
US$4,260
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 codeCN-QH-02
Websitewww.haidong.gov.cn (in Chinese)
Haidong
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese海东市
Traditional Chinese海東市
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHǎidōng shì
Tibetan name
Tibetanམཚོ་ཤར་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།
Transcriptions
Wyliemtsho shar grong khyer

Haidong (Chinese: 海东市; pinyin: Hǎidōng shì) is a prefecture-level city of Qinghai province in Western China. Its name literally means "east of the (Qinghai) Lake." On 8 February 2013 Haidong was upgraded from a prefecture (海东地区) into a prefecture-level city.[3] Haidong is the third most populous administrative division in Qinghai after Xining and Golmud.

Haidong was historically populated by the Qiang people, although the area has been inhabited as early as 6000 years ago. In 121 BC the area was captured by Huo Qubing, defeating the Xiongnu. In 399 AD the Xianbei founded the state of Nanliang, with its capital in Ledu District.[4]

Geography

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Haidong is the easternmost division of Qinghai province. It is bounded by Xining, the provincial capital, to the West, the Datong River Valley to the north, Gansu to the east, and the Yellow River to the south. Mountain ranges tower above the district of which the main valley is the one of the Huang Shui (Tib. Tsong Chu), a major tributary of the Yellow River. This valley stretches from west to east and makes up - together with the area around Xining, the landscape which is called Tsongkha ("Onion Valley") by Tibetans. It has a total area of 13,100 square kilometres (5,100 sq mi)

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Haidong (Ping'an District), elevation 2,125 m (6,972 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1) 		22.4
(72.3) 		27.6
(81.7) 		30.1
(86.2) 		30.5
(86.9) 		32.2
(90.0) 		37.6
(99.7) 		35.1
(95.2) 		29.3
(84.7) 		24.7
(76.5) 		20.5
(68.9) 		13.8
(56.8) 		37.6
(99.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.4
(36.3) 		6.3
(43.3) 		11.6
(52.9) 		17.6
(63.7) 		21.2
(70.2) 		24.4
(75.9) 		26.2
(79.2) 		25.2
(77.4) 		20.3
(68.5) 		15.2
(59.4) 		9.4
(48.9) 		3.9
(39.0) 		15.3
(59.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.1
(21.0) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		3.6
(38.5) 		9.6
(49.3) 		13.6
(56.5) 		17.1
(62.8) 		19.0
(66.2) 		18.1
(64.6) 		13.6
(56.5) 		7.7
(45.9) 		1.1
(34.0) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		7.5
(45.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −12.1
(10.2) 		−8.4
(16.9) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		3.1
(37.6) 		7.3
(45.1) 		11.1
(52.0) 		13.3
(55.9) 		12.9
(55.2) 		9.0
(48.2) 		2.6
(36.7) 		−4.6
(23.7) 		−10.6
(12.9) 		1.8
(35.2)
Record low °C (°F) −21.9
(−7.4) 		−18.9
(−2.0) 		−14.6
(5.7) 		−7.9
(17.8) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		3.9
(39.0) 		6.5
(43.7) 		5.9
(42.6) 		0.1
(32.2) 		−7.5
(18.5) 		−15.6
(3.9) 		−21.1
(−6.0) 		−21.9
(−7.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 1.1
(0.04) 		1.3
(0.05) 		5.2
(0.20) 		15.1
(0.59) 		42.9
(1.69) 		52.4
(2.06) 		72.8
(2.87) 		68.3
(2.69) 		53.6
(2.11) 		20.6
(0.81) 		2.9
(0.11) 		0.7
(0.03) 		336.9
(13.25)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.1 2.3 3.8 5.5 10.2 13.1 13.5 12.4 12.4 7.2 2.5 1.6 86.6
Average snowy days 4.0 4.6 5.4 2.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.1 1.2 3.9 3.0 24.8
Average relative humidity (%) 45 43 42 42 50 56 61 63 67 62 52 48 53
Mean monthly sunshine hours 202.4 208.5 236.1 245.7 252.1 234.4 240.4 231.4 192.8 209.2 207.2 202.1 2,662.3
Percent possible sunshine 65 67 63 62 58 54 54 56 53 61 68 68 61
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6]
Climate data for Haidong (Ledu District), elevation 2,021 m (6,631 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9) 		6.6
(43.9) 		12.2
(54.0) 		18.3
(64.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		25.3
(77.5) 		27.1
(80.8) 		25.9
(78.6) 		21.0
(69.8) 		15.9
(60.6) 		9.9
(49.8) 		4.0
(39.2) 		15.9
(60.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) −5.5
(22.1) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		4.4
(39.9) 		10.4
(50.7) 		14.4
(57.9) 		18.0
(64.4) 		19.9
(67.8) 		18.9
(66.0) 		14.4
(57.9) 		8.4
(47.1) 		1.8
(35.2) 		−4.1
(24.6) 		8.3
(46.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −11.6
(11.1) 		−7.8
(18.0) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		3.6
(38.5) 		7.9
(46.2) 		11.8
(53.2) 		14.1
(57.4) 		13.7
(56.7) 		9.6
(49.3) 		3.1
(37.6) 		−3.8
(25.2) 		−9.9
(14.2) 		2.4
(36.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 1.2
(0.05) 		1.8
(0.07) 		7.1
(0.28) 		15.0
(0.59) 		42.3
(1.67) 		50.3
(1.98) 		69.5
(2.74) 		71.2
(2.80) 		52.1
(2.05) 		20.7
(0.81) 		2.9
(0.11) 		0.8
(0.03) 		334.9
(13.18)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.4 2.9 4.8 5.7 9.8 13.0 13.2 12.3 12.6 7.0 2.6 1.8 88.1
Average snowy days 4.1 5.0 5.7 1.9 0.2 0 0 0 0 1.1 3.8 3.2 25
Average relative humidity (%) 47 45 44 44 52 57 61 64 69 64 55 51 54
Mean monthly sunshine hours 190.5 194.9 225.8 236.8 242.7 228.7 231.7 221.3 185.6 195.3 195.7 194.2 2,543.2
Percent possible sunshine 61 63 60 60 55 52 52 54 51 57 65 65 58
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][7]

Administrative divisions

[edit]
Map
Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Population
(2010 Census) 		Area (km²) Density
(/km²)
Ping'an District 平安区 Píng'ān Qū 102,975 750 137
Ledu District 乐都区 Lèdū Qū 260,185 2,821 92
Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County 民和回族土族自治县 Mínhé Huízú Tǔzú
Zìzhìxiàn 		350,118 1,780 197
Huzhu Tu Autonomous County 互助土族自治县 Hùzhù Tǔzú
Zìzhìxiàn 		356,437 3,321 107
Hualong Hui Autonomous County 化隆回族自治县 Huàlóng Huízú
Zìzhìxiàn 		203,317 2,740 74
Xunhua Salar Autonomous County 循化撒拉族自治县 Xúnhuà Sǎlāzú
Zìzhìxiàn 		123,814 1,749 70

Demographics

[edit]

As of 2005, the total population of Haidong is approximately 1,480,000. It is the most densely populated area[clarification needed] of Qinghai, with almost a third of the province's population (its surface makes up only two percent of Qinghai).

References

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  1. ^ "2021年海东市人口常住户籍总人数口和第七次人口普查结果-红黑人口库2021年".
  2. ^ 青海省统计局、国家统计局青海调查总队 (August 2016). 《青海统计年鉴－2016》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7834-6. Archived from the original on 2017-12-28. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
  3. ^ 2013年县级以上行政区划变更情况. XZQH (行政区划网). Retrieved 28 February 2013.
  4. ^ "海 东 市 市 情". www.haidong.gov.cn. Retrieved 2021-02-23.[permanent dead link]
  5. ^ a b 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  6. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  7. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.

Further reading

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  • A. Gruschke: The Cultural Monuments of Tibet’s Outer Provinces: Amdo - Volume 1. The Qinghai Part of Amdo, White Lotus Press, Bangkok 2001. ISBN 974-480-049-6
  • Tsering Shakya: The Dragon in the Land of Snows. A History of Modern Tibet Since 1947, London 1999, ISBN 0-14-019615-3
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