77th United States Congress

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77th United States Congress
76th ←
→ 78th
United States Capitol (1956)
January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
Members96 senators
435 representatives
4 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentJohn Garner (D) (until Jan 20, 1941)
Henry A. Wallace (D) (from Jan 20, 1941)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerSam Rayburn (D)
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1941 – January 2, 1942
2nd: January 5, 1942 – December 16, 1942

The Seventy-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1941 to January 3, 1943, during the ninth and tenth years of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixteenth Census of the United States in 1940. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

This was the first Congress to have more than one Senate President (the Vice President of the United States), John Garner and Henry Wallace, due to the passage of the 20th amendment in 1933.

President Franklin Roosevelt signing the Lend-Lease Act, March 11, 1941.
President Roosevelt delivering the "Infamy Speech" to Congress, requesting a declaration of war, December 8, 1941. Behind him are Vice President Henry Wallace (left) and House Speaker Sam Rayburn. To the right, in uniform in front of Rayburn, is Roosevelt's son James, who escorted his father to the Capitol.
President Roosevelt signing the declaration of war against Japan, December 8, 1941

Major events

Main articles: 1941 in the United States, 1942 in the United States, and 1943 in the United States

Major legislation and resolutions

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 77th United States Congress

Select committees

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Farmer-
Labor
(FL)		Progressive
(P)		Republican
(R)		Independent
(I)
End of previous congress 68 1 1 25 1 96 0
Begin 66 0 1 28 1 96 0
End 64 30
Final voting share 66.7% 0.0% 1.0% 31.3% 1.0%
Beginning of next congress 58 0 1 36 0 95 1

House of Representatives

Total 435

Members

Senate

Senators are elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.

House of Representatives

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate |- | West Virginia
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Matthew M. Neely (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 12, 1941 after being elected Governor of West Virginia.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently lost. In addition, successor took oath of office after the Senate resolved a challenge to the appointment. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph Rosier (D) | January 13, 1941 |- | Arkansas
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John E. Miller (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 31, 1941 after being appointed judge for the US District Court for the Western District of Arkansas.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | G. Lloyd Spencer (D) | April 1, 1941 |- | Texas
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Morris Sheppard (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 9, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Andrew Jackson Houston (D) | April 21, 1941 |- | Mississippi
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Pat Harrison (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 22, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James Eastland (D) | June 30, 1941 |- | Texas
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Andrew Jackson Houston (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 26, 1941.
Successor was elected to finish term. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | W. Lee O'Daniel (D) | June 28, 1941 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James F. Byrnes (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 17, 1941 after being appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alva M. Lumpkin (D) | July 22, 1941 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alva M. Lumpkin (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 1, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Roger C. Peace (D) | August 5, 1941 |- | Mississippi
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James Eastland (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Appointee did not seek election to finish term.
Successor was elected September 28, 1941 to finish term. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Wall Doxey (D) | September 29, 1941 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Roger C. Peace (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Appointee did not seek election to finish term.
Successor was elected November 4, 1941 to finish term. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Burnet R. Maybank (D) | November 5, 1941 |- | Colorado
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alva B. Adams (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 1, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until the November 3, 1942 special election, which he won. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Eugene Millikin (R) | December 20, 1941 |- | West Virginia
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph Rosier (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Appointee lost election November 17, 1942 to finish the term.
Successor was elected to finish term. | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Hugh Shott (R) | November 18, 1942 |- | Nevada
(1) | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Berkeley L. Bunker (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Appointee lost election December 7, 1942 to finish the term.
Successor was elected to finish term. | nowrap style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James G. Scrugham (D) | December 7, 1942 |}

House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep

|- | Oklahoma 7th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Sam C. Massingale (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 17, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Victor Wickersham (D) | April 1, 1941 |- | New York 17th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Kenneth F. Simpson (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 25, 1941 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Joseph C. Baldwin (R) | March 11, 1941 |- | Alabama 7th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Walter W. Bankhead (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 1, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Carter Manasco (D) | June 24, 1941 |- | Maryland 6th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | William D. Byron (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 27, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Katharine Byron (D) | May 27, 1941 |- | Virginia 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Colgate Darden (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 1, 1941 to run for Governor of Virginia | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Winder R. Harris (D) | April 8, 1941 |- | New York 42nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Pius L. Schwert (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 11, 1941 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | John C. Butler (R) | April 22, 1941 |- | North Carolina 5th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alonzo D. Folger (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 30, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John H. Folger (D) | June 14, 1941 |- | New York 14th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Morris M. Edelstein (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 4, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Arthur G. Klein (D) | July 29, 1941 |- | Wisconsin 1st | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Stephen Bolles (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 8, 1941 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Lawrence H. Smith (R) | August 29, 1941 |- | Pennsylvania 15th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Albert G. Rutherford (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 10, 1941 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Wilson D. Gillette (R) | November 4, 1941 |- | Colorado 4th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Edward T. Taylor (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 3, 1941 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Robert F. Rockwell (R) | December 9, 1941 |- | Mississippi 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Wall Doxey (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 28, 1941 after being elected to the US Senate | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Jamie L. Whitten (D) | November 4, 1941 |- | California 17th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lee E. Geyer (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 11, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Cecil R. King (D) | August 25, 1942 |- | Massachusetts 7th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lawrence J. Connery (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 19, 1941 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas J. Lane (D) | December 30, 1941 |- | Connecticut 5th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | J. Joseph Smith (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 4, 1941 after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Joseph E. Talbot (R) | January 20, 1942 |- | Pennsylvania 12th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | J. Harold Flannery (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 3, 1942 after becoming judge of common pleas for Luzerne County, PA | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Thomas B. Miller (R) | May 19, 1942 |- | Pennsylvania 33rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph A. McArdle (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 5, 1942 after being elected to the Pittsburgh City Council | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Elmer J. Holland (D) | May 19, 1942 |- | Pennsylvania 11th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Patrick J. Boland (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 18, 1942 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Veronica G. Boland (D) | November 3, 1942 |- | Washington 5th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Arthur D. Healey (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 1, 1942 after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Massachusetts 8th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Charles H. Leavy (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 3, 1942 after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Ohio 15th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert T. Secrest (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 3, 1942 after accepting a commission in the US Navy | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Ohio 13th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Albert D. Baumhart, Jr. (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 2, 1942 after accepting a commission in the US Navy | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Iowa 9th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Vincent F. Harrington (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 5, 1942 after accepting a commission as major in the United States Army | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Harry E. Narey (R) | November 3, 1942 |- | California 3rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Frank H. Buck (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 17, 1942 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Maryland 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | William Purington Cole, Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 26, 1942 after being appointed judge for the US Customs Court | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Pennsylvania 25th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Charles I. Faddis (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 4, 1942 to enter the US Army | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Illinois 4th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Harry P. Beam (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 6, 1942 after being elected judge for the municipal court of Chicago | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Illinois 6th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | A. F. Maciejewski (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 6, 1942 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Missouri 6th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Philip A. Bennett (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 7, 1942 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Nevada At-large | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James G. Scrugham (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 7, 1942 after being elected to the US Senate | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Senate

House

See also

References

  • House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 77th Congress (PDF).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 1st Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 1st Session (Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 2nd Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).
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