78th United States Congress

78th United States Congress
77th ← → 79th
United States Capitol (1956)
January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945
Members	96 senators 435 representatives 4 non-voting delegates
Senate majority	Democratic
Senate President	Henry A. Wallace (D)
House majority	Democratic
House Speaker	Sam Rayburn (D)
Sessions
1st: January 6, 1943 – December 21, 1943 2nd: January 10, 1944 – December 19, 1944

The Seventy-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1943, to January 3, 1945, during the last two years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixteenth Census of the United States in 1940. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Major events

Main articles: 1943 in the United States, 1944 in the United States, and 1945 in the United States

• World War II continued (1941–1945)
• June 6, 1944: Battle of Normandy
• November 7, 1944: General elections:
  • President Roosevelt was re-elected to a fourth term.
  • Senate Democrats kept their majority despite 1-seat net loss.
  • House Democrats increased their majority with a 20-seat net gain.

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 78th United States Congress

• December 17, 1943: Magnuson Act (Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act of 1943), Sess. 1, ch. 344, 57 Stat. 600
• February 3, 1944: Mustering-out Payment Act, Sess. 2, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–225, 58 Stat. 8
• June 6, 1944: Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 (G.I. Bill), Sess. 2, ch. 268, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–345, 58 Stat. 284
• June 27, 1944: Veterans' Preference Act, Sess. 2, ch. 287, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–359, 58 Stat. 387
• July 1, 1944: Public Health Service Act, Sess. 2, ch. 373, 58 Stat. 682
• December 22, 1944: Pick-Sloan Flood Control Act, Sess. 2, ch. 665, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 78–534, 58 Stat. 887

Party summary

Senate

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant
	Democratic (D)	Progressive (P)	Republican (R)	Other
End of previous congress	64	1	30	1	96	0
Begin	57	1	38	0	96	0
End	56		39
Final voting share	58.3%	1.0%	40.6%	0.0%
Beginning of next congress	57	1	38	0	96	0

House of Representatives

	Party (shading shows control)					Total	Vacant
	Democratic (D)	Farmer– Labor (FL)	American Labor (AL)	Wisconsin Progressive (P)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	254	1	1	3	165	424	11
Begin	222	1	1	2	208	434	1
End	212				210	426	9
Final voting share	49.8%	0.2%	0.2%	0.5%	49.3%
Beginning of next congress	242	0	1	1	190	434	1

Leaders

Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R)

Senate

• President: Henry A. Wallace (D)
• President pro tempore: Carter Glass (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: Alben W. Barkley
• Majority Whip: Lister Hill
• Caucus Secretary: Francis T. Maloney

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Charles L. McNary, until February 25, 1944
  • Wallace H. White, Jr., after February 25, 1944
• Minority whip: No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization."
• Republican Conference Secretary: Wallace H. White, Jr., until February 25, 1944
  • Harold Hitz Burton (from February 25, 1944)

House of Representatives

• Speaker: Sam Rayburn (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: John William McCormack
• Majority whip: Robert Ramspeck
• Democratic Caucus Chairman: Harry R. Sheppard
• Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Patrick H. Drewry

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Joseph William Martin, Jr.
• Minority whip: Harry Lane Englebright, until May 13, 1943
  • Leslie C. Arends, from May 13, 1943
• Republican Conference Chairman: Roy O. Woodruff

Members

Senate

Senate party membership: light blue is two Democrats, red is two Republicans, and dark blue is one of each

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1944; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1946; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1948.

Alabama

• 2. John H. Bankhead II (D)
• 3. Joseph Lister Hill (D)

Arizona

• 1. Ernest W. McFarland (D)
• 3. Carl Hayden (D)

Arkansas

• 2. John Little McClellan (D)
• 3. Hattie Wyatt Caraway (D)

California

• 1. Hiram Warren Johnson (R)
• 3. Sheridan Downey (D)

Colorado

• 2. Edwin Carl Johnson (D)
• 3. Eugene D. Millikin (R)

Connecticut

• 1. Francis Thomas Maloney (D)
• 3. John A. Danaher (R)

Delaware

• 1. James M. Tunnell (D)
• 2. C. Douglass Buck (R)

Florida

• 1. Charles Oscar Andrews (D)
• 3. Claude Denson Pepper (D)

Georgia

• 2. Walter F. George (D)
• 3. Richard Russell Jr. (D)

Idaho

• 2. John W. Thomas (R)
• 3. D. Worth Clark (D)

Illinois

• 2. Charles W. Brooks (R)
• 3. Scott W. Lucas (D)

Indiana

• 1. Raymond E. Willis (R)
• 3. Frederick Van Nuys (D), until January 25, 1944
  • Samuel D. Jackson (D), January 28, 1944 – November 13, 1944
  • William E. Jenner (R), from November 14, 1944

Iowa

• 2. George A. Wilson (R)
• 3. Guy M. Gillette (D)

Kansas

• 2. Arthur Capper (R)
• 3. Clyde M. Reed (R)

Kentucky

• 2. Happy Chandler (D)
• 3. Alben William Barkley (D)

Louisiana

• 2. Allen Joseph Ellender (D)
• 3. John Holmes Overton (D)

Maine

• 1. Ralph Owen Brewster (R)
• 2. Wallace H. White, Jr. (R)

Maryland

• 1. George Lovic Radcliffe (D)
• 3. Millard Evelyn Tydings (D)

Massachusetts

• 1. David Ignatius Walsh (D)
• 2. Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (R), until February 3, 1944
  • Sinclair Weeks (R), February 8, 1944 – December 19, 1944
  • Leverett Saltonstall (R), from December 19, 1944

Michigan

• 1. Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg (R)
• 2. Homer Ferguson (R)

Minnesota

• 1. Henrik Shipstead (R)
• 2. Joseph H. Ball (R)

Mississippi

• 1. Theodore Gilmore Bilbo (D)
• 2. James O. Eastland (D)

Missouri

• 1. Harry S. Truman (D)
• 3. Bennett Champ Clark (D)

Montana

• 1. Burton Kendall Wheeler (D)
• 2. James Edward Murray (D)

Nebraska

• 1. Hugh A. Butler (R)
• 2. Kenneth S. Wherry (R)

Nevada

• 1. James G. Scrugham (D)
• 3. Patrick Anthony McCarran (D)

New Hampshire

• 2. Styles Bridges (R)
• 3. Charles W. Tobey (R)

New Jersey

• 1. William Warren Barbour (R), until November 22, 1943
  • Arthur Walsh (D), November 26, 1943 – December 7, 1944
  • H. Alexander Smith (R), from December 7, 1944
• 2. Albert W. Hawkes (R)

New Mexico

• 1. Dennis Wyatt Chavez (D)
• 2. Carl Atwood Hatch (D)

New York

• 1. James Michael Mead (D)
• 3. Robert Ferdinand Wagner (D)

North Carolina

• 2. Josiah William Bailey (D)
• 3. Robert Rice Reynolds (D)

North Dakota

• 1. William Langer (R)
• 3. Gerald Prentice Nye (R)

Ohio

• 1. Harold H. Burton (R)
• 3. Robert A. Taft (R)

Oklahoma

• 2. Edward H. Moore (R)
• 3. Elmer Thomas (D)

Oregon

• 2. Charles L. McNary (R), until February 25, 1944
  • Guy Cordon (R), from March 4, 1944
• 3. Rufus C. Holman (R)

Pennsylvania

• 1. Joseph F. Guffey (D)
• 3. James J. Davis (R)

Rhode Island

• 1. Peter G. Gerry (D)
• 2. Theodore F. Green (D)

South Carolina

• 2. Burnet R. Maybank (D)
• 3. Ellison Durant Smith (D), until November 17, 1944
  • Wilton E. Hall (D), from November 20, 1944

South Dakota

• 2. Harlan J. Bushfield (R)
• 3. J. Chandler Gurney (R)

Tennessee

• 1. Kenneth D. McKellar (D)
• 2. Arthur Thomas Stewart (D)

Texas

• 1. Thomas Terry Connally (D)
• 2. W. Lee O'Daniel (D)

Utah

• 1. Abe Murdock (D)
• 3. Elbert Duncan Thomas (D)

Vermont

• 1. Warren Austin (R)
• 3. George Aiken (R)

Virginia

• 1. Harry Flood Byrd (D)
• 2. Carter Glass (D)

Washington

• 1. Monrad Wallgren (D)
• 3. Homer Bone (D), until November 13, 1944
  • Warren Magnuson (D), from December 14, 1944

West Virginia

• 1. Harley M. Kilgore (D)
• 2. W. Chapman Revercomb (R)

Wisconsin

• 1. Robert M. La Follette Jr. (P)
• 3. Alexander Wiley (R)

Wyoming

• 1. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D)
• 2. Edward V. Robertson (R)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

• 1. Frank W. Boykin (D)
• 2. George M. Grant (D)
• 3. Henry B. Steagall (D), until November 22, 1943
  • George W. Andrews (D), from March 14, 1944
• 4. Sam Hobbs (D)
• 5. Joe Starnes (D)
• 6. Pete Jarman (D)
• 7. Carter Manasco (D)
• 8. John J. Sparkman (D)
• 9. John P. Newsome (D)

Arizona

• At-large. John R. Murdock (D)
• At-large. Richard F. Harless (D)

Arkansas

• 1. Ezekiel C. Gathings (D)
• 2. Wilbur D. Mills (D)
• 3. J. William Fulbright (D)
• 4. William Fadjo Cravens (D)
• 5. Brooks Hays (D)
• 6. William F. Norrell (D)
• 7. Oren Harris (D)

California

• 1. Clarence F. Lea (D)
• 2. Harry L. Englebright (R), until May 13, 1943
  • Clair Engle (D), from August 31, 1943
• 3. J. Leroy Johnson (R)
• 4. Thomas Rolph (R)
• 5. Richard J. Welch (R)
• 6. Albert E. Carter (R)
• 7. John H. Tolan (D)
• 8. Jack Z. Anderson (R)
• 9. Bertrand W. Gearhart (R)
• 10. Alfred J. Elliott (D)
• 11. George E. Outland (D)
• 12. Jerry Voorhis (D)
• 13. C. Norris Poulson (R)
• 14. Thomas F. Ford (D)
• 15. John M. Costello (D)
• 16. Will Rogers, Jr. (D), until May 23, 1944
• 17. Cecil R. King (D)
• 18. William Ward Johnson (R)
• 19. Chet Holifield (D)
• 20. John Carl Hinshaw (R)
• 21. Harry R. Sheppard (D)
• 22. John J. Phillips (R)
• 23. Edouard V. M. Izac (D)

Colorado

• 1. Lawrence Lewis (D), until December 9, 1943
  • Dean M. Gillespie (R), from March 7, 1944
• 2. William S. Hill (R)
• 3. J. Edgar Chenoweth (R)
• 4. Robert F. Rockwell (R)

Connecticut

• At-large. B. J. Monkiewicz (R)
• 1. William J. Miller (R)
• 2. John D. McWilliams (R)
• 3. Ranulf Compton (R)
• 4. Clare B. Luce (R)
• 5. Joseph E. Talbot (R)

Delaware

• At-large. Earle D. Willey (R)

Florida

• At-large. Robert A. Green (D), until November 25, 1944
• 1. J. Hardin Peterson (D)
• 2. Emory H. Price (D)
• 3. Robert L. F. Sikes (D), until October 19, 1944
• 4. Pat Cannon (D)
• 5. Joe Hendricks (D)

Georgia

• 1. Hugh Peterson (D)
• 2. Edward E. Cox (D)
• 3. Stephen Pace (D)
• 4. A. Sidney Camp (D)
• 5. Robert Ramspeck (D)
• 6. Carl Vinson (D)
• 7. Malcolm C. Tarver (D)
• 8. John S. Gibson (D)
• 9. B. Frank Whelchel (D)
• 10. Paul Brown (D)

Idaho

• 1. Compton I. White (D)
• 2. Henry C. Dworshak Jr. (R)

Illinois

• At-large. Stephen A. Day (R)
• 1. William L. Dawson (D)
• 2. William A. Rowan (D)
• 3. Fred E. Busbey (R)
• 4. Martin Gorski (D)
• 5. Adolph J. Sabath (D)
• 6. Thomas Joseph O'Brien (D)
• 7. Leonard W. Schuetz (D), until February 13, 1944
• 8. Thomas S. Gordon (D)
• 9. Charles S. Dewey (R)
• 10. Ralph E. Church (R)
• 11. Chauncey W. Reed (R)
• 12. Noah M. Mason (R)
• 13. Leo E. Allen (R)
• 14. Anton J. Johnson (R)
• 15. Robert B. Chiperfield (R)
• 16. Everett M. Dirksen (R)
• 17. Leslie C. Arends (R)
• 18. Jessie Sumner (R)
• 19. William H. Wheat (R), until January 16, 1944
  • Rolla C. McMillen (R), from June 13, 1944
• 20. Sid Simpson (R)
• 21. George Evan Howell (R)
• 22. Calvin D. Johnson (R)
• 23. Charles W. Vursell (R)
• 24. James V. Heidinger (R)
• 25. C. W. Bishop (R)

Indiana

• 1. Ray J. Madden (D)
• 2. Charles A. Halleck (R)
• 3. Robert A. Grant (R)
• 4. George W. Gillie (R)
• 5. Forest A. Harness (R)
• 6. Noble J. Johnson (R)
• 7. Gerald W. Landis (R)
• 8. Charles M. LaFollette (R)
• 9. Earl Wilson (R)
• 10. Raymond S. Springer (R)
• 11. Louis Ludlow (D)

Iowa

• 1. Thomas E. Martin (R)
• 2. Henry O. Talle (R)
• 3. John W. Gwynne (R)
• 4. Karl M. LeCompte (R)
• 5. Paul H. Cunningham (R)
• 6. Fred C. Gilchrist (R)
• 7. Ben F. Jensen (R)
• 8. Charles B. Hoeven (R)

Kansas

• 1. William P. Lambertson (R)
• 2. Ulysses S. Guyer (R), until June 5, 1943
  • Errett P. Scrivner (R), from September 14, 1943
• 3. Thomas Daniel Winter (R)
• 4. Edward Herbert Rees (R)
• 5. Clifford R. Hope (R)
• 6. Frank Carlson (R)

Kentucky

• 1. Noble J. Gregory (D)
• 2. Beverly M. Vincent (D)
• 3. Emmet O'Neal (D)
• 4. Edward W. Creal (D), until October 13, 1943
  • Chester O. Carrier (R), from November 30, 1943
• 5. Brent Spence (D)
• 6. Virgil Chapman (D)
• 7. Andrew J. May (D)
• 8. Joe B. Bates (D)
• 9. John M. Robsion (R)

Louisiana

• 1. F. Edward Hébert (D)
• 2. Paul H. Maloney (D)
• 3. James Domengeaux (D), until April 15, 1944
  • 3. James Domengeaux (D), from November 7, 1944
• 4. Overton Brooks (D)
• 5. Charles E. McKenzie (D)
• 6. James H. Morrison (D)
• 7. Henry D. Larcade, Jr. (D)
• 8. A. Leonard Allen (D)

Maine

• 1. Robert Hale (R)
• 2. Margaret Chase Smith (R)
• 3. Frank Fellows (R)

Maryland

• 1. David J. Ward (D)
• 2. H. Streett Baldwin (D)
• 3. Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr. (D)
• 4. Daniel Ellison (R)
• 5. Lansdale G. Sasscer (D)
• 6. J. Glenn Beall (R)

Massachusetts

• 1. Allen T. Treadway (R)
• 2. Charles Clason (R)
• 3. Philip Philbin (D)
• 4. Pehr G. Holmes (R)
• 5. Edith Nourse Rogers (R)
• 6. George J. Bates (R)
• 7. Thomas J. Lane (D)
• 8. Angier L. Goodwin (R)
• 9. Charles L. Gifford (R)
• 10. Christian Herter (R)
• 11. James Michael Curley (D)
• 12. John W. McCormack (D)
• 13. Richard B. Wigglesworth (R)
• 14. Joseph W. Martin, Jr. (R)

Michigan

• 1. George G. Sadowski (D)
• 2. Earl C. Michener (R)
• 3. Paul W. Shafer (R)
• 4. Clare E. Hoffman (R)
• 5. Bartel J. Jonkman (R)
• 6. William W. Blackney (R)
• 7. Jesse P. Wolcott (R)
• 8. Fred L. Crawford (R)
• 9. Albert J. Engel (R)
• 10. Roy O. Woodruff (R)
• 11. Fred Bradley (R)
• 12. John B. Bennett (R)
• 13. George D. O'Brien (D)
• 14. Louis C. Rabaut (D)
• 15. John D. Dingell, Sr. (D)
• 16. John Lesinski, Sr. (D)
• 17. George A. Dondero (R)

Minnesota

• 1. August H. Andresen (R)
• 2. Joseph P. O'Hara (R)
• 3. Richard Pillsbury Gale (R)
• 4. Melvin Maas (R)
• 5. Walter Judd (R)
• 6. Harold Knutson (R)
• 7. H. Carl Andersen (R)
• 8. William Pittenger (R)
• 9. Harold Hagen (FL)

Mississippi

• 1. John E. Rankin (D)
• 2. Jamie L. Whitten (D)
• 3. William M. Whittington (D)
• 4. Thomas G. Abernethy (D)
• 5. W. Arthur Winstead (D)
• 6. William M. Colmer (D)
• 7. Dan R. McGehee (D)

Missouri

• 1. Samuel W. Arnold (R)
• 2. Max Schwabe (R)
• 3. William Clay Cole (R)
• 4. C. Jasper Bell (D)
• 5. Roger C. Slaughter (D)
• 6. Marion T. Bennett (R), from January 12, 1943
• 7. Dewey Short (R)
• 8. William P. Elmer (R)
• 9. Clarence Cannon (D)
• 10. Orville Zimmerman (D)
• 11. Louis E. Miller (R)
• 12. Walter C. Ploeser (R)
• 13. John J. Cochran (D)

Montana

• 1. Mike Mansfield (D)
• 2. James F. O'Connor (D)

Nebraska

• 1. Carl T. Curtis (R)
• 2. Howard H. Buffett (R)
• 3. Karl Stefan (R)
• 4. Arthur L. Miller (R)

Nevada

• At-large. Maurice J. Sullivan (D)

New Hampshire

• 1. Charles Earl Merrow (R)
• 2. Foster Waterman Stearns (R)

New Jersey

• 1. Charles A. Wolverton (R)
• 2. Elmer H. Wene (D)
• 3. James C. Auchincloss (R)
• 4. D. Lane Powers (R)
• 5. Charles A. Eaton (R)
• 6. Donald H. McLean (R)
• 7. J. Parnell Thomas (R)
• 8. Gordon Canfield (R)
• 9. Harry L. Towe (R)
• 10. Fred A. Hartley, Jr. (R)
• 11. Frank Sundstrom (R)
• 12. Robert W. Kean (R)
• 13. Mary T. Norton (D)
• 14. Edward J. Hart (D)

New Mexico

• At-large. Clinton P. Anderson (D)
• At-large. Antonio M. Fernández (D)

New York

• At-large. Matthew J. Merritt (D)
• At-large. Winifred C. Stanley (R)
• 1. Leonard W. Hall (R)
• 2. William B. Barry (D)
• 3. Joseph L. Pfeifer (D)
• 4. Thomas H. Cullen (D), until March 1, 1944
  • John J. Rooney (D), from June 6, 1944
• 5. James J. Heffernan (D)
• 6. Andrew L. Somers (D)
• 7. John J. Delaney (D)
• 8. Donald L. O'Toole (D)
• 9. Eugene J. Keogh (D)
• 10. Emanuel Celler (D)
• 11. James A. O'Leary (D), until March 16, 1944
  • Ellsworth B. Buck (R), from June 6, 1944
• 12. Samuel Dickstein (D)
• 13. Louis J. Capozzoli (D)
• 14. Arthur G. Klein (D)
• 15. Thomas F. Burchill (D)
• 16. James H. Fay (D)
• 17. Joseph C. Baldwin (R)
• 18. Martin J. Kennedy (D)
• 19. Sol Bloom (D)
• 20. Vito Marcantonio (AL)
• 21. Joseph A. Gavagan (D), until December 30, 1943
  • James H. Torrens (D), from February 29, 1944
• 22. Walter A. Lynch (D)
• 23. Charles A. Buckley (D)
• 24. James M. Fitzpatrick (D)
• 25. Ralph A. Gamble (R)
• 26. Hamilton Fish, Jr. (R)
• 27. Jay LeFevre (R)
• 28. William T. Byrne (D)
• 29. Dean P. Taylor (R)
• 30. Bernard W. Kearney (R)
• 31. Clarence E. Kilburn (R)
• 32. Francis D. Culkin (R), until August 4, 1943
  • Hadwen C. Fuller (R), from November 2, 1943
• 33. Fred J. Douglas (R)
• 34. Edwin Arthur Hall (R)
• 35. Clarence E. Hancock (R)
• 36. John Taber (R)
• 37. W. Sterling Cole (R)
• 38. Joseph J. O'Brien (R)
• 39. James W. Wadsworth, Jr. (R)
• 40. Walter G. Andrews (R)
• 41. Joseph Mruk (R)
• 42. John Cornelius Butler (R)
• 43. Daniel A. Reed (R)

North Carolina

• 1. Herbert C. Bonner (D)
• 2. John H. Kerr (D)
• 3. Graham A. Barden (D)
• 4. Harold D. Cooley (D)
• 5. John Hamlin Folger (D)
• 6. Carl T. Durham (D)
• 7. J. Bayard Clark (D)
• 8. William O. Burgin (D)
• 9. Robert L. Doughton (D)
• 10. Cameron Morrison (D)
• 11. Alfred L. Bulwinkle (D)
• 12. Zebulon Weaver (D)

North Dakota

• At-large. William Lemke (Nonpartisan Republican)
• At-large. Usher L. Burdick (Nonpartisan Republican)

Ohio

• At-large. George H. Bender (R)
• 1. Charles H. Elston (R)
• 2. William E. Hess (R)
• 3. Harry P. Jeffrey (R)
• 4. Robert Franklin Jones (R)
• 5. Cliff Clevenger (R)
• 6. Edward O. McCowen (R)
• 7. Clarence J. Brown (R)
• 8. Frederick C. Smith (R)
• 9. Homer A. Ramey (R)
• 10. Thomas A. Jenkins (R)
• 11. Walter E. Brehm (R)
• 12. John M. Vorys (R)
• 13. Alvin F. Weichel (R)
• 14. Edmund Rowe (R)
• 15. Percy W. Griffiths (R)
• 16. Henderson H. Carson (R)
• 17. J. Harry McGregor (R)
• 18. Earl R. Lewis (R)
• 19. Michael J. Kirwan (D)
• 20. Michael A. Feighan (D)
• 21. Robert Crosser (D)
• 22. Frances P. Bolton (R)

Oklahoma

• 1. Wesley E. Disney (D)
• 2. John C. Nichols (D), until July 3, 1943
  • William G. Stigler (D), from March 28, 1944
• 3. Paul Stewart (D)
• 4. Lyle Boren (D)
• 5. A. S. Mike Monroney (D)
• 6. Jed Johnson (D)
• 7. Victor Wickersham (D)
• 8. Ross Rizley (R)

Oregon

• 1. James W. Mott (R)
• 2. Lowell Stockman (R)
• 3. Homer D. Angell (R)
• 4. Harris Ellsworth (R)

Pennsylvania

• At-large. William I. Troutman (R), until January 2, 1945
• 1. James A. Gallagher (R)
• 2. James P. McGranery (D), until November 17, 1943
  • Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (R), from January 18, 1944
• 3. Michael J. Bradley (D)
• 4. John E. Sheridan (D)
• 5. C. Frederick Pracht (R)
• 6. Francis J. Myers (D)
• 7. Hugh Scott (R)
• 8. James Wolfenden (R)
• 9. Charles L. Gerlach (R)
• 10. J. Roland Kinzer (R)
• 11. John W. Murphy (D)
• 12. Thomas B. Miller (R)
• 13. Ivor D. Fenton (R)
• 14. Daniel K. Hoch (D)
• 15. Wilson D. Gillette (R)
• 16. Thomas E. Scanlon (D)
• 17. J. William Ditter (R), until November 21, 1943
• 18. Richard M. Simpson (R)
• 19. John C. Kunkel (R)
• 20. Leon H. Gavin (R)
• 21. Francis E. Walter (D)
• 22. Chester H. Gross (R)
• 23. James E. Van Zandt (R), until September 24, 1943
  • D. Emmert Brumbaugh (R), from November 2, 1943
• 24. J. Buell Snyder (D)
• 25. Grant Furlong (D)
• 26. Louis E. Graham (R)
• 27. Harve Tibbott (R)
• 28. Augustine B. Kelley (D)
• 29. Robert L. Rodgers (R)
• 30. Samuel A. Weiss (D)
• 31. Herman P. Eberharter (D)
• 32. James A. Wright (D)

Rhode Island

• 1. Aime Forand (D)
• 2. John E. Fogarty (D), until December 7, 1944

South Carolina

• 1. L. Mendel Rivers (D)
• 2. Hampton P. Fulmer (D), until October 19, 1944
  • Willa L. Fulmer (D), from November 7, 1944
• 3. Butler B. Hare (D)
• 4. Joseph R. Bryson (D)
• 5. James P. Richards (D)
• 6. John L. McMillan (D)

South Dakota

• 1. Karl E. Mundt (R)
• 2. Francis Case (R)

Tennessee

• 1. B. Carroll Reece (R)
• 2. John Jennings, Jr. (R)
• 3. C. Estes Kefauver (D)
• 4. Albert Gore, Sr. (D), until December 4, 1944
• 5. Jim N. McCord (D)
• 6. J. Percy Priest (D)
• 7. W. Wirt Courtney (D)
• 8. Tom J. Murray (D)
• 9. Jere Cooper (D)
• 10. Clifford Davis (D)

Texas

• 1. Wright Patman (D)
• 2. Martin Dies, Jr. (D)
• 3. Lindley Beckworth (D)
• 4. Sam Rayburn (D)
• 5. Hatton W. Sumners (D)
• 6. Luther A. Johnson (D)
• 7. Nat Patton (D)
• 8. Albert Thomas (D)
• 9. Joseph J. Mansfield (D)
• 10. Lyndon B. Johnson (D)
• 11. William R. Poage (D)
• 12. Fritz G. Lanham (D)
• 13. Ed Gossett (D)
• 14. Richard M. Kleberg (D)
• 15. Milton H. West (D)
• 16. R. Ewing Thomason (D)
• 17. Sam M. Russell (D)
• 18. Eugene Worley (D)
• 19. George H. Mahon (D)
• 20. Paul J. Kilday (D)
• 21. O. Clark Fisher (D)

Utah

• 1. Walter K. Granger (D)
• 2. J. W. Robinson (D)

Vermont

• At-large. Charles A. Plumley (R)

Virginia

• 1. S. Otis Bland (D)
• 2. Winder R. Harris (D), until September 15, 1944
  • Ralph Hunter Daughton (D), from November 7, 1944
• 3. Dave E. Satterfield, Jr. (D)
• 4. Patrick H. Drewry (D)
• 5. Thomas G. Burch (D)
• 6. Clifton A. Woodrum (D)
• 7. A. Willis Robertson (D)
• 8. Howard W. Smith (D)
• 9. John W. Flannagan, Jr. (D)

Washington

• 1. Warren Magnuson (D), until December 14, 1944
• 2. Henry M. Jackson (D)
• 3. Fred B. Norman (R)
• 4. Hal Holmes (R)
• 5. Walt Horan (R)
• 6. John M. Coffee (D)

West Virginia

• 1. A. C. Schiffler (R)
• 2. Jennings Randolph (D)
• 3. Edward G. Rohrbough (R)
• 4. Hubert S. Ellis (R)
• 5. John Kee (D)
• 6. Joe L. Smith (D)

Wisconsin

• 1. Lawrence H. Smith (R)
• 2. Harry Sauthoff (Progressive)
• 3. William H. Stevenson (R)
• 4. Thaddeus Wasielewski (D)
• 5. Howard J. McMurray (D)
• 6. Frank B. Keefe (R)
• 7. Reid F. Murray (R)
• 8. LaVern R. Dilweg (D)
• 9. Merlin Hull (Progressive)
• 10. Alvin E. O'Konski (R)

Wyoming

• At-large. Frank A. Barrett (R)

Non-voting members

• Alaska Territory. Anthony J. Dimond (D)
• Hawaii Territory. Joseph Rider Farrington (R)
• Philippines. Joaquin Miguel Elizalde (Ind.), until August 9, 1944
  • Carlos Peña Romulo (Lib.), from August 10, 1944
• Puerto Rico. Bolívar Pagán (Socialist)

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+% to 100% Democratic	80+% to 100% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic	60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

|- | New Jersey (1) | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | William Warren Barbour (R) | Died November 22, 1943.
Successor was appointed until an election. | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Arthur Walsh (D) | November 26, 1943

|- | Indiana (3) | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Frederick Van Nuys (D) | Died January 25, 1944.
Successor was appointed until an election. | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Samuel D. Jackson (D) | January 28, 1944

|- | Massachusetts (2) | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (R) | Resigned February 3, 1944, to go on active duty in the US Army.
Success was appointed until a special election. | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Sinclair Weeks (R) | February 8, 1944

|- | Oregon (2) | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Charles L. McNary (R) | Died February 25, 1944.
Successor was appointed and subsequently won special election | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Guy Cordon (R) | March 4, 1944

|- | Washington (3) | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Homer Bone (D) | Resigned November 13, 1944, to become Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit.
Successor was appointed to finish the term, having just been elected to the next term. | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Warren Magnuson (D) | December 14, 1944

|- | Indiana (3) | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Samuel D. Jackson (D) | Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term.
Successor was elected. | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | William E. Jenner (R) | November 7, 1944

|- | South Carolina (3) | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Ellison Durant Smith (D) | Died November 17, 1944. | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Wilton E. Hall (D) | November 20, 1944

|- | New Jersey (1) | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Arthur Walsh (D) | Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term.
Successor was elected. | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | H. Alexander Smith (R) | December 7, 1944

|- | Massachusetts (2) | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap | Sinclair Weeks (R) | Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term.
Successor was elected.
Successor chose not to take the seat until the next Congress, but was nevertheless duly elected and qualified. | Leverett Saltonstall (R) | January 4, 1945

|}

House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

|- | Missouri 6th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Philip A. Bennett died in previous Congress | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Marion T. Bennett (R) | January 12, 1943 |- | California 2nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Harry L. Englebright (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 13, 1943 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Clair Engle (D) | August 31, 1943 |- | Kansas 2nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Ulysses S. Guyer (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 5, 1943 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Errett P. Scrivner (R) | September 14, 1943 |- | Oklahoma 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John C. Nichols (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 3, 1943, to become vice-president of Transcontinental and Western Air. | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | William G. Stigler (D) | March 28, 1944 |- | New York 32nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Francis D. Culkin (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 4, 1943 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Hadwen C. Fuller (R) | November 2, 1943 |- | Pennsylvania 23rd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | James E. Van Zandt (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 24, 1943, after being called to active duty in the US Armed Forces. | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | D. Emmert Brumbaugh (R) | November 2, 1943 |- | Kentucky 4th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Edward W. Creal (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 13, 1943 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Chester O. Carrier (R) | November 30, 1943 |- | Pennsylvania 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James P. McGranery (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 17, 1943, after being appointed an Assistant Attorney General | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (R) | January 18, 1944 |- | Pennsylvania 17th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | J. William Ditter (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 21, 1943 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Alabama 3rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Henry B. Steagall (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 22, 1943 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | George W. Andrews (D) | March 14, 1944 |- | Colorado 1st | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Lawrence Lewis (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 9, 1943 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Dean M. Gillespie (R) | March 7, 1944 |- | New York 21st | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Joseph A. Gavagan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 30, 1943, after being elected a justice of the New York Supreme Court | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James H. Torrens (D) | February 29, 1944 |- | Illinois 19th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | William H. Wheat (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 16, 1944 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Rolla C. McMillen (R) | June 13, 1944 |- | Illinois 7th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Leonard W. Schuetz (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 13, 1944 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | New York 4th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas H. Cullen (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 1, 1944 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John J. Rooney (D) | June 6, 1944 |- | New York 11th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James A. O'Leary (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 16, 1944 | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | Ellsworth B. Buck (R) | June 6, 1944 |- | Louisiana 3rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James Domengeaux (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 15, 1944, to join US Armed Forces | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | James Domengeaux (D) | Re-elected to fill his own vacancy November 7, 1944 |- | California 16th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Will Rogers, Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 23, 1944, to enter the US Army | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Philippines At-large | Joaquín Miguel Elizalde | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 9, 1944, to become a member of the war cabinet of President Manuel L. Quezon | Carlos P. Romulo | August 10, 1944 |- | Virginia 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Winder R. Harris (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 15, 1944 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Ralph Hunter Daughton (D) | November 7, 1944 |- | Florida 3rd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert L. F. Sikes (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 19, 1944, to enter the U.S. Army | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | South Carolina 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Hampton P. Fulmer (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 19, 1944 | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Willa L. Fulmer (D) | November 7, 1944 |- | Florida At-large | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert A. Green (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 25, 1944, to enter the United States Navy | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Tennessee 4th | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Albert Gore, Sr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 4, 1944, to enter the United States Army | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Rhode Island 2nd | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | John E. Fogarty (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 7, 1944, to enter the United States Navy | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Washington 1st | style="background-color:#B0CEFF" | Warren Magnuson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 14, 1944, when appointed U.S. Senator | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Pennsylvania At-large | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | William I. Troutman (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 2, 1945 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

• Agriculture and Forestry
• Appropriations
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
• Banking and Currency
• Campaign Expenditures Investigation, 1944 (Special)
• Centralization of Heavy Industry in the United States (Select)
• Civil Service
• Civil Service Laws (Special)
• Claims
• Commerce
• District of Columbia
• Education and Labor
  • Wartime Health and Education
• Enrolled Bills
• Expenditures in Executive Departments
• Finance
• Foreign Relations
• Fuel Situation in the Middle West (Special)
• Gasoline and Fuel Oil Shortages (Special)
• Immigration
• Immigration and Naturalization
• Indian Affairs
• Interoceanic Canals
• Interstate Commerce
• Investigate the National Defense Program (Special)
• Judiciary
• Library
• Manufactures
• Military Affairs
• Mines and Mining
• Naval Affairs
• Patents
• Pensions
• Petroleum Resources (Special)
• Post Office and Post Roads
• Post-War Economic Policy and Planning (Special)
• Printing
• Privileges and Elections
• Public Buildings and Grounds
• Public Lands and Surveys
• Rules
• Senatorial Campaign Expenditures (Special)
• Small Business Enterprises (Special)
• Territories and Insular Affairs
• Whole
• Wildlife Resources (Special)
• Wool Production (Special)

House of Representatives

• Accounts
• Agriculture
• Appropriations
• Banking and Currency
• Census
• Civil Service
• Claims
• Coinage, Weights and Measures
• Disposition of Executive Papers
• District of Columbia
• Education
• Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress
• Elections
• Enrolled Bills
• Expenditures in the Executive Departments
• Flood Control
• Foreign Affairs
• Immigration and Naturalization
• Indian Affairs
• Insular Affairs
• Interstate and Foreign Commerce
• Invalid Pensions
• Irrigation and Reclamation
• Labor
• Memorials
• Merchant Marine and Fisheries
• Military Affairs
• Mines and Mining
• Naval Affairs
• Patents
• Pensions
• Post Office and Post Roads
• Public Buildings and Grounds
• Public Lands
• Revision of Laws
• Rivers and Harbors
• Roads
• Rules
• Small Business (Select)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories
• War Claims
• Ways and Means
• Whole

Joint committees

• Commemorate the Centennial of the Telegraph
• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
• The Library
• Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures
• Organization of Congress
• Selective Service Deferments
• Taxation

Caucuses

• Democratic (House)
• Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

• Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver
• Comptroller General of the United States: Lindsay C. Warren
• Librarian of Congress: Archibald MacLeish (until 1944)
• Public Printer of the United States: Augustus E. Giegengack

Senate

• Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris (Methodist)
• Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins
• Secretary: Edwin A. Halsey
• Sergeant at Arms: Wall Doxey

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: James Shera Montgomery (Methodist)
• Clerk: South Trimble
• Doorkeeper: Ralph R. Roberts
• Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler
• Reading Clerks: N/A (R) and N/A (D)
• Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth Romney

See also

• United States elections, 1942 (elections leading to this Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 1942
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1942
• United States elections, 1944 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • 1944 United States presidential election
  • United States Senate elections, 1944
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1944

References

• House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 78th Congress (PDF).
• Official Congressional Directory for the 78th Congress, 1st Session.
• Official Congressional Directory for the 78th Congress, 2nd Session.
• Official Congressional Directory for the 78th Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision).
• Official Congressional Directory for the 78th Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision).