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84th United States Congress

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84th United States Congress
83rd ←
→ 85th
(1956)
January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
Members96 senators
435 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentRichard Nixon (R)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerSam Rayburn (D)
Sessions
1st: January 5, 1955 – August 2, 1955
2nd: January 3, 1956 – July 27, 1956

The Eighty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1955 to January 3, 1957, during the third and fourth years of Dwight Eisenhower's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950. Both chambers had a Democratic majority. It is the earliest Congress with a surviving member, former Michigan Representative John Dingell. Members of the first eighty-three Congresses are all deceased.

Major events

Main articles: 1955 in the United States, 1956 in the United States, and 1957 in the United States

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation, 1901–2001 § 84th United States Congress

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Independent
(I)		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 47 1 48 96 0
Begin 48 1 47 96 0
End 47 0 49
Final voting share 49.0% 0.0% 51.0%
Beginning of next congress 49 0 46 95 1

House of Representatives

TOTAL: 435

Leadership

Senate

Senate President
Richard Nixon (R)
Senate President pro tempore
Walter F. George (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Speaker of the House
Sam Rayburn (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state.

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1958; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1960; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1956.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate |- | Oregon
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#DCDCDC" | Wayne Morse (I) | style="front-size:80%" | Changed Political Parties April 30, 1955 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Wayne Morse (D) | April 30, 1955 |- | West Virginia
(1) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Harley M. Kilgore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 28, 1956 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | William R. Laird, III (D) | March 13, 1956 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Strom Thurmond (ID) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 4, 1956 to trigger a contested primary as promised to voters | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Wofford (D) | April 5, 1956 |- | Kentucky
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alben W. Barkley (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 30, 1956 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert Humphreys (D) | June 21, 1956 |- | Kentucky
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert Humphreys (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 6, 1956 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | John S. Cooper (R) | November 7, 1956 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Wofford (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 6, 1956 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Strom Thurmond (D) | November 7, 1956 |- | West Virginia
(1) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | William R. Laird, III (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 6, 1956 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | W. Chapman Revercomb (R) | November 7, 1956 |}

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 5
  • Deaths: 9
  • Resignations: 3
  • Total seats with changes: 12


See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep |- | Florida 6th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Dwight L. Rogers died during previous congress | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Paul Rogers (D) | January 4, 1955 |- | Michigan 15th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| John D. Dingell, Sr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 19, 1955 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | John Dingell (D) | December 13, 1955 |- | Pennsylvania 30th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Vera Buchanan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 26, 1955 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Elmer J. Holland (D) | January 24, 1956 |- | New York 22nd | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Sidney A. Fine (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 2, 1956 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | James C. Healey (D) | February 7, 1956 |- | Illinois 14th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Chauncey W. Reed (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 9, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Pennsylvania 2nd | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| William T. Granahan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 25, 1956 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Kathryn E. Granahan (D) | November 6, 1956 |- | California 20th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| J. Carl Hinshaw (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 5, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Tennessee 5th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Percy Priest (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 12, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New Mexico At-large | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Antonio M. Fernández (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 7, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New Jersey 2nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| T. Millet Hand (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 26, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New York 19th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Arthur G. Klein (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1956 after being elected to the New York Supreme Court | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New York 20th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Irwin D. Davidson (DL) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees and legislative agency directors

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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