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Coleman County, Texas

Coordinates: 31°46′N 99°27′W / 31.77°N 99.45°W / 31.77; -99.45
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Coleman County
County
The Coleman County Courthouse in Coleman
The Coleman County Courthouse in Coleman
Map of Texas highlighting Coleman County
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 31°46′N 99°27′W / 31.77°N 99.45°W / 31.77; -99.45
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1864
Named forRobert M. Coleman
SeatColeman
Largest cityColeman
Area
 • Total1,281 sq mi (3,320 km2)
 • Land1,262 sq mi (3,270 km2)
 • Water19 sq mi (50 km2)  1.5%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total8,895
 • Density7.0/sq mi (2.7/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district11th
Websitewww.co.coleman.tx.us

Coleman County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 8,895.[1] The county seat is Coleman.[2] The county was founded in 1858 and organized in 1864.[3] It is named for Robert M. Coleman, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence and soldier at the Battle of San Jacinto.

History

Around 10,000 BC, indigenous peoples of the Americas were the first inhabitants. Later inhabitants included the Jumano, Lipan Apache, and Comanche.[4]

In 1632, Father Salas led an expedition to the upper Colorado River.[4] In 1650, Captains Hernán Martín and Diego del Castillo explored the western portion of the county to the Concho River, and returned with pearls.[4] Diego de Guadalajara followed the same path as Martín and Castillo in 1654.[4] From 1683–84, Juan Domínguez de Mendoza established a short-lived Quicuchabe mission.[5]

In 1855, the county's oldest community, Trickham, was founded as a trading post for the ranching activities of John Chisum.[6] Coleman County was formed from Brown and Travis Counties in 1858. The county is named for Robert M. Coleman, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence.[4]

1861 Rich Coffey settles the communities of Leaday and Voss.[7]

In 1876, the site was chosen for Coleman, the county seat.[8]

The community of Santa Anna was established in 1879. It is named after the Santa Anna Mountains, which in turn, are named after Comanche Chief Santana.[9]

In 1886 the Santa Fe Railway completed a spur to Coleman from nearby Coleman (now San Angelo[10]) Junction.[11]

In 1908, the first oil well came in near Trickham.[12]

In 1914 the Santa Fe completed the Coleman Cutoff between Coleman, Lubbock, and Clovis.[13] This linked its California lines with the Texas Gulf Coast and put Coleman on the road's main line. Coleman's distinctive[14] brick-and-stucco Santa Fe depot was completed in 1915.

Oil was discovered north of Coleman on the J. P. Morris ranch in 1917.[4]

The Coleman County Medical Center opened in 1923.[4]

By 1925, tenant farmers comprised 63% of local agriculture.[4]

In 1930, the Coleman County population peaked at 23,669.[4]

The Coleman County oilfields produce over a million barrels in 1948.[4]

In 2000, Wind Clean Corporation, harnessing energy from wind power, was founded.[4]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,281 square miles (3,320 km2), of which 1,262 square miles (3,270 km2) is land and 19 square miles (49 km2) (1.5%) is covered by water.[15]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870347—
18803,603938.3%
18906,11269.6%
190010,07764.9%
191022,618124.5%
192018,805−16.9%
193023,66925.9%
194020,571−13.1%
195015,503−24.6%
196012,458−19.6%
197010,288−17.4%
198010,4391.5%
19909,710−7.0%
20009,235−4.9%
20108,895−3.7%
2019 (est.)8,175[16]−8.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[17]
1850–2010[18] 2010–2014[1]

As of the census[19] of 2000, 9,235 people, 3,889 households, and 2,609 families resided in the county. The population density was 7 people per square mile (3/km²). The 5,248 housing units averaged 4 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 88.53% White, 2.19% African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 6.53% from other races, and 1.91% from two or more races. About 14% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 3,889 households, 27.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.80% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.90% were not families; 30.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33, and the average family size was 2.88.

In the county, the population was distributed as 23.60% under the age of 18, 6.60% from 18 to 24, 22.70% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 23.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $25,658, and for a family was $31,168. Males had a median income of $25,993 versus $17,378 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,911. About 15.50% of families and 19.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.40% of those under age 18 and 14.90% of those age 65 or over.

Education

These school districts serve Coleman County:

Communities

Cities

Town

Unincorporated communities

Politics

Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[20]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 87.2% 3,177 10.7% 388 2.1% 78
2012 86.3% 3,012 12.7% 442 1.1% 38
2008 81.3% 3,011 17.4% 643 1.3% 48
2004 79.3% 3,035 20.3% 778 0.3% 13
2000 75.1% 2,687 23.8% 853 1.1% 38
1996 49.2% 1,793 40.8% 1,488 10.0% 364
1992 35.3% 1,462 38.2% 1,579 26.5% 1,097
1988 54.2% 2,340 45.8% 1,978 0.1% 3
1984 66.2% 2,790 33.7% 1,420 0.2% 7
1980 55.8% 2,228 43.0% 1,719 1.2% 47
1976 42.2% 1,669 57.2% 2,264 0.6% 22
1972 76.7% 2,386 23.2% 721 0.2% 5
1968 36.7% 1,507 35.3% 1,449 28.1% 1,153
1964 34.9% 1,434 65.0% 2,670 0.0% 1
1960 53.5% 2,127 46.1% 1,835 0.4% 15
1956 58.5% 2,247 41.1% 1,577 0.4% 17
1952 58.2% 2,555 41.6% 1,824 0.2% 8
1948 15.9% 545 78.6% 2,695 5.5% 189
1944 13.4% 498 77.9% 2,887 8.6% 319
1940 12.2% 454 87.5% 3,257 0.3% 12
1936 8.5% 269 91.3% 2,900 0.3% 8
1932 7.5% 235 92.1% 2,881 0.4% 12
1928 53.0% 1,645 47.0% 1,459
1924 15.0% 502 82.7% 2,763 2.3% 76
1920 16.0% 355 65.3% 1,445 18.7% 414
1916 4.9% 96 85.9% 1,700 9.3% 184
1912 3.7% 52 91.6% 1,280 4.7% 66

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. ^ "Texas: Individual County Chronologies". Texas Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2008. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Tate, Rusty. "Coleman County". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
  5. ^ Hundell, Ken and Sharon (2005). Spirits of the Border V: The History and Mystery of the Lone Star State. Omega Press. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-9626087-9-7.
  6. ^ "Trickham, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
  7. ^ Lucko, Paul M. "Richard Coffey". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
  8. ^ "Coleman, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
  9. ^ "Santa Anna, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
  10. ^ "Coleman Junction". texassantafehistory.com.
  11. ^ Hunt, William R. "Coleman, Texas". tshaonline.org.
  12. ^ Warner, C A; Thompson, Ernest O (2007). Texas Oil & Gas Since 1543. Copano Bay Press. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-9767799-5-7.
  13. ^ Blaszak, Michael W. "ATSF Internet Research Center - Santa Fe: A Chronology". atsfirc.qstation.org.
  14. ^ "Santa Fe Surviving Depots, Osage City, KS and Coleman, TX". atsfrailfan.net.
  15. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
  16. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  17. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
  18. ^ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
  19. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  20. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-07-20.

31°46′N 99°27′W / 31.77°N 99.45°W / 31.77; -99.45

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