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Itbayat language

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Itbayat
Ibatan
Itbayaten
Native toPhilippines
RegionItbayat Island
EthnicityIvatan people
Yami people
Native speakers
(3,500 cited 1996 census)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Glottologitba1237
Itbayat and the other Batanic languages

The Itbayat language or Itbayaten (also known generically as Ibatan) is an Austronesian language, in the Batanic group, spoken on Itbayat Island in the Batanes Islands, Philippines.

Phonology

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Vowels

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/a, ɜ, i, o/

Vowels are contrasted between long and short vowels, for example as seen in the words tokod ('support') and tookod ('a kind of yam').[2]

Consonants

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Itbayat consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate
voiceless p t t͡ʃ k ʔ
voiced b d d͡ʒ ɡ
Fricative voiceless (f) s h
voiced v ɣ ʁ
Approximant l j w
Trill r
  • /f/ is only used in loanwords but tends to become /p/.[2]

Grammar

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Pronouns

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The following set of pronouns is found in the Itbayat language.[2]

Itbayat pronouns
Nominative Genitive Locative
free bound free bound
1st
person
singular yaken ako ñaken ko jaken
dual ta
plural inclusive yaten ta ñaten ta jaten
exclusive yamen kami ñamen namen jamen
2nd
person
singular imo ka nimo mo dimo
plural imiyo kamo nimiyo miyo dimiyo
3rd
person
singular niya/ña na dira
plural sira sira nira da dira

References

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  1. ^ Ivatan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ a b c Yamada, Yukihiro (2002). Itbayat–English Dictionary (PDF). ELPR Publications Series A3-006. hdl:10108/75457.

Further reading

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  • Yamada, Yukihiro (2014). A Grammar of the Itbayat Language of the Philippines. Himeji, Japan.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)