List of state leaders in 1971
Appearance
See also |
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This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1971.
Africa
- Algeria
- Head of State - Houari Boumediene, President of the Revolutionary Council of Algeria (1965–1978)
- Angola (overseas province of Portugal)
- High Commissioner and Governor-General - Camilo Augusto de Miranda Rebocho Vaz, High Commissioner and Governor-General of Angola (1966–1972)
- Botswana
- President - Sir Seretse Khama, President of Botswana (1966–1980)
- Burundi
- President - Michel Micombero, President of Burundi (1966–1976)
- Cameroon
- President - Ahmadou Ahidjo, President of Cameroon (1960–1982)
- Prime Ministers -
- East Cameroon - Simon Pierre Tchoungui, Prime Minister of East Cameroon (1965–1972)
- West Cameroon - Salomon Tandeng Muna, Prime Minister of West Cameroon (1968–1972)
- Cape Verde Islands (overseas province of Portugal)
- Governor - Antonio Lopes dos Santos, Governor of the Cape Verde Islands (1969–1974)
- Central African Republic
- President - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (1966–1979)[1]
- Chad
- President - François Tombalbaye, President of Chad (1960–1975)
- Prime Minister - François Tombalbaye, Prime Minister of Chad (1959–1975)[2]
- Comoros (overseas territory of France)
- High Commissioner - Jacques Mouradian, High Commissioner of the Comoros (1969–1975)
- Head of Government - Said Ibrahim Ben Ali, President of the Government Council of the Comoros (1970–1972)
- Congo–Brazzaville (People's Republic of the Congo)
- Head of State - Marien Ngouabi, Head of State of the People's Republic of the Congo (1969–1977)
- Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
- see under Zaire
- Dahomey
- Head of State - Hubert Maga, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Dahomey (1970–1972)
- Egypt
- changed name from United Arab Republic to Arab Republic of Egypt on 11 September 1971
- President - Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt (1970–1981)
- Prime Minister - Mahmoud Fawzi, Prime Minister of Egypt (1970–1972)
- Equatorial Guinea
- President - Francisco Macías Nguema, President of Equatorial Guinea (1968–1979)
- Ethiopia
- Monarch - Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)[3]
- Prime Minister - Aklilu Habte-Wold, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1961–1974)
- French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner -
- Prime Minister - Ali Aref Bourhan, President of the Government Council of the French Territory of the Afars and Issas (1967–1976)
- Gabon
- President - Albert-Bernard Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
- The Gambia
- President - Sir Dawda Jawara, President of The Gambia (1970–1994)
- Ghana
- President - Edward Akufo-Addo, President of Ghana (1970–1972)
- Prime Minister - Kofi Abrefa Busia, Prime Minister of Ghana (1969–1972)
- Guinea
- President - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (1958–1984)
- Ivory Coast
- President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Ivory Coast (1960–1993)
- Kenya
- President - Jomo Kenyatta, President of Kenya (1964–1978)
- Lesotho
- Monarch - Moshoeshoe II, King of Lesotho (1970–1990)
- Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965–1986)[4]
- Liberia
- President -
- William Tubman, President of Liberia (1944–1971)
- William R. Tolbert, Jr., President of Liberia (1971–1980)
- President -
- Libya
- De facto Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
- Nominal Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Libya (1969–1979)
- Prime Minister - Muammar Gaddafi, Prime Minister of Libya (1970–1972)
- Malagasy Republic
- President - Philibert Tsiranana, President of the Malagasy Republic (1959–1972)[5]
- Malawi
- President - Hastings Banda, President for Life of Malawi (1966–1994)
- Mali
- Head of State - Moussa Traoré, Head of State of Mali (1968–1991)
- Mauritania
- President - Moktar Ould Daddah, President of Mauritania (1960–1978)
- Mauritius
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Mauritius (1968–1992)
- Governor-General - Sir Leonard Williams, Governor-General of Mauritius (1968–1972)
- Prime Minister - Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1961–1982)[6]
- Morocco
- Monarch - Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961–1999)
- Prime Minister -
- Ahmed Laraki, Prime Minister of Morocco (1969–1971)
- Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Prime Minister of Morocco (1971–1972)
- Mozambique (overseas province of Portugal)
- High Commissioner and Governor-General - Eduardo Arantes e Oliveira, High Commissioner and Governor-General of Mozambique (1970–1972)
- Niger
- President - Hamani Diori, President of Niger (1960–1974)
- Nigeria
- Head of State - Yakubu Gowon, Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria (1966–1975)
- Portuguese Guinea (overseas province of Portugal)
- Governor - António de Spínola, Governor of Portuguese Guinea (1968–1973)
- Rhodesia (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
- President - Clifford Dupont, President of Rhodesia (1965–1975)[7]
- Prime Minister - Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (1965–1979)
- Rwanda
- President - Grégoire Kayibanda, President of Rwanda (1961–1973)[8]
- Saint Helena and Dependencies (British crown colony)
- Governor -
- Sir Dermod Murphy, Governor of Saint Helena (1969–1971)
- Sir Thomas Oates, Governor of Saint Helena (1971–1976)
- Governor -
- São Tomé and Príncipe (overseas province of Portugal)
- High Commissioner - António Jorge da Silva Sebastião, High Commissioner of São Tomé and Príncipe (1963–1972)
- Senegal
- President - Léopold Sédar Senghor, President of Senegal (1960–1980)
- Prime Minister - Abdou Diouf, Prime Minister of Senegal (1970–1980)
- Seychelles (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Bruce Greatbatch, Governor of the Seychelles (1969–1973)
- Chief Minister - James Mancham, Chief Minister of the Seychelles (1970–1976)
- Sierra Leone
- Sierra Leone was superseded by the Republic of Sierra Leone on 19 April 1971
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Sierra Leone (1961–1971)
- Governor-General -
- Sir Banja Tejan-Sie, Governor-General of Sierra Leone (1968–1971)
- Christopher Okoro Cole, Interim Governor-General of Sierra Leone (1971)
- President -
- Christopher Okoro Cole, President of Sierra Leone (1971)
- Siaka Stevens, President of Sierra Leone (1971–1985)
- Prime Minister -
- Siaka Stevens, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1968–1971)
- Sorie Ibrahim Koroma, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1971–1975)
- Somalia
- President - Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969–1991)
- South Africa
- President - Jacobus Johannes Fouché, State President of South Africa (1968–1975)
- Prime Minister - B. J. Vorster, Prime Minister of South Africa (1966–1978)
- South West Africa (League of Nations mandate administered by South Africa)
- Administrator -
- Spanish Sahara (Spanish overseas province)
- Governor-General -
- Sudan
- Head of State - Gaafar Nimeiry, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Sudan (1969–1985)
- Prime Minister - Gaafar Nimeiry, Prime minister of Sudan (1969–1976)
- Swaziland
- Monarch - Sobhuza II, King of Swaziland (1921–1982)[9]
- Prime Minister - Prince Makhosini Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1967–1976)[10]
- Tanzania
- President - Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (1962–1985)[11]
- Togo
- President - Étienne Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967–2005)
- Tunisia
- President - Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia (1957–1987)
- Prime Minister - Hedi Amara Nouira, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1970–1980)
- Uganda
- President -
- Milton Obote, President of Uganda (1966–1971)
- Idi Amin, President of Uganda (1971–1979)
- President -
- Upper Volta
- President - Sangoulé Lamizana, President of Upper Volta (1966–1980)
- Prime Minister - Gérard Kango Ouedraogo, Prime Minister of Upper Volta (1971–1974)
- Zaire
- the Democratic Republic of the Congo changed name to Zaire on 27 October 1971
- President - Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, President of Zaire (1965–1994)
- Zambia
- President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964–1991)
Asia
- Afghanistan
- Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
- Prime Minister -
- Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1967–1971)
- Abdul Zahir, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1971–1972)
- Bahrain
- gained independence on 16 August 1971
- Chief Political Resident - Sir Geoffrey Arthur, Chief political resident of the Persian Gulf (1970–1971)
- Political agent - Alexander John Stirling, British political agent (1969–1971)
- Monarch - Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain[12] (1961–1999)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–present)
- Bangladesh
- East Pakistan proclaimed independence on 26 March 1971
- Governor -
- Syed Mohammad Ahsan, Governor of East Pakistan (1969–1971)
- Tikka Khan, Martial law administratorof East Pakistan (1971)
- Abdul Motaleb Malik, Governor of East Pakistan (1971)
- Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi, Governor of East Pakistan (1971)
- President -
- Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, President of Bangladesh[13] (1971–1972)
- Syed Nazrul Islam, Acting President of Bangladesh (1971–1972)
- Prime Minister - Tajuddin Ahmad, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1971–1972)
- Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1952–1972)
- Brunei (British protected state)
- High Commissioner - Arthur Robin Adair, British High Commissioner in Brunei (1968–1972)
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
- Chief Minister - Dato Pengiran Muhammad Yusuf bin Abdul Rahim, Chief Minister of Brunei (1967–1972)
- Burma
- President - Ne Win, President of Burma (1962–1981)
- Prime Minister - Ne Win, Prime Minister of Burma (1962–1974)
- Ceylon
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Ceylon (1952–1972)
- Governor-General - William Gopallawa, Governor-General of Ceylon (1962–1978)[14]
- Prime Minister - Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1970–1977)
- China (People's Republic of China)
- Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1935–1976)
- De facto Co-Heads of State -
- Soong Ching-ling, Acting Chairman of China (1968–1972)
- Dong Biwu, Acting Chairman of China (1968–1975)
- Premier - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the State Council of China (1949–1976)
- Hong Kong (British crown colony)
- Governor -
- Sir David Trench, Governor of Hong Kong (1964–1971)
- Sir Hugh Norman-Walker, Acting Governor of Hong Kong (1971)
- Sir Murray MacLehose, Governor of Hong Kong (1971–1982)
- Governor -
- India -
- President - V. V. Giri, President of India (1969–1974)
- Prime Minister - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (1966–1977)
- Sikkim (Indian protectorate)
- Monarch - Palden Thondup Namgyal, Chogyal of Sikkim (1963–1975)
- Prime Minister - Inder Sen Chopra, Chief Administrative Officer of Sikkim (1969–1972)
- Indonesia
- President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998)
- Iran
- Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941–1979)
- Prime Minister - Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Prime Minister of Iran (1965–1977)
- Iraq
- President - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, President of Iraq (1968–1979)
- Prime Minister - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, Prime Minister of Iraq (1968–1979)
- Israel
- President - Zalman Shazar, President of Israel (1963–1973)
- Prime Minister - Golda Meir, Prime Minister of Israel (1969–1974)
- Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
- Prime Minister - Eisaku Satō, Prime Minister of Japan (1964–1972)
- Jordan
- Monarch - Hussein, King of Jordan (1952–1999)
- Prime Minister -
- Wasfi al-Tal, Prime Minister of Jordan (1970–1971)
- Ahmad Lozi, Prime Minister of Jordan (1971–1973)
- Khmer Republic
- Head of State - Cheng Heng, Head of State of the Khmer Republic (1970–1972)
- Prime Minister - Lon Nol, Prime Minister of the Khmer Republic (1969–1972)
- North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Korean Workers' Party (1949–1994)
- Head of State - Choi Yong-kun, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1957–1972)
- Prime Minister - Kim Il-sung, Prime Minister of the Cabinet of North Korea (1946–1972)[15]
- South Korea (Republic of Korea)
- President - Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea (1962–1979)
- Prime Minister -
- Baek Du-jin, Prime Minister of South Korea (1970–1971)
- Kim Jong-pil, Prime Minister of South Korea (1971–1975)
- Kuwait
- Monarch - Sheikh Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1965–1977)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1965–1978)
- Laos
- Monarch - Savang Vatthana, King of Laos (1959–1975)
- Prime Minister - Prince Souvanna Phouma, Prime Minister of Laos (1962–1975)
- Lebanon
- President - Suleiman Frangieh, President of Lebanon (1970–1976)
- Prime Minister - Saeb Salam, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (1970–1973)
- Macau (overseas province of Portugal)
- Governor - José Manuel de Sousa e Faro Nobre de Carvalho, Governor of Macau (1966–1974)
- Malaysia
- Monarch - Tuanku Abdul Halim, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (1970–1975)
- Prime Minister - Abdul Razak Hussein, Prime Minister of Malaysia (1970–1976)
- Maldives
- President - Ibrahim Nasir, President of the Maldives (1968–1978)
- Mongolia
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1958–1984)
- Head of State - Jamsrangiin Sambuu, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia (1954–1972)
- Premier - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1952–1974)
- Nepal
- Monarch - Mahendra, King of Nepal (1955–1972)
- Prime Minister -
- Mahendra, Prime Minister of Nepal (1970–1971)
- Kirti Nidhi Bista, Prime Minister of Nepal (1971–1973)
- Oman
- Monarch - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
- Prime Minister - Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1970–1972)
- Pakistan
- President -
- Yahya Khan, President of Pakistan (1969–1971)
- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, President of Pakistan (1971–1973)
- Prime Minister - Nurul Amin, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1971)
- President -
- Philippines
- President - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (1965–1986)
- Portuguese Timor (overseas province of Portugal)
- Governor - José Nogueira Valente Pires, Governor of Portuguese Timor (1968–1972)
- Qatar
- gained independence on 3 September 1971
- Political agent - Edward Henderson, British political agent (1969–1971)[16]
- Monarch - Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1960–1972)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1970–1995)
- Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia (1964–1975)
- Prime Minister - Faisal, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1962–1975)
- Singapore
- President -
- Yusof bin Ishak, President of Singapore (1959–1971)[17]
- Benjamin Sheares, President of Singapore (1971–1981)
- Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959–1990)[18]
- President -
- Syria
- Head of State -
- Ahmad al-Khatib, Head of State of Syria (1970–1971)
- Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (1971–2000)
- Prime Minister -
- Hafez al-Assad, Prime Minister of Syria (1970–1971)
- Abdul Rahman Kleifawi, Prime Minister of Syria (1971–1972)
- Head of State -
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President - Chiang Kai-shek, President of Taiwan (1950–1975)
- Premier - Yen Chia-kan, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (1963–1972)
- Thailand -
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–2016)
- Prime Minister - Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (1963–1973)
- Turkey
- President - Cevdet Sunay, President of Turkey (1966–1973)
- Prime Minister -
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime Minister of Turkey (1965–1971)
- Nihat Erim, Prime Minister of Turkey (1971–1972)
- United Arab Emirates
- the Trucial States gained independence on 2 December 1971
- Political agent - Julian Walker, British political agent (1971)[19]
- President - Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1971–2004)
- Prime Minister - Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1971–1979)
- North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam)
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1960–1986)
- President - Tôn Đức Thắng, President of North Vietnam (1969–1980)[20]
- Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1955–1987)[21]
- South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam)
- President - Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Vietnam (1965–1975)
- Prime Minister - Trần Thiện Khiêm, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1969–1975)
- North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic)
- President - Abdul Rahman al-Iryani, President of North Yemen (1967–1974)
- Prime Minister -
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1970–1971)
- Abdul Salam Sabrah, Acting Prime Minister of North Yemen (1971)
- Ahmad Muhammad Numan, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1971)
- Hassan al-Amri, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1971)
- Abdul Salam Sabrah, Acting Prime Minister of North Yemen (1971)
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1971–1972)
- South Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of Yemen)
- Head of State - Salim Rubai Ali, Chairman of the Presidential Council of South Yemen (1969–1978)
- Prime Minister -
- Muhammad Ali Haitham, Prime Minister of South Yemen (1969–1971)
- Ali Nasir Muhammad, Prime Minister of South Yemen (1971–1985)
Europe
- Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
- Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
- Premier - Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
- Andorra
- Monarchs -
- French Co-Prince - Georges Pompidou, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1969–1974)
- Co-Prince's Representative - Hubert Dubois (1970–1972)
- Episcopal Co-Prince -
- Ramon Malla Call, Acting Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1969–1971)
- Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971–2003)
- Co-Prince's Representative - Jaume Sansa Nequí (1937–1972)
- French Co-Prince - Georges Pompidou, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1969–1974)
- First Syndic - Francesc Escudé Ferrero, First Syndic of Andorra (1966–1972)
- Monarchs -
- Austria
- President - Franz Jonas, Federal President of Austria (1965–1974)
- Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1970–1983)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
- Prime Minister - Gaston Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1968–1973)
- Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954–1989)
- Head of State -
- Premier -
- Cyprus
- President - Archbishop Makarios III, President of Cyprus (1960–1974)
- Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák, General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1969–1987)
- President - Ludvík Svoboda, President of Czechoslovakia (1968–1975)
- Prime Minister - Lubomír Štrougal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970–1988)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Frederick IX, King of Denmark (1947–1972)
- Prime Minister -
- Hilmar Baunsgaard, Prime Minister of Denmark (1968–1971)
- Jens Otto Krag, Prime Minister of Denmark (1971–1972)
- Finland
- President - Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (1956–1981)
- Prime Minister -
- Ahti Karjalainen, Prime Minister of Finland (1970–1971)
- Teuvo Aura, Prime Minister of Finland (1971–1972)
- France
- President - Georges Pompidou, President of France (1969–1974)
- Prime Minister - Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Prime Minister of France (1969–1973)
- East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Communist Party Leader -
- Head of State - Walter Ulbricht, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1960–1973)
- Premier - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1964–1973)
- West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
- President - Gustav Heinemann, Federal President of West Germany (1969–1974)
- Chancellor - Willy Brandt, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1969–1974)
- West Berlin (Western Allies-occupied free city)
- Governing Mayor - Klaus Schütz, Governing Mayor of Berlin (1967–1977)
- Greece
- Monarch - Constantine II, King of the Hellenes (1964–1973)[22]
- Regent - Georgios Zoitakis, Regent of Greece (1967–1972)
- Prime Minister - Georgios Papadopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (1967–1973)
- Hungary
- Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956–1988)
- Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967–1987)
- Premier - Jenő Fock, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1967–1975)
- Iceland
- President - Kristján Eldjárn, President of Iceland (1968–1980)
- Prime Minister -
- Jóhann Hafstein, Prime Minister of Iceland (1970–1971)
- Ólafur Jóhannesson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1971–1974)
- Ireland
- President - Éamon de Valera, President of Ireland (1959–1973)
- Prime Minister - Jack Lynch, Taoiseach of Ireland (1966–1973)
- Italy
- President -
- Giuseppe Saragat, President of Italy (1964–1971)
- Giovanni Leone, President of Italy (1971–1978)
- Prime Minister - Emilio Colombo, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1970–1972)
- President -
- Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
- Prime Minister - Alfred Hilbe, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1970–1974)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1954–1974)
- Malta
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Malta (1964–1974)
- Governor-General -
- Sir Maurice Henry Dorman, Governor-General of Malta (1962–1971)[23]
- Sir Anthony Mamo, Governor-General of Malta (1971–1976)[24]
- Prime Minister -
- Giorgio Borg Olivier, Prime Minister of Malta (1962–1971)[25]
- Dom Mintoff, Prime Minister of Malta (1971–1984)
- Monaco
- Monarch - Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
- Head of Government - François-Didier Gregh, Minister of State of Monaco (1969–1972)
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980)
- Netherlands (constituent country)
- Prime Minister -
- Piet de Jong, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1967–1971)
- Barend Biesheuvel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1971–1973)
- Prime Minister -
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
- see under North America
- Suriname (constituent country)
- see under South America
- Norway
- Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957–1991)
- Prime Minister -
- Per Borten, Prime Minister of Norway (1965–1971)
- Trygve Bratteli, Prime Minister of Norway (1971–1972)
- Poland
- Communist Party Leader - Edward Gierek, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1970–1980)
- Head of State - Józef Cyrankiewicz, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1970–1972)
- Premier - Piotr Jaroszewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1970–1980)
- Portugal
- President - Américo Tomás, President of Portugal (1958–1974)
- Premier - Marcello Caetano, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1968–1974)
- Romania
- Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965–1989)
- Head of State - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of the Council of State of Romania (1967–1989)
- Premier - Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1961–1974)
- San Marino
- Captains Regent
- Simone Rossini and Giuseppe Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1970–1971)
- Luigi Lonfernini and Attilio Montanari, Captains Regent of San Marino (1971)
- Federico Carattoni and Marino Vagnetti, Captains Regent of San Marino (1971–1972)
- Captains Regent
- Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)
- Head of State - Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965–1977)
- Premier - Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1964–1980)
- Spain
- Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
- Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, President of the Government of Spain (1938–1973)
- Sweden
- Monarch - Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden (1950–1973)
- Prime Minister - Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (1969–1976)
- Switzerland
- Federal Council:[26]
- Ludwig von Moos (1959–1971), Hans-Peter Tschudi (1959–1973), Roger Bonvin (1962–1973), Rudolf Gnägi (1965–1979, President), Nello Celio (1966–1973), Ernst Brugger (1969–1978), Pierre Graber (1970–1978), Kurt Furgler (1971–1986)
- Federal Council:[26]
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
- Prime Minister - Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1970–1974)
- Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Charles Mills, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1969–1974)
- Bailiff - Sir William Arnold, Bailiff of Guernsey (1959–1973)
- Jersey (British Crown dependency)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir John Davis, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1969–1974)
- Bailiff - Sir Robert Le Masurier, Bailiff of Jersey (1962–1974)
- Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
- Lieutenant Governor - Sir Peter Stallard, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (1966–1974)
- Head of Government -
- Gibraltar (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Varyl Begg, Governor of Gibraltar (1969–1973)
- Chief Minister - Robert Peliza, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1969–1972)
- Vatican City
- Monarch - Pope Paul VI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1963–1978)
- President of the Governorate - Cardinal Jean-Marie Villot, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1969–1979)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
- Secretary of State - Cardinal Jean-Marie Villot, Cardinal Secretary of State (1969–1979)
- Yugoslavia
- Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1936–1980)
- President - Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)
- Premier -
North America
- Antigua (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Wilfred Jacobs, Governor of Antigua (1967–1993)
- Premier -
- Vere Bird, Premier of Antigua (1960–1971)
- George Walter, Premier of Antigua (1971–1976)
- Bahama Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor - Francis Hovell-Thurlow-Cumming-Bruce, Baron Thurlow, Governor of the Bahama Islands (1968–1972)
- Prime Minister - Lynden Pindling, Prime Minister of the Bahama Islands (1967–1992)
- Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Arleigh Winston Scott, Governor-General of Barbados (1967–1976)
- Prime Minister - Errol Barrow, Prime Minister of Barbados (1961–1976)[27]
- Bermuda (British crown colony)
- Governor - Roland Robinson, Baron Martonmere, Governor of Bermuda (1964–1972)
- Premier -
- Sir Henry Tucker, Premier of Bermuda (1968–1971)
- Sir Edward Richards, Premier of Bermuda (1971–1975)
- British Honduras (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir John Warburton Paul, Governor of British Honduras (1966–1972)
- Premier - George Cadle Price, Premier of British Honduras (1961–1984)
- British Virgin Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor
- Chief Minister -
- Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
- Governor General - Roland Michener, Governor General of Canada (1967–1974)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada (1968–1979)
- Cayman Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor -
- Athelstan Charles Ethelwold Long, Administrator of the Cayman Islands (1968–1971)
- Kenneth Roy Crook, Governor of the Cayman Islands (1971–1974)
- Governor -
- Costa Rica
- President - José Figueres Ferrer, President of Costa Rica (1970–1974)
- Cuba
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965–2011)
- President - Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado, President of Cuba (1959–1976)
- Prime Minister - Fidel Castro, Prime Minister of Cuba (1959–2008)[28]
- Dominica (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Louis Cools-Lartigue, Governor of Dominica (1968–1979)
- Premier - Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Premier of Dominica (1969–1974)
- Dominican Republic
- President - Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic (1966–1978)
- El Salvador
- President - Fidel Sánchez Hernández, President of El Salvador (1967–1972)
- Grenada (British associated state)
- Governor - Dame Hilda Bynoe, Governor of Grenada (1968–1974)
- Prime Minister - Eric Gairy, Prime Minister of Grenada (1967–1979)
- Guatemala
- President - Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio, President of Guatemala (1970–1974)
- Haiti
- President -
- François Duvalier, President for Life of Haiti (1957–1971)
- Jean-Claude Duvalier, President for Life of Haiti (1971–1986)
- President -
- Honduras
- President -
- Oswaldo López Arellano, President of Honduras (1963–1971)
- Ramón Ernesto Cruz Uclés, President of Honduras (1971–1972)
- President -
- Jamaica
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Clifford Campbell, Governor-General of Jamaica (1962–1973)
- Prime Minister - Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1967–1972)
- Mexico
- President - Luis Echeverría, President of Mexico (1970–1976)
- Montserrat (British crown colony)
- Governor -
- Dennis Raleigh Gibbs, Administrator of Montserrat (1964–1971)
- Willoughby Harry Thompson, Governor of Montserrat (1971–1974)
- Chief Minister - Percival Austin Bramble, Chief Minister of Montserrat (1970–1978)
- Governor -
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor - Bernadito M. Leito, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1970–1983)
- Prime Minister -
- Nicaragua
- President - Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua (1967–1972)
- Panama
- De facto leader - Omar Torrijos, Commandant of the National Guard of Panama (1968–1981)
- President - Demetrio B. Lakas, President of Panama (1969–1978)
- Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (British associated state)
- Governor - Milton Allan, Governor of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (1969–1975)
- Premier - Robert Bradshaw, Premier of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (1966–1978)
- Saint Lucia (British associated state)
- Governor -
- Sir Frederick Clarke, Governor of Saint Lucia (1967–1971)
- Ira Marcus Simmons, Governor of Saint Lucia (1971–1974)
- Premier - John Compton, Premier of Saint Lucia (1964–1979)
- Governor -
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
- Jean-Jacques Buggia, Governor of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1967–1971)
- Henri Beaux, Governor of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1971–1974)
- President of the General Council - Albert Pen, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1968–1984)
- Prefect -
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Rupert John, Governor of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1970–1976)
- Premier - Milton Cato, Premier of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1967–1972)
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago (1962–1976)
- Governor-General - Sir Solomon Hochoy, Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago (1960–1972)[29]
- Prime Minister - Eric Williams, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1956–1981)[30]
- Turks and Caicos Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor -
- United States of America
- President - Richard Nixon, President of the United States (1969–1974)
- Panama Canal Zone (unincorporated territory of the United States)
- Governor -
- Walter Philip Leber, Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (1967–1971)
- David Stuart Parker, Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (1971–1975)
- Governor -
- Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)
- Governor - Luis A. Ferré, Governor of Puerto Rico (1969–1973)
- United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor - Melvin H. Evans, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1969–1975)
Oceania
- American Samoa (unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States)
- Governor - John Morse Haydon, Governor of American Samoa (1969–1974)
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Paul Hasluck, Governor-General of Australia (1969–1974)
- Prime Minister -
- John Gorton, Prime Minister of Australia (1968–1971)
- William McMahon, Prime Minister of Australia (1971–1972)
- Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
- Administrator - J.S. White, Administrator of Christmas Island (1970–1973)
- Cocos (Keeling) Islands (external territory of Australia)
- Governor - John Cecil Clunies-Ross, Governor of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1947–1978)
- Official representative - C.W. Suthern, Official representative of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1969–1972)
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
- Administrator - Robert Nixon Dalkin, Administrator of Norfolk Island (1968–1972)
- Head of Government - William M. Randall, President of the Island Council of Norfolk Island (1967–1974)
- Papua and New Guinea (UN Trust Territory administered by Australia)
- High Commissioner - Leslie Wilson Johnson, High Commissioner in Papua and New Guinea (1970–1974)
- British Solomon Islands Protectorate (British protectorate)
- Governor - Sir Michael David Irving Gass, Governor of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate (1969–1973)
- Fiji
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Fiji (1970–1987)
- Governor-General - Sir Robert Sidney Foster, Governor-General of Fiji (1968–1973)[31]
- Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (1967–1987)[32]
- French Polynesia (French overseas territory)
- Governor - Pierre Louis Angeli, Governor of French Polynesia (1969–1973)
- Gilbert and Ellice Islands (British protectorate)
- Resident Commissioner - Sir John Osbaldiston Field, Resident Commissioner of Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1970–1973)
- Head of Government - Reuben Uatioa, Leader of government business of Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1971–1974)
- Guam (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor - Carlos Camacho, Governor of Guam (1969–1975)
- Nauru
- President - Hammer DeRoburt, President of Nauru (1968–1976)
- New Caledonia (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner - Louis Verger, Governor of New Caledonia (1969–1973)
- New Hebrides (British-French condominium)
- British Resident Commissioner - Colin Allan (1966–1973)
- French Resident Commissioner[33] - Robert Jules Amédée Langlois (1969–1974)
- New Zealand
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Arthur Porritt, Governor-General of New Zealand (1967–1972)
- Prime Minister - Sir Keith Holyoake, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1960–1972)
- Cook Islands (Associated state of New Zealand)
- Prime Minister - Albert Henry, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (1965–1978)
- Niue (dependent territory of New Zealand)
- Commissioner - Selwyn Digby Wilson, Resident Commissioner in Niue (1968-197?)
- Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand)
- Administrator -
- Richard Basil Taylor, Administrator of Tokelau (1968–1971)
- Duncan MacIntyre, Administrator of Tokelau (1971–1972)
- Administrator -
- Pitcairn Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Arthur Norman Galsworthy, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (1970–1973)
- Magistrate - Pervis Ferris Young, Magistrate of the Pitcairn Islands (1967–1975)
- Tonga
- Monarch - Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)[34]
- Prime Minister - Prince Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake, Prime Minister of Tonga (1965–1991)[35]
- Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (UN Trust Territory administered by the United States)
- High Commissioner - Edward E. Johnston, High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1969–1976)
- Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory)
- Administrator-Superior -
- Jacques Bach, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (1968–1971)
- Guy Boileau, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (1971–1972)
- President of the Territorial Assembly - Sosefo Papillo, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (1967–1972)
- Administrator-Superior -
- Western Samoa
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa (1962–2007)
- Prime Minister - Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1970–1973)
South America
- Argentina
- President -
- Roberto M. Levingston, President of Argentina (1970–1971)
- Alejandro Agustín Lanusse, President of Argentina (1971–1973)
- President -
- Bolivia
- President -
- Juan José Torres, President of Bolivia (1970–1971)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces, Head of State of Bolivia (1971)
- Hugo Banzer, President of Bolivia (1971–1978)
- President -
- Brazil
- President - Emílio Garrastazú Médici, President of Brazil (1969–1974)
- Chile
- President - Salvador Allende, President of Chile (1970–1973)
- Colombia
- President - Misael Pastrana Borrero, President of Colombia (1970–1974)
- Ecuador
- President - José María Velasco Ibarra, President of Ecuador (1968–1972)
- Falkland Islands (British crown colony)
- Governor - Sir Ernest Gordon Lewis, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1971–1975)
- Guyana
- President - Arthur Chung, President of Guyana (1970–1980)
- Prime Minister - Forbes Burnham, Prime Minister of Guyana (1964–1980)[36]
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954–1989)
- Peru
- Head of State - Juan Velasco Alvarado, President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru (1968–1975)
- Prime Minister - Ernesto Montagne Sánchez, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1968–1973)
- Suriname (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor-General - Johan Ferrier, Governor-General of Suriname (1968–1980)[37]
- Prime Minister - Jules Sedney, Prime Minister of Suriname (1969–1973)
- Uruguay
- President - Jorge Pacheco Areco, President of Uruguay (1967–1972)
- Venezuela
- President - Rafael Caldera, President of Venezuela (1969–1974)
References
- ^ Titled Emperor Bokassa I after 1976.
- ^ Chad only became independent in 1960.
- ^ In exile between 1936 and 1941.
- ^ Lesotho only became independent in 1966.
- ^ The Malagasy Republic only became independent in 1960.
- ^ Mauritius only became independent in 1968.
- ^ Titled 'Officer Administering the Government' between 1965 and 1970.
- ^ Rwanda only became independent in 1962.
- ^ Swaziland only became independent in 1968, until then Sobhuza II was titled Paramount Chief of Swaziland.
- ^ Swaziland only became independent in 1968.
- ^ Julius Nyerere was President of Tanganyika from 1962 to 1964.
- ^ Before independence the monarch was titled Hakim of Bahrain.
- ^ Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was imprisoned until 8 January 1972.
- ^ William Gopallawa was titled President of Sri Lanka between 1972 and 1978 after the abolishing of the monarchy.
- ^ North Korea only became independent in 1948.
- ^ Subordinated to the Chief political resident of the Persian Gulf, see under Bahrain.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965, before that Yusof bin Ishak was titled Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapore.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Subordinated to the Chief political resident of the Persian Gulf, see under Bahrain.
- ^ President of the unified Vietnam from 1976 to 1980.
- ^ Prime minister of the unified Vietnam from 1976 to 1987.
- ^ King Constantine II went into exile in 1967.
- ^ Malta only became independent in 1964, until then Sir Maurice Henry Dorman was titled Governor of Malta.
- ^ Sir Anthony Mamo was titled President of Malta between 1974 and 1976 after the abolishing of the monarchy.
- ^ Malta only became independent in 1964.
- ^ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- ^ Barbados only became independent in 1966.
- ^ The position Prime Minister of Cuba was abolished on 2 December 1976, but President of the Council of Ministers was created and it continued to be held by Fidel Castro.
- ^ Trinidad and Tobago only became independent in 1962, until then Sir Solomon Hochoy was titled Governor of Trinidad and Tobago.
- ^ Trinidad and Tobago only became independent in 1962.
- ^ Fiji only became independent in 1970, until then Sir Robert Sidney Foster was titled Governor of Fiji.
- ^ Fiji only became independent in 1970, until then Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara was titled Chief Minister of Fiji.
- ^ Subordinated to the Governor of New Caledonia.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Guyana only became independent in 1966.
- ^ Titled President of Suriname after independence in 1975.