Belitung Malay
 | This article or section is in a state of significant expansion or restructuring. You are welcome to assist in its construction by editing it as well. If this article or section has not been edited in several days, please remove this template. If you are the editor who added this template and you are actively editing, please be sure to replace this template with {{in use}} during the active editing session. Click on the link for template parameters to use.
This article was last edited by Cal1407 (talk | contribs) 2 months ago. (Update timer) |
| Belitung Malay | |
|---|---|
| base Belitong | |
| بهاس بليتوڠ | |
| Native to | Indonesia (Bangka-Belitung) |
| Region | Belitung |
| Ethnicity | Belitung Malay, Belitung Chinese, etc. |
Native speakers | 313,047 (2023 estimate)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Latin (Indonesian alphabet) Jawi (historical) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | bang1370 |
 Areas where Belitung Malay is primarily spoken | |
Belitung Malay (base Belitong, Jawi: بهاس بليتوڠ), is a Malayic language spoken in Indonesia, specifically on the island of Belitung in the Bangka Belitung Islands of Sumatra. The language is primarily spoken by the native Malay people of Belitung, as well as by ethnic Chinese who have inhabited Belitung for centuries, using it as a second language alongside their native Hakka. Additionally, it is spoken by migrants from other parts of Indonesia residing in Belitung, including Javanese and Sundanese, as well as by the Belitung diaspora living in various regions across Indonesia. Belitung Malay serves as the lingua franca among the people of Belitung, encompassing not only Malays but also other ethnic groups living in the island. It is predominantly used in informal settings such as family gatherings or marketplaces. In contrast, standard Indonesian is preferred for formal situations, including government offices and schools, reflecting its status as the official and national language of Indonesia. Code-switching between Belitung Malay and standard Indonesian is common in the Belitung community, particularly in informal and semi-formal contexts. Other ethnic groups, such as the Chinese, also frequently code-switch and code-mix between Hakka and Belitung Malay.
Belitung Malay is a vernacular Malay variety that shares linguistic features with peninsular Malay, Eastern Sumatra Malay, and the Malay variety of West Kalimantan.[2] Belitung Malay exhibits a closer resemblance to the Malay spoken in Sumatra and Kalimantan than to standard Jakarta Indonesian, particularly in terms of phonology and lexicon. The language has received significant influence from other languages, such as Hakka, Dutch and Arabic, as well as Javanese and standard Indonesian.[3][4] Belitung Malay has absorbed Javanese loanwords due to Belitung's historical rule by the Palembang Sultanate, where the court language, Palembang Malay, was influenced by Javanese.[5] Additionally, Indonesian, as the official language, has also become a source of loanwords. While Belitung Malay includes words not found in standard Indonesian, the two languages are generally mutually intelligible.
Classification
Bangka Malay is a Malayic language. Speakers of Malayic language are spread from Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern Thailand, to the southernmost part of the Philippines. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, which includes languages from Taiwan, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia. Malagasy, a geographic outlier spoken in Madagascar in the Indian Ocean, is also a member of this language family. Although these languages are not necessarily mutually intelligible to any extent, their similarities are often quite apparent. In more conservative languages like Malay, many roots have come with relatively little change from their common ancestor, Proto-Austronesian language. There are many cognates found in the languages' words for kinship, health, body parts and common animals. Numbers, especially, show remarkable similarities.[6]
Belitung Malay is closely related to other Malayic languages spoken in neighboring regions, such as Bangka Malay and Palembang Malay, as well as various Malay varieties found in West Kalimantan, the eastern coast of Sumatra, and outlying islands. Since Indonesian is a standardized form of Malay, Belitung Malay is also related to it, and the two are generally mutually intelligible. However, Belitung Malay possesses unique characteristics, particularly in its phonology and lexicon, that distinguish it from Indonesian and other Malay varieties.
Geographic distribution and usage
.
References
- ^ "Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2023" (Visual). www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
- ^ Miyake et. al. 2022, p. 2.
- ^ Lastri, Sulastri Nur (2013). Terjadinya penyerapan leksikon asing ke dalam Bahasa Melayu Belitung ditinjau secara etimologi [The occurrence of the absorption of foreign lexicon into Belitung Malay examined from an etymological perspective] (Thesis) (in Indonesian). University of Indonesia.
- ^ Pontoh, Manzhuur Daanisy Ahmad Thaahir; Kabul, Assa Rahmawati (2023-02-09). "Kata serapan dari bahasa Hakka dalam leksikon bahasa Indonesia" [Loanwords from Hakka in the lexicon of the Indonesian language.]. SEMIOTIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra dan Linguistik (in Indonesian). 24 (1): 118–132. doi:10.19184/semiotika.v24i1.31095. ISSN 2599-3429.
- ^ Ricklefs, M.C. A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1300. p. 139.
- ^ Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus (2013-03-07). The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar. Routledge. ISBN 9781136755095.
Bibliography
- Miyake, Yoshimi; Hendry, Sarman; Fithrorozi (2022-03-31). "A preliminary study of Belitung Malay". NUSA: Linguistic studies of languages in and around Indonesia. 72: 17. doi:10.15026/120254.
- Napsin, Syahrul; Usman, M. Yusuf; Zein, R.M. Syafruddin; Sudarmo; Tarmizi; Silahiddin, Sofyan (1986). Morfologi dan Sintaksis Bahasa Melayu Belitung [Morphology and Syntax of Belitung Malay] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation.
- Aliana, Zainal Arifin; Arifin, Siti Salamah; Mairu, Tannizi; As'ad, Nurbaya; Maspriyadi (1992). Sastra Lisan Bahasa Melayu Belitung [Oral Literature of Belitung Malay] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation. ISBN 979 459 199 8.
- Arifin, Siti Salamah; Abubakar, Tannizi; Alwi, Zahra (2002). Sistem Reduplikasi Bahasa Melayu Belitung [Reduplication System of Belitung Malay] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation. ISBN 979 685 267 5.
- Azri, Yaumil Chairani (2020). Algoritma Stemming Bahasa Melayu Belitung menggunakan Aturan Tata Bahasa (PDF) (Thesis) (in Indonesian). State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
{{cite thesis}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
