List of metro systems
A metro system is a rapid transit train system. In some cases, metro systems are referred to as subways or undergrounds. As of May 2013, there are 188 metro systems in 54 countries in the world. The first metro system, the London Underground, was opened in 1863. The New York City Subway has the most stations. The Dubai Metro is the world's longest driverless metro system, spanning 75 km over two lines.[1]
Considerations
A metro system is defined as an urban, electric passenger transport system with high capacity and high frequency of service, which is totally independent from other traffic, road or pedestrians.[2][3] The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail often have similar definitions.[4][5][6]
The dividing line between metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail[4][5] and commuter rail,[4][5] is not always clear. A common way to distinguish metro from light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic. And in contrast to commuter rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequency, typically not more than 10 minutes between trains during normal daytime service. Furthermore, most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is however not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead lines.
The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion or exclusion. Some cities use metro as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded light rail that meet every criterion for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted in the provided network data. Certain transit networks match the technical level and service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are commonly known or better described as suburban, regional or commuter rail. These are not included. Neither are monorail and funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transport systems.
Legend
- Location
- Primary city served by the metro system.
- Country
- Country of the metro system.
- Name
- The most common English name of the system (and the connecting Wiki page for that system).
- Year opened
- The year the system was opened for commercial service at metro standards. In other words, parts of the system may be older, but as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network, so the year that the system obtained metro standards (e.g. electrified) is the one listed.
- Stations
- The number of stations in the network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one.
- System length
- The system length of a metro network is the sum of the lengths of all routes in the rail network in kilometers (or miles). Each route is counted only once, regardless of how many lines pass over it, and regardless of whether it is single-track or multi-track, single carriageway or dual carriageway.
List
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2010) |
This list is sortable. Click on the 
icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order.
Metro systems under construction
The following is an incomplete list of worldwide metro systems currently under construction:
See also
- Metro systems by annual passenger rides
- Total rapid transit systems statistics by country
- List of Latin American rail transit systems by ridership
- List of North American rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of driverless trains
- List of airport people mover systems
- List of monorail systems
- List of funicular railways
- List of suburban and commuter rail systems
- List of tram and light rail transit systems
- List of North American light rail systems by ridership
- List of United States light rail systems by ridership
- List of town tramway systems
- List of rail transit systems in the United States
- List of trolleybus systems
- List of bus rapid transit systems
- Articulated bus
- Rapid transit in India
References
Notes
- ^ There are 78 stations according to official source. But there are 68 stations when counting transfer stations as one.
- ^ Line H of Buenos Aires Metro had last expansion in 2013.
- ^ Line U2 was extended to Aspern in 2013.
- ^ Latest restoration of old line in 2011
- ^ The Moskovskaya Line expanded in 2012
- ^ Line 2's loop was completed in 2009
- ^ Most recent expansion of Line 4. Other extensions projected to become operational in 2014.
- ^ See Orange Line (Montreal Metro)
- ^ See Sheppard line
- ^ See Canada Line
- ^ Accepting visitors since 1969. Operational since 1971.
- ^ Statistics shown are for heavy rail Lines 1 and 6 only; Lines 2 and 3 are monorail and are not included. Including Lines 2 and 3 in the totals, the number of stations would be 100, and the system length would be 168.1 km (104.5 mi).
- ^ 1st line of Foshan Metro serves two cities - Foshan and Guangzhou
- ^ The number excludes the stations and lengths on the Guangfo Metro/Guangfo Line, which is part of the FMetro in Foshan.
- ^ Hangzhou Metro's Line 1.
- ^ Kunming's Line 1.
- ^ Nanjing South Railway Station.
- ^ This figure excludes Maglev line and Line 22, both often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system.
- ^ Opening of Suzhou's Line 2.
- ^ Xi'an Metro's Line 1.
- ^ Extension of Line A from Itagüí south to La Estrella.
- ^ Line C was last extended in 2008.
- ^ a b c d These systems have similarities to commuter rail systems, because of often fairly long station distances, line length, mainly overground, name or formal definitions, but are listed here since they are separated from railways.
- ^ Line 3's first section opened 2012
- ^ Extension of Lyon Metro's Line B to Oullins Gare station.
- ^ Opening of Toulouse Metro's Line B.
- ^ a b These systems have similarities to light rail systems, because of existence of road level crossings, but are listed since there are almost entirely separated from roads.
- ^ Opening of Riedberg stretch of the U8 and U9 lines.
- ^ Opening of Line U4.
- ^ Extension of Line S1 to the airport.
- ^ The official source states there are 100 stations in Munich U-Bahn system, but notes that four connecting/transfer stations have been counted twice; thus, there are 96 stations counting all stations once.
- ^ The U3 extension from Olympia-Einkaufszentrum (OEZ) to Moosach.
- ^ The U3 extension from Maxfeld to Friedrich-Ebert-Platz.
- ^
The blue line also has a 21.2 km section (with 4 stations) to the airport that is owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and is mainly used by the suburban railway system.
"Operation". Attiko Metro S.A. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Schwandl, Robert. "Athens Metro". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-12-28. - ^ The green line, operated until 2011 by Athens–Piraeus Electric Railway, was opened in 1869 as a steam train railway line. It was electrified in 1904, extended with underground sections through the city in 1948, and extended to its full length to Kifissia in 1957 using the right-of-way of a former metre gauge suburban line. Full metro operation since 1904 between Piraeus and Athens and 1957 to Kifissia. In 2011, it was integrated with Athens Metro under the company STASY S.A.
"Information on Line 1 - Technical Data". ISAP. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
- ^ Line 3 extended west to Template:OASA Metro stations from 14 December 2013.
- ^ The East Rail Line overlapped with a conventional railway that had operated since 1910.
- ^ Tseung Kwan O and West Rail lines.
- ^ Naples Metro is made up of Line 1 and Line 6 only. Line 2 is a commuter rail line.
- ^ Opening of Toledo station on Line 1 of Naples Metro.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o In general, the majority of urban rail service in Japanese metropolitan areas is provided by systems not included in this list. For a complete list of urban rail systems in Japan, see List of urban rail systems in Japan.
- ^ Yŏnggwang and Puhŭng opened in 1987
- ^ Line 4 and Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit opened in 2011
- ^ Daegu Subway Line 2 extension opened in 2012
- ^ Second phase of line 1
- ^ Line 1 fully opened
- ^ Line 1 extension in 2009
- ^ Only includes heavy rail lines and commuter rail lines that fall under the criteria for rapid transit.
- Seoul Subway Line 1: Seoul Station~Cheongnyangni Station (7.8km/10 stations) only
- Seoul Subway Lines 2~9
- AREX
- Bundang Line
- Sin Bundang Line
- EverLine
- ^ Parts of Line 1 and Line K1, K3 overlap with conventional railways that were built before 1974.
- ^ Stations served by multiple lines are counted more than once.
- ^ See Bundang Line.
- ^ There are 147 stations on the network map, counting transfer stations as one. The sum of the number of the stations for all lines is 195.
- ^ Line 12 opened 2012.
- ^ Line 50, 53, and 54 are rapid transit. Numbers exclude light rail line 51.
- ^ The first underground portion was opened in 1928, but that was a tram line. One surface line has origins from 1898. System opened as a full Metro in 1966.
- ^ Opening of the completed Ring line in 2006.
- ^ First line completed in 2011.
- ^ The Red Line was expanded in 2012
- ^ Line M4 completed in 2011
- ^ The Circle MRT Line was expanded in 2012
- ^ Converted in 2012 from commuter line originally opened in 1912
- ^ Including MetroSur and other suburban lines.
- ^ Skarpnäck metro station opened in 1994
- ^ The Lausanne Metro has two lines. Line 1 is light rail, line 2 is rapid transit. Stats are for line 2 only.
- ^ The Red Line was completed in 2012.
- ^ When the Circle Line was reconfigured from a "circular" route line to a "spiral" route line.
- ^ The Red, Orange, and Blue lines of the subway are rapid transit. The originally-elevated Orange Line opened in 1901, sharing the Tremont Street Subway that opened in 1897 as an underground streetcar tunnel (for the Green Line).
- ^ Dated from the opening of "The Loop", when the system became unified and electrified.
- ^ Rapid transit portion of L.A. Metro Rail only: Red and Purple lines. All other L.A. Metro Rail lines are Light rail, and are not included here.
- ^ This was the date of the last extension to the Red Line in the rapid transit portion of Los Angeles' Metro Rail.
- ^ First regular elevated railway service began in 1868. The first section of subway opened in 1904.
- ^ The total number of stations is 472, but with transfer stations counted only once, the number is 423 (including the temporarily closed Cortlandt Street – World Trade Center station.
- ^ On April 4, 2013, the 1 service was extended south to the South Ferry loops to replace service to South Ferry – Whitehall Street, which was damaged in Hurricane Sandy. This is not a permanent extension, nor is this new construction.
- ^ While the line opened as a railroad in 1860, it was not until 1925 that rapid transit equipment would be operated here.
- ^ Includes SEPTA's rapid transit lines only: Broad Street Line (Orange Line), Market–Frankford Line (Blue Line) and Norristown High Speed Line.
- ^ The Yunusobod Line was opened in 2001
Footnotes
- ^ "Dubai Metro creates new world record". Gulf News. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
- ^ "Metro". International Association of Public Transport. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert (2007). "What is a metro?". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
- ^ a b c "Fact Book Glossary - Mode of Service Definitions". American Public Transportation Association. 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-12.
- ^ a b c "National Transit Database Glossary". U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Transit Administration. October 18, 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-12.
- ^ "The demand for public transport: a practical guide" (PDF) (pdf). Transport Research Laboratory. p. 6. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
- ^ a b c d "Alger metro inaugurated". Railway Gazette. October 31, 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ Line 1, Schwandl, Robert. "Algiers - Al Jaza'ir". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ a b "Metrovías en Números". Metrovias. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ a b c "Yerevan authorities negotiating new metro line projects with banks". ArmeniaNow.com. March 27, 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-04.
- ^ Charbakh, Schwandl, Robert. "Yerevan". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
- ^ a b c Schwandl, Robert. "Wien". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ "Wiener Linien - Company Profile". Wiener Linien. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ a b c "Baku Metro - History". Bakı Metropoliteni. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
- ^ a b c d "Структура Метрополитен" (in Russian). государственное предприятие "Минсктранс". 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "STIB - Historique de la STIB de 1970 à 1979" (in French). STIB. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Activity Report 2011 - Figures & statistics '11" (PDF) (pdf). STIB/MIVB. p. 08. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
- ^ a b "Empresa - História" (in Portuguese). CBTU - METRÔ BH. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Operação - Linha em operação" (in Portuguese). CBTU - METRÔ BH. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Operação - Dados operacionais" (in Portuguese). CBTU - METRÔ BH. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Sobre o metro - Memória" (in Portuguese). Companhia do Metropolitano do Distrito Federal - Metrô. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
- ^ a b "Sobre o metro - Estrutura" (in Portuguese). Companhia do Metropolitano do Distrito Federal - Metrô. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
- ^ a b "Mapa das Linhas - Metrô de Fortaleza". Metrô de Fortaleza - METROFOR. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
- ^ a b "DATA DE INAUGURAÇÃO DE CADA ESTAÇÃO" (in Portuguese). MetrôRio. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "METRÔ RIO - RELATÓRIO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO EM 31 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2012" (PDF) (pdf) (in Portuguese). MetrôRio. December 31, 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d "Metrô - Home - The Company - About". Companhia Do Metropolitano De São Paulo. 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
- ^ a b c d "General Info about Sofia Metro". MetroSofia.com. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-20.
- ^ "Métro - Useful info - Networks - Métro". 2002. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ "TTC - Subway/RT". Toronto Transit Commission. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ a b c d "2012 - TTC Operating Statistics". Toronto Transit Commission. 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-26.
- ^ "The Buzzer - 2011-01-14". TransLink. January 14, 2011. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
- ^ a b "State of Good Repair". TransLink. March 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
- ^ "Corporativa - Historia - Historia de Metro" (in Spanish). Metro de Santiago. July 1, 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Guía del Viajero" (in Spanish). Metro de Santiago. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Historia Metro Valparaíso - El servicio ferroviario del siglo XXI" (in Spanish). Metro Valparaíso. Retrieved 2013-09-20.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Red - Metro Valparaíso" (in Spanish). Metro Valparaíso. Retrieved 2013-09-20.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "北京4条新地铁线今日开通 无仪式及领导讲话" (in Chinese). 新京报. 2012-12-30. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
- ^ "北京地铁4条新线每日至少跑17小时" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ a b c "北京地铁10号线一圈57公里 创地下铁之最" (in Chinese). 北京日报. Retrieved 2013-05-06.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Chengdu". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Chongqing". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ a b Schwandl, Robert. "Dalian". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ "Guangzhou Metro". ExploreGuangzhou's "Metropedia". Retrieved 2010-10-31.
- ^ "Guangzhou Metro - Corporate Overview". Gzmtr.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Guangzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ a b c IRJ: Trial operation starts on Harbin’s first metro line
- ^ a b c http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/814172.shtml Global Times: Metro line operational in China's Harbin
- ^ "Hangzhou Metro" (in Chinese). Hangzhou Metro. Retrieved 2012-11-22.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Hangzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Kunming". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ a b Schwandl, Robert. "Nanjing Metro". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ 【12号线、16号线12月29日起载客试运营】
- ^ a b "12号线、16号线12月29日起载客试运营". 上海地铁 (in Chinese). 2013-12-27. Retrieved 2013-12-27.
- ^ 王晓婷 (December 30, 2011). "沈阳地铁二号线今日开通 市民可持试乘票免费乘车". 沈阳晚报 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-02-23.
- ^ "Shenzhen Metro Subway". StartInChina.com. July 22, 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Suzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ "天津地铁9号线延至天津站 末车时间延长至22:00" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- ^ "今日10时武汉地铁2号线开通 武汉迈入地铁时代(图)" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-12-28.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Xi'an". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-09-24.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Zhengzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-12-28.
- ^ "History". Metro de Medellín. 15 November 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-16.
- ^ a b "Nuestro Sistema - Metro" (in Spanish). Metro de Medellín. 15 November 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "History - Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy". Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy. Retrieved 2013-09-11.
- ^ a b "Company Profile - Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy". Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy. Retrieved 2013-09-11.
- ^ National owner of most Danish tracks, "Banedanmark" official webbsite, http://www.bane.dk/db/filarkiv/6034/Bilag_03_2011.pdf Map of tracks and their classification (Little dictionary "Baneklasser"="Track Classification";Hovedbane"="Main tracks", "Regionalbane"="Regional tracks"; "S-bane"="S-Bahn (S-tracks);"Lokalbane"="Local tracks") Conclution "S-baner" is a classification of its own. Labeling inspiration "S" came from S-Bahn in Berlin and Hamburg
- ^ At http://byenspuls.dsb.dk/byens_puls/ByensPuls.html the exact location of each train can be followed, "Byens puls" means "Pulse of the City"
- ^ http://www.dsb.dk/global/pdf/koereplaner/s-tog/2013/dagk%C3%B8replan%20h%20og%20w%202013.pdf At the first page a schematic map of all rail systems in Greater Copenhagen is presented. This includes the Metro, regional trains and local trains, but only the S-tog are coloured line by line though. After follows time tables, with exception of the B+ line, the other six lines departures every ten minute (every 5 minute for the F-line) Note ! since there is the Copenhagen Metro, the S-tog will not be defined as "metro" in Denmark, however all conciderations are fulfilled. The common definition is "bybane" which means "City rail"
- ^ http://bybane.net/ confirms last ref. "Bybane.net - om bybaner i København" translates to English "City Rail.net - about City Rails in Copenhagen
- ^ a b "Línea 1" (in Spanish). Oficina para el Reordenamiento de Transporte (OPRET). Retrieved 2013-09-17.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c "Línea 2 - 1ra Etapa" (in Spanish). Oficina para el Reordenamiento de Transporte (OPRET). Retrieved 2013-09-17.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Rohde, Mike. "Cairo". Metro Bits. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^ a b "Helsinki City Transport - About HKL - History - A brief history of the metro". Helsinki City Transport. March 19, 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ a b "Helsinki City Transport - HKL Metro". Helsinki City Transport. August 28, 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ a b "Qui sommes-nous? - Notre Histoire" (in French). Transpole. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
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- ^ a b "The Network - The Metro: a Parisian institution". RATP. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
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- ^ a b "Annual Report 2012" (PDF) (pdf). Tbilisi Transport Company. pp. 24–27. Retrieved 2013-11-16.
- ^ Line 2 extension to Vazha Pshavela, Schwandl, Robert. "Tbilisi". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
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- ^ a b "La storia" (in Italian). ATM. Retrieved 2013-11-09.
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- ^ a b "HOME - Press Kit - Press Kit - Linea 1 - Storia della Linea 1 metropolitana di Napoli" (in Italian). Metronapoli SpA. Retrieved 2013-11-13.
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{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "HOME - Le nostre linee - Linea 6" (in Italian). Metronapoli SpA. Retrieved 2013-11-13.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Inaugurata la nuova linea metro B1". Comune di Roma Capitale. Retrieved 2012-06-14.
- ^ "INAUGURACIONES Y AMPLIACIONES EN ORDEN CRONOLÓGICO HASTA 2000" (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 2013-10-12.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Datos de operacion" (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 2013-10-12.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "World Metro List - Amsterdam". metro bits. 2008-01-10. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "General Data: Network Expansion". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Station count and track length
- ^ "A brief history". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Opening year
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- ^
"Metroelektrotrans" (in Russian). Retrieved 2013-08-04.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Schwandl, Robert. "UrbanRail.Net - Europe - Russia - Kazan Metro". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-08-04.
- ^ "Московский метрополитен". Moskovsky Metropoliten (in Russian). Retrieved 09 November 2013.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ "Метрополитен в цифрах". Metropoliten v Tsifrakh (in Russian). Retrieved 09 November 2013.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Метрополитен в цифрах 2013 год". Московский метрополитен (in Russian). Moscow metro. 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-09.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Zhulebino, "Moscow Metropoliten". Mosmetro.ru. Retrieved 09 November 2013.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ Gorkovskaya, Schwandl, Robert. "Nizhniy Novgorod". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
- ^ Extension of Leninskaya Line, Schwandl, Robert. "Novosibirsk". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
- ^ Bukharestskaya and Mezhdunarodnaya, Schwandl, Robert. "St. Petersburg". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
- ^ Rossiyskaya, Schwandl, Robert. "Samara". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
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"SL årsberättelse för 2012" (PDF) (pdf) (in Swedish). Storstockholms Lokaltrafik. 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-04.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Metro m2" (PDF). Transports publics de la région lausannoise. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
- ^ a b "Network and Systems". Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation. Retrieved 2013-09-03.
- ^ "Operating System". Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited. Retrieved 2008-11-20.
- ^ "Lines of İstanbul Metro System". Official site of İstanbul transportation authority. Retrieved 2013-12-07. - Check each line for line length, then sum to obtain the total System Length.
- ^ a b c "Glasgow Subway - SPT - Corporate Information". Strathclyde Partnership for Transport (SPT). 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-24.
- ^ Green, Oliver (1987). The London Underground — An illustrated history. Ian Allan.
- ^ "History - Transport for London". London Underground. Transport for London. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
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- ^ a b c d "Transport history - Nexus". 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-24.
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- ^ a b "Visitors Ride Guide" (PDF) (pdf). Maryland Transit Administration (via: http://mta.maryland.gov/content/visitors). Retrieved 2013-07-14.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher= - ^ "About the MBTA: History: The New MBTA". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Boston T". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
- ^ a b "About the T - Financials - Appendix: Statistical Profile" (PDF). MBTA. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
- ^ a b c d "Facts at a Glance". Chicago Transit Authority. December 2012. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
- ^ "RAPID TRANSIT IN CHICAGO - Remarkable Facilities Furnished by the Opening Last Week of the "Loop."". New York Times. October 24, 1897.
- ^ a b "About RTA: History of Public Transit in Greater Cleveland". Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority. 2012. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
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- ^ a b c d "Facts at a Glance". Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LACMTA). Retrieved 2008-03-25.
- ^ "Miami-Dade County - Miami-Dade Transit - Miami-Dade Transit History". Miami-Dade County. July 9, 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
- ^ a b "Miami-Dade County - Miami-Dade Transit - Metrorail". Miami-Dade County. July 9, 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
- ^ "New York City Transit - History and Chronology". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 7 November 2010. opening year
- ^ "New York City Transit - Subway and Bus Ridership Statistics 2009". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 7 November 2010. number of stations
- ^ a b "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. p. 150. network route length
- ^ "MTA New York City Transit - Staten Island Railway Map". Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ "History - PATH - The Port Authority of NY & NJ". 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
- ^ "Maps & Schedules - PATH - The Port Authority of NY & NJ". 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ "Facts & Info - PATH - The Port Authority of NY & NJ". 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
- ^ "SEPTA Operating Facts - Fiscal Year 2012" (PDF) (pdf). Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2013-08-03.
- ^ a b "SEPTA - Spring 2012 Route Statistics" (PDF) (pdf). Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority. 2012. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ "SEPTA - Media Guide" (PDF) (pdf). Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority. 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-17.
- ^ a b c "PATCO - A History of Commitment". PATCO. 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
- ^ a b c "BART - System Facts". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. 213. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
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- ^ Metro Los Teques, Schwandl, Robert. "Caracas". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
- ^ http://www.gs.xinhuanet.com/dfpd/2012-07/10/content_25482901.htm
- ^ "Construction of Thessaloniki Metro". Attiko Metro SA. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
- ^ UrbanRail.Net: Esfahan
- ^ a b Trend: Iran orders subway coaches from China in return for sold crude oil money
- ^ Mehr News Agency (MNA): Qom metro project gets underway
- ^ Uskowi on Iran: Tunnel boring machine at Qom metro construction site
- ^ UrbanRail.Net: Esfahan
- ^ The Economist: All This War Talk Is Ruining The Lives Of Ordinary Iranians
Bibliography
- Rohde, Mike. "World Metro Database". Metrobits.
- Schwandl, Robert. "UrbanRail.Net".
- Taplin, Michael. "A world of trams and urban transit". Light Rail Transit Association.
Further reading
- Vuchic, Vukan R. (2007). Urban Transit Systems and Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-75823-5.
- Ovenden, Mark (2005). Metro Maps Of The World. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-288-7.
- Hinkel, W.; Treiber, K.; Valenta, G.; Liebsch, H. (2004). Underground Railways Yesterday - Today - Tomorrow. Schmid Verlag. ISBN 3-900607-44-3.
- Fischler, Stan (2000). Subways Of The World. MBI. ISBN 0-7603-0752-0.
- Garbutt, Paul (1997). World Metro Systems. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-191-0.