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Lata Mangeshkar

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Lata Mangeshkar
लता मंगेशकर
Mangeshkar in 2014
Born (1929-09-28) 28 September 1929 (age 95)[1]
Indore, Indore State, Central India Agency, British India
NationalityIndian
OccupationPlayback singer
Years active1942–present
Parent(s)Deenanath Mangeshkar (father)
Shevanti Mangeshkar (mother)
RelativesAsha Bhosle (Sister)
Usha Mangeshkar (Sister)
Meena Mangeshkar (Sister)
Hridaynath Mangeshkar (Brother)
AwardsBharat Ratna 2001
Padma Vibhushan 1999
Padma Bhushan 1969

Lata Mangeshkar (pronunciationⓘ) (born 28 September 1929) is an Indian playback singer, and occasional music-composer. She is one of the best-known and most respected playback singers in India.[2][3] Mangeshkar's career started in 1942 and has spanned over seven decades. She has recorded songs for over a thousand Hindi films and has sung songs in over thirty-six regional Indian languages and foreign languages, though primarily in Marathi and Hindi. She is the elder sister of singers Asha Bhosle, Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Usha Mangeshkar and Meena Mangeshkar. India's highest award in cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, was bestowed on her in 1989 by the Government of India. She is the second vocalist, after M. S. Subbulakshmi, to have ever been awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour.[4]

Early life

Childhood photo of Lata Mangeshkar

Lata Mangeshkar was born in a Marathi-speaking Gomantak Maratha[5] family, in the princely state of Indore, part of the Central India Agency (now part of Madhya Pradesh). Her father, Pandit Deenanath Mangeshkar was a classical singer and theater actor. Her mother Shevanti (Shudhamati) who was from Thalner, Maharashtra, was Deenanath's second wife. The family's last name used to be Hardikar; Deenanath changed it to Mangeshkar in order to identify his family with his native town, Mangeshi in Goa. Lata was named "Hema" at her birth. Her parents later renamed her Lata after a female character, Latika, in one of her father's plays, BhaawBandhan.[6] Lata is the eldest child of her parents. Meena, Asha, Usha and Hridaynath are her siblings in sequence.

Mangeshkar took her first lessons from her father. At the age of five, she started to work as an actress in her father's musical plays (Sangeet Natak in Marathi). On the first day in the school, she started teaching songs to other children. When the teacher stopped her, she was so angry that she stopped going to the school.[6] Other sources cite that she left school because they would not allow her to bring Asha with her, as she would often bring her younger sister with her.

Singing career

Early career in the 1940s

In 1942, when Mangeshkar was 13, her father died of heart disease. Master Vinayak (Vinayak Damodar Karnataki), the owner of Navyug Chitrapat movie company and a close friend of the Mangeshkar family, took care of them. He helped Lata get started in a career as a singer and actress.

Mangeshkar sang the song "Naachu Yaa Gade, Khelu Saari Mani Haus Bhaari" which was composed by Sadashivrao Nevrekar for Vasant Joglekar's Marathi movie Kiti Hasaal (1942), but the song was dropped from the final cut. Vinayak gave her a small role in Navyug Chitrapat's Marathi movie Pahili Mangalaa-gaur (1942), in which she sang "Natali Chaitraachi Navalaai" which was composed by Dada Chandekar.[6] Her first Hindi song was "Mata Ek Sapoot Ki Duniya Badal De Tu" for the Marathi film, Gajaabhaau (1943).

Mangeshkar moved to Mumbai in 1945 when Master Vinayak's company moved its headquarters there. She started taking lessons in Hindustani classical music from Ustad Amanat Ali Khan . She sang “Paa Lagoon Kar Jori” for Vasant Joglekar's Hindi-language movie Aap Ki Seva Mein (1946),[6] which was composed by Datta Davjekar. The dance in the film was performed by Rohini Bhate who later became a famous classical dancer. Mangeshkar and her sister Asha played minor roles in Vinayak's first Hindi-language movie, Badi Maa (1945). In that movie, Lata also sang a bhajan, "Maata Tere Charnon Mein." She was introduced to music director Vasant Desai during the recording of Vinayak's second Hindi-language movie, Subhadra (1946).

Following the partition of India in 1947, Ustad Amanat Ali Khan migrated to newly formed Pakistan, so Mangeshkar started to learn classical music under Amanat Khan Devaswale, the nephew of Rajab Ali Khan. Pandit Tulsidas Sharma, a pupil of Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, also trained her.

After Vinayak's death in 1948, music director Ghulam Haider mentored her as a singer.Ghulam Haider introduced Mangeshkar to producer Sashadhar Mukherjee, who was working then on the movie Shaheed (1948), but Mukherjee dismissed Mangeshkar's voice as "too thin".[6] An annoyed Haider responded that in coming years producers and directors would "fall at Lata's feet" and "beg her" to sing in their movies. Haider gave Lata her first major break with the song "Dil Mera Toda, Mujhe Kahin Ka Na Chhora"—lyrics by Nazim Panipati—from the movie Majboor (1948), which became her first big breakthrough film hit. In an interview on her 84th birthday, in September 2013, Lata herself declared, "Ghulam Haider is truly my Godfather. He was the first music director who showed complete faith in my talent."[6][7]

Initially, Mangeshkar is said to have imitated the acclaimed singer Noor Jehan, but later she developed her own style of singing.[6] Lyrics of songs in Hindi movies are primarily composed by Urdu poets and contain a higher proportion of Urdu words, including the dialogue. Actor Dilip Kumar once made a mildly disapproving remark about Mangeshkar's Maharashtrian accent while singing Hindi/Urdu songs; so for a period of time, Lata took lessons in Urdu from an Urdu teacher named Shafi.[8]

One of her first major hits was "Aayega Aanewaala," a song in the movie Mahal (1949), composed by music director Khemchand Prakash and lip-synced on screen by actress Madhubala.[9]

1950s

Mangeshkar as a young woman

In the 1950s, Mangeshkar sang songs composed by various music directors of the period, including Anil Biswas (in films such as Tarana and Heer), Shankar Jaikishan, Naushad Ali, S. D. Burman, Pandit Amarnath Husan Lal Bhagat Ram (in films like Bari Behan, Meena Bazaar, Afsana, Aadhi Raat, Ansoo, Chhoti Bhabi, Adal-e-Jehangir) C. Ramchandra, Hemant Kumar, Salil Chowdhury, Khayyam, Ravi, Sajjad Hussain, Roshan, Kalyanji-Anandji, Vasant Desai, Sudhir Phadke, Hansraj Behl, Madan Mohan, and Usha Khanna. She made her debut in Tamil playback singing with Vanaradham in 1956 (Uran Khotala dubbed in Tamil) with Tamil song Enthan Kannalan picturised on Nimmi in the dubbed version composed by Naushad.

Mangeshkar sang many raga-based songs for Naushad in movies such as Deedar (1951), Baiju Bawra (1952), Amar (1954), Uran Khatola (1955) and Mother India (1957).[9] Ae Chorre Ki Jaat Badi Bewafa, a duet with G. M. Durrani, was her first song for composer, Naushad. The duo, Shankar-Jaikishan, chose Mangeshkar for Barsaat (1949), Aah (1953), Shree 420 (1955), and Chori Chori (1956). Before 1957, composer S. D. Burman chose Mangeshkar as the leading female singer for his musical scores in Sazaa (1951), House No. 44 (1955), and Devdas (1955). However a rift developed between Lata and Burman in 1957, and Lata did not sing Burman's compositions again until 1962.[6]

Mangeshkar won a Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer for Salil Chowdhury's composition "Aaja Re Pardesi," from Madhumati (1958). In the early fifties, Lata Mangeshkar's association with C. Ramchandra produced songs in movies such as Albela (1951), Shin Shinkai Bublaa Boo (1952), Anarkali (1953), Pehli Jhhalak (1954), Azad (1955), Asha (1957) and Amardeep (1958).[10] For Madan Mohan, she performed for films like Baagi (1953) Railway Platform (1955), Pocketmar (1956), Mr. Lambu (1956), Dekh Kabira Roya (1957), Adalat (1958), Jailor (1958), Mohar (1959) and Chacha Zindabad (1959).[11]

1960s

Mangeshkar's song "Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya" from Mughal-e-Azam (1960), composed by Naushad and picturized on Madhubala, still remains famous . The Hawaiian-themed number "Ajeeb Dastaan Hai Yeh" from Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai (1960) was composed by Shankar Jaikishan and picturized on Meena Kumari.

In 1961, Mangeshkar recorded two popular bhajans, "Allah Tero Naam" and "Prabhu Tero Naam", for Burman's assistant, Jaidev. In 1962, she was awarded her second Filmfare Award for the song "Kahin Deep Jale Kahin Dil" from Bees Saal Baad, composed by Hemant Kumar.

In the early 1962 she was given slow poison. The doctor was called. He came with an x-ray machine to check her, and gave her an injection to render her unconscious, because She was in pain. For three days, She had a close brush with death. After ten days, she began to recover. The doctor told her that somebody gave her slow poison. The slow poison incident rendered her very weak. She was bed-ridden for nearly 3 months. The most surprising thing was that soon after the incident, the cook who used to work at Lataji's home, suddenly vanished without taking his wages. The cook had earlier worked with some Bollywood people. Bollywood lyricist Majrooh Sultanpuri used to regularly visit Lataji at her home daily at 6 pm. Majrooh used to first taste the food and then allow Lata to eat. He used to recite poems and stories to keep Lata in good humour.[12]

On 27 January 1963, against the backdrop of the Sino-Indian War, Mangeshkar sang the patriotic song "Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo" (literally, "Oh, People of My Country") in the presence of Jawaharlal Nehru, then the Prime Minister of India. The song, composed by C. Ramchandra and written by Kavi Pradeep, is said to have brought the Prime Minister to tears.[6][13]

In 1963, Mangeshkar returned to collaboration with S. D. Burman. She also sang for R. D. Burman's very first film Chhote Nawaab and later for his films such as Bhoot Bangla (1965), Pati Patni (1966), Baharon ke Sapne (1967) and Abhilasha (1969). She also recorded several popular songs for S. D. Burman, including "Aaj Phir Jeene Ki Tamanna Hai", "Gata Rahe Mera Dil" (duet with Kishore Kumar) and "Piya Tose" from Guide (1965), and "Hothon Pe Aisi Baat" from Jewel Thief (1967).

During the 1960s, Lata Mangeshkar continued her association with Madan Mohan which included the songs "Aap Ki Nazron Ne Samjha" from Anpadh (1962), "Lag Ja Gale" and "Naina Barse Rim Jhim" from Woh Kaun Thi? (1964), "Woh Chup Rahen To" from Jahan Ara (1964), "Tu Jahan Jahan Chalega" from Mera Saaya (1966) and "Teri Aankho Ke Siva" from Chirag (1969),[14] and she had a continuing association with the maestros Shankar Jaikishan, who got her to sing in various genres in the '60s.

The 1960s also witnessed the beginning of Mangeshkar's association with Laxmikant-Pyarelal, the music directors for whom she sang the most popular songs in her career. Starting in 1963, Laxmikant-Pyarelal association with Lata Mangeshkar grew stronger over the years. Lata Mangeshkar sang over 700 songs for the composer duo over a period of 35 long years, most of which became huge hits. She sang for Parasmani (1963), Mr. X in Bombay (1964), Aaye Din Bahar Ke (1966), Milan (1967), Anita (1967) Shagird (1968), Mere Hamdam Mere Dost (1968), Intaquam (1969), Do Raaste (1969) and Jeene Ki Raah for which she got her 3rd Filmfare Award.[15]

She also sang several playback songs for Marathi films, composed by Marathi music directors including Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Vasant Prabhu, Srinivas Khale, Sudhir Phadke and herself (under the name Anandghan). During the 1960s and 1970s, she also sang several Bengali songs, composed by music directors like Salil Chowdhury and Hemant Kumar. She also made her Kannada debut in 1967 for the film Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna by recording two songs for the music director Lakshman Berlekar. The song "Bellane Belagayithu" was received well and appreciated.[citation needed]

In this period Lata Mangeshkar has recorded duets with Mukesh, Manna Dey, Mahendra Kapoor, Mohammed Rafi, and Kishore Kumar. For a brief period during the 1960s, she was not on good terms with Mohammed Rafi over the issue of royalty payments to singers. Mangeshkar wanted Rafi to back her in demanding a half-share from the five percent song royalty that the film's producer conceded to select composers.[16] But Rafi took a diametrically opposite view, and believed that a playback singer's claim on the filmmaker ended with the payment of the agreed fee for the song. This led to tensions between the two. After an argument during the recording of the song Tasveer Teri Dil Mein (Maya, 1961), the two refused to sing with each other.[17] The music director Jaikishan later negotiated a reconciliation between the two.[18]

1970s

In 1972, Meena Kumari's last film, Pakeezah, was released. It featured popular songs including "Chalte Chalte" and "Inhi Logon Ne" sung by Lata Mangeshkar, and composed by Ghulam Mohammed. She recorded many popular songs for S. D. Burman's last films, including "Rangeela Re" from Prem Pujari (1970), "Khilte Hain Gul Yahaan" from Sharmeelee (1971), and "Piya Bina" from Abhimaan (1973). She recorded many popular songs for Madan Mohan's last films, including Dastak (1970), Heer Raanjha (1970), Dil Ki Rahen (1973), Hindustan Ki Kasam (1973), Hanste Zakhm (1973), Mausam (1975) and Laila Majnu (1976).[19]

Lata Mangeshkar's most notable songs in the 1970s were composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal (Laxmi-Pyare) and Rahul Dev Burman. She recorded several songs composed by Laxmi-Pyare in the 1960s and 1970s, many of them written by the lyricist Anand Bakshi. She also recorded many hit songs with Rahul Dev Burman in the films Amar Prem (1972), Caravan (1971), Kati Patang (1971), and Aandhi (1975). The two are noted for their songs with the lyricists Majrooh Sultanpuri, Anand Bakshi and Gulzar.

In 1973, she won the National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the song "Beeti Na Bitai" from the film Parichay, composed by R. D. Burman, and written by Gulzar. In 1974, she sang her only Malayalam song "Kadali Chenkadali" for the film Nellu, composed by Salil Chowdhury, and written by Vayalar Ramavarma. In 1975, she again won the national award, this time for the song "Roothe Roothe Piya" from the film Kora Kagaz, composed by Kalyanji Anandji.

From the 1970s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar has also staged many concerts in India and abroad, including several charity concerts. Her first concert overseas was at the Royal Albert Hall, London, in 1974.[20] She also released an album of Mirabai's bhajans, Chala Vaahi Des, composed by her brother Hridaynath Mangeshkar. Some of the bhajans in the album include "Saanware Rang Raachi" and "Ud Jaa Re Kaaga". In the early 1970s, she released other non-film albums, such as her collection of Ghalib ghazals, an album of Marathi folk songs (koli-geete), an album of Ganesh aartis (all composed by her brother Hridaynath) and an album of abhangs of Sant Tukaram composed by Shrinivas Khale.

In 1978, Raj Kapoor direct Satyam Shivam Sundaram Lata Mangeshkar lends her voice to the main theme song "Satyam Shivam Sundaram", which was among the chart-toppers of the year. The story of was inspired by Lata Mangeshkar reveals Raj Kapoor's daughter Ritu Nanda in her latest book.

I visualised the story of a man falling for a woman with an ordinary countenance but a golden voice and wanted to cast Lata Mangeshkar in the role. The book quotes Raj Kapoor as saying.[21]

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, she worked with the children of composers she had earlier worked with. Some of these composers included Rahul Dev Burman (son of Sachin Dev Burman), Rajesh Roshan (son of Roshan), Anu Malik (son of Sardar Malik), and Anand-Milind (sons of Chitragupt). She also sang many songs in Assamese language and had a very good relationship with Dadasaheb Phalke award winner singing legend Late Bhupen Hazarika. She sang many songs under his guidance and in Rudaali the song "Dil hoom hoom kare" made a highestrecord of sales that year.

1980s

File:Lata Mangeshkar performing at a function.jpg
Lata Mangeshkar performing at a function 1988

From the 1980s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar worked with music directors including Shiv-Hari in Silsila (1981), Faasle (1985), Vijay (1988) and Chandni (1989). Ram Laxman in Ustadi Ustad Se (1981), Bezubaan (1982), Woh Jo Hasina (1983), Ye Kesa Farz (1985) and Maine Pyar Kiya (1989) which was a musical hit. She sang for various big projects including Ek duuje ke liye, Silsila, Karz, Prem Rog, Pyar Jhukta Nahi, Ram teri ganga maili, Hero, Nagina, Chandni Ram Lakhan. Her song "Zu Zu Zu" from Sanjog was a chartbuster in 1985.[22] In 1988, Mangeshkar made a come back to Tamil films with two back to back renditions "Aaraaro Aaraaro" and "Valai Osai" for composer Ilayaraja's compositions for the films Aanand and Sathya respectively.

Laxmikant Pyarelal was the kings when it came to churning out hits. In the 1980s, they had Lata croon of their biggest hits – Sheesha Ho Ya Dil Ho Asha (1980) Tu Kitne Baras Ka Karz (1980), Kitna Aasan Hai Dostana (1980), Hum Ko Bhi Gham Aas Paas (1980), Mere Naseeb Mein Naseeb (1980), Zindagi Ki Na Toote Kranti (1981), Solah Baras Ki Ek Duje Ke Liye (1981), Ye Galiyan Ye Chaubara Prem Rog (1982), Likhnewale Ne Likh Dale Arpan (1983), which was once extremely popular on Chitrahar on DD, Din Maheene Saal from Avtaar (1983), which revived Rajesh Khanna's career after an endless series of flops, Pyar Karnewale and Nindiya Se Jagi Hero (1983), Zu Zu Zu Sanjog (1985), Zindagi Har Qadam Meri Jung (1985), Baith Mere Paas Yaadon Ki Kasam (1985), Ungli Mein Anghoti Ram Avtar (1988) and O Ramji Tere Lakhan Ne Ram Lakhan (1989).[23]

Rahul Dev Burman continued to use Lata for melodious compositions. The best Rahul Dev Burman compositions for Lata this year like Aaja Sar-e-Bazaar Alibaba Aur Chalis Chor (1980), Bindiya Tarase Phir Wohi Raat (1981), Thodi Si Zameen Sitara (1981), Kya Yahi Pyar Hai Rocky (1981), Dekho Maine Dekha Love Story (1981), Tune O Rangeele Kudrat (1981), Jaane Kaise Kab Shakti (1982), Jab Hum Jawan Honge Betaab (1983), became instantly popular, Humein Aur Jeene Agar Tum Na Hote (1983), Tujhse Naraaz Nahin Masoom (1983), Kahin Na Ja and Jeevan Ke Din Bade Dil Wala (1983), Jaane Kya Baat Sunny (1984), Bhuri Bhuri Aankhon Arjun (1985), Sagar Kinare Sagar (1985), Din Pyar Ke Aayenge from Savere Wali Gaadi (1986). Kya Bhala Hai Kya, Khamosh Sa Afsana and Seeli Hawa Chhoo from Libas (1988), Rajesh Roshan's collaboration with Dev Anand in Lootmaar and Man Pasand resulted in songs like Paas Ho Tum Magar Qareeb and Sumansudha Rajni Chandha respectively. Lata duet with Rafi Mujhe Chhoo Rahi Hain Swayamwar (1980), Kabhi Kabhi Bezubaan Johnny I Love You (1982), Tujh Sang Preet Kaamchor (1982), Angrezi Mein Khete Hai from Khud-Daar (1982), Ankhiyo Hi Ankhiyo Mein Nishaan (1983), Dushman Na Kare Aakhir Kyun? (1985) and Tu Vaada Na Tod Dil Tujhko Diya (1987) later featured in the soundtrack of the 2004 film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.[24]

Bappi Lahiri was yet to launch a full-fledged assault on the ears of the listeners with his bizarre compositions for Jitendra-Sridevi-Jaya Prada films from the south and the disco-influenced songs, and composed some really good songs for Lata like Dooriyan Sab Mita Do Saboot (1980), Baithe Baithe Aaj Aayi Patita (1980), Jaane Kyun Mujhe Agreement (1980), Thoda Resham Lagta Hai Jyoti (1981), Dard Ki Ragini Pyaas (1982), and Naino Mein Sapna duet with Kishore Kumar Himmatwala (1983).[25]

Khayyam also continues work with Lata Mangeshkar during 80’s and give some big hits Like Hazaar Rahein Mud duet with Kishore Kumar Thodi Si Bewafai (1980), Simti Huyi from Chambal Ki Kasam (1980), Na Jane Kya Hua Dard (1981), Nakhuda (1981) had an above average Lata-Nitin Mukesh duet Tumhari Palkon Ki, Chandni Raat Mein Dil-e-Nadaan (1982), Dikhayi Diye Bazaar (1982), Chaand Ke Paas Aye Dil-e-Nadaan (1982), Bhar Lein Tumhe and Aaja Nindiya Aaja from Lorie (1984) and Kiran Kiran Mein Shokhiyan Ek Naya Rishta (1988).[26]

In June 1985, the United Way of Greater Toronto invited the Lata Mangeshkar to perform at Maple Leaf Gardens. She filled 12,000 seats, raising $150,000 for the charity. On the request of Anne murray Lata sings her song You Needed Me in the concert.[27][28]

During 80'Lata Give Some Big Hits Like Sun Sahiba Sun in Ram Teri Ganga Meli Hogayi(1985) for Ravindra Jain, Chand Apna Safar Shama (1981), Shayad Meri Shaadi and Zindagi Pyar Ka Souten (1983), Hum Bhool Gaye Re Souten Ki Beti (1989) for Usha Khanna with was probably the biggest hit of her career. Hridayanath Mangeshkar had Kale Kale Gehre Saye Chakra (1981), Ye Ankhen Dekh Kar, which had a slight Khaiyyam touch and Kuchh Log Mohabbat Ko Dhanwan (1981), Mujhe Tum Yaad Karna Mashaal (1984), Jaane Do Mujhe Shahenshah (1989)for Amar-Utpal, Sajan Mera Us PaarGanga Januma Sarawati (1988), Mere Pyar Ki Umar Waaris (1989)for Uttam Jagdish.[29]

1990s onwards

During the 1990s, she recorded with music directors including Anand-Milind, Nadeem-Shravan, Jatin Lalit, Dilip Sen-Sameer Sen, Uttam Singh, Anu Malik, Aadesh Shrivastava and A. R. Rahman. She recorded some non-film songs, including ghazals with Jagjit Singh. She has also sung with S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Udit Narayan, Hariharan, Kumar Sanu, Suresh Wadkar, Mohammed Aziz, Abhijeet Bhattacharya, Roop Kumar Rathod, Vinod Rathod, Gurdas Maan and Sonu Nigam.

In 1990, Mangeshkar launched her own production house for Hindi movies which produced the Gulzar-directed movie Lekin.... She won her third National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer for her rendition of the song "Yaara Sili Sili" from the film, which was composed by her brother Hridaynath.

Mangeshkar has sung for almost all the Yash Chopra films and films from his production house Yash Raj Films at that time, including Chandni (1989), Lamhe (1991), Darr (1993), Yeh Dillagi (1994), Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (1995), Dil To Pagal Hai (1997) and later on Mohabbatein (2000), Mujhse Dosti Karoge! (2002) and Veer-Zaara (2004).

During 1990, Mangeshkar records with Ram Laxman in Patthar Ke Phool (1991), 100 Days (1991), Mehboob Mere Mehboob (1992), Saatwan Aasman (1992), I Love You (1992 film) (1992), Dil Ki Baazi (1993), Antim Nyay (1993), The Melody of Love (1993), The Law (1994), Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! (1994), Megha (1996), Lav Kush (1997), Manchala (1999), and Dulhan Banoo Main Teri (1999).

A. R. Rahman recorded a few songs with Mangeshkar during this period, including "Jiya Jale" (Dil Se..), "Khamoshiyan Gungunane Lagin" (One 2 Ka 4), "Ek Tu Hi Bharosa" (Pukar), "Pyaara Sa Gaon" (Zubeidaa),"So Gaye Hain" (Zubeidaa) "Lukka chuppi" (Rang De Basanti), "O Paalanhaare" (Lagaan) and Laadli (Raunaq: Conversation of Music and Poetry)).[30] She made an appearance in the film Pukar singing this song.

In 1994, Lata Mangeshkar released Shraddanjali-My Tribute To The Immortals. The special feature of the album is that Lata offer her tributes to immortal singers of the time by rendering a few of their songs in her own voice. There are songs of K.L. Saigal, Rafi, Hemant Kumar, Mukesh, Punkaj Mallick and Kishore Kumar, Geeta dutt, Zohrabai, Amirbai, Parul Ghosh and Kanan Devi.[31]

Mangeshkar sang both, Rahul Dev Burman's first and last song. In 1994, she sang last song Kuch Na Kaho for Rahul Dev Burman in 1942: A Love Story.[32]

In 1999, Lata Eau de Parfum, a perfume brand named after her, was launched.[33]

In 1999, Mangeshkar was nominated as a member of Rajya Sabha.[34] However, she did not attend the Rajya Sabha sessions regularly, inviting criticism from several members of the House, including the Deputy Chairperson Najma Heptullah, Pranab Mukherjee and Shabana Azmi.[35][36] She stated the reason for her absence as ill-health; it was also reported that she had not taken a salary, allowance or a house in Delhi for being a Member of Parliament.[35][37]

In 2001, Lata Mangeshkar was awarded Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor. In the same year, she established the Master Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital in Pune, managed by the Lata Mangeshkar Medical Foundation (founded by the Mangeshkar family in October 1989). In 2005, she designed a jewellery collection called Swaranjali, which was crafted by Adora, an Indian diamond export company. Five pieces from the collection raised £105,000 at a Christie's auction, and a part of the money was donated for the 2005 Kashmir earthquake relief.[38] Also in 2001, she recorded her first Hindi song with the composer Ilaiyaraaja, for the film Lajja; she had earlier recorded Tamil and Telugu songs composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

Lata Mangeshkar's song "Wada Na Tod" is in the film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004) and on the film's soundtrack.

On 21 June 2007, she released an album Saadgi, featuring eight ghazal-like songs written by Javed Akhtar and composed by Mayuresh Pai.[39] On 12 April 2011, she released another album Sarhadein: Music Beyond Boundaries the album has a rare duet Tera Milna Bara Acha Lage by Lata Mangeshkar and Mehdi Hasan (written by Pakistan's Farhat Shahzad). The album features Usha Mangeshkar, Suresh Wadkar, Hariharan, Sonu Nigam, Rekha Bhardwaj and another Pakistani singer, Ghulam Ali.[40]

After 14 years, Lata Mangeshkar recorded a song for composer Nadeem-Shravan Kese Piya Sai Mein Kaho for Bewafaa (2005).[41] After Kitne Ajeeb Rishte Hain Yahan Par for Page 3 (2005) and Daata Sun Le for Jail (2009), Shamir Tandon once again recorded a song with Lata Mangeshkar Tere Hasne Sai Mujheko for the film Satrangee Parachute (2011).[42] After a gap Lata Mangeshkar is back in playback singing and recorded a song Jeena kya hai, jaana maine for the sequel of Kapil Sharma's queer love story Dunno Y... Na Jaane Kyun at her own studio.[43]

On 28 November 2012, Lata Mangeshkar launched her own music label, LM Music, with an album of bhajans, Swami Samarth Maha Mantra, composed by Mayuresh Pai. She sang with younger sister Usha on the album.[44] In 2014, she recorded Shurodhwani (Bengali songs, including poetry by Salil Chowdhury), also composed by Pai.[citation needed]

Number of songs by music director

Music Director Number of Songs
Laxmikant Pyarelal 712
Shankar Jaikishan 453
R. D. Burman 327
C. Ramchandra 298
Kalyanji Anandji 297
Chitragupta 240
Madan Mohan 210
S. D. Burman 182
Naushad 155
Roshan 146
Hemant Kumar 139
Anil Biswas 123
Vasant Desai 112
Rajesh Roshan 112
Salil Chaudhary 108
Husnlal Bhagatram 107
Bappi Lahiri 97
Ravi 75
Khayyam (Sharmaji) 71
Ghulam Mohammad 71
S. N. Tripathi 71
Usha Khanna 68
Hansraj Bahal 43
Sudhir Phadke 32
Jaidev 28
N. Dutta 28

[citation needed]

Overall Collaboration

From the 1940s to the 1970s, Mangeshkar sang duets with Asha Bhonsle, Suraiya, Usha Mangeshkar, Mohammed Rafi, Kishore Kumar, Mukesh, Manna Dey, and Mahendra Kapoor. In 1964, she sang "Chanda Re Hoga" with P.B. Sreenivas from Main Bhi Ladki Hoon.

Mukesh died in 1976. The 1980s saw the deaths of Mohammed Rafi and Kishore Kumar. Mangeshkar's last duets with Kishore Kumar were during the 1980s; she continued to sing with Shabbir Kumar, Shailendra Singh, Nitin Mukesh (Mukesh's son), Manhar Udhas, Amit Kumar (Kishore Kumar's son), Mohammed Aziz, Vinod Rathod, and S.P. Balasubrahmanyam.

In the 1990s, Mangeshkar began singing duets with Pankaj Udhas, Mohammed Aziz, Abhijeet Bhattacharya, Udit Narayan, Kumar Sanu, and Suresh Wadkar. Her most notable work of the 90s was Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge with songs such as "Mere Khwabon Mein Jo Aaye", "Ho Gaya Hai Tujhko To Pyaar Sajna", "Tujhe Dekha To Yeh Janam Sanam", and "Mehdni Laga Ke Rakhna".

In the 2000s, Mangeshkar's duets were mainly with Udit Narayan and Sonu Nigam. 2005-06 were the years of her last well-known songs: "Kaise Piya Se" from Bewafa and "Shayad Yehi To Pyaar Hai" from Lucky: No Time For Love, with Adnan Sami and "" Lukka Chhupi" "Rang De Basanti"(2006 film) with A.R.Rahman. She sang "Ek Tu Hi Bharosa" from Pukar. Other notable songs of this decade were from Veer-Zaara, sung with Udit Narayan, Sonu Nigam, Jagjit Singh, Roop Kumar Rathod, and Gurdas Mann. One of her latest songs was "Jeena Hai Kya" from Dunno Y2 (2014).

Non-singing career

Music direction

Lata Mangeshkar composed music for the first time in 1955 for Marathi movie Ram Ram Pavhane. Later in the 1960s, she composed music for following Marathi movies under the pseudonym of Anand Ghan.[45]

  • 1960 - Ram Ram Pavhana
  • 1963 - Maratha Tituka Melvava
  • 1963 - Mohityanchi Manjula
  • 1965 - Sadhi Manase
  • 1969 - Tambadi Mati

She won Maharashtra State Government's Best Music Director Award for the film Sadhi Manase. The song "Airanichya Deva Tula" from the same film received best song award.[citation needed]

Production

Lata Mangeshkar has produced four films:

  • 1953 - Vaadal (Marathi)
  • 1953 - Jhaanjhar (Hindi), co-produced with C. Ramchandra
  • 1955 - Kanchan (Hindi)
  • 1990 - Lekin... (Hindi)

Awards and recognitions

Main article: List of awards received by Lata Mangeshkar
Mangeshkar at the Dinanath Mangeshkar Awards announcement in 2013

Lata Mangeshkar has won several awards and honours, including Bharat Ratna (India's Highest Civilian Award), Padma Bhushan (1969),[46] Padma Vibhushan (1999), Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1989), Maharashtra Bhushan Award (1997),[47] NTR National Award (1999), Bharat Ratna (2001), ANR National Award (2009), three National Film Awards, and 12 Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards. She has also won four Filmfare Best Female Playback Awards. In 1969, she made the unusual gesture of giving up the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award, in order to promote fresh talent. She was later awarded Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993.

In 1984, the State Government of Madhya Pradesh instituted the Lata Mangeshkar Award in honour of Lata Mangeshkar. The State Government of Maharashtra also instituted a Lata Mangeshkar Award in 1992.

Guinness Controversy

In 1974, The Guinness Book of Records listed Lata Mangeshkar as the most recorded artist in the history, stating that she had reportedly recorded "not less than 25,000 solo, duet and chorus backed songs in 20 Indian languages" between 1948 and 1974. Her record was contested by Mohammad Rafi, who was claimed to have sung around 28,000 songs.[48][49] After Rafi's death, in its 1984 edition, the Guinness Book of World Records stated Lata Mangeshkar's name for the "Most Recordings", but also stated Rafi's claim. The later editions of Guinness Book stated that Lata Mangeshkar had sung no fewer than 30,000 songs between 1948 and 1987.[50]

The entry was discontinued by Guinness editions in 1991 without explanation, while several sources continued to claim that she recorded thousands of songs, with estimates ranging up to figures as large as 50,000.[51][52] However, even the earliest Guinness claim of 25,000 songs (between 1948–1974) was disputed and claimed to have been exaggerated by several others, stating that the number of songs sung by Lata Mangeshkar in Hindi films till 1991 was found to be 5025.[53][54][55][56] Mangeshkar herself has stated that she does not keep a record of the number of songs recorded by her, and that she did not know from where Guinness Book editors got their information.[57] In 2011, the entry was revived by Guinness crediting the record to Asha Bhosle as the most recorded artist in music history, "for recording up to 11,000 solo, duet and chorus-backed songs and in over 20 Indian languages since 1947".[58]

See also

References

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  3. ^ Yasmeen, Afshan (21 September 2004). "Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen". Chennai, Tamil Nadu India: The Hindu. Retrieved 19 August 2009. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ Lata Mangeshkar given Bharat Ratna The Hindu
  5. ^ Ania Loomba; Ritty A. Lukose (5 March 2012). South Asian Feminisms. Duke University Press. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-8223-5179-5. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Khubchandani, Lata (2003). Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema. Popular Prakashan. pp. 486–487. ISBN 81-7991-066-0. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (|editor= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Who is Lata Mangeshkar's Godfather ? glamsham.com website 27 September 2013 http://www.glamsham.com/movies/scoops/13/sep/27-news-who-is-lata-mangeshkars-godfather-0913012.asp
  8. ^ Bharatan, Raju (1995). Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography. UBS Publishers Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7476-023-4.
  9. ^ a b "Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part I". DailyTimes. Archived from the original on 10 July 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part X". DailyTimes. Archived from the original on 28 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — XXIII". DailyTimes. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Unknown facts about Lata Mangeshkar: When the singer was given slow poison!". India TV News.
  13. ^ "Kavi Pradeep, master of the patriotic song, dies at 84". Rediff.com. 11 December 1998. Retrieved 4 November 2010.
  14. ^ "Madan Mohan & Lata made each other famous | The Indian Sub-continent Times". Theistimes.com. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  15. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar...twenty years ago — The Times of India". The Times Of India.
  16. ^ Raju Bharatan (23 August 2006). "How fair were they to Mohammed Rafi?: Page 3". Rediff.com. Retrieved 28 April 2007.
  17. ^ Raju Bharatan (21 August 2006). "How fair were they to Mohammed Rafi?: Page 4". Rediff.com. Retrieved 28 April 2007.
  18. ^ Dhamini Ratnam (22 November 2012). "Voice from the past (interview with Yasmin Rafi)". Mumbai Mirror. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)[dead link‍]
  19. ^ "MADAN MOHAN... The Musical Legend | The Official Website of Madan Mohan". Madanmohan.in. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  20. ^ "Milestones in the life of melody queen Lata Mangeshkar." Hindustan Times (New Delhi, India). 2008. HighBeam Research. (November 5, 2015). http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1562587031.html  – via Highbeam (subscription required)
  21. ^ "Raj Kapoor: The face behind the star". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  22. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar and Ram-Laxman are back together". IMDb. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  23. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part X". DailyTimes. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part X". DailyTimes. Archived from the original on 22 May 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  25. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend Part IX to XII". apnaorg.com.
  26. ^ "Khayyam Speaks On Lata". cinemasangeet.com.
  27. ^ "The Montreal Gazette — Google News Archive Search". news.google.com.
  28. ^ Martin, Douglas (12 October 1985). "No Headline". The New York Times.
  29. ^ Aditya Pant. "Khwaahish-e-Parwaaz". Khwaahish-e-Parwaaz.
  30. ^ "When Lata Mangeshkar took 3-and-a-half months to record for AR Rahman". India Today.
  31. ^ Jayasankaran S.V. (12 June 2011). "Jay'S World Of Music: Lata Mangeshkar-Her Favourite Songs". Jaysworldofmusic.blogspot.com. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  32. ^ Jha, Subhash K (27 June 2010). "'I knew him from the time he ran around in shorts'". Mid-day.com. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  33. ^ Suparn Verma (3 November 1999). "A perfume called Lata". Rediff.com. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  34. ^ "Nominated Members of the Rajya Sabha". Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Government of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-13. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)[dead link‍]
  35. ^ a b Viral Bhayani (29 November 2002). "Unequal music". The Times of India. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  36. ^ "Straight Answers". The Times of India. 2 March 2003. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
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  38. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar's jewellery collection raises quake relief funds". 28 November 2005. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  39. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar launches new album 'Saadgi'". Daily News & Analysis. 21 June 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  40. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar, Nevaan Nigam steal Sarhadein show". Indian Express. 22 April 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  41. ^ "Lata records song with Nadeem — Rediff.com Movies". Rediff.com. 3 January 2003. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  42. ^ "Lata records for Satrangee Parachute". Indian Express. 17 December 2010. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  43. ^ "Lata is back in playback". Mumbai Mirror. 19 May 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  44. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar launches music label with 'bhajan 'album | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. 28 November 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  45. ^ "BFI, Lata Mangeshkar".
  46. ^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2014. Retrieved July 21, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  47. ^ "Stage set for felicitation of Lata with Maharashtra Bhushan award". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2 December 2009.[dead link‍]
  48. ^ Raju Bharatan (23 August 2006). "How fair were they to Mohammad Rafi?: Page 7". Rediff.com. Retrieved 28 April 2007.
  49. ^ Raju Bharatan (23 August 2006). "How fair were they to Mohammed Rafi?: Page 6". Rediff.com. Retrieved 28 April 2007.
  50. ^ Puri, Amit (24 February 2003). "Dedicated to Queen of Melody". The Tribune, Chandigarh. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
  51. ^ Chopra, Yash (28 September 2004). "The nightingale of India turns 75". BBC News. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  52. ^ "Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly". The Tribune, Chandigarh. 29 September 2004. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
  53. ^ Nerurkar, Vishwas. Lata Mangeshkar Gandhar Swaryatra (1945-1989) (in Hindi). Mumbai: Vasanti P. Nerukar.
  54. ^ Broughton, Simon; Mark Ellingham; Richard Trillo (2000). World music: The Rough Guide. Rough Guides. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-85828-636-5.
  55. ^ Richard Corliss (12 August 2003). "Bollywood: Frequently Questioned answers". Time.
  56. ^ Neepa Majumdar (25 September 2009). Wanted cultured ladies only!: female stardom and cinema in India, 1930s-1950s. University of Illinois Press. pp. 232–. ISBN 978-0-252-07628-2. Retrieved 6 October 2011.
  57. ^ Bhatt, Punita. "A controversy in the making". Filmfare magazine. 1–15 June 1987.
  58. ^ Banerjee, Soumyadipta (22 October 2011). "It's a world record for Asha Bhosle". DNA India. Retrieved 23 October 2011.

Further reading

  • Bichu, Dr. Mandar (2011). Lata — Voice of the Golden Era. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7991-625-4.
  • Bhimani, Harish (1995). In search of Lata Mangeshkar. Indus. ISBN 978-81-7223-170-5.
  • Bharatan, Raju (1995). Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography. UBS Publishers Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7476-023-4.
  • Kabir, Nasreen Munni (2009). Lata Mangeshkar: In Her Own Voice. Niyogi Books. ISBN 978-81-89738-41-9.
  • Lata, Mangeshkar (1995). Madhuvanti Sapre; Dinkar Gangal (eds.). In search of Lata Mangeshkar (in Marathi). Harper Collins/Indus. ISBN 978-81-7223-170-5.. A collection of articles written by Lata Mangeshkar since 1952.
  • Nerurkar, Vishwas. Lata Mangeshkar Gandhar Swaryatra (1945-1989) (in Hindi). Mumbai: Vasanti P. Nerukar..
  • Bichhu, Mandar V. (1996). Gaaye Lata, Gaaye Lata (in Hindi). Sharjah: Pallavi Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7223-170-5.. A collection of articles written by Lata Mangeshkar since 1952.
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