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*{{cite news|last=|first=|title=What Dan Cathy said |url=http://www.ajc.com/business/what-dan-cathy-said-1484986.html|accessdate=28 July 2012|newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=July 26, 2012}}
*{{cite news|last=|first=|title=What Dan Cathy said |url=http://www.ajc.com/business/what-dan-cathy-said-1484986.html|accessdate=28 July 2012|newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=July 26, 2012}}
*{{cite news|last=Blume|first=K. Allan|title=‘Guilty as charged,’ Dan Cathy says of Chick-fil-A’s stand on faith|url=http://www.brnow.org/News/July-2012/%E2%80%98Guilty-as-charged,%E2%80%99-Dan-Cathy-says-of-Chick-fil-A|accessdate=22 July 2012|newspaper=Biblical Recorder|date=2 July 2012|agency=North Carolina Baptist State Convention|location=Cary, NC|quote="as an organization we can operate on biblical principles."}}
*{{cite news|last=Blume|first=K. Allan|title=‘Guilty as charged,’ Dan Cathy says of Chick-fil-A’s stand on faith|url=http://www.brnow.org/News/July-2012/%E2%80%98Guilty-as-charged,%E2%80%99-Dan-Cathy-says-of-Chick-fil-A|accessdate=22 July 2012|newspaper=Biblical Recorder|date=2 July 2012|agency=North Carolina Baptist State Convention|location=Cary, NC|quote="as an organization we can operate on biblical principles."}}
*{{cite news|last=Hsu|first=Tiffany|title=Is Chick-fil-A anti-gay marriage? 'Guilty as charged,' leader says|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/money/la-fi-mo-chick-fil-a-gay-20120718,0,3020372.story|accessdate=19 July 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=July 18, 2012}}</ref> Chick-fil-A has made about $5 million of donations via WinShape to groups that oppose same sex-marriage. $1.9 million of this was donated in 2010 to groups including the Family Research Council and Marriage & Family Foundation. Winshape has also contributed to the Fellowship of Christian Athletes and Exodus International, the latter noted for supporting "ex-gay" conversion therapy.<ref name="O'Connor">{{cite web|last=O'Connor|first=Clare|title=Meet The Cathys: Your Guide To The Billionaires Behind Chick-fil-A|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2012/08/03/meet-the-cathys-your-guide-to-the-billionaires-behind-chick-fil-a/|work=The billionaire beat: wealth, entrepreneurs and money in politics.|publisher=Forbes|accessdate=7 August 2012|date=3 August 2012|quote=WinShape is the vehicle through which Chick-fil-A, and by extension the Cathys, have made about $5 million of donations to anti-gay marriage groups since 2003, with $1.9 million of that donated in 2010 to outfits including the Family Research Council and Marriage & Family Foundation. They’ve written checks to Exodus International, famous for “ex-gay” conversion therapy, and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, whose website includes a testimonial from a coach “delivered” from homosexuality.}}</ref> Details also came to light of $3.8 million in donations primarily to Christian organizations including $1,000 to the [[Family Research Council]],<ref name=winshapefoundn /> listed as an anti-gay<ref name="hatemap">{{cite web | url=http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/hate-map#s=DC | title=Hate Map - Southern Poverty Law Center | publisher=[[Southern Poverty Law Center]] | accessdate=August 13, 2012}}</ref> “hate group” by the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]].<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/03/chick-fil-a-kiss-ins-gay-lgbt_n_1739365.html Chick-fil-A Kiss-Ins Divide LGBT Movement ]</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Lengell|first=Sean|title=Family Research Council labeled a ‘hate group’|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/nov/24/frc-labeled-a-hate-group/|accessdate=10 August 2012|newspaper=The Washington Times|date=November 24, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Dutton|first=Nick|title=Shooting sparks controversy over ‘hate’ designation for conservative group|url=http://wtvr.com/2012/08/18/shooting-sparks-controversy-over-hate-designation-for-conservative-group/ |accessdate=18 August 2012|newspaper=wtvr.com|date=18 August 2012|quote=The SPLC says the conservative Washington policy group is listed as a hate group because “it has knowingly spread false and denigrating propaganda” about lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender people.}}</ref> Several prominent politicians expressed disapproval.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lopez|first=Ricardo|title=San Francisco is the third city to tell Chick-fil-A: Keep out|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/money/la-fi-mo-san-franciso-mayor-to-chickfila-keep-out-20120726,0,4169780.story|accessdate=26 July 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> [[Boston Mayor]] [[Thomas Menino]], and [[Chicago Alderman]] Proco "Joe" Moreno said they hoped to block franchise expansion into their areas.<ref name="block">*{{cite news|last=Turner|first=Greg|title=Mayor Menino on Chick-fil-A: Stuff it|url=http://www.bostonherald.com/news/regional/view.bg?articleid=1061147182&srvc=home&position=emailed|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=The Boston Herald|date=July 20, 2012|quote=Chick-fil-A doesn’t belong in Boston. You can’t have a business in the city of Boston that discriminates against a population. We’re an open city, we’re a city that’s at the forefront of inclusion... That’s the Freedom Trail. That’s where it all started right here. And we’re not going to have a company, Chick-fil-A or whatever the hell the name is, on our Freedom Trail.}}
*{{cite news|last=Hsu|first=Tiffany|title=Is Chick-fil-A anti-gay marriage? 'Guilty as charged,' leader says|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/money/la-fi-mo-chick-fil-a-gay-20120718,0,3020372.story|accessdate=19 July 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=July 18, 2012}}</ref> Details also came to light of $3.8 million in donations primarily to Christian organizarions including $1,000 to the [[Family Research Council]],<ref name=winshapefoundn /> listed as an anti-gay<ref name="hatemap">{{cite web | url=http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/hate-map#s=DC | title=Hate Map - Southern Poverty Law Center | publisher=[[Southern Poverty Law Center]] | accessdate=August 13, 2012}}</ref> “hate group” by the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]].<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/03/chick-fil-a-kiss-ins-gay-lgbt_n_1739365.html Chick-fil-A Kiss-Ins Divide LGBT Movement ]</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Lengell|first=Sean|title=Family Research Council labeled a ‘hate group’|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/nov/24/frc-labeled-a-hate-group/|accessdate=10 August 2012|newspaper=The Washington Times|date=November 24, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Dutton|first=Nick|title=Shooting sparks controversy over ‘hate’ designation for conservative group|url=http://wtvr.com/2012/08/18/shooting-sparks-controversy-over-hate-designation-for-conservative-group/ |accessdate=18 August 2012|newspaper=wtvr.com|date=18 August 2012|quote=The SPLC says the conservative Washington policy group is listed as a hate group because “it has knowingly spread false and denigrating propaganda” about lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender people.}}</ref> Several prominent politicians expressed disapproval.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lopez|first=Ricardo|title=San Francisco is the third city to tell Chick-fil-A: Keep out|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/money/la-fi-mo-san-franciso-mayor-to-chickfila-keep-out-20120726,0,4169780.story|accessdate=26 July 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> [[Boston Mayor]] [[Thomas Menino]], and [[Chicago Alderman]] Proco "Joe" Moreno said they hoped to block franchise expansion into their areas.<ref name="block">*{{cite news|last=Turner|first=Greg|title=Mayor Menino on Chick-fil-A: Stuff it|url=http://www.bostonherald.com/news/regional/view.bg?articleid=1061147182&srvc=home&position=emailed|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=The Boston Herald|date=July 20, 2012|quote=Chick-fil-A doesn’t belong in Boston. You can’t have a business in the city of Boston that discriminates against a population. We’re an open city, we’re a city that’s at the forefront of inclusion... That’s the Freedom Trail. That’s where it all started right here. And we’re not going to have a company, Chick-fil-A or whatever the hell the name is, on our Freedom Trail.}}
*{{cite news|last=|first=|title=Mayor's letter to Chick-fil-A|url=http://bostonherald.com/news/document.bg?f=misc/Chick-fil-A-1&h=Mayor%27s%20letter%20to%20Chick-fil-A&p=&k=bh|accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=The Boston Herald|date=July 20, 2012|quote=}}
*{{cite news|last=|first=|title=Mayor's letter to Chick-fil-A|url=http://bostonherald.com/news/document.bg?f=misc/Chick-fil-A-1&h=Mayor%27s%20letter%20to%20Chick-fil-A&p=&k=bh|accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=The Boston Herald|date=July 20, 2012|quote=}}
*{{cite news|last=Dardick|first=Hal|title=Alderman to Chick-fil-A: No deal |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/breaking/ct-met-chicago-chick-fil-a-20120725,0,929023.story |accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=July 25, 2012|quote=}}</ref><ref name=Chicagoalderman>{{cite news|last=Dardick|first=Hal|title=Alderman to Chick-fil-A: No deal |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/breaking/ct-met-chicago-chick-fil-a-20120725,0,929023.story |accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=July 25, 2012|quote=}}</ref> The proposed bans drew criticism from liberal pundits, legal experts, and the [[American Civil Liberties Union]].<ref name=1stamend>*{{cite news|last=Drum|first=Kevin|title=Rahm Emanuel Needs to Back Off on Chick-fil-A |url=http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2012/07/rahm-emanuel-needs-back-chick-fil |accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=Mother Jones|date=July 26, 2012|quote=}}
*{{cite news|last=Dardick|first=Hal|title=Alderman to Chick-fil-A: No deal |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/breaking/ct-met-chicago-chick-fil-a-20120725,0,929023.story |accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=July 25, 2012|quote=}}</ref><ref name=Chicagoalderman>{{cite news|last=Dardick|first=Hal|title=Alderman to Chick-fil-A: No deal |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/breaking/ct-met-chicago-chick-fil-a-20120725,0,929023.story |accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=July 25, 2012|quote=}}</ref> The proposed bans drew criticism from liberal pundits, legal experts, and the [[American Civil Liberties Union]].<ref name=1stamend>*{{cite news|last=Drum|first=Kevin|title=Rahm Emanuel Needs to Back Off on Chick-fil-A |url=http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2012/07/rahm-emanuel-needs-back-chick-fil |accessdate=July 26, 2012|newspaper=Mother Jones|date=July 26, 2012|quote=}}

Revision as of 16:24, 20 August 2012

Chick-fil-A
Company typePrivate
IndustryRestaurants
Founded1946, first Dwarf House opened in Hapeville, Georgia;
1967, first Chick-fil-A opened in Atlanta, Georgia
HeadquartersCollege Park, Georgia, U.S.
Number of locations
1,600[1]
Key people
S. Truett Cathy, Chairman, CEO
Dan T. Cathy, President, COO
ProductsSandwiches, chicken entrées
RevenueIncreaseUS$4.0 billion (2011)
Websitechick-fil-a.com
A Chick-fil-A in the food court of The Galleria in Uptown Houston, Texas
A series of Chick-fil-A trucks at the Airport West Distribution Center
Chick-fil-A at Holcombe and Buffalo Speedway, Houston, Texas
Chick-fil-A headquarters in College Park, Georgia

Chick-fil-A (referring to the American English pronunciation of "fillet") is an American fast food restaurant chain headquartered in the Atlanta suburb of College Park, Georgia, specializing in chicken sandwiches.[2][3] Long associated with the Southern United States, where it has become a cultural icon,[4] the chain has since expanded. As of April 2012, Chick-fil-A has 1,614 restaurants in 39 states, and the District of Columbia, and is focusing future growth in the American Midwest, Southern California, and Mexico.[5] The corporate culture is heavily influenced by its founder's Christian beliefs, and unlike the vast majority of fast food franchises, Chick-fil-A is closed for business on Sunday.

History

The chain's origin can be traced to the Dwarf Grill (now the Dwarf House, see below), a restaurant opened by S. Truett Cathy, the chain's current Chairman and CEO, in 1946. The restaurant is located in Hapeville, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta,[2] and is near the location of the now-demolished Ford Motor Company Atlanta Assembly Plant, for many years a source of many of the restaurant's patrons.

In 1961, after 15 years in the fast food business, Cathy found a pressure-fryer that could cook the chicken sandwich in the same amount of time it took to cook a fast-food hamburger.[6] Following this discovery, he registered the name Chick-fil-A, Inc. The company's current trademarked slogan, "We Didn't Invent the Chicken, Just the Chicken Sandwich," [7] refers to their flagship menu-item, the popular quick-serve or fast-food chicken sandwich.

The first Chick-fil-A opened in 1967 in the food court of the Greenbriar Mall, in a suburb of Atlanta.[2] During the 1970s and early 1980s, the chain expanded by opening new franchises in suburban malls' food courts.[8] The first freestanding franchise was opened in 1986 and the company began to focus more on this type of franchise than on the food court type. Although it has expanded outward from its original geographic base, most new restaurants are located in Southern suburban areas.[2] As of 2012, the chain has approximately 1000 stand-alone locations.[2] It also has 32 drive-through-only locations.[2] Chick-fil-A also can be found at universities, hospitals, and airports through licensing agreements.[2]

Since 1994, the Atlanta-based company has been the title sponsor of the Peach Bowl, an annual college football bowl game played in Atlanta. Beginning in the 2006 season, the Peach Bowl became the Chick-fil-A Bowl. Chick-fil-A also is a key sponsor of the SEC, ACC, and Big 12 conferences of college athletics.[9][10]

Business model

Chick-fil-A uses a model significantly different from other restaurant franchises, notably in retaining ownership of each restaurant. Chick-fil-A selects the restaurant location, builds it and retains ownership. Whereas franchisees from competing chains pay almost $2 million up front to open a franchise, Chick-fil-A franchisees need only a $5,000 initial investment to become an operator.[1] The company gets 10,000–25,000 applications from potential franchise operators for 60–70 slots they open each year. Chick-fil-A gets a larger share of revenue from its franchises than other chains, but the formula works well for operators – franchisees make an average of $190,000 per year. In 2010 Chick-fil-A took the industry lead in average sales per restaurant, making an average of $2.7 million per restaurant in 2010 (McDonald's was second with $2.4 million per restaurant).[11]

Advertising

"Eat mor chikin" is the chain's most prominent advertising slogan, created by the The Richards Group in 1995. The slogan is often seen in advertisements, featuring cows that are often seen wearing (or holding) signs that [usually] read: "Eat mor chikin" in all capital letters. According to Chick-fil-A's advertising strategies, the cows have united in an effort to reform American food, in an effort to reduce the amount of beef that is eaten. They wish the American public to refrain from eating beef burgers, common at Chick-fil-A's competitors, such as McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's, and instead focus on eating chicken. The ad campaign was temporarily halted during a mad cow disease scare on January 1, 2004 so as not to make the chain seem insensitive or appear to be taking advantage of the scare to increase its sales. Two months later, the cows were put up again. The cows replaced the chain's old mascot, Doodles, an anthropomorphized chicken who still appears as the C on the logo.[12]

Chick-fil-A vigorously protects its intellectual property, sending cease and desist letters to those they think have infringed on their trademarks. The corporation has successfully protested at least 30 instances of the use of an "eat more" phrase, saying that the use would cause confusion of the public, dilute the distinctiveness of their intellectual property, and diminish its value.[13] A 2011 letter to Vermont artist Bo Muller-Moore who screen prints t-shirts reading: "Eat More Kale" demanded that he cease printing the shirts and turn over his website.[14] The incident has drawn criticism from Vermont governor Peter Shumlin, and has created backlash against Chick-fil-A's "corporate bullying."[15]

Distribution of Chick-fil-a stores in the U.S. by county.
Chick-fil-A Classic
The Chick-fil-A Classic is a high school basketball tournament held in Columbia, South Carolina.[16] The tournament is in its eighth year of operation, and features nationally ranked players, and teams.[17] The tournament is co-sponsored by the Greater Columbia Educational Advancement Foundation (GCEAF), which provides scholarships to high school seniors in the greater Columbia area.
Chick-fil-A Bowl
Formerly known as the Peach Bowl, the Chick-fil-A Bowl is a college football bowl game played each year in Atlanta, Georgia between teams from the Atlantic Coast Conference, and the Southeastern Conference.
Chick-fil-A College Kickoff
The Chick-fil-A College Kickoff is an annual early-season college football game played at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. It features two highly ranked teams, one of which has always been from the Southeastern Conference. Starting with the 2012 season, the event will be expanded to two games.
Chick-fil-A Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America
The Chick-fil-A Kyle Petty Charity Ride Across America is an annual charity motorcycle tour to raise money for, among other charities, the Victory Junction Gang Camp for terminally ill children.

The Hapeville Dwarf House

Truett Cathy opened his first restaurant, The Dwarf Grill – later renamed the Dwarf House – in Hapeville, Georgia, in 1946, and developed the pressure-cooked chicken breast sandwich there.[2] At the original Chick-fil-A Dwarf Grill, in addition to the full-size entrances, there is also an extra small-sized front door.[18] The original Dwarf House in Hapeville, Georgia is open 24 hours a day, six days a week, except on Sunday when it closes at 4 a.m. and reopens on Monday at 6 a.m. It has a larger dine-in menu than the other Dwarf House locations as well as an animated seven dwarfs display in the back of the restaurant.[18]

Dwarf House

Truett's original, full-service restaurants offer an extensive menu, and provide customers a choice of table service, walk-up counter service or a drive-thru window. Eleven Chick-fil-A Dwarf House restaurants currently operate in the metro Atlanta area.

Truett's Grill

In 1996, the first Truett's Grill was opened in Morrow, Georgia. The second location opened in 2003 in McDonough, Georgia, and a third location opened in 2006 in Griffin, Georgia.[19] Similar to the Chick-fil-A Dwarf Houses, these independently owned restaurants offer traditional, sit-down dining and expanded menu selections in a diner-themed atmosphere. One major difference from other Chick-fil-A restaurants, however, is the fact that beef products are served there, including steaks and hamburgers.[20][21][22]

Corporate culture

S. Truett Cathy is a devout Southern Baptist; his religious beliefs have a major impact on the company.[23] The company's official statement of corporate purpose says that the business exists "To glorify God by being a faithful steward of all that is entrusted to us. To have a positive influence on all who come in contact with Chick-fil-A."[24]

Cathy's beliefs are also responsible for one of the chain's distinctive features: All Chick-fil-A locations are closed on Sundays,[25] as well as on Thanksgiving, and Christmas.[26] Cathy states as the final step in his Five-Step recipe for Business Success "I was not so committed to financial success that I was willing to abandon my principles and priorities. One of the most visible examples of this is our decision to close on Sunday. Our decision to close on Sunday was our way of honoring God and of directing our attention to things that mattered more than our business."[27]

In an interview with ABC News's Nightline, Truett's son Dan T. Cathy told reporter Vicki Mabrey that the company is also closed on Sundays because "by the time Sunday came, he was just worn out. And Sunday was not a big trading day, anyway, at the time. So he was closed that first Sunday and we've been closed ever since. He figured if he didn't like working on Sundays, that other people didn't either." The younger Cathy also quoted his father as saying, "I don't want to ask people to do that what I am not willing to do myself."[28]

Their website states, "The Chick-fil-A culture and service tradition in our Restaurants is to treat every person with honor, dignity and respect –regardless of their belief, race, creed, sexual orientation or gender." [29]

Controversy regarding same-sex marriage stance

Main article: Chick-fil-A same-sex marriage controversy
The Chick-Fil-A in Port Charlotte, Florida on August 1, "Chick-Fil-A Appreciation Day"

In January 2011, the media reported that Chick-fil-A was co-sponsoring a marriage conference with the Pennsylvania Family Institute (PFI), an organization that has opposed same-sex marriage legislation.[30] Chick-fil-A clarified that "one of our independent Restaurant Operators in Pennsylvania was asked to provide sandwiches to two Art of Marriage video seminars."[31] The WinShape Foundation also stated it would not allow same-sex couples to participate in its marriage retreats.[32][33] The Wall Street Journal reported that "Through their WinShape Foundation, created in 1984, the owners of Chick-fil-A have donated millions to various causes, including Christian organizations dedicated to preserving traditional heterosexual marriages."[34] In response, students at several colleges and universities worked to ban or remove the company's restaurants from their campuses.[35]

In June and July 2012, Chick-fil-A COO Dan Cathy made several public statements supporting what he believes to be "the traditional family," saying about same-sex marriage that those who "have the audacity to define what marriage is about" were "inviting God's judgment on our nation".[36] Details also came to light of $3.8 million in donations primarily to Christian organizarions including $1,000 to the Family Research Council,[34] listed as an anti-gay[37] “hate group” by the Southern Poverty Law Center.[38][39][40] Several prominent politicians expressed disapproval.[41] Boston Mayor Thomas Menino, and Chicago Alderman Proco "Joe" Moreno said they hoped to block franchise expansion into their areas.[42][43] The proposed bans drew criticism from liberal pundits, legal experts, and the American Civil Liberties Union.[44] The Jim Henson Company, which had a Pajanimals kids' meal toy licensing arrangement with Chick-fil-A, said it would cease its business relationship, and donate the payment to the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation.[45] Chick-fil-A stopped distributing the toys, citing unrelated safety concerns that had arisen prior to the controversy.[46] Chick-fil-A released a statement on July 31, 2012 saying, "Going forward, our intent is to leave the policy debate over same-sex marriage to the government and political arena."[47]

In response to criticism of the Cathy statements, politician Mike Huckabee created the counter-protest for August 1 called "Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day."[48][49] The company reported record sales, and some stores running out of food; however, the company declined to give specific sales figures.[50][51][52][53] Gay rights supporters staged a same-sex "kiss day" at stores nationwide on August 3.[54]

Lawsuit over cancer risk

In 2006 a lawsuit was brought by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine against McDonald's, Applebee's, Outback Steakhouse, Chili's, T.G.I. Friday's, Burger King, and Chick-fil-A.[55] The organization asserted that cooking certain meats, including chicken, at high temperatures causes the formation of a heterocyclic amine called PhIP, a compound which has been shown to cause cancer in lab rats and mice.[56] A 2009 ruling for the defendants was followed by an August 2010 appeal decided in favor of the plaintiffs.[57] The matter has not been fully resolved, and is still before the courts of California.[57][58]

References

  1. ^ a b Norman, Jan (August 11, 2012). "Franchises can expect fallout". The Orange County Register. p. Business 2.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Company Fact Sheet". Retrieved July 30, 2012. "Headquarters Chick-fil-A, Inc. 5200 Buffington Road Atlanta, GA 30349-2998"
  3. ^ "City Maps [[College Park, Georgia|City of College Park]]". Retrieved May 25, 2009. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  4. ^ Green, Frank (2006-12-07). "Food is family's matter | The San Diego Union-Tribune". Utsandiego.com. Retrieved 2012-08-17.
  5. ^ "Chick-fil-A Celebrates 1,500th Restaurant Location, Continued Sales Growth in 2010", Chick-fil-A press release, August 2010 full text
  6. ^ Nickerson, Michelle (2011). Sunbelt Rising: The Politics of Place, Space, and Region. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 295. Retrieved November 1, 2011. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "We Didn't Invent the Chicken, Just the Chicken Sandwich". Detailed trademark information from the official US federal trademark database (USPTO). Trademark.Markify.Com. Retrieved November 1, 2011.
  8. ^ Daren Grem, "The World of Chick-Fil-A and the Business of Sunbelt Evangelicalism," Southern Spaces, 8 March 2012. http://www.southernspaces.org/2012/world-chick-fil-and-business-sunbelt-evangelicalism
  9. ^ Marilyn Odesser-Torpey. "Reaching Out to NASCAR Nation". QSR.
  10. ^ "Chick-fil-A, Dr Pepper Give Fans a Million Reasons to 'Eat Mor Chikin'". SEC Sports News.
  11. ^ Russell Grantham (December 28, 2011). Chick-fil-A model helps it lead "Chick-fil-A model helps it lead". ajc.com. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved July 29, 2012. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  12. ^ Joe Guy Collier (2008-07-09). "Dress-as-a-cow day reflects Chick-fil-A's 'have fun' culture". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
  13. ^ Ring, Wilson (November 28, 2011). "Eat more kale: A David vs. Goliath fight with Chick-fil-A?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
  14. ^ Carapezza, Kirk (December 2, 2011). "In Vermont, Fighting For The Rights To 'Eat More'". Vermont Public Radio. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
  15. ^ Bidgood, Jess (December 4, 2011). "Chicken Chain Says Stop, but T-Shirt Maker Balks". The New York Times.
  16. ^ "Welcome to 8th Annual Chick-Fil-A Classic.com". Chick-fil-aclassic.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  17. ^ "GCEAF". Chick-Fil-A Classic. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  18. ^ a b Bovino, Arthur. "Sandwich of the Week: Dwarf House Chick-fil-A, The Dwarf House in Atlanta – the original Chick-fil-A". The Daily Meal. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  19. ^ "Truett's Grill". Truettsgrill.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  20. ^ "Chick-fil-A: Truett's Grill – Griffin". Cfarestaurant.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  21. ^ "Chick-fil-A: Truett's Grill – McDonough". Cfarestaurant.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  22. ^ "Chick-fil-A: Truett's Grill – Morrow". Cfarestaurant.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  23. ^ "The World's Billionaires, #655 S. Truett Cathy". Forbes.Com. Forbes Publishing. March 10, 2010. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  24. ^ "Executive Biographies: Dan T. Cathy, President and Chief Operating Officer". Chick-fil-A. Retrieved 2012-03-23.
  25. ^ "Chick-fil-A's Closed-on-Sunday Policy" (PDF) (Press release). Chick-fil-A. 2009. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
  26. ^ "Chick-fil-A". Chick-fil-A. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  27. ^ About Truett. S. Truett Cathy. Retrieved on May 26, 2009.
  28. ^ "Nightline(ABC-TV) presents: Chik-fil-A Wins Customers ... by closing". ABC News. September 23, 2009. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
  29. ^ "FAQs: Current News".
  30. ^ *January 31, 2011. "Chick-fil-A defends its values". Atlanta Business Chronicle. Retrieved July 29, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ "Chick-fil-A Facebook Page". Facebook. January 6, 2011. Retrieved 2012-03-23.
  32. ^ McWhirter, Cameron (July 27, 2012). "Chick-fil-A's Long Christian Heritage". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved July 31, 2012.
  33. ^ Jones, Michael (January 26, 2011). "Yes, Chick-fil-A Says, We Explicitly Do Not Like Same-Sex Couples". Change.Org. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
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  35. ^ *Jones, Michael (February 2, 2011). "Students Challenge Chick-fil-A's Ties to Anti-Gay Organizations". Change.org.
  36. ^ *Starnes, Todd (July 25, 2012). "Rahm: "Chick-fil-A Values Are Not Chicago Values"". Fox News Radio. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  37. ^ "Hate Map - Southern Poverty Law Center". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
  38. ^ Chick-fil-A Kiss-Ins Divide LGBT Movement
  39. ^ Lengell, Sean (November 24, 2010). "Family Research Council labeled a 'hate group'". The Washington Times. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  40. ^ Dutton, Nick (18 August 2012). "Shooting sparks controversy over 'hate' designation for conservative group". wtvr.com. Retrieved 18 August 2012. The SPLC says the conservative Washington policy group is listed as a hate group because "it has knowingly spread false and denigrating propaganda" about lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender people.
  41. ^ Lopez, Ricardo (July 26, 2012). "San Francisco is the third city to tell Chick-fil-A: Keep out". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  42. ^ *Turner, Greg (July 20, 2012). "Mayor Menino on Chick-fil-A: Stuff it". The Boston Herald. Retrieved July 21, 2012. Chick-fil-A doesn't belong in Boston. You can't have a business in the city of Boston that discriminates against a population. We're an open city, we're a city that's at the forefront of inclusion... That's the Freedom Trail. That's where it all started right here. And we're not going to have a company, Chick-fil-A or whatever the hell the name is, on our Freedom Trail.
  43. ^ Dardick, Hal (July 25, 2012). "Alderman to Chick-fil-A: No deal". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  44. ^ *Drum, Kevin (July 26, 2012). "Rahm Emanuel Needs to Back Off on Chick-fil-A". Mother Jones. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  45. ^ *Rose, Annie (July 25, 2012). "Chick-fil-A Backlash: Politicians, Muppets Respond". ABC News Video. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  46. ^ *Bartkewicz, Anthony (July 25, 2012). "Coincidence? Chick-Fil-A pulls Jim Henson toys". New York Daily News. Retrieved July 30, 2012. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  47. ^ Robinson, Steve (July 31, 2012). Chick-fil-A Response to Recent Controversy. Retrieved August 5, 2012
  48. ^ Anderson, Derek (August 2, 2012). "Burlington Chick-fil-A swamped by supporters on 'Appreciation Day'". Boston Globe. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  49. ^ Bingham, Amy (August 02, 2012). "Chick-fil-A Supporters Line Up for Appreciation Day". ABC News. Retrieved August 07, 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help)
  50. ^ "Huckabee: Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day 'beyond anything I could have imagined'". Fox. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  51. ^ Rene Lynch (2 August 2012). "Chick-fil-A 'appreciation' day: Frenzied sales set record". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  52. ^ Amy Bingham (2 August 2012). "Chick-fil-A Has 'Record-Setting' Sales on Appreciation Day". ABC News. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  53. ^ Stephen N. Dethrage (2 August 2012). "Augusta Chick-fil-A runs out of food, closes early". The Augusta Chronicle. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  54. ^ CNN Wire Staff (August 4, 2012) Gay rights activists hold 'kiss day' at Chick-fil-A restaurants
  55. ^ "PCRM Files Lawsuit Over Carcinogens in Grilled Chicken". PCRM. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  56. ^ "Chemicals in Meat Cooked at High Temperatures and Cancer Risk". National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 2011-11-03.
  57. ^ a b P. J. Hufstutter (August 13, 2010). "In cancer-warning fight, court rules against California restaurants". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
  58. ^ "Grilled Chicken Can Cause Cancer; Plaintiff's Claim Requiring Restaurant to Warn Consumers Moves Forward". Taft Law (Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP). Retrieved November 3, 2011.
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