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Indira Gandhi International Airport

Coordinates: 28°33′16″N 77°5′58″E / 28.55444°N 77.09944°E / 28.55444; 77.09944
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Indira Gandhi International Airport
  • IATA: DEL
  • ICAO: VIDP
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Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerAirports Authority of India
OperatorDelhi International Airport Private Limited (DIAL)
ServesDelhi/ NCR
LocationDelhi, India
Hub for
Elevation AMSL777 ft / 237 m
Websitewww.newdelhiairport.in
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
10/28 12,795 3,900 Asphalt
09/27 13,780 4,200 Asphalt
11/29 14,764 4,500 Asphalt
Statistics (Apr '11 - Mar '12)
Passenger movements35,881,965
Aircraft movements345,143
Cargo tonnage600,045
Source: AAI[1][1][1]

Indira Gandhi International Airport (IATA: DEL, ICAO: VIDP) is the primary international airport of the National Capital Region of Delhi, India, situated in South-West Delhi, 16 km (10 mi) southwest of New Delhi city centre. Named after Indira Gandhi, the former Prime Minister of India, it is the busiest airport in India.[2] With the commencement of operations at the new Terminal 3, Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport has become India's and South Asia's largest and one of the most important aviation hub, with a current capacity of handling more than 46 million passengers and aimed at handling more than 100 million passengers by 2030. Along with Mumbai's Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, it handles more than half of the air traffic in South Asia.[3][4][5] The airport's operator, Delhi International Airport Private Limited (DIAL), is looking to make the airport the next international transit hub.[6]

Spread over an area of 5,220 acres (2,110 ha) of land, Delhi airport serves as the primary civilian aviation hub for the National Capital Region of India. It was previously operated by the Indian Air Force until its management was transferred to the Airport Authority of India.[7] In May 2006, the management of the airport was passed over to Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), a joint venture led by the GMR Group, which also has the responsibility for the airport's ongoing expansion and modernisation.[8]

In 2011-12, the airport handled 35.88 million passengers[9] and the planned expansion program will increase its capacity to handle 100 million passengers by 2030.[10] The new Terminal 3 building has had the capacity to handle an additional 34 million passengers annually since the start of the 2010 Commonwealth Games.[11] Terminal 3 is the world's 8th largest passenger terminal.[12] In September 2008, the airport inaugurated a 4.43 kilometre-long runway. In 2010, Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA) was conferred the fourth best airport award in the world in the 15–25 million category, and Best Improved Airport in the Asia-Pacific Region by Airport Council International.[13] In 2011, the IGIA was ranked the second-best airport in the world in the 25-40 million passengers category, again by Airport Council International.[14] Also in 2011, the airport was the 34th busiest in the world with 34,729,467 passengers handled, registering a 17.8% growth in traffic over the previous year.[15]

The Windows 8 app GMR Delhi Airport gives access to latest flight information and can be downloaded free of cost from Windows Store.[16]

History

Safdarjung Airport was built in 1930 and was the main airport for Delhi until 1962.[17] Due to increasing passenger traffic at Safdarjung, civilian operations were moved to Palam Airport (later renamed to IGIA) in 1962.[17] Palam Airport had been built during World War II as RAF Station Palam and after the British left, it served as an Air Force Station for the Indian Air Force.

Palam Airport had a peak capacity of around 1300 passengers per hour.[18] Owing to an increase in air traffic in the 1970s, an additional terminal with nearly four times the area of the old Palam terminal was constructed. With the inauguration of a new international terminal (Terminal 2), on 2 May 1986, the airport was renamed as Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA).

Public private partnership

On 31 Jan 2006, the aviation minister Praful Patel announced that the empowered Group of Ministers have agreed to sell the management-rights of Delhi Airport to the DIAL consortium and the Mumbai airport to the GVK-led consortium.[19]

On 2 May 2006, the management of Delhi and Mumbai airports were handed over to the private consortia.[20]

Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) is a consortium of the GMR Group (50.1%), Fraport AG (10%) and Malaysia Airports (10%),[21] India Development Fund (3.9%)[21] and the Airports Authority of India retains a 26% stake.[22]

Statistics

File:Map of IGI.jpg
A map of the airport terminals and surrounding areas

The old airport terminal is now known as Terminal 1 and handles domestic flights for all budget airlines. The terminal is divided into three separate terminals - 1A (for domestic flights of state owned Air India, MDLR and GoAir), 1B (was used by other domestic airlines, now closed and demolished), the Domestic Arrival Terminal (1C) and the newly constructed 1D (now used by all remaining domestic airlines). There is also a separate Technical Area for VVIP passengers. Additionally there is a separate terminal for Hajj flights.

Owing to the booming Indian Aviation industry and the entry of numerous low-cost private carriers, the airport saw a huge jump in passenger traffic and has failed to cope with the demand. The capacity of Terminal 1 is estimated to be 7.15 million passengers per annum (mppa). However, the actual throughput for 2005/06 was an estimated 10.4 million passengers. Including the international terminal (Terminal 2), the airport has a total capacity of 12.5 million passengers per year, whereas the total passenger traffic in 2006/07 was 16.5 million passengers per year[23] In 2008, total passenger count at the airport reached 23.97 million.

Runways

Delhi Airport has two parallel runways and a near-parallel runway: Runway 11/29 (14,794 ft (4500m)) with CAT IIIB ILS on both sides and the main runway 10/28 (12,795 ft (3,900 m)) as well as an auxiliary runway 09/27 (13,780 ft (4,200 m)). Runway 10/28 and Runway 11/29 are the only two in South Asia to have been equipped with the CAT III-B instrument landing system. In the winter of 2005 there were a record number of disruptions at Delhi airport due to fog/smog. Since then some domestic airlines have trained their pilots to operate under CAT-II conditions of a minimum 350 m (1,150 ft) visibility. On 31 March 2006, IGI became the first Indian airport to operate two runways simultaneously following a test run involving a SpiceJet plane landing on Runway 28 and a Jet Airways plane taking off from Runway 27 at the same time.

The initially proposed method of simultaneous takeoffs caused several near misses over west side of the airport where the centerlines of Runways 10/28 and 9/27 intersect. The runway use method was changed to segregate dependent mode from 25th Dec 2007 which was a few days after the deciding near miss involving a Qatar airways Airbus A330-200 and an Indigo A320 aircraft. The new method involved use of Runway 28 for all departures and Runway 27 for all arrivals. This method which was more streamlined was followed full-time till 24 September 2008.

On 21 August 2008, the airport inaugurated its 3rd runway 11/29 costing Rs 1000 crore[24] and 4.43 km long. The runway has one of the world's longest paved threshold displacement of 1460m. This inturn decreases the available landing length on Runway 29 to 2970m. The purpose of this large threshold displacemnt is primarily to reduce noise generated by landing aircraft over nearby localities. The runway increases the airport's capacity to handle 85 flights from the previous 54-60 flights per hour. The new runway was opened for commercial operations on 25 September 2008. Presently runways 11/29 and 10/28 operate in mixed mode where all low cost carrier and cargo aircraft use 10/28 and the rest use runway 11/29, runway 9/27 used as a taxiway and put in use as a runway only during unavailability of 11/29 or 10/28. Trials for simultaneous use of all the runways is expected to start on June 6, 2012. To reduce the stress on the airport's main runway 28/10 during peak hours, all three runways will be operated simultaneously.[25]

Terminals

IGI Airport is the home of several Indian airlines including Air India, Air India Regional, IndiGo, JetLite, SpiceJet, Jet Airways, Kingfisher Airlines, GoAir use IGI Airport as their secondary hub. Approximately 80 airlines serve this airport. At present there are two active scheduled passenger terminals, a dedicated Hajj terminal and a Cargo Terminal.

Terminal 1 – Domestic

Terminal 1 facilities are currently used by GoAir, IndiGo, SpiceJet and are split into two areas, Terminal 1D for departures and Terminal 1C for arrivals.

Terminal 1C

Terminal 1C is used only for domestic arrivals. The terminal has acquired a new greeting area with expanded space, and a bigger luggage reclaim area. It has 8 baggage carousels.

Terminal 1D Inside View
Terminal 1D
Terminal 1D

Terminal 1D is newly built interim domestic terminal with a total floor space of 36,000 m2 (390,000 sq ft) that has the capacity to handle 12 million passengers per year. Terminal 1D commenced operations on 15 April 2009. It has 72 Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE) enabled check-in counters, 16 self check in counters, 16 security channels.

Terminal 3 – Domestic and International

External videos
video icon Official Terminal 3 Video
An aerial view of the under construction Terminal 3. Completed in 37 months, it is the eighth largest airport terminal in the world
Terminal T3 of the Indira Gandhi International Airport

Opened in 2010, Terminal 3, a state-of-the-art and integrated future terminal, is the 24th largest building in the world[12] and 8th largest passenger terminal. It occupies an area of 540,000 m2 (5,800,000 sq ft), with a capacity to handle 36 million passengers annually.[11]

Designed by HOK working in consultation with Mott MacDonald,[26] the new Terminal 3 is a two-tier building spread over an area of 30 acres (12 ha), with the bottom floor being the arrivals area, and the top being a departures area. This terminal has 240 check-in counters, 78 aerobridges at 65 contact stands, 54 parking bays, 96 immigration counters, 15 X-ray screening areas, for less waiting times, duty-free shops, and other features.[27][28] Over 90% of passengers will use this terminal when completed. This new terminal had been completed in time for the 2010 Commonwealth Games, which were held in Delhi, and will be connected to Delhi by an eight-lane motorway (National Highway 8), and the Delhi Mass Rapid Transit System. The terminal was officially inaugurated on 3 July 2010, and there were nine flights to test the operational readiness of the new terminal and its ground handling capabilities. All international airlines shifted their operations to the new terminal in late July 2010, and all full service domestic carriers mid November onwards. The arrivals is equipped with 18 baggage carousels.

T3 has India's first automated parking management & guidance system in a multi level car park, which comprises 7 levels and a capacity of 6300 cars. The Parking System is designed & installed by M/s FAAC India Pvt. Ltd. under guidance of Mr. Deepak Kapoor MD & Mr. Ashfak Alam Product Manager in record time, in such a way that a person wishing to park can find space within 5 minutes with the help of an electronic dynamic signage.

Terminal 3 will form the first phase of the airport expansion in which a 'U' shaped building will be developed in a modular manner. In 2010, all international and full service domestic carriers started operating from Terminal 3, while Terminal 1 is dedicated to low cost operations. In subsequent stages, the low cost carriers will also move to the new terminal complex.

The much awaited go ahead for the domestic airlines to start operations from the new T3 terminal has been given. After passing many hurdles Air India which is also the national carrier started its domestic operations from the new T3 terminal from 11 November 2010. Two other airlines Jet and Kingfisher moved to the new terminal since 14 November 2010 for all their domestic operations. Terminal 1D is now used exclusively by low cost carrier airlines including GoAir.[29]

Hajj Terminal

Upon the annual Muslim pilgrimage of Hajj, specified flights move to this separate terminal to prevent disruption of other passengers who are traveling to other areas of the globe. A separate area has been made for Hajj to cater to the abundance of additional travelers during this season, and to accommodate them with enough provided space. It has a 10 million passengers per year capacity. It is used approximately two months starting from second month after the Eid-ul-Fitr every year, for 2011 it was started from 28 September 2011 onwards. Plans are underway to use the building for the remaining 10 months of the year as well.

Unused Terminal Facilities

Terminal 1A
Aerial view of Terminal 1A and 1B c.2006

Terminal 1A was built in the early 1990s to cater to Indian Airlines domestic flights only. It had to be refurbished after a fire gutted the interiors. DIAL, the owner of the airport, has significantly upgraded this terminal. It now sports a new look with modern washrooms and facilities, however will be torn down on the completion of newer terminals which are expected to finish construction in the coming years. It was formerly used by Air India Regional until it moved to the new Terminal 3 on 11 November 2010. It is closed and now its domestic flights have been shifted to terminal 1D.

Terminal 1B

Terminal 1B has been closed for operations after the opening up of Terminal 1D in April 2009.

Terminal 2

Opened on 1 May 1986, at a cost of Rs 95 crore,[17] it was also in desperate need of repair[citation needed]. This sign of distress was taken care of before the inauguration of the Terminal 3. The entire terminal has been upgraded. It has been repainted; glass windows have replaced the old dark ones; floors have been refitted with tiles, walls and ceilings now have new surfaces, more immigration and emigration counters have been implemented, new seats have been brought in, new baggage belts, more business lounges, eateries, and duty free shops had also been added, which have now moved to the newer Terminal 3. Terminal 2 will work in tandem with T3, until the proposed T4 terminal is built, upon which it will be demolished as per the proposed master plan.[30] The terminal is currently out of commission.

Planned Terminals

Terminal 6 and 5

Terminal 6 and 5 will be built at a later stage, which will be triggered by growth in traffic, and once completed, all international flights will move to these two new terminals, while Terminal 3 will then solely be used for handling domestic air traffic. A new cargo handling building is also planned. According to Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), these new terminals will increase the airport's annual passenger volume capacity to 100 million.[28]

Cargo Terminal

The Cargo Terminal is managed by Celebi Delhi Cargo Terminal Management India Pvt. Ltd. and handles all cargo operations. The airport received an award in 2007 for its excellent and organized cargo handling system. It is located at a distance of about 1 km from the main terminal T3.

Airlines and destinations

File:Check-in area.jpg
T3 Check in Area
File:T3 retail 2.jpg
T3 retail
Plaza lounge, Terminal 1D
Passenger Lounge
T3 Welcome Area
Directions to the gates
Sculpture at T3 terminal depicting twelve asanas of the Surya Namaskar, created by artist Nikhil Bhandari.[31]
File:Mudra-artwork-at-IGIA-T3.jpg
Nine Mudras by Ayush Kasliwal at the canyon wall.[32][33]

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsTerminal
Aeroflot Moscow-Sheremetyevo 3
Aerosvit Airlines Kiev-Boryspil 3
Air Arabia Sharjah 3
Air Astana Almaty 3
Air Austral Saint-Denis de la Réunion 3
Air China Beijing-Capital 3
Air France Paris-Charles de Gaulle 3
Air India Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, , Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Gaya, Goa, Gwalior, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Imphal, Indore, Jaipur, Jammu, Jodhpur, Khajuraho, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Leh, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Ranchi, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Tirupati, Udaipur, Varanasi, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam 3
Air India Abu Dhabi, Bahrain, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Chicago-O'Hare, Dammam, Dubai, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Jeddah, Kabul, Kathmandu, London-Heathrow, Muscat, New York-JFK, Osaka-Kansai, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Riyadh, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Tokyo-Narita, Toronto-Pearson (resumes 1 March 2013) [34] 3
Air India Regional Allahabad, Aurangabad, Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Kullu, Ludhiana, Pathankot, Port Blair, Surat, Vadodara 3
Air Koryo Pyongyang 3
Air Mauritius Mauritius 3
All Nippon Airways Tokyo-Narita 3
Ariana Afghan Airlines Kabul, Kandahar 3
Asiana Airlines Seoul-Incheon 3
Austrian Airlines
operated by Tyrolean Airways 		Vienna 3
Avia Traffic Bishkek 3
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka 3
British Airways London-Heathrow 3
Cathay Pacific Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Hong Kong 3
China Airlines Rome-Fiumicino, Taipei-Taoyuan 3
China Eastern Airlines Kunming, Shanghai-Pudong 3
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou 3
Druk Air Paro 3
Egypt Air Cairo 3
Emirates Dubai 3
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa, Hangzhou 3
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi 3
Finnair Helsinki 3
GoAir Ahmedabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Goa, Guwahati, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Leh, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Nanded, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Ranchi, Srinagar 1D
Gulf Air Bahrain 3
IndiGo Agartala, Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dibrugarh, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Imphal, Indore, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Muscat, Nagpur, Patna, Raipur, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Vadodara, Visakhapatnam 1D
IndiGo Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Dubai, Kathmandu, Singapore 3
Iraqi Airways Baghdad, Basrah 3
Jagson Airlines Chandigarh, Dharamsala, Kullu, Pantnagar, Shimla 1D
Japan Airlines Tokyo-Narita 3
Jet Airways Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Gorakhpur, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Khajuraho, Kochi, Kolkata, Leh, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Ranchi, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Udaipur, Vadodara, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam 3
Jet Airways Abu Dhabi, Bangkok, Brussels, Dammam, Dhaka, Doha, Dubai, Hong Kong, Kathmandu, London-Heathrow, Milan-Malpensa, Singapore, Toronto-Pearson 3
JetKonnect Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Dibrugarh, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jammu, Kathmandu, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Port Blair, Pune, Raipur, Srinagar, Vadodara 3
Kam Air Kabul 3
Kenya Airways Nairobi 3
KLM Amsterdam 3
Kuwait Airways Kuwait 3
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich 3
Mahan AirTehran-Imam Khomeini 3
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur 3
Mihin Lanka Colombo (begins 1 February 2013) 3
Oman Air Muscat 3
Pakistan International Airlines Karachi, Lahore 3
Philippine Airlines Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Manila 3
Qatar Airways Doha 3
Royal Jordanian Amman-Queen Alia 3
Safi AirwaysKabul 3
SaudiaDammam, Jeddah, Medina, Riyadh 3
Singapore Airlines Singapore 3
SpiceJet Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dehradun, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Madurai, Mangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Srinagar, Surat, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam 1D
SpiceJet Dubai, Kabul, Kathmandu 3
Sri Lankan Airlines Colombo 3
Swiss International Airlines Zürich 3
Thai Airways International Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi 3
Turkish Airlines Istanbul-Atatürk 3
Turkmenistan Airlines Ashgabat 3
United Airlines Newark 3
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent 3
Virgin Atlantic Airways London-Heathrow 3

Cargo services

File:T3 car gargage.jpg
Multi-Tier Parking at T3
AirlinesDestinations
AeroLogicBahrain, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle, Sharjah, Singapore
Blue Dart Aviation Ahmadabad, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bagdogra, Bhopal, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Nagpur, Raipur, Ranchi, Patna
British Airways World Cargo
operated by Global Supply Systems		Frankfurt, Hong Kong, London-Stansted
Cathay Pacific CargoBangalore, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Zaragoza
Deccan 360Mumbai
DHL ExpressBrussels, Cologne, Copenhagen, Dubai-International, Frankfurt, Leipzig/Halle, London-Stansted, Tbilisi
Etihad Crystal CargoAbu Dhabi
EVA Air Cargo Brussels, Frankfurt, Taipei-Taoyuan
FedEx ExpressChengdu, Dubai-International, Guangzhou
Finnair Cargo
operated by Nordic Global Airlines		Helsinki
Hong Kong AirlinesHong Kong
Kalitta AirAmsterdam, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Khabarovsk, Liege, Sharjah
Lufthansa CargoFrankfurt, Dhaka, Guangzhou, Krasnoyarsk
Martinair Cargo 1Amsterdam, Hong Kong, Sharjah
Thai Airways CargoBangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Frankfurt
Singapore Airlines CargoSingapore
TNT AirwaysLiege, Dubai-International
Turkish Airlines CargoIstanbul-Ataturk, Tashkent, Tbilisi
Uni-Top AirlinesWuhan
Uzbekistan Airways CargoTashkent
Yanda AirlinesBangkok-Suvarnabhumi

^1 - Martinair Cargo use KLM 747s on lease in full KL livery, the service however is MP's own and not KLM.

Ground transportation

Delhi Airport Express Train
Delhi Gurgaon Expressway
Rail

Metro
The airport was served by the Delhi Airport Metro Express train line. The 22.7 km line run from Terminal 3 to New Delhi railway station of Indian Railways in 20 minutes. The service had to be terminated temporarily effective 08.07.12 due to technical problems.[35]

Indian Railways
The closest Indian Railways station is Shahabad Mohammadpur (SMDP).[36] Also within distance is Palam Railway Station (PM)[37]

Road

The airport is connected by the 8-lane Delhi Gurgaon Expressway. Low floor AC buses operated by DTC regularly run between the airport and the city. Metered taxis are also available from the terminal to all areas of Delhi.

Fixed base operators (FBO)

Caterers

Fuelers

  • Indian Oil Skytanking Ltd.
  • Bharat Stars Services Pvt Ltd

Ground handlers

  • NACIL
  • Celebi Ground Handling Delhi Pvt. Ltd.
  • Cambata Aviation
  • BWFS

Incidents and accidents

  • 14 June 1972, Japan Airlines Flight 471 crashed outside of Palam Airport, killing 82 of 87 occupants; ten of eleven crew members and 72 of 76 passengers died, as did three people on the ground.[39]
  • 31 May 1973, Indian Airlines Flight 440 crashed while on approach to Palam Airport, killing 48 of the 65 passengers and crew on board.
  • On 7 May 1990, an Air India Boeing 747 flying on the London-Delhi-Mumbai route and carrying 215 people (195 passengers and 20 crew) touched down at Indira Gandhi International Airport after a flight from London's Heathrow Airport. On application of reverse thrust, a failure of the no. 1 engine pylon to wing attachment caused this engine to tilt nose down. Hot exhaust gases caused a fire on the left wing. There were no fatalities but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair and written off.[40]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Traffic stats for 2011
  2. ^ Delhi Airport busier than Mumbai by 40 flights a day
  3. ^ Saurabh Sinha, TNN, 10 July 2008, 03.54am IST (10 July 2008). "Delhi beats Mumbai to become busiest airport". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 24 August 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ "Delhi's IGIA edges ahead of Mumbai's CSIA as country's busiest airport". Domain-b.com. 1 September 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
  5. ^ Travel Biz Monitor: Mumbai airport gets ready for new innings
  6. ^ Business Standard (7 November 2011). "Not a stopover to snub, Delhi now wants to be a transit hub". Business-standard.com. Retrieved 24 January 2012. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  7. ^ Why they should stay with the Air Force
  8. ^ Mumbai, Delhi airport management to be handed over to pvt cos
  9. ^ "Airports Authority Of India" (PDF). Retrieved 30 May 2012.
  10. ^ Sky's the limit for India flight boom
  11. ^ a b "PM inaugurates new international airport terminal". Newdelhiairport.in. 2 August 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
  12. ^ a b [1]
  13. ^ [2]
  14. ^ "Crowning glory: IGI second best in world". The Times of India. 15 February 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  15. ^ Simon Rogers (4 May 2012). "The world's top 100 airports: listed, ranked and mapped | News | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
  16. ^ Delhi International Airport launches Windows 8 appThe application has a host of utility features such as real-time flight information, live weather information, and access to all passengers’ facilities available at the airport. This application can be downloaded absolutely free of cost from the Windows Store website.
  17. ^ a b c [3]
  18. ^ IGIA Customs-about IGI Airport
  19. ^ "Delhi, Mumbai airport modernisation — Efforts to ensure a smoother journey". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
  20. ^ "Mumbai, Delhi airport management to be handed over to pvt cos". news.outlookindia.com. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
  21. ^ a b "Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad". Malaysiaairports.com.my. 4 April 2006. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
  22. ^ Sandeep Sharma (31 March 2010). "Equipment India - India's first infrastructure equipment magazine". Constructionupdate.com. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
  23. ^ IGI Airport tops world in growth
  24. ^ Express News Service (22 August 2008). "Air India Boeing opens Rs 1,000 cr runway at IGIA". Express India. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
  25. ^ "IGI Airport to use all runways together". 5 June 2012.
  26. ^ "IGI Airport in India to unveil world's third largest terminal". World Interior Design Network. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
  27. ^ Delhi International Airport (P) Limited - GMR
  28. ^ a b DIAL to invest Rs 30,000 cr, build 4 new terminals in Delhi
  29. ^ TNN, 11 November 2010, 04.00am IST (11 November 2010). "Decks cleared for shift of operations to T3 - The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 18 November 2001.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ Master Plan Development
  31. ^ Indian Express (04-09-2010). Destination Delhi.
  32. ^ Wall Street Journal (28-07-2010). Q&A: Delhi Airport’s ‘Hands’ Sculpture.
  33. ^ Indian Express (26-06-2010). Friendly Gestures.
  34. ^ by JL (21 September 2012). "Air India Extends Toronto Service Suspension into 13Q1 | Airline Route – Worldwide Airline Route Updates". Airlineroute.net. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
  35. ^ Website Airport Metro Express Delhi
  36. ^ "Shahabad Mohamadpur/SMDP Railway Station Satellite Map - India Rail Info - A Busy Junction for Travellers & Rail Enthusiasts". India Rail Info. 26 April 2010. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  37. ^ "Palam/PM Railway Station Satellite Map - India Rail Info - A Busy Junction for Travellers & Rail Enthusiasts". India Rail Info. 26 April 2010. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  38. ^ Aviation Safety Network retrieved 28 May 2008
  39. ^ 14 JUN 1972 Douglas DC-8-53 Japan Air Lines - JAL Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 23 March 2009
  40. ^ Aviation Safety
  41. ^ Burns, John F. (5 May 1997). "One Jet in Crash Over India Ruled Off Course". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 May 2010.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

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28°33′16″N 77°5′58″E / 28.55444°N 77.09944°E / 28.55444; 77.09944


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