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Khachapuri

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Khachapuri
Adjaran open khachapuri
TypePie
Courseappetizer/street food
Place of originGeorgia
Region or stateCaucasus
Serving temperaturehot
Main ingredientsCheese, eggs, bread
Variationsopen, closed
Georgian cuisine
ქართული სამზარეულო
Dishes and sauces
Wines and drinks
Other

Khachapuri (Georgian: ხაჭაპური [xɑtʃʼɑpʼuri] ⓘ from ხაჭო xach'o "curds" + პური p'uri "bread") is a traditional Georgian dish of cheese-filled bread. The bread is leavened and allowed to rise, and is shaped in various ways, usually with cheese in the middle and a crust which is ripped off and used to dip in the cheese. The filling contains cheese (fresh or aged, most commonly sulguni), eggs and other ingredients.[1] It is Georgia's national dish.

According to a 2009 survey, 88% of Georgians prefer khachapuri to pizza. It is more popular among men and older people.[2] As a Georgian staple food, the price of making khachapuri is used as a measure of inflation in different Georgian cities by the Khachapuri index, developed by the International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University.[3][4]

Types

There are several distinctive types of khachapuri in Georgian food from different regions of Georgia:

  • Imeretian (Imeruli) khachapuri, which is circular and probably the most common type.
  • Adjarian (Acharuli/Adjaruli) khachapuri, in which the dough is formed into an open boat shape and the hot pie is topped with a raw egg and a pat of butter before serving.
  • Mingrelian (Megruli) khachapuri, similar to Imeritian but with more cheese added on top.
  • Achma, from Abkhazia, which has multiple layers and looks more like a sauceless lasagna.
  • Gurian (Guruli) khachapuri has boiled eggs inside the dough and looks like a calzone. Arguably, it is not a type of khachapuri. Gurians make them for Christmas and call them simply 'Christmas pie'. In the rest of Georgia, it is called 'Gurian pie'.
  • Ossetian (Osuri) khachapuri, which has potato, as well as cheese in its filling. It is commonly called Khabizgini.
  • Svanuri khachapuri
  • Rachuli khachapuri
  • Penovani khachapuri is made with puff pastry dough, resulting in a flaky variety of the pie.

Outside of Georgia

Khachapuri restaurant in Kraków.

Khachapuri is popular in the post-Soviet states, including in Russia.[5][6] It was reported that 175,000 khachapuris were consumed during the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.[7] Khachapuri is a popular street food in Armenia, where it is widely served at restaurants and school cafeterias.[8] It has become increasingly popular as a brunch food in Israel.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ Goldstein, Darra. The Georgian feast: the vibrant culture and savory food of the Republic of Georgia. 1999: University of California Press. pp. 136–139. ISBN 0-520-21929-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  2. ^ Kakabadze, David (5 January 2009). "Georgians Still Prefer Khachapuri To Pizza". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. At the same time, 97 percent of khachapuri lovers are older than 40, while 28 percent of young people prefer pizza. Pizza appears to be more popular among women than among men.
  3. ^ Svensson, Therese (April–May 2010). "Tracking monetary policy one big mac - and one khachapuri - at a time". Investor.ge. American Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  4. ^ "Khachapuri Index Project". International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  5. ^ Mosolova, Tanya (15 April 1998). "WHAT IS IT? : Georgian Cheese Pies Come in Many Varieties". The Moscow Times. One of the indispensable dishes of a celebratory meal in Georgia, khachapuri, has become very popular in Russia as well.
  6. ^ Bryant, Jordan (2 March 2013). "Хачапури: The Big Cheese!". sras.org. Woodside, CA: School of Russian and Asian Studies. Archived from the original on 18 November 2014.
  7. ^ В Сочи гости Олимпиады съели 175 тысяч хачапури и 34 тонны шашлыка. Argumenty i Fakty (in Russian). 24 February 2014.
  8. ^ Grigoryan, Hasmik (7 August 2011). Ի՞նչ է մատուցվում այսօր դպրոցների բուֆետներում (in Armenian). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Armenian Service. ....վաճառվում են հիմնականում բուլկեղեն, խաչապուրի, կարկանդակ, հոթ դոգ ու նույնիսկ մաստակ ու չիպսեր:
  9. ^ Norris, Anna (3 July 2014). "10 mouthwatering dishes of Israel you should really try". From The Grapevine.
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