List of state leaders in 1998

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This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1998.

Africa

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

South America

References

  1. ^ Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
  2. ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971, until then the monarch was titled Hakim of Bahrain.
  3. ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
  4. ^ Brunei only became independent in 1984.
  5. ^ Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
  6. ^ The position of the Chairman was declared to be the "highest office of state" by the constitution that came into effect on 5 September 1998.
  7. ^ In exile between 1990 and 1991.
  8. ^ In exile between 1990 and 1991.
  9. ^ Kyrgyzstan only became independent in 1991.
  10. ^ Turkmenistan only became independent in 1991.
  11. ^ Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
  12. ^ Ali Abdullah Saleh was President of North Yemen until 1990.
  13. ^ Armenia only became independent in 1991.
  14. ^ Croatia only became independent in 1991.
  15. ^ Abkhazia only declared independence on 23 July 1992.
  16. ^ Helmut Kohl was Chancellor of West Germany until 1990.
  17. ^ Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
  18. ^ Russia only became independent in 1991.
  19. ^ The capital was retaken by Russia in 2000 and Maskhadov was in hiding afterwards.
  20. ^ Slovenia only became independent in 1991.
  21. ^ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
  22. ^ Palau only became independent in 1994.
  23. ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.

External links

Template:Lists of 20th-century state leaders