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Reverted to revision 558353960 by Betty Logan: There is no proof that Hitler stopped being a vegetarian so he doesn't belong in this section. (TW)
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|Portugal
|Portugal
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rtp.pt/gdesport/?article=610&visual=3&topic=1 |title=Os Grandes Portugueses |publisher=Rtp.pt |date= |accessdate=19 February 2010 |archiveurl=http://archive.is/UHvT |archivedate=2012-06-30 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rtp.pt/gdesport/?article=610&visual=3&topic=1 |title=Os Grandes Portugueses |publisher=Rtp.pt |date= |accessdate=19 February 2010 |archiveurl=http://archive.is/UHvT |archivedate=2012-06-30 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
⚫
|-
⚫
! scope="row" |[[Adolf Hitler]]
⚫
|Politician
⚫
|Germany
⚫
|<ref name="New Statesman">{{cite news
⚫
| last = Wilson
⚫
| first = Bee
⚫
| title = Mein Diat&nbsp;— Adolf Hitler's diet
⚫
| publisher = New Statesman
⚫
| date = 9 October 1988
⚫
| url = http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FQP/is_n4406_v127/ai_21238666
⚫
| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20050321091219/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FQP/is_n4406_v127/ai_21238666
⚫
| archivedate = 21 March 2005
⚫
| accessdate = 18 September 2007
⚫
}}</ref><ref name="Homesandgarden">{{cite news
⚫
| last = Phayre
⚫
| first = Ignatius
⚫
| title = Hitler's Mountain Home
⚫
| pages = 193–195
⚫
| publisher = Homes & Gardens
⚫
|date=November 1938}}</ref><ref>Hitler, A., & Cameron, Norman (2000). Hitler's Table Talk. Enigma Books. ISBN 1-929631-05-7</ref><ref name="Goebbels">{{cite book
⚫
| last = Goebbels
⚫
| first = Joseph
⚫
| coauthor = Louis P. Lochner (trans.)
⚫
| title = The Goebbels Diaries
⚫
| publisher = Charter Books
⚫
| year = 1993
⚫
| isbn = 0-441-29550-9
⚫
| page = 679
⚫
}}</ref><ref name="Table Talk">{{cite book
⚫
| last = Hitler
⚫
| first = Adolph
⚫
| coauthor = Hugh Trevor-Roper (trans.)
⚫
| work = Section 66
⚫
| title = Hitler's Table Talk: 1941-1944
⚫
| publisher = Enigma Books
⚫
| year = 2000
⚫
| isbn = 1-929631-05-7
⚫
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
⚫
| last = Degrelle
⚫
| first = Léon
⚫
| authorlink = Léon Degrelle
⚫
| title = The Enigma of Hitler
⚫
| publisher = "Friends of Léon Degrelle" Cultural Association
⚫
| url = http://libreopinion.com/members/leondegrelle/theenigmaofhitler.html
⚫
| accessdate = 18 September 2007
}} {{dead link |url=http://libreopinion.com/members/leondegrelle/theenigmaofhitler.html|date=April 2013}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|See also: the ''[[Vegetarianism of Adolf Hitler]]''. |group="nb"}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" |[[Isa Hoes]]
! scope="row" |[[Isa Hoes]]
Line 1,155: Line 1,108:
|[[Author]], [[Animal rights|animal rights advocate]]
|[[Author]], [[Animal rights|animal rights advocate]]
|Austria
|Austria
|<ref name="Patterson (2002)">Patterson, C., 2002. ''Eternal Treblinka: Our Treatment of Animals and the Holocaust'', Lantern Books, New York.</ref>{{rp|pages=220–222}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.animalliberationfront.com/ALFront/Interviews/A%20Conversation%20with%20Dr%20Helmut%20Kaplan.htm |title=A Conversation with Dr Helmut Kaplan |archiveurl=http://archive.is/Ub4K |archivedate=2012-07-17 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
|<ref name="Patterson (2002)"/>{{rp|pages=220–222}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.animalliberationfront.com/ALFront/Interviews/A%20Conversation%20with%20Dr%20Helmut%20Kaplan.htm |title=A Conversation with Dr Helmut Kaplan |archiveurl=http://archive.is/Ub4K |archivedate=2012-07-17 |deadurl=no}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" |[[Kareena Kapoor]]
! scope="row" |[[Kareena Kapoor]]
Line 2,695: Line 2,648:
|United States
|United States
|<ref name="henryford">Kiley, David. {{cite web |url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/autos/2003-06-10-ford-side_x.htm |title=First Henry Ford had wide-ranging interests |archiveurl=http://archive.is/rSq2 |archivedate=2012-09-14 |deadurl=no}} ''usatoday.com''. 10 June 2003.</ref>{{#tag:ref|"Ford, not a vegetarian, was obsessed with soybeans […]"<ref name="Iacobbo & Iacobbo (2004)"/>{{rp|page=157}} |group="nb"}}
|<ref name="henryford">Kiley, David. {{cite web |url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/autos/2003-06-10-ford-side_x.htm |title=First Henry Ford had wide-ranging interests |archiveurl=http://archive.is/rSq2 |archivedate=2012-09-14 |deadurl=no}} ''usatoday.com''. 10 June 2003.</ref>{{#tag:ref|"Ford, not a vegetarian, was obsessed with soybeans […]"<ref name="Iacobbo & Iacobbo (2004)"/>{{rp|page=157}} |group="nb"}}
⚫
|-
⚫
! scope="row" |[[Adolf Hitler]]
⚫
|Politician
⚫
|Germany
⚫
|<ref name="New Statesman">{{cite news
⚫
| last = Wilson
⚫
| first = Bee
⚫
| title = Mein Diat&nbsp;— Adolf Hitler's diet
⚫
| publisher = New Statesman
⚫
| date = 9 October 1988
⚫
| url = http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FQP/is_n4406_v127/ai_21238666
⚫
| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20050321091219/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FQP/is_n4406_v127/ai_21238666
⚫
| archivedate = 21 March 2005
⚫
| accessdate = 18 September 2007
⚫
}}</ref><ref name="Homesandgarden">{{cite news
⚫
| last = Phayre
⚫
| first = Ignatius
⚫
| title = Hitler's Mountain Home
⚫
| pages = 193–195
⚫
| publisher = Homes & Gardens
⚫
|date=November 1938}}</ref><ref>Hitler, A., & Cameron, Norman (2000). Hitler's Table Talk. Enigma Books. ISBN 1-929631-05-7</ref><ref name="Goebbels">{{cite book
⚫
| last = Goebbels
⚫
| first = Joseph
⚫
| coauthor = Louis P. Lochner (trans.)
⚫
| title = The Goebbels Diaries
⚫
| publisher = Charter Books
⚫
| year = 1993
⚫
| isbn = 0-441-29550-9
⚫
| page = 679
⚫
}}</ref><ref name="Table Talk">{{cite book
⚫
| last = Hitler
⚫
| first = Adolph
⚫
| coauthor = Hugh Trevor-Roper (trans.)
⚫
| work = Section 66
⚫
| title = Hitler's Table Talk: 1941-1944
⚫
| publisher = Enigma Books
⚫
| year = 2000
⚫
| isbn = 1-929631-05-7
⚫
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
⚫
| last = Degrelle
⚫
| first = Léon
⚫
| authorlink = Léon Degrelle
⚫
| title = The Enigma of Hitler
⚫
| publisher = "Friends of Léon Degrelle" Cultural Association
⚫
| url = http://libreopinion.com/members/leondegrelle/theenigmaofhitler.html
⚫
| accessdate = 18 September 2007
}} {{dead link |url=http://libreopinion.com/members/leondegrelle/theenigmaofhitler.html|date=April 2013}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|However, there is evidence that Hitler always ate stuffed squab, liver dumplings, Bavarian sausages, caviar, ham, cheese, butter and milk. After Hitler came to power German vegetarian groups were suppressed and their leaders arrested. See: Berry (2004)<ref name="Berry (2004)">Berry, R., 2004. ''Hitler: Neither Vegetarian Nor Animal Lover'', Pythagorean Publishers.</ref> & Patterson (2002).<ref name="Patterson (2002)">Patterson, C., 2002. ''Eternal Treblinka: Our Treatment of Animals and the Holocaust'', Lantern Books, New York.</ref>{{rp|pages=109–135}} See also: the ''[[Vegetarianism of Adolf Hitler]]''. |group="nb"}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" |[[Michael Jackson]]
! scope="row" |[[Michael Jackson]]

Revision as of 16:45, 8 June 2013

"Vegetarians" redirects here. For a vegetarian's diet, see Vegetarianism.

This is a list of notable people who have been reported to have adhered to a vegetarian diet at some point during their life. In the cases where a person's vegetarian status is disputed or they no longer adhere to a vegetarian diet, this is noted next to their entry as disputed or former. Even though the vegetarian diet encompasses veganism, this list does not include those who are identified as vegan, who are listed separately.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Mohandas Gandhi, an Indian political leader
Christine Lagarde, a French director general of the International Monetary Fund
Paul McCartney, a British singer-songwriter and former member of The Beatles
Martina Navratilova, a Czech American tennis player
Lo Wing-lok, Hong Kong doctor and politician
Surya Bonaly, a French professional figure skater
Forest Whitaker, an Academy Award winning American actor
Natalie Portman, an American-Israeli actress
Gustav Struve, a German revolutionary
Jane Goodall, a British primatologist
Pythagoras of Samos, a Greek philosopher credited with the discovery of Pythagoras' theorem
Shania Twain, a Canadian singer
George Bernard Shaw, an Irish playwright
Kate Bush, a British singer-songwriter
Leo Tolstoy, a Russian novelist
Sharon den Adel, a Dutch singer
Herschel Walker, an American football player
Nicolette Kluijver, a Dutch television presenter
Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian polymath, best known for his work as an artist including the Mona Lisa
Georgina Verbaan, a Dutch actress
Abraham Isaac Kook, the first Ashkenazi chief rabbi of the British Mandate for Palestine, born in Latvia
Anni-Frid Lyngstad, a Norwegian singer and member of Swedish pop group ABBA
Frederik van Eeden, a Dutch writer and psychiatrist
Julie Christie, a British actress
Francisco van Jole, a Dutch journalist
Isadora Duncan, an American dancer often credited as the creator of modern dance
Jaime de Magalhães Lima, a Portuguese writer and Tolstoyan
Leona Lewis, a British singer and winner of the third series of The X Factor
Amílcar de Sousa, a Portuguese physician, president of the first Portuguese vegetarian society
Mojo Mathers, a New Zealand politician
Antoni Gaudí, a Spanish Catalan architect
Shanna Moakler, an American model crowned Miss USA 1995 and Playboy Playmate in 2001
John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople, an important Early Church Father
Gao Yuanyuan, Chinese actress
Lord Byron, a British poet
Esther Ouwehand, a Dutch politician
Dick Gregory, an American comedian
John Harvey Kellogg, an American doctor, best known as the inventor of corn flakes
Gabe Saporta, a Uruguayan musician, lead singer of the synthpop band Cobra Starship
José Mujica, President of Uruguay since 2010

Active vegetarians

A–F

Name Occupation Country Source
Scott Adams Author and creator of the Dilbert comic strip United States [1]
Sharon den Adel Singer-songwriter, fashion designer Netherlands [2]
Shmuel Yosef Agnon Nobel Prize laureate writer and was one of the central figures of modern Hebrew fiction Israel [3]: 171–172 
Dianna Agron Actress, singer, dancer United States [4]
eden ahbez Songwriter, recording artist United States [5]: 171 [6][7]
Damon Albarn Musician, record producer, composer United Kingdom [8]
William Andrus Alcott Educator, physician, author United States [5]: 34–44 [9]
Quinn Allman Musician, producer United States [10]
Lauren Anderson Model United States [11]
Apollonius of Tyana Neopythagorean philosopher Greece [12]: 30–35 
Christina Applegate Actress United States [13][14]
Johnny Appleseed Pioneer, missionary and gardener United States [5]: 6–7 [15][16]: 184–186, 307–310 
Joan Armatrading Singer-songwriter United Kingdom [17]
Nadja Auermann Model and actress Germany [18][19]
Thaila Ayala Actress, model Brazil [20]
Amitabh Bachchan Actor, producer, singer, television presenter India [21]
Bae Jong-ok Actress South Korea [22]
Nic Balthazar Film director, television and radio presenter Belgium [23]
The Giving Tree Band Indie folk-rock group United States [24]
Arnaldo Baptista Singer-songwriter, musician Brazil [25]
Bob Barker Game show host United States [26]
Basil of Caesarea Bishop of Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) Turkey [27]: 159–160 [28]: 78 
Rabia Basri Muslim saint and Sufi mystic Iraq [29][30]
Jeff Beck Musician, songwriter, actor United Kingdom [31]
Conrad Beissel Religious leader Germany [5]: 3 
Raja Bell Professional basketball player United States [32]
Lexi Belle Pornographic actress United States [33]
Hilary Benn Politician United Kingdom [34]
Elizabeth Berkley Actress United States [35]
Annie Besant Prominent British Theosophist, women's rights activist, writer and orator and supporter of Irish and Indian self-rule United Kingdom [36]: 99–107 
Traci Bingham Actress/Model United States [37]
Pippa Black Actress Australia [38]
Kees Boeke Reformist educator, Quaker missionary and pacifist Netherlands [39]: 240 
Michael Bolton Singer, songwriter United States [40]
Surya Bonaly Professional figure skater France [41]
Cory Booker Politician United States [42]
Bramwell Booth Chief of the Staff of The Salvation Army United Kingdom [43]
Paulo Borges Portuguese article Professor, essayist, philosopher, poet, writer Portugal [44]
Magnus Børmark Member of the Norwegian band Gåte Norway [45]
Wouter Bos Politician, Management consultant Netherlands [nb 1]
Jacques Boyer Professional bicycle racer who, in 1981, was the first American to participate in the Tour de France United States [47]
Claudia de Breij Comedian, show host and radio disk jockey Netherlands [nb 2]
Eva Briegel Singer and member of the rock band Juli Germany [49]
Christie Brinkley Model, actress, designer United States [50]
Saint John de Brito Jesuit missionary and martyr Portugal [27]: 198 [51]: 28–29, 203 [51]: 295–300 [51]: 350–358 
Peter Brock One of Australia's best-known and most successful motor racing drivers Australia [52]
Luitzen E.J. Brouwer Mathematician and philosopher Netherlands [39]: 236 
Chris Browne Comic strip artist and cartoonist who writes and draws the comic strip Hägar the Horrible United States [53]
Gautama Buddha Spiritual teacher on whose teachings Buddhism was founded Nepal [29][36]: 11–88 [54]: 21–23 [55]: 17–21 [56]: 50–57 [nb 3]
Kathalijne Buitenweg Politician Netherlands [57]
Enrique Bunbury Rock singer-songwriter Spain [58]
Peter Burwash Former tennis player, current tennis coach, television commentator, motivational speaker, writer Canada [59]
Kate Bush Musician, vocalist, songwriter, record producer United Kingdom [60]
Lauren Bush Model, Designer, niece of former President George W. Bush United States [61][62][63][64]
Marco Fabio Calvo Italian article Philologist, friend of Raphael Italy [65]
Julia Carling Journalist and television presenter United Kingdom [66]
Edward Carpenter Poet, anthologist, early gay activist and socialist philosopher United Kingdom [55]: 79–80 [67]: 256–266, 276 
Paul Carton Physician France [68]
Dan Castellaneta Voice actor, writer, actor, comedian, singer United States [69]
Saint Catherine of Siena Tertiary of the Dominican Order, and a Scholastic philosopher and theologian Italy [27]: 167–168 [28]: 89 
Cláudio Cavalcanti Portuguese article Actor, director, producer, writer, translator, singer, broadcaster, politician Brazil [70]
Stephen Chan Chi Wan General manager of Television Broadcasts Limited, CEO of Commercial Radio Hong Kong Hong Kong [71]
Jacky Cheung Singer, actor, songwriter Hong Kong [72]
Sri Chinmoy Spiritual teacher, poet, artist, athlete India [73]
Michael Guy Chislett Musician, songwriter, Producer Australia [74]
Julie Christie Actress United Kingdom [75][76]
Saint John Chrysostom Important Early Church Father Turkey [28]: 79 [67]: 124 
Alexa Chung Television presenter, model and contributing editor at British Vogue United Kingdom [77]
Daniël de Clercq Socialist and activist Netherlands [78]
Sue Coe Artist, illustrator United Kingdom [79]
J. M. Coetzee Novelist, essayist, literary critic, linguist, translator South Africa [80]: 63–65 [81]
Rabbi David Cohen Rabbi, talmudist, philosopher, and kabbalist Israel [3]: 172 [82]
She'ar Yashuv Cohen Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Haifa, Israel Israel [3]: 172–173 [82]
Sandra Cóias Portuguese article Actress, model Portugal [83]
John Coltrane Saxophonist, composer, bandleader United States [84]
Pedro Indíveri Colucci Portuguese article Doctor, one of the primary initiators of Naturopathy and Alternative Medicine in Portugal Portugal [85][86]
Pat Condell Writer, political commentator, comedian and atheist internet personality United Kingdom [nb 4]
Confucius Teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history China [88][89]
Abbie Cornish Actress Australia [90]
António Gonçalves Correia Portuguese article Essayist, poet, humanist Portugal [91]
Hugo Brandt Corstius Author Netherlands [92]
Elvis Costello Musician, singer-songwriter, record producer United Kingdom [93]
Roger Crab Haberdasher, herbal doctor and writer United Kingdom [94]: 26–38 
Ernest Howard Crosby Reformer and author United States [5]: 143–147 
Peter Cushing Actor United Kingdom [95]
Chuck D Rapper, publisher, lecturer, activist, record producer United States [96][97]
Thomas D. Rapper in the German hip hop group Die Fantastischen Vier Germany [98]
Eugen d'Albert German pianist and composer Germany [nb 5]
Jeru the Damaja Rapper and recording artist United States [100]
Georg Friedrich Daumer Poet and philosopher Germany [101]: 282–286 
Morarji Desai Indian independence activist and the fourth Prime Minister of India from 1977–79 India [102]
Floortje Dessing Presenter, TV producer, interpreter Netherlands [103]
Peter Dinklage Actor United States [104]
Mike Dirnt Musician, songwriter United States [105]
Eliza Doolittle Singer-songwriter United Kingdom [106][107][108]
David D'Or Musician, vocalist, composer, songwriter Israel [109]
Pia Douwes Musical theatre actress Netherlands [48]
Muriel Dowding, Baroness Dowding Animal rights activist United Kingdom [110]: 137–151 
Anna Drijver Model, Actress Netherlands [111]
Michael Clarke Duncan Actor, voice actor United States [112]
Isadora Duncan Dancer, considered by many to be the creator of modern dance United States [113]
Frederik van Eeden Late 19th century and early 20th century Dutch writer and psychiatrist Netherlands [114]
Michael Eisner Businessman, former CEO of The Walt Disney Company United States [115]
Empedocles Pre-Socratic philosopher and a citizen of Agrigentum, a Greek city in Sicily Greece [12]: 30–32 [28]: 41–42 [67]: 64–66 
Selma Ergeç actress, beauty pageant titleholder, model, designer, philologist, psychologist, doctor Turkey [116]
Kevin Eubanks Musician United States [117]
Joshua Evans Quaker minister, journalist, and abolitionist United States [118]: 40 [5]: 7 
Henri W.PH.E. van den Bergh van Eysinga Revolutionary and a philosophical writer Netherlands [39]: 228 
Corey Feldman Actor United States [119]
Adam Ferguson Scottish philosopher and historian of the Scottish Enlightenment United Kingdom [101]: 208 [120]: 204–206 
Vanessa Ferlito Actress United States [121]
Carlos Dias Fernandes Portuguese article Poet, novelist, short story writer, biographer, educator Brazil [122],[123]
Ardisson Ferreira Portuguese article Physician, surgeon, writer, artist Portugal [124]
Marsilio Ficino One of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance Italy [125]
Doug Fieger Musician, songwriter, member of New Wave rock quartet The Knack United States [126]
Viscount de Figaniére Portuguese article Diplomat, writer, historian, poet, philosopher Portugal [127]
Jon Fitch Mixed martial artist United States [128]
Jerome Flynn Actor United Kingdom [129]
Jonathan Safran Foer Novelist, short story writer United States [130]
Alina Foley Actress, daughter of Dave Foley United States [131]
Desmond Ford Evangelical Christian and an Australian theologian Australia [132][133]
Thomas Ignatius Maria Forster Astronomer and naturalist United Kingdom [94]: 374–375 
J. D. Fortune Musician Canada [134]
Jorja Fox Actress, musician, songwriter United States [135][136]
Sage Francis Rapper, Spoken word artist United States [137]
Saint Francis of Paola Mendicant friar and the founder of the Roman Catholic Order of Minims Italy [27]: 146 
Sadie Frost Actress United Kingdom [138]

G–L

Name Occupation Country Source
Gaahl Musician Norway [139]
Mohandas Gandhi Indian spiritual and political leader India [140]: .xii [141]
Gao Yuanyuan Actress China [142]
Antoni Gaudí Catalan architect and figurehead of Catalan Modernism Spain [143]
John Gay Poet and dramatist and member of the Scriblerus Club United Kingdom [101]: 115–119 
Don Gerritsen United Nations Representative Netherlands [144]
Philip Glass Composer United States [145]
Bobcat Goldthwait Actor, comedian, screenwriter, film director, television director United States [146]
Lewis Gompertz Inventor and a founding member of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals United Kingdom [147]
João Gordo Singer-songwriter, musician, talk show host Brazil [148]
Shlomo Goren Chief Rabbi of the Military Rabbinate of the IDF Israel [3]: 104, 173–174 [82]
Dave Gorman Author, comedian United Kingdom [149]
Angela Gossow Singer-songwriter, manager, journalist Germany [150][151]
Lawrence Gowan Musician, songwriter Canada [152][153][time needed]
Sylvester Graham Dietary reformer United States [5]: 15–70 [36]: 141–148 
Percy Grainger Composer, arranger and pianist Australia [154]: 78–79 
Dion Graus Politician and animal rights activist Netherlands [155]
Anthony the Great Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers Egypt [27]: 22–23 [nb 6]
Ashoka the Great Emperor of the Maurya Dynasty India [12]: 75–77 [36]

: 14–15 [54]: 22–23 [55]: 19–20 [56]: 55–57 

Dick Gregory Comedian, social activist, social critic, writer, and entrepreneur United States [36]: 215–218 
Angela Groothuizen Singer, actress, television personality Netherlands [157]
Benjamin Grosvenor Musician United Kingdom [158]
Chin Chin Gutierrez Television and Film Actress, Philippines [159]
GZA Lyricist, rapper, songwriter United States [160]
Ha Okio Musician, singer-song writer, music producer, actor, social activist Vietnam [161]
Alexander Hacke Musician, record producer Germany [162]
Sarah Jane Hamilton Pornographic actress United Kingdom [163]
Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish Founder of the religious movement known as Mazdaznan United States [164]
Neil Harbisson Catalan-raised, Northern Ireland-born artist, musician and performer United Kingdom [165]
George Harrison Musician, singer-songwriter, actor, record and film producer, member of the The Beatles United Kingdom [166]
Lenie 't Hart Animal rights activist Netherlands [167]
Maarten 't Hart Biologist, author Netherlands [nb 7]
David Hartley Philosopher and founder of the Associationist school of psychology United Kingdom [169]: 207–209 [nb 8]
Anne Hathaway Actress United States [171]
Maud Hawinkels Dutch article Television presenter Netherlands [57]
John Hawkesworth Writer United Kingdom
Philippe Hecquet French article Physician France [169]: 177 
Sadeq Hedayat Writer of prose fiction and short stories Iran [172]
Martin van Hees Philosopher and professor of ethics at the University of Groningen Netherlands [173][174]
Marijke Helwegen Dutch article Media personality Netherlands [57]
Antoinette Hertsenberg Dutch article Presenter, animal rights advocate Netherlands [nb 9]
Hesiod Oral poet Greece [176]
Missy Higgins Singer-songwriter, musician Australia [177][178]
Saint Hilarion Anchorite Egypt [27]: 24–25 
Padre Himalaya Portuguese article Scientist, inventor Portugal [179]
Isa Hoes Actress, voice actress Netherlands [103]
Amanda Holden Actress, presenter United Kingdom [180]
Jens Holm Politician Sweden [181]
Henriette Roland Holst Poet, political activist Netherlands [39]: 230 
Fred Vasques Homem Portuguese article Physician, writer Portugal [182]
Horace Lyric poet Italy [29]
John Howard Philanthropist and the first English prison reformer United Kingdom [183]
Barbie Hsu Actress, Singer, Host Taiwan [71]
Henny Huisman Television presenter Netherlands [184]
Iamblichus Neoplatonist philosopher Syria [185]
Frank Iero Musician, member of My Chemical Romance United States [186]
Michael Imperioli Actor, television writer United States [187]
Ewout Irrgang Politician, anti-globalization activist Netherlands [188]
Ellen Jabour Portuguese article Model, television presenter Portugal [189]
Susan Saint James Actress, activist United States [110]: 47–58 
Reid Jamieson Singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist Canada [190]
Dolf Jansen Comedian Netherlands [184]
Froukje Jansen Dutch article Presenter, actress, gymnast Netherlands [nb 10]
JeA Singer, dancer, member of Brown Eyed Girls South Korea [192][193][194]
Joan Jett Singer-songwriter, musician United States [195]
Éder Jofre Retired professional boxer and former Bantamweight and Featherweight Champion Brazil [196]
Cisca Joldersma Dutch article Scientist, politician Netherlands [197]
Francisco van Jole Dutch article Journalist, television presenter Netherlands [184]
Watkin Tudor Jones Musician South Africa [198]
Corien Jonker Dutch article Politician Netherlands [199]
Ângelo Jorge Portuguese article Writer Portugal [200]
Kabīr Weaver, poet India [12]: 47–49 
Alter Kacyzne Jewish (Yiddish) writer, poet, and photographer Lithuania [3]: 171 
Franz Kafka Insurance officer, factory manager, novelist, short story writer Austria [201]
Eliezer Kamenesky Portuguese article Poet, actor, musician, promoter of naturism Portugal [202]
Antonie Kamerling Actor, musician Netherlands [203]
Helmut F. Kaplan German article Author, animal rights advocate Austria [204]: 220–222 [205]
Kareena Kapoor Actress India [206]
Shahid Kapoor Actor, Dancer India [207]
Charlotte Karlinder German article Television presenter Germany [208]
Bill Kaulitz & Tom Kaulitz Singer, Songwriters, Activists, Guitarist, members of Tokio Hotel Germany [209]
Matt Kean Musician, member of Bring Me the Horizon United Kingdom [210][211]
Henk Keilman Dutch article Entrepreneur, author, chairman of the board of the Dutch Vegetarian Society Netherlands [184][212]
Jort Kelder Dutch article Journalist, columnist, presenter, magazine editor Netherlands [203]
John Harvey Kellogg Physician, inventor of corn flakes breakfast cereal United States [36]: 149–158 
Kesha Singer-songwriter United States [213]
Mensje van Keulen Dutch article Writer Netherlands [57]
Masta Killa Rapper United States [214]
Kim Hyo-jin Actress South Korea [22]
Anna Bonus Kingsford Editor of The Lady's Own Paper, campaigned for women's rights and against vivisection United Kingdom [101]: 374–383 [215]
Bep van Klaveren Boxer Netherlands [39]: 103 [216]
Marcela Kloosterboer Actress, occasional singer Argentina [217]
Nicolette Kluijver Television presenter, model Netherlands [103]
Niko Koffeman Politician Netherlands [nb 11]
Martine Wittop Koning Nutrition expert and writer of cook books Netherlands [39]: 231 [219]
Abraham Isaac Kook Torah scholar, first Ashkenazi chief rabbi of the British Mandate for Palestine Latvia [3]: 175 [12]: 118–121 [82]
Kasper van Kooten Dutch article Actor, comedian, pesenter, musician Netherlands [184]
Kim van Kooten Actress and screenwriter Netherlands [203]
k-os Rapper, singer, songwriter, producer Canada [220][221]
Killer Kowalski Professional wrestler Canada [36]: 231–236 
Jiddu Krishnamurti Public speaker, author, philosopher India [222]
KRS-One Rapper, record producer, actor, author, activist United States [223]
Attje Kuiken Politician and former civil servant Netherlands [224]
Sushil Kumar World champion wrestler India [225]
František Kupka Painter and graphic artist Czechoslovakia [nb 12][nb 13]
Haldor Lægreid Musical artist Norway [228]
Bonnie-Jill Laflin Actress, Model, TV personality United States [229]
Christine Lagarde Lawyer, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund France [230]
Alphonse de Lamartine Writer, poet, politician France [nb 14][nb 15]
Benjamin Lay Quaker philanthropist and abolitionist United States [232]
Cloris Leachman Actress, comedienne United States [233]
Charles Webster Leadbeater Author, member of the Theosophical Society United Kingdom [234]
Rixt Leddy Dutch article Actress Netherlands [103]
Lee Ha-nui Beauty pageant titleholder, classical musician, gayageum player, and actress South Korea [22][235][236]
Rita Lee Singer, songwriter, actress, author, TV host Brazil [237]
Luís Leitão Portuguese article Writer, journalist, philanthropist Portugal [238]
Nikolai Leskov Writer Russia [239]
Leona Lewis Singer-songwriter, recording artist United Kingdom [240][241][242]
Jimmy Liao Illustrator, picture book writer Taiwan [71]
Bart de Ligt Anarcho-pacifist and antimilitarist Netherlands [39]: 239 
Jan Ligthart Teacher, philosopher Netherlands [39]: 220 
Jack Lindsay Writer Australia [154]: 77 
Richard Linklater Filmmaker United States [243][244][245]
Kerstin Linnartz German article Television presenter, actress Germany [208]
Tzipi Livni Lawyer and politician Israel [246]
Eneko Llanos Basque triathlete Spain [247]
Michael Locher Musician, member of the band Samael Switzerland [248]
Claire Loewenfeld Nutritionist and herbalist Germany [249]
Lisa Lopes Rapper, singer-songwriter, actress, dancer, musician, member of the R&B/hip-hop girl group TLC United States [250]
César "Vampiro" López One of the best-known rock guitarists in Latin America Mexico [251]
Heitor Lourenço Portuguese article Actor, television presenter Portugal [252]
Arjen Lucassen Progressive metal/rock songwriter, producer, singer, multi-instrumentalist Netherlands [253]
Lo Wing-lok doctor and politician Hong Kong [71]
Lu You Poet, politician China [254]
Joanna Lumley Actress, voice-over artist, former-model, author United Kingdom [255]
Anni-Frid Lyngstad Singer, member of pop/rock group ABBA Norway [45]

M–R

Name Occupation Country Source
Francisco Madero Politician, writer and revolutionary Mexico [256]
R. Madhavan Actor, writer, producer, television presenter India [257]
Tobey Maguire Actor, producer United States [258][259][260]
Mahavira Sage who established tenets of Jainism India [36]: 19–28 
Gustav Mahler Composer and one of the leading conductors of his generation Austria-Hungary [nb 16][nb 17]
Jaime de Magalhães Lima Thinker, poet, essayist, literary critic, promoter of vegetarianism Portugal [nb 18]
Andrius Mamontovas Musician, Songwriter, record producer, actor Lithuania [264][265]
Method Man Hip hop artist, record producer, actor, member of the Wu-Tang Clan United States [266]
Dagomir Marquezi Portuguese article Author, screenwriter, journalist Brazil [267][268]
Lina van de Mars German article Television presenter, musician Germany [98]
Jodie Marsh Media personality, glamour model United Kingdom [269]
Chris Martin Musician, producer, member of Coldplay United Kingdom [260][270]
Piero Martinetti Italian article Philosopher Italy [271]
Doug Martsch Musician, member of Built to Spill United States [272]
Scott Maslen Actor, model United Kingdom [273]
Mojo Mathers Politician, member of the New Zealand House of Representatives New Zealand [274]
Alicia Mayer Actress, Comedian Philippines [275]
Colman McCarthy Journalist, teacher, lecturer, peace activist United States [5]: 206–207 
Paul McCartney Musician, composer, producer, businessman, member of the The Beatles United Kingdom [276][277][278][279]
Stella McCartney Fashion designer United Kingdom [280]
Rue McClanahan Actress, comedienne, author United States [281]
Jay McGuiness Singer, member of the boy band The Wanted United Kingdom [106][107][108]
Edward McMillan-Scott Member of the European Parliament United Kingdom [282]
Armin Meiwes Convict who claims to be reformed and concerned about injustices Germany [283]
Luisa Mell Actress and former presenter of the RedeTV! programme Late Show Brazil [284]
Natalie Merchant Musician, Songwriter United States [285]
Saint Angela de Merici Religious leader and saint Italy [27]: 125–126 
Johan Messchaert Singer and vocal pedagogue Netherlands [39]: 219 
Lea Michele Actress, singer United States [286]
Gabrielle Miller Actress Canada [287]
Crispian Mills Musician, songwriter, film director United Kingdom [288]
Hayley Mills Actress, singer United Kingdom [289]
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola Renaissance philosopher Italy [290]
Shanna Moakler Actress, Model, Reality television celebrity United States [291]
Jorinde Moll Dutch article Actress, presenter Netherlands [203]
Sophie Monk Singer, songwriter, actress, model Australia [292]
Théodore Monod Naturalist, explorer, and humanist scholar France [293]
Jenna Morasca Actress, swimsuit model, winner of Survivor: The Amazon United States [294]
Edwin Moses Former American track and field athlete United States [295]
Erik Mouthaan Dutch article Journalist Netherlands [48][296]
Malcolm Muggeridge Journalist, author, satirist United Kingdom [36]: 243–250 
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Saintly Tamil-speaking teacher and Sufi mystic from the island of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka [12]: 175 
José Mujica President of Uruguay Uruguay [297]
Lillian Müller Model and an actress in motion pictures and television Norway [45]
Desidério Murcho Philosopher, professor, and writer Portugal [nb 19]
Stuart Murdoch Musician, member of indie pop band Belle & Sebastian United Kingdom [299]
Cillian Murphy Actor Ireland [300]
Keith Murray Musician, member of indie rock band We Are Scientists United States [301]
Murs Rapper United States [302]
Reuben D. Mussey Medical doctor and an early opponent of tobacco United States [5]: 44–46 
Xavier Naidoo Singer-songwriter, record producer Germany [303]
Martina Navratilova Retired tennis player and a former World No. 1 Czech Republic [nb 20]
Kevin Nealon Actor and comedian United States [305]
Helen Nearing Author and the second wife of Scott Nearing United States [306]
Philip Neri Priest noted for founding the "Congregation of the Oratory" Italy [27]: 152 [169]: 153 
Jukka Nevalainen Musician, member of Nightwish Finland [307]
Matt Nicholls Musician, member of Bring Me the Horizon United Kingdom [210][211]
George Nicholson Nationally known printer United Kingdom [308]
Jayde Nicole Model Canada [309]
Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis The Netherlands' first prominent socialist Netherlands [39]: 214 
Roberto de Nobili Jesuit missionary to Southern India Italy [310]
Natalia Borissowna Nordman German article Writer, women's rights activist, reformer Russia [311]: 109–123 
Krist Novoselic Musician, songwriter, author, activist, Nirvana member United States [312]
Paavo Nurmi World record setting Runner Finland [313]
Natasja Oerlemans Politician, a prominent member of the Party for the Animals Netherlands [314]
José Oiticica Poet, activist Brazil [315]
Margreth Olin Film director and producer Norway [45]
José Agostinho de Oliveira Portuguese article Teacher, writer, literary critic, playwright Portugal [316]
Maria O'Neill Writer, poet, journalist, spiritualist Portugal [317]
Felix Ortt Philosopher Netherlands [39]: 224 
Kelly Osbourne Singer-songwriter, author, actress, television personality, radio personality, fashion designer United Kingdom [260]
Maja Ostaszewska Actress Poland [318]
Carré Otis Actress, model United States [319]
Esther Ouwehand Politician, marketing manager Netherlands [nb 21]
Walburga, Lady Paget Diarist, writer and an intimate friend of Queen Victoria Germany [321]
Monty Panesar Cricketer United Kingdom [322]
Hayden Panettiere Actress, singer, model United States [323][324]
Alexandra Paul Actress United States [325]
Karen van Holst Pellekaan Dutch article Actress, animal rights advocate Netherlands [326]
Kal Penn Film and television actor, producer, and civil servant United States [327]
António Maria Pereira Portuguese article Lawyer, advocate of human and animal rights Portugal [328]
Isaac Leib Peretz Yiddish language author and playwright Poland [3]: 171 
Fiona Phillips Television broadcaster United Kingdom [180]
Sir Richard Phillips Schoolteacher, author and publisher United Kingdom [101]: 235–244 
Kellie Pickler Singer-songwriter United States [98]
Plotinus Major philosopher of the ancient world Greece [nb 22][330]
Plutarch Biographer, essayist, priest, ambassador, magistrate Greece [331]
António Maria Pereira Portuguese article Lawyer, advocate of human and animal rights Portugal [328]
Henri Polak Trade unionist and politician Netherlands [39]: 229 
Alexander Pope Poet United Kingdom [332]
Porphyry Neoplatonic philosopher Greece [28]: 58–61 [54]: 37–38 
Martín de Porres Lay brother of the Dominican Order Peru [27]: 206 
Natalie Portman Actress United States [333]
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Gaudiya Vaishnava teacher, founder-acharya of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness India [12]: 56–60 [36]: 173–180 
Jimmy Pursey Musician, record producer United Kingdom [334]
Pythagoras of Samos Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, founder of Pythagoreanism Greece [29][335]
Maggie Q Actress, model United States [336]
Srinivasa Ramanujan Mathematician and autodidact India [337]
Guillaume Thomas François Raynal Writer and man of letters during the Age of Enlightenment France [nb 23]
Jean Jacques Élisée Reclus Geographer, anarchist revolutionary, and writer. France [55]: 88, 105, 173–176 
Redman Rapper, record producer, actor United States [339]
Dimitri Reinderman Chess Grandmaster with an Elo rating of 2542 Netherlands [184]
Ilya Yefimovich Repin Leading Russian painter and sculptor of the Peredvizhniki artistic school Russia [239][311]: 110–114 
Reshma Renowned folk singer of Pakistan Pakistan [340]
Saint Richard of Chichester Saint who was Bishop of Chichester United Kingdom [27]: 191 [28]: 81 
Joseph Ritson Antiquary United Kingdom [101]: 185–190 
Andy Robinson English rugby union coach and retired player United Kingdom [341]
Fred Rogers Educator, minister, songwriter, television host United States [342]
Huberto Rohden Philosopher, educator, theologist, author, pioneer of transcendentalism Brazil [343]
Romain Rolland Dramatist, Essayist, Art historian, Novelist France [344]
Romana Portuguese article Singer Portugal [345]
Nathalie de Rooij Dutch article Politician Netherlands [346]
Marc van Roon Jazz pianist Netherlands [347]
Xavier Rudd Musician, singer-songwriter Australia [348][349][350]
RZA Rapper, CEO, record producer, actor, screenwriter, author, director United States [351][352]

S–Z

Name Occupation Country Source
Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre Writer, botanist France [94]: 208–214 [101]: 173–176 
Henry Stephens Salt Writer, teacher, social reformer United Kingdom [353]
Diederik Samsom Politician Netherlands [354]
Rodrigo Santoro Actor Brazil [355]
Gabe Saporta Lead singer and primary creative force behind the synthpop band Cobra Starship Uruguay [186]
Judith Sargentini GreenLeft politician Netherlands [356]
Martin Sastre Artist, Filmmaker Uruguay [357]
Swami Satchidananda Religious teacher, spiritual master and yoga adept India [358]
Kool Savas German rapper Germany [303]
Nikolas Schiller Blogger, prominent digital map artist in the blogosphere, civil rights activist United States [359]
Wim T. Schippers Voice actor, producer, comedian Netherlands [57]
Loretta Schrijver Television host Netherlands [nb 24]
Magnus Schwantje German article Writer, pacifist, advocate for vegetarianism and animal rights Germany [361]
Jason Schwartzman Actor, musician United States [362]
Jenny Seagrove Actress, political activist United Kingdom [363]
Virender Sehwag One of the leading batsmen in the Indian cricket team India [364]
Serenity Erotic dancer and pornographic actress United States [365]
Christian Serratos Actress United States [366]
Quintus Sextius Philosopher, whose philosophy combined Pythagoreanism with Stoicism Italy [nb 25]
George Bernard Shaw Playwright, critic, political activist Ireland [29][368]
Martin Shaw Actor United Kingdom [369]
Percy Bysshe Shelley Poet, dramatist, essayist, novelist United Kingdom [101]: 218–235 
Herbert Shelton Alternative medicine advocate, author, pacifist United States [5]: 160–161 
Sheetal Sheth Actress, producer United States [370]
Agostinho da Silva Philosopher, essayist and writer Portugal [371]
Sarah Silverman Comedienne, writer, actress, singer and musician United States [372]
Aaron Simpson Mixed martial artist United States [128]
Isaac Bashevis Singer Novelist, short story writer United States [36]: 237–242 [373][374][375]
Peter Singer Moral philosopher Australia [376]
Fauja Singh Centenarian marathon runner India [377][378]
Jon Skolmen Actor and comedian Norway [228]
Saskia Slegers German article Music producer, DJ Netherlands [2]
Susan Smit Dutch article Writer, columnist, former fashion model Netherlands [nb 26]
Song Il Gook Actor South Korea [22]
Sotion Neopythagorean philosopher Greece [380]
Amílcar de Sousa Medical doctor, author, president of the first Portuguese vegetarian society Portugal [381]
Henry Spira Widely regarded as one of the most effective animal rights activists of the 20th century United States [382]
Aad Stelylen Former Dutch athlete, specialised in long distances Netherlands [39]: 102 
Gruschenka Stevens Actress and singer Germany [208]
Joss Stone Singer-songwriter, actress United Kingdom [383][384][385]
Jan P. Strijbos Naturalist, cineast, photographer, journalist, writer Netherlands [39]: 242 
Gustav Struve Politician Germany [101]: 271–281 
Ruben Studdard Singer, actor United States [386]
Oliver Sykes Musician, member of Bring Me the Horizon United Kingdom [210][387]
Amber Tamblyn Actress United States [388]
Serj Tankian Musician, songwriter, record producer, poet, activist, System of a Down member United States [389]
Tarkan Singer-songwriter, record producer, performer Turkey [390]
Tertullian Prolific early Berber Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa Roman Empire (Carthage) [54]: 53 [67]: 116–117 
Marianne Thieme Politician, animal rights activist, author Netherlands [nb 27]
Maarten Tjallingii Professional racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

Alerting users

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Editnotices

Talk page notices

Miscellaneous

Netherlands [392]
Leo Tolstoy Novelist, short story writer, playwright, essayist Russia [29][36]: 88–97 [393]
Peter Tosh Musician, member of The Wailers Jamaica [394]
Paolo Troubetzkoy Artist, sculptor Russia [nb 28]
Titia van der Tuuk Author, feminist, pacifist, teacher Netherlands [39]: 226 
Shania Twain Singer-songwriter, television personality Canada [396][397]
Richard Ungewitter Writer, pioneer of the German nudist movement Germany [94]: 436–437 
Mellie Uyldert Writer, alternative healer, occultist and astrologer Netherlands [39]: 246 
Pedro Valdjiu Musician, member of Blasted Mechanism Portugal [398]
Yolandi Visser Musician South Africa [198]
Eddie Vedder Musician, songwriter, member of alternative rock band Pearl Jam United States [399]
Marly van der Velden Actress Netherlands [nb 29]
Krista van Velzen Politician Netherlands [57]
Milo Ventimiglia Actor, director United States [401][402]
Georgina Verbaan Actress, singer Netherlands [203]
Leon Verdonschot Journalist, presenter, writer, radio producer, columnist Netherlands [184]
Umberto Veronesi Surgeon and oncologist Italy [403]
Leonardo Da Vinci Painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, writer Italy [29][404]
Virgil Poet Italy [29]
Swami Vivekananda Chief disciple of the 19th century saint Ramakrishna India [12]: 50–52 
Marijke Vos Politician Netherlands [57]
Vydūnas Teacher, poet, humanist, philosopher and Lithuanian Lithuania [405]
Herschel Walker Former American college and professional football player and a mixed martial artist United States [406]
David Wallechinsky Author of many Olympic reference books and other reference books United States [36]: 219–224 
Lulu Wang Dutch article Writer Netherlands [57]
Bernard Weatherill Politician, Speaker of the House of Commons United Kingdom [407]
Dennis Weaver Actor United States [408]
Guido Weijers Dutch article Comedian Netherlands [184]
Monique van der Werff Dutch article Actress Netherlands [410]
Forest Whitaker Actor, producer, director United States [411][412]
Ellen G. White Author and Co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church United States [413]
Zara Whites Former adult film actress Netherlands [nb 30]
Norbert Wiener Mathematician, famous child prodigy, originator of cybernetics United States [415]
Anita Witzier Dutch article Television presenter Netherlands [416]
Faye Wong recording artist, actress China [417][418]
Esmé Wynne-Tyson Actress and writer United Kingdom [36]: 167–171 
Joel Xavier Portuguese article Musician Portugal [419]
Shmuly Yanklowitz modern Orthodox Rabbi, activist, educator, writer, motivational speaker, social entrepreneur, founder of Uri L'Tzedek United States [420][421]
Owain Yeoman Actor United Kingdom [422]
Yoon Jin-seo Actress South Korea [22]
Marguerite Yourcenar Author, essayist, poet France [423][424]
Zarathustra Founder of Zoroastrianism Persia [29]
Ethan Zohn Soccer player United States [294]
Rob Zombie Musician, songwriter, screenwriter, film director, film producer, programmer, music producer United States [425]

Former vegetarians

Name Occupation Country Source
Morten Abel Musician Norway [228]
Louisa May Alcott Novelist United States [nb 31]
Gillian Anderson Actress United States [426]
Christian Bale Actor United Kingdom [427]
Blixa Bargeld Musician Germany [428]
Amber Benson Actress United Kingdom [429]
14th Dalai Lama Monk China [260]
Prince Fielder Baseball player United States [430]
Benjamin Franklin Politician United States [29]
Josh Hartnett (former) Actor United States [260][431]
Darren Hayes Singer-songwriter Australia [432]
Sir Ian McKellen Actor United Kingdom [433][434]
Meat Loaf Musician United States [435]
Alyssa Milano Actress United States [436][437]
Dannii Minogue Actress, singer United Kingdom [438]
Julia Sawalha Actress United Kingdom [260]
Arve Tellefsen Violinist Norway [439]
Paul Weller Musician United Kingdom [440]
Reese Witherspoon Actress United States [260]
Kareena Kapoor Actress India [441]
Hayden Panettiere Actress United States [442]

Disputed vegetarians

Name Occupation Country Source
John Abraham Actor India [443]
Charlotte Brontë Novelist United Kingdom [nb 32]
Clement of Alexandria Theologian Greece [444]
Charles Darwin Naturalist United Kingdom [29][445][nb 33]
Albert Einstein Theoretical physicist Germany [29][447][448]
Ralph Waldo Emerson Writer, philosopher United States [29][nb 34]
Henry Ford Founder of Ford Motor Company United States [449][nb 35]
Adolf Hitler Politician Germany [450][451][452][453][454][455][nb 36]
Michael Jackson Singer United States [457]
Steve Jobs Co-founder of Apple Inc. United States [458]
John the Baptist Itinerant preacher and a major religious figure Roman Empire [459]
Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States United States [460]
Sir Isaac Newton Scientist United Kingdom [29]
Plato Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer, founder of the Academy in Athens Greece [29][nb 37][461]
Albert Schweitzer Music, philanthropy, theology Germany [29]
William Shakespeare Playwright United Kingdom [29][nb 38]
Socrates Philosopher Greece [nb 39]
Henry David Thoreau Philosopher United States [29][nb 40]
Mark Twain United States [nb 41]
Voltaire Writer, philosopher, playwright France [29]
Richard Wagner Composer Germany [29][101]: 371–374 [463]: 89–95 [nb 42]
H. G. Wells Novelist United Kingdom [29][nb 43]

Notes

  1. ^ (Original Dutch) V: "Wie is die man die 's zondags het vlees snijdt?" A: "De tofoe snijdt, want ik ben vegetariër." (Translation into English) Q: "Who is that man preparing the meat on Sunday?" A: "Preparing the tofu, because I am a vegetarian."[46]
  2. ^ (Original Dutch) "Wat hebben Paul McCartney, Claudia de Breij, Erik Mouthaan en Pia Douwes met elkaar gemeen? [..] Ze zijn vegetariërs..." (Translation into English) "What do Paul McCartney, Claudia de Breij, Erik Mouthaan and Pia Douwes have in common? [..] They're vegetarians..."[48]
  3. ^ Gregerson[55]: 21  observes: "As Zen roshi, Philip Kapleau points out (see his Cherish All Life), any attempt by Theravadins and others to attribute to the Buddha himself, words permitting the consumption of meat involve a blatant falsification and corruption of sacred texts!"
  4. ^ "I became a vegetarian in 1976 while watching a deer being butchered."[87]
  5. ^ "It may be of interest to note, in view of his exuberant vigor and great powers of endurance, that d'Albert is a strict vegetarian"[99]: 196 
  6. ^ "He ate once a day, after sunset, sometimes once in two days, and often even in four. His food was bread and salt, his drink, water only. Of flesh and wine it is superfluous even to speak, since no such thing was found with the other earnest men."[156]: Paragraph 7 
  7. ^ (Original Dutch) "Presentator Babs Assink vraagt vegetariër en dierenvriend 't Hart of het een angstaanjagend beeld is dat wij het varken tot op het bot verslinden." (Translation into English) "Presenter Babs Assink asks vegetarian and animal friend 't Hart whether or not it is a frightening image that we devour our pigs to the bone."[168]
  8. ^ "If the FRS knew Hartley as a friend, he would know him to be a mathematician with a special interest in statistics, an amateur violinist, and a vegetarian who saw animals as bearing a "near relation" to humans."[170]
  9. ^ (Original Dutch) "Antoinette is haar liefde voor dieren echter niet verloren. Ik ben vegetariër. Ik eet geen dieren. Dat is een hele bewuste keuze. Wij voeden onze kinderen ook vegetarisch op, die eten ook geen dieren." (Translation into English) "Antoinette hasn't lost her love for animals. I am a vegetarian. I do not eat animals. This is a deliberate choice. We raise our children vegetarian, they don't eat meat either."[175]
  10. ^ (Original Dutch) "Ik voel me echt beter, schoner sinds ik vegetariër ben." (Translation into English) "I really do feel better, cleaner since I became a vegetarian."[191]
  11. ^ (Original Dutch) "Zijn gedrevenheid moet, zeggen velen, voortkomen uit religieus besef: de vegetariër Koffeman is net als zijn vrouw belijdend Zevende-dagsadventist, een klein protestants kerkgenootschap."' (Translation into English) "His determination has to, some say, come from religieus belief: the vegetarian Koffeman is just like his wife a practising Seventh-day Adventist, a small protestant denomination."[218]
  12. ^ [1892] "Under Diefenbachs theosophical influence Kupka becomes a strict vegetarian and adopts a regime of daily physical exercises".[226]: 21 
  13. ^ [1894] "Meets Nazarene artist Karl Diefenbach, who advocates man's return to naure. Moves to Diefenbach's home and participates in communal life-style there, which features vegetarian cuisine, outdoor baths, nude exercising, discussions about spiritual issues, music, and painting."[227]: 408 
  14. ^ "True it is that Lamartine ate flesh and fish at one period of his life; but we have the authority of Douglas Jerrold's London Journal for assuring our readers that he is again a vegetarian."[120]: 222 
  15. ^ "Lamartine said that, despite his conventions, in adulthood he conformed to society by eating meat. But contemporaries recall that later in life Lamartine reconverted to vegetarianism after travelling through India, and lived in Paris like a Hindu vegetarian..."[231]: 214 
  16. ^ "The following season proved a very gloomy one for Mahler. Once more the "city of music" could furnish him no greater material consolation than that of a few piano-pupils. Evenings he would attach himself to a group of young, poverty-stricken Wagnerian enthusiasts and over a cup of coffee help wage the abstract battles of the music-dramatist's political and ethical doctrines. Of these sage utterances one the young musicians adopted unanimously was the proposal to regenerate mankind through strict, vegetarian diet. Perhaps the cost of meat-dishes had as much to do with this resolution as the realization that carnivorous humanity was going to the dogs. [...] Although two years had passed since those unforgettable meatless meetings of the young Wagnerians in Vienna, Mahler was in Olmuetz still a vegetarian, claiming bitterly that he went to the restaurant to starve."[261]: Chapter III 
  17. ^ "Keussler is also already here. A splendid fellow. After the Saturday evening rehearsal I'll be joining him for a vegetarian meal. (10 September 1908)": 254 ; "I'll presumably have to assume the role of 'the flesh pots in the land of Egypt'. Ouch! What a metaphor for a husband with vegetarian inclinations! (June 1909).": 272 [262]
  18. ^ Jaime de Magalhães Lima (1859–1936) was a Portuguese writer born in Aveiro. He studied Law in the University of Coimbra. He was an admirer of Tolstoy and visited him in Russia. In 1912 he wrote the essay O Vegetarismo e a Moralidade das raças.[263]
  19. ^ 'O consumo de animais é supérfluo, não há razão para continuar a comê-los quando é tão fácil ser vegetariano', comentou Desidério Murcho, filósofo e vegetariano convicto ['The consumption of animals is unnecessary, there is no reason to continue to eat them when it is so easy to be vegetarian,' said Desiderio Murch, philosopher and vegetarian].[298]
  20. ^ "I advocate eating nutritious food (I'm a vegetarian), working out, being in top form mentally and physically...".[304]: 172–173 
  21. ^ (Original Dutch) "De koeien waren moe en zwak, maar werden toch de vrachtwagens ingeschopt en geslagen. Toen heb ik besloten daar niet mee aan mee te werken en vegetariër te worden." (Translation into English) "The cows were tired and weak and were brutally thrown into the trucks. At that point I decided to become a vegetarian and stop supporting this."[320]
  22. ^ "Plotinus came from somewhere in Egypt and lived a frugal life. He was celibate and vegetarian and took little in the way of food, drink and sleep."[329]
  23. ^ "Outro autor muito afamado de nossos dias, Raynal, era igualmente sóbrio. A senhora Marquesa de Alorna, que muitas vezes o teve a jantar, me contou, que nunca o vira comer mais que algumas poucas ervas e fruta, nem beber senão água."[338]: 281–282 
  24. ^ (Original Dutch) "Of vlees-vrije stijlvolle godinnen als Marly van der Velden, Alyssa Milano, Isa Hoes, Jorinde Moll, Loretta Schrijver [..]" (Translation into English) "Or meat free stylish goddesses like Marly van der Velden, Alyssa Milano, Isa Hoes, Jorinde Moll, Loretta Schrijver [..]"[360]
  25. ^ "Sextius thought, that there was food enough for man in the world without shedding blood; and that the taking pleasure in butchering helpless animals, only inspired men with cruelty."[367]
  26. ^ Original Dutch) "[..]en ik ben vegetariër. "(Translation into English) "[..] and I am a vegetarian."[379]
  27. ^ (Original Dutch) "Of ik zelf ook vegetariër ben? [..] Zelf heb ik dat vlees echter niet meer nodig. Bovendien wil ik graag advocaat voor de dieren zijn en u snapt dat ik dan liever niet mijn eigenklanten opeet." (Translation into English) "Whether or not I am a vegetarian myself? [..] I do not to eat meat anymore. In fact, I want to defend the rights of animals (as a lawyer) and I guess you understand I would rather not eat my own clients"[391]
  28. ^ "Repin's contemporary the prominent sculptor Paolo Trubetskoi was also sympathetic to theosophical ideas and was a vegetarian and confirmed antivivisectionist".[395]
  29. ^ (Original Dutch) V: "Waarom ben je vegetariër?" A: "'Ik vind het onzin om vlees te eten terwijl er tegenwoordig genoeg vleesvervangers zijn. Vlees eten is ontzettend zielig voor de diertjes. Ik ben dus zeker al twee jaar vegetariër." (Translation into English) Q: "Why are you a vegetarian?" A: "I think there is no sense in eating meat since there are loads of alternatives available. Eating meat, it's so sad for those poor animals. So I have been a vegetarian for at least two years."[400]
  30. ^ "[..] or Zara Whites, a former Dutch porn actress. The militant vegetarian made a half-naked appearance at the last 'Salon International de l'Agriculture'"[..][414]
  31. ^ Although Louisa May Alcott is in many famous vegetarians lists, she probably wasn't a vegetarian. It appears that although she was raised a vegetarian by her father Amos Bronson Alcott, she didn't maintain that diet. Vegetarian historian Rynn Berry wrote: "Whereas Amos Bronson Alcott remained a vegetarian for the rest of his life – refusing to consume milk, eggs, fish, meat, and cheese, or wear leather or woollen clothing – his wife and their four daughters were backsliders."[36]: 133 
  32. ^ "The passage from Gaskell has persuaded many vegetarians that Charlotte Brontë was one of their number. In fact, even as children, the Brontë siblings ate flesh, both according to their father and to the friends. Moreover, the diaries of the Brontë children refer to their meals and their menus, all of which contain a flesh component."[169]: 241 
  33. ^ "Numerous websites, even those of a reputed national vegetarian association, also contain lists of vegetarians that include a number who, quite simply, were not vegetarians at all. [...] And numerous lists of vegetarians include both Henry David Thoreau and Charles Darwin, neither of whom gave up flesh or claimed to do so."[446]: 20 
  34. ^ Although Emerson appears in many un-sourced "Famous Vegetarian" Lists in the internet, he was not a vegetarian: "Once, while Amos Bronson Alcott (a vegetarian) sat at Ralph Waldo Emerson's dinner table, his host discussed the savagery of cannibalism. Emerson was carving a roast as he told his tale. Alcott joked with his nonvegetarian fiend: "But Mr. Emerson, if we are to eat meat at all why should we not eat the best?"[5]: 58 
  35. ^ "Ford, not a vegetarian, was obsessed with soybeans […]"[5]: 157 
  36. ^ However, there is evidence that Hitler always ate stuffed squab, liver dumplings, Bavarian sausages, caviar, ham, cheese, butter and milk. After Hitler came to power German vegetarian groups were suppressed and their leaders arrested. See: Berry (2004)[456] & Patterson (2002).[204]: 109–135  See also: the Vegetarianism of Adolf Hitler.
  37. ^ "Ancient sources sometimes identify Plato as a vegetarian, but none of these were his contemporaries, and it is not clear whether their authors knew for a fact that he ate no meat, or were making an assumption based on the vegetarian passages in The Republic and the Laws and the obvious Pythagorean influence in Plato's philosophy."[54]: 33 
  38. ^ "Another list named Shakespeare, the economic and social theorist Adam Smith (an advocate but not a practitioner), and that avid hunter Prince Charles as "famous vegetarians." There is no evidence to support the vegetarianism of any one of them – and a great deal to indicate otherwise."[169]: 21 ..."Even Shakespeare who was no vegetarian was burlesquing the Pythagorean theory of reincarnation […]"[36]: 4 
  39. ^ Norm Phelps argues that Socrates was not a vegetarian.[54]: 32–33 
  40. ^ And numerous lists of vegetarians include both Henry David Thoreau and Charles Darwin, neither of whom gave up flesh or claimed to do so."[446]
  41. ^ Mark Twain is on many famous vegetarian lists, however these lists fail to provide evidence to substantiate the claim. Shelley Fisher Fishkin, the editor of The Mark Twain's Book of Animals writes that "Twain was not a vegetarian himself".[462]
  42. ^ Lilli Lehmann, My Path Through Life (1914): "We stayed to a meal with the Wagners, during which he talked much about vegetarianism that he wanted to adopt entirely, but his physician was opposed to it. After what I know of it to-day from my own experience, I am certain that Wagner, without going to the extremes of vegetarianism, would have found it a means of lengthening his life."
  43. ^ "Some, including H.G. Wells, were decidedly antivegetarian."[446]: 21 

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  407. ^ "Obituaries". Archived from the original on 18 April 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help), Young Indian Vegetarians, issue 50, p.8
  408. ^ "A TV hero for real-life change: Dennis Weaver, actor, 1924-2006" in The Sydney Morning Herald, 29 March 2006, p. 29
  409. ^ Werff, Monique van der (25 February 2008). "Blog Monique van der Werff" (in Dutch). Nederland open en groen. Retrieved 19 April 2008. [dead link]
  410. ^ (Original Dutch) "Tom en ik zijn beide vegetariër en dat blijkt één van de beste dingen te zijn die je kunt doen voor het klimaat." (Translation into English) "Tom [her boyfriend] and I are both vegetarians and that seems to be one of the best things you can do for the climate."[409]
  411. ^ "Forest Whitaker: The King Of The Oscars?". Archived from the original on 21 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) CBS News. 4 February 2007.
  412. ^ "PSA for PETA". Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) PETA TV.
  413. ^ White, E.G., Healthful Living (1897, 1898), The Health Food Ministry (1970) and The Ministry of Healing (1905).
  414. ^ "Hairy politicians". cafebabel.com. 3 October 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2008. [dead link]
  415. ^ Norbert Wiener, I am a Mathematician, 1956, chapter 10.
  416. ^ "'Georgina Verbaan is sexy vegetariër'" (in Dutch). Nieuws.nl. 14 February 2006. Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  417. ^ "Meet the Sexiest Vegetarian Celebrity Winners!". PETA Asia-Pacific. Retrieved 26 May 2013.
  418. ^ "Faye Wong Named Asia's Sexiest Vegetarian Woman". PETA. 23 June 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2013.
  419. ^ "Associação Vegetariana Portuguesa: Entrevista ao Músico Joel Xavier sobre a sua escolha pelo Vegetarianismo". Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Template:Pt icon>
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  421. ^ "Rabbi Shmuly Yanklowitz Describing How He Became a Vegetarian". Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help), The Shamayim V'Aretz Institute. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  422. ^ "'The Mentalist' Star Sheds Meat (and His Shirt)". Archived from the original on 26 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  423. ^ "Famous Belgians Marguerite Yourcenar". Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  424. ^ L'humanisme et la cause animale
  425. ^ "Rob Zombie Does Not Eat Flesh". Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  426. ^ Sparkle Soojian. "The Green Scene Teens turn to vegetarianism for different reasons." The Fresno Bee. 15 July 2001. Section: Life E6. See also Reed Parsell. "Vegging Out." The Sacramento Bee. 13 July 2002. Section: Travel M1.
  427. ^ Destries, Michael (19 May 2009). "Christian Bale Dropped Being Vegetarian After Seeing Life Is Beautiful". Ecorazzi. Archived from the original on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  428. ^ Hoch, J., 2009. Blixa Bargeld: "Ich war ja nie der Punk, der vorm Postamt rumsteht" Template:De icon. Spiegel Online, [internet] 27 January. Available at http://www.spiegel.de/kultur/musik/0,1518,602439,00.html and archived at http://www.webcitation.org/5irpNga0Z. [. Retrieved 8 August 2009].
  429. ^ OutSmart Interview [dead link]
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  431. ^ "Ex-Vegetarian Josh Hartnett Suffers Abdominal Pains — Too Much Meat?". Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  432. ^ ". - Offline". .Darren Hayes.com. Retrieved 3 February 2012. [dead link]
  433. ^ Strachan, Zoe "'If Jodie Foster came out publicly today, would her visibility end homophobia in America? Sadly not'", Sunday Herald [dead link]
  434. ^ Sir Ian McKellen Official Home Page. 2000. E-Post: - Correspondence with Ian McKellen. [Online] (Updated 5 September 2000) Available at "http://www.mckellen.com/epost/m000905.htm". Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) [. Retrieved 24 July 2009]
  435. ^ Gordon Ramsay's F-Word, Season 4 Episode 6, 2009. [TV programme] Channel Four Television Corporation. Channel 4, 8 February 2009 21.00. Available at http://www.channel4.com/programmes/gordon-ramsays-f-word/4od#2922840 and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G9VNrHwE-kk
  436. ^ Milano, Alyssa. "Alyssa Milano's Dinner Party". Archived from the original on 23 January 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help), foodrevolutionday.com. Retrieved 1 June 2012. [dead link]
  437. ^ PETA 2, unknown date. Let Vegetarianism Grow on You. [Online] peta2.com, poster. Available at "http://www.peta2.com/outthere/page/alyssavegad_big.jpg". Archived from the original on 31 January 2013. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) and File:Alyssa Milano 3.jpg. [. Retrieved 5 April 2009]. [dead link]
  438. ^ "Showbiz — News — Ten Things You Never Knew About Dannii Minogue". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  439. ^ "Sexy vegetarianere — VG Nett om Pamela Anderson". Vg.no. 25 February 2003. Archived from the original on 23 February 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  440. ^ "NME Track Reviews - Weller, Paul : Leafy Mysteries". Nme.Com. 27 November 2002. Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  441. ^ "http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2013/jan/170113-kareena-kapoor-is-no-longer-a-vegetarian.htm". Archived from the original on 16 February 2013. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  442. ^ "http://www.glamour.com/health-fitness/blogs/vitamin-g/2012/11/hayden-panettiere-ditched-her.html". Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  443. ^ Parekh, Mitali (20 November 2010). "John sticks to vegetarianism". Times of India. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  444. ^ See: Jon Gregerson, Vegetarianism: A History, Jain Publishing Co, 1996, p. 46-47.
  445. ^ Travola, S., 2009. Turning Vegetarian. Fiji Times, [internet] 6 November. Available at http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=133039 and archived at http://www.webcitation.org/5lMTN4KGF[. Retrieved 17 November 2009]
  446. ^ a b c Preece, R, 2008. Sins of the Flesh: A History of Ethical Vegetarian Thought, University of British Columbia Press.
  447. ^ "Although I have been prevented by outward circumstances from observing a strictly vegetarian diet, I have long been an adherent to the cause in principle." Quoted by Alice Calaprice, in The New Quotable Einstein, translation of letter to Hermann Huth, December 27, 1930; Einstein Archive 46-756
  448. ^ However, "History of Vegetarianism". Archived from the original on 24 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) says that he may have been a vegetarian for the last year of his life, long after his famous accomplishments in physics. (The site quotes a single letter to Hans Muehsam, dated March 30, 1954 which says that he was; while in a letter to Max Kariel seven months earlier, he said that he was not. He died in 1955.)
  449. ^ Kiley, David. "First Henry Ford had wide-ranging interests". Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) usatoday.com. 10 June 2003.
  450. ^ Wilson, Bee (9 October 1988). "Mein Diat — Adolf Hitler's diet". New Statesman. Archived from the original on 21 March 2005. Retrieved 18 September 2007.
  451. ^ Phayre, Ignatius (November 1938). "Hitler's Mountain Home". Homes & Gardens. pp. 193–195.
  452. ^ Hitler, A., & Cameron, Norman (2000). Hitler's Table Talk. Enigma Books. ISBN 1-929631-05-7
  453. ^ Goebbels, Joseph (1993). The Goebbels Diaries. Charter Books. p. 679. ISBN 0-441-29550-9. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  454. ^ Hitler, Adolph (2000). Hitler's Table Talk: 1941-1944. Enigma Books. ISBN 1-929631-05-7. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  455. ^ Degrelle, Léon. "The Enigma of Hitler". "Friends of Léon Degrelle" Cultural Association. Retrieved 18 September 2007. [dead link]
  456. ^ Berry, R., 2004. Hitler: Neither Vegetarian Nor Animal Lover, Pythagorean Publishers.
  457. ^ "Vegetarian Star - Michael Jackson Loved Tofu Enchiladas With Cheese, Green Sauce". Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  458. ^ Elkind, Peter (15 March 2008). "The trouble with Steve Jobs". Fortune. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012. Retrieved 21 July 2008. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  459. ^ Kelhoffer, James A. (2005). "1B: 4. A 'Vegetarian' Historical Baptist? (Pallis, Kieferndorf and Eisler)". The Diet of John the Baptist: "Locusts and Wild Honey" in Synoptic and Patristic Interpretation. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen Zum Neuen Testament. Vol. 176. Mohr Siebeck. pp. 19–21. ISBN 9783161484605.
  460. ^ Mike Hudak,"Abraham Lincoln: Vegetarian and Animal Rights Advocate?—A Review of the Evidence". Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  461. ^ Robbins, John (1987). Diet for a new America: how your food choices affect your health, happiness, and the future of life on earth. Cover design by Eismont Design. Graphics by Deo Robbins. Cover production by Jim Marin. Stillpoint Publishing. p. 95. ISBN 0-915811-81-2.
  462. ^ Fishkin, S.F. ed., 2009. Mark Twain's Book of Animals. University of California Press. p.316
  463. ^ «Arguments against Ethical Vegetarianism» in Walters, K.S., & Portmess, L., eds., 1999. Ethical Vegetarianism from Pythagoras to Peter Singer, State University of New York Press.
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