List of state leaders in 2006
Appearance
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This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 2006.
Africa
- Algeria
- President – Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–2019)
- Prime Minister –
- Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2003–2006)
- Abdelaziz Belkhadem, Prime Minister of Algeria (2006–2008)
- Angola
- President – José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–2017)
- Prime Minister – Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos, Prime Minister of Angola (2002–2008)
- Benin
- President –
- Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1996–2006)
- Thomas Boni Yayi, President of Benin (2006–2016)
- President –
- Botswana
- President – Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
- Burkina Faso
- President – Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–2014)
- Prime Minister – Paramanga Ernest Yonli, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2000–2007)
- Burundi
- President – Pierre Nkurunziza, President of Burundi (2005–2020)
- Cameroon
- President – Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
- Prime Minister – Ephraïm Inoni, Prime Minister of Cameroon (2004–2009)
- Cape Verde
- President – Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–2011)
- Prime Minister – José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–2016)
- Central African Republic
- President – François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic (2003–2013)
- Prime Minister – Élie Doté, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2005–2008)
- Chad
- President – Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
- Prime Minister – Pascal Yoadimnadji, Prime Minister of Chad (2005–2007)
- Comoros
- President –
- Azali Assoumani, President of the Comoros (2002–2006)
- Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President of the Comoros (2006–2011)
- President –
- Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
- President – Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
- Prime Minister – Isidore Mvouba, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (2005–2009)
- Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
- President – Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–2019)
- Prime Minister – Antoine Gizenga, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006–2008)
- Djibouti
- President – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
- Prime Minister – Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–2013)
- Egypt
- President – Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–2011)
- Prime Minister – Ahmed Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt (2004–2011)
- Equatorial Guinea
- President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
- Prime Minister –
- Eritrea
- President – Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present) [a]
- Ethiopia
- President – Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–2013)
- Prime Minister – Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–2012)
- Gabon
- President – Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999–2006)
- Jean Eyeghé Ndong, Prime Minister of Gabon (2006–2009)
- The Gambia
- President – Yahya Jammeh, President of the Gambia (1994–2017)
- Ghana
- President – John Kufuor, President of Ghana (2001–2009)
- Guinea
- President – Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
- Prime Minister – Cellou Dalein Diallo, Prime Minister of Guinea (2004–2006)
- Guinea-Bissau
- President – João Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (2005–2009)
- Prime Minister – Aristides Gomes, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2005–2007)
- Ivory Coast
- President – Laurent Gbagbo, President of the Ivory Coast (2000–2011)
- Prime Minister – Charles Konan Banny, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2005–2007)
- Kenya
- President – Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–2013)
- Lesotho
- Monarch – Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
- Prime Minister – Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–2012)
- Liberia
- Head of State –
- Gyude Bryant, Chairman of the Transitional Government of Liberia (2003–2006)
- Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President of Liberia (2006–2018)
- Head of State –
- Libya
- De facto Head of State – Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
- De jure Head of State – Muhammad az-Zanati, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1992–2008)
- Prime Minister –
- Madagascar
- President – Marc Ravalomanana, President of Madagascar (2002–2009)
- Prime Minister – Jacques Sylla, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2002–2007)
- Malawi
- President – Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (2004–2012)
- Mali
- President – Amadou Toumani Touré, President of Mali (2002–2012)
- Prime Minister – Ousmane Issoufi Maïga, Prime Minister of Mali (2004–2007)
- Mauritania
- Head of State – Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, Chairman of the Military Council for Justice and Democracy of Mauritania (2005–2007)
- Prime Minister – Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2005–2007)
- Mauritius
- President – Sir Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–2012)
- Prime Minister – Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2005–2014)
- Mayotte (overseas collectivity of France)
- Prefect – Jean-Paul Kihl, Prefect of Mayotte (2005–2007)
- Head of Government – Saïd Omar Oili, President of the General Council of Mayotte (2004–2008)
- Morocco
- Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
- Prime Minister – Driss Jettou, Prime Minister of Morocco (2002–2007)
- Western Sahara (self-declared, partially recognised state)
- President – Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of Western Sahara (1976–2016)
- Prime Minister – Abdelkader Taleb Omar, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (2003–2018)
- Mozambique
- President – Armando Guebuza, President of Mozambique (2005–2015)
- Prime Minister – Luísa Diogo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–2010)
- Namibia
- President – Hifikepunye Pohamba, President of Namibia (2005–2015)
- Prime Minister – Nahas Angula, Prime Minister of Namibia (2005–2012)
- Niger
- President – Mamadou Tandja, President of Niger (1999–2010)
- Prime Minister – Hama Amadou, Prime Minister of Niger (2000–2007)
- Nigeria
- President – Olusegun Obasanjo, President of Nigeria (1999–2007)
- Rwanda
- President – Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
- Prime Minister – Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–2011)
- Saint Helena and Dependencies (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor – Michael Clancy, Governor of Saint Helena (2004–2007)
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- President – Fradique de Menezes, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2003–2011)
- Prime Minister –
- Maria do Carmo Silveira, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2005–2006)
- Tomé Vera Cruz, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2006–2008)
- Senegal
- President – Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–2012)
- Prime Minister – Macky Sall, Prime Minister of Senegal (2004–2007)
- Seychelles
- President – James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–2016)
- Sierra Leone
- President – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone (1998–2007)
- Somalia
- President – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, President of Somalia (2004–2008)
- Prime Minister – Ali Mohammed Ghedi, Prime Minister of Somalia (2004–2007)
- Islamic Courts Union (rival administration, controlling Mogadishu and parts of southern Somalia)
- Chairman – Sheikh Sharif Ahmed, Executive Chairman of the Islamic Courts Union (2006)
- Somaliland (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Dahir Riyale Kahin, President of Somaliland (2002–2010)
- Puntland (self-declared autonomous state)
- President – Mohamud Muse Hersi, President of Puntland (2005–2009)
- South Africa
- President – Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–2008)
- Sudan
- President – Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–2019)
- Swaziland
- Monarch – Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
- Prime Minister – Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2003–2008)
- Tanzania
- President – Jakaya Kikwete, President of Tanzania (2005–2015)
- Prime Minister – Edward Lowassa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2005–2008)
- Togo
- President – Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
- Prime Minister –
- Edem Kodjo, Prime Minister of Togo (2005–2006)
- Yawovi Agboyibo, Prime Minister of Togo (2006–2007)
- Tunisia
- President – Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
- Prime Minister – Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–2011)
- Uganda
- President – Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
- Prime Minister – Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–2011)
- Zambia
- President – Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (2002–2008)
- Zimbabwe
- President – Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–2017)
Asia
- Afghanistan
- President – Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan (2001–2014)
- Bahrain
- Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
- Prime Minister – Sheikh Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–2020) [b]
- Bangladesh
- President – Iajuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (2002–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Khaleda Zia, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2001–2006)
- Iajuddin Ahmed, Chief Adviser of Bangladesh (2006–2007)
- Bhutan
- Monarch –
- Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972–2006)
- Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (2006–present)
- Prime Minister –
- Sangay Ngedup, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2005–2006)
- Khandu Wangchuk, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2006–2007)
- Monarch –
- Brunei
- Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present) [c]
- Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
- Cambodia
- Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister – Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–present) [d]
- China (People's Republic of China)
- Communist Party Leader – Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (2002–2012)
- President – Hu Jintao, President of China (2003–2013)
- Premier – Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council of China (2003–2013)
- East Timor
- President – Xanana Gusmão, President of East Timor (2002–2007)
- Prime Minister –
- Mari Alkatiri, Prime Minister of East Timor (2001–2006)
- José Ramos-Horta, Prime Minister of East Timor (2006–2007)
- India
- President – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, President of India (2002–2007)
- Prime Minister – Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India (2004–2014)
- Indonesia
- President – Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–2014)
- Iran
- Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
- President – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran (2005–2013)
- Iraq
- Head of State – Presidency Council of Iraq
- Members –
- Jalal Talabani (2005–2006; President of Iraq, 2005–2006), and Adil Abdul-Mahdi and Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer (2005–2006)
- Jalal Talabani (2006–2010; President of Iraq, 2006–2010), and Adil Abdul-Mahdi and Tariq al-Hashimi (2006–2010)
- Members –
- Prime Minister –
- Ibrahim al-Jaafari, Prime Minister of Iraq (2005–2006)
- Nouri al-Maliki, Prime Minister of Iraq (2006–2014)
- Head of State – Presidency Council of Iraq
- Israel
- President – Moshe Katsav, President of Israel (2000–2007)
- Prime Minister –
- Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister of Israel (2001–2006)
- Ehud Olmert, Prime Minister of Israel (2006–2009)
- Palestinian National Authority (non-state administrative authority)
- President – Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority (2005–present)
- Prime Minister –
- Japan
- Monarch – Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–2019)
- Prime Minister –
- Junichirō Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan (2001–2006)
- Shinzō Abe, Prime Minister of Japan (2006–2007)
- Jordan
- Monarch – Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
- Prime Minister – Marouf al-Bakhit, Prime Minister of Jordan (2005–2007)
- Kazakhstan
- President – Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–2019) [e]
- Prime Minister – Daniyal Akhmetov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2003–2007)
- North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
- Communist Party Leader – Kim Jong-il, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (1997–2011)
- De facto Head of State – Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea [f] (1993–2011)
- De jure Head of State – Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1998–2019)
- Premier – Pak Pong-ju, Premier of the Cabinet of North Korea (2003–2007)
- South Korea (Republic of Korea)
- President – Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea (2003–2008)
- Prime Minister –
- Lee Hae-chan, Prime Minister of South Korea (2004–2006)
- Han Duck-soo, Acting Prime Minister of South Korea (2006)
- Han Myeong-sook, Prime Minister of South Korea (2006–2007)
- Kuwait
- Monarch –
- Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977–2006)
- Sheikh Saad Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2006)
- Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2006–2020)
- Prime Minister –
- Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2003–2006)
- Sheikh Nasser Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2006–2011)
- Monarch –
- Kyrgyzstan
- President – Kurmanbek Bakiyev, President of Kyrgyzstan (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister – Felix Kulov, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2005–2007)
- Laos
- Communist Party Leader –
- President –
- Khamtai Siphandon, President of Laos (1998–2006)
- Choummaly Sayasone, President of Laos (2006–2016)
- Premier –
- Lebanon
- President – Émile Lahoud, President of Lebanon (1998–2007)
- Prime Minister – Fouad Siniora, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (2005–2009)
- Malaysia
- Monarch –
- Tuanku Sirajuddin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2001–2006)
- Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2006–2011)
- Prime Minister – Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2003–2009)
- Monarch –
- Maldives
- President – Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of the Maldives (1978–2008)
- Mongolia
- President – Nambaryn Enkhbayar, President of Mongolia (2005–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2004–2006)
- Miyeegombyn Enkhbold, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2006–2007)
- Myanmar
- Head of State – Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of Myanmar (1992–2011)
- Prime Minister – Soe Win, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2004–2007)
- Nepal
- Monarch – Gyanendra, King of Nepal (2001–2008)
- Prime Minister –
- Gyanendra, Prime Minister of Nepal (2005–2006)
- Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister of Nepal (2006–2008)
- Oman
- Monarch – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
- Prime Minister – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
- Pakistan
- President – Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan (2001–2008)
- Prime Minister – Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2004–2007)
- Philippines
- President – Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, President of the Philippines (2001–2010)
- Qatar
- Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–2013)
- Prime Minister – Sheikh Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1996–2007)
- Saudi Arabia
- Monarch – Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia (2005–2015)
- Prime Minister – Abdullah, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2005–2015)
- Singapore
- President – S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–2011)
- Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–present)
- Sri Lanka
- President – Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka (2005–2015)
- Prime Minister – Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2005–2010)
- Syria
- President – Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
- Prime Minister – Muhammad Naji al-Otari, Prime Minister of Syria (2003–2011)
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President – Chen Shui-bian, President of Taiwan (2000–2008)
- Premier –
- Frank Hsieh, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2005–2006)
- Su Tseng-chang, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2006–2007)
- Tajikistan
- President – Emomali Rahmonov, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
- Prime Minister – Oqil Oqilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–2013)
- Thailand
- Monarch – Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–2016)
- Prime Minister –
- Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2001–2006)
- Chitchai Wannasathit, Acting Prime Minister of Thailand (2006)
- Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2006)
- Surayud Chulanont, Prime Minister of Thailand (2006–2008)
- Junta Leader – Sonthi Boonyaratglin, Chief of the Administrative Reform Council of Thailand (2006–2007)
- Turkey
- President – Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–2007)
- Prime Minister – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–2014)
- Turkmenistan
- President –
- Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan (1990–2006) [g]
- Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, President of Turkmenistan (2006–present)
- President –
- United Arab Emirates
- President – Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2004–present)
- Prime Minister –
- Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1990–2006)
- Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)
- Uzbekistan
- President – Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1990–2016) [h]
- Prime Minister – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–2016)
- Vietnam
- Communist Party Leader – Nông Đức Mạnh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2001–2011)
- President –
- Trần Đức Lương, President of Vietnam (1997–2006)
- Nguyễn Minh Triết, President of Vietnam (2006–2011)
- Prime Minister –
- Phan Văn Khải, Prime Minister of Vietnam (1997–2006)
- Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Prime Minister of Vietnam (2006–2016)
- Yemen
- President – Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1978–2012) [i]
- Prime Minister – Abdul Qadir Bajamal, Prime Minister of Yemen (2001–2007)
Europe
- Albania
- President – Alfred Moisiu, President of Albania (2002–2007)
- Prime Minister – Sali Berisha, Prime Minister of Albania (2005–2013)
- Andorra
- Monarchs –
- French Co-Prince – Jacques Chirac, French Co-prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
- Co-Prince's Representative – Philippe Massoni (2002–2007)
- Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
- Co-Prince's Representative – Nemesi Marqués Oste (1993–2012)
- French Co-Prince – Jacques Chirac, French Co-prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
- Prime Minister – Albert Pintat, Head of Government of Andorra (2005–2009)
- Monarchs –
- Armenia
- President – Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
- Prime Minister – Andranik Margaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–2007)
- Austria
- President – Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–2016)
- Chancellor – Wolfgang Schüssel, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
- Azerbaijan
- President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
- Prime Minister – Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–2018)
- Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Arkadi Ghukasyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (1997–2007)
- Prime Minister – Anushavan Danielyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (1999–2007)
- Belarus
- President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
- Prime Minister – Sergei Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–2010)
- Belgium
- Monarch – Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–2013)
- Prime Minister – Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Serb Member –
- Borislav Paravac (2003–2006)
- Nebojša Radmanović (2006–2014; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2006–2007)
- Bosniak Member –
- Sulejman Tihić (2002–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2006)
- Haris Silajdžić (2006–2010)
- Croat Member –
- Ivo Miro Jović (2005–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2005–2006)
- Željko Komšić (2006–2014)
- Serb Member –
- Prime Minister – Adnan Terzić, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2007)
- High Representative –
- Lord (Paddy) Ashdown, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2006)
- Christian Schwarz-Schilling, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2006–2007)
- Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- President – Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–2012)
- Prime Minister – Sergei Stanishev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2005–2009)
- Croatia
- President – Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–2010)
- Prime Minister – Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–2009)
- Cyprus
- President – Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
- Northern Cyprus (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Mehmet Ali Talat, President of Northern Cyprus (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister – Ferdi Sabit Soyer, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2005–2009)
- Czech Republic
- President – Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–2013)
- Prime Minister –
- Jiří Paroubek, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2005–2006)
- Mirek Topolánek, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2006–2009)
- Denmark
- Monarch – Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
- Prime Minister – Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–2009)
- Estonia
- President –
- Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia (2001–2006)
- Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of Estonia (2006–2016)
- Prime Minister – Andrus Ansip, Prime Minister of Estonia (2005–2014)
- President –
- Finland
- President – Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–2012)
- Prime Minister – Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–2010)
- France
- President – Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
- Prime Minister – Dominique de Villepin, Prime Minister of France (2005–2007)
- Georgia
- President – Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2004–2007)
- Prime Minister – Zurab Noghaideli, Prime Minister of Georgia (2005–2007)
- Abkhazia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Sergei Bagapsh, President of Abkhazia (2005–2011)
- Prime Minister – Alexander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2005–2010)
- South Ossetia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Eduard Kokoity, President of South Ossetia (2001–2011)
- Prime Minister – Yury Morozov, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005–2008)
- Germany
- President – Horst Köhler, Federal President of Germany (2004–2010)
- Chancellor – Angela Merkel, Federal Chancellor of Germany (2005–present)
- Greece
- President – Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (2005–2015)
- Prime Minister – Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–2009)
- Hungary
- President – László Sólyom, President of Hungary (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister – Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–2009)
- Iceland
- President – Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–2016)
- Prime Minister –
- Halldór Ásgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (2004–2006)
- Geir Haarde, Prime Minister of Iceland (2006–2009)
- Ireland
- President – Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–2011)
- Prime Minister – Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach of Ireland (1997–2008)
- Italy
- President –
- Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–2006)
- Giorgio Napolitano, President of Italy (2006–2015)
- Prime Minister –
- President –
- Latvia
- President – Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–2007)
- Prime Minister – Aigars Kalvītis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004–2007)
- Liechtenstein
- Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
- Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
- Prime Minister – Otmar Hasler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2001–2009)
- Lithuania
- President – Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Algirdas Brazauskas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2001–2006)
- Zigmantas Balčytis, Acting Prime Minister of Lithuania (2006)
- Gediminas Kirkilas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2006–2008)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
- Prime Minister – Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–2013)
- Macedonia
- President – Branko Crvenkovski, President of Macedonia (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Vlado Bučkovski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2004–2006)
- Nikola Gruevski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2006–2016)
- Malta
- President – Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister – Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–2013)
- Moldova
- President – Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–2009)
- Prime Minister – Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–2008)
- Transnistria (unrecognised, secessionist state)
- President – Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1990–2011) [j]
- Monaco
- Monarch – Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
- Prime Minister – Jean-Paul Proust, Minister of State of Monaco (2005–2010)
- Montenegro
- the 1992 Republic declared independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro on 3 June
- President – Filip Vujanović, President of Montenegro (2002–2018)
- Prime Minister –
- Milo Đukanović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2003–2006)
- Željko Šturanović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2006–2008)
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Monarch – Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–2013)
- Netherlands (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Prime Minister – Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–2010)
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- see § North America
- Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- see § North America
- Norway
- Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
- Prime Minister – Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2005–2013)
- Poland
- President – Lech Kaczyński, President of Poland (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister –
- Portugal
- President –
- Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–2006)
- Aníbal Cavaco Silva, President of Portugal (2006–2016)
- Prime Minister – José Sócrates, Prime Minister of Portugal (2005–2011)
- President –
- Romania
- President – Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–2014)
- Prime Minister – Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Prime Minister of Romania (2004–2008)
- Russia
- President – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
- Prime Minister – Mikhail Fradkov, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2004–2007)
- San Marino
- Captains-Regent –
- Claudio Muccioli and Antonello Bacciocchi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2005–2006)
- Gianfranco Terenzi and Loris Francini, Captains Regent of San Marino (2006)
- Antonio Carattoni and Roberto Giorgetti, Captains Regent of San Marino (2006–2007)
- Captains-Regent –
- Serbia and Montenegro
- the State Union dissolved into both the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro on 5 June
- President – Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
- Prime Minister – Svetozar Marović, Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
- Serbia
- the 1990 Republic declared independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro on 5 June
- President – Boris Tadić, President of Serbia (2004–2012)
- Prime Minister – Vojislav Koštunica, President of the Government of Serbia (2004–2008)
- Kosovo (Self-Governing Entity under UN administration)
- President –
- Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (2002–2006)
- Nexhat Daci, Acting President of Kosovo (2006)
- Fatmir Sejdiu, President of Kosovo (2006–2010)
- Prime Minister –
- Bajram Kosumi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2005–2006)
- Agim Çeku, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2006–2008)
- UN Special Representative –
- President –
- Slovakia
- President – Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–2014)
- Prime Minister –
- Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–2006)
- Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2006–2010)
- Slovenia
- President – Janez Drnovšek, President of Slovenia (2002–2007)
- Prime Minister – Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–2008)
- Spain
- Monarch – Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–2014)
- Prime Minister – José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–2011)
- Sweden
- Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
- Prime Minister –
- Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–2006)
- Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime Minister of Sweden (2006–2014)
- Switzerland
- Council – Federal Council of Switzerland [k]
- Members – Moritz Leuenberger (1995–2010; President of Switzerland, 2006), Pascal Couchepin (1998–2009), Joseph Deiss (1999–2006), Samuel Schmid (2000–2008), Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–2011), Christoph Blocher (2003–2007), Hans-Rudolf Merz (2003–2010), and Doris Leuthard (2006–present)
- Council – Federal Council of Switzerland [k]
- Ukraine
- President – Viktor Yushchenko, President of Ukraine (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister –
- Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005–2006)
- Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2006–2007)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
- Prime Minister – Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
- Isle of Man (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
- Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Paul Haddacks, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2005–2011)
- Chief Minister –
- Donald Gelling, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2004–2006)
- Tony Brown, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2006–2011)
- Guernsey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
- Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Fabian Malbon, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2005–2011)
- Chief Minister – Laurie Morgan, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2004–2007)
- Jersey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
- Lieutenant-Governor –
- Sir John Cheshire, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2001–2006)
- Andrew Ridgway, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2006–2011)
- Chief Minister – Frank Walker, Chief Minister of Jersey (2005–2008)
- Lieutenant-Governor –
- Gibraltar (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor –
- Sir Francis Richards, Governor of Gibraltar (2003–2006)
- Philip Barton, Acting Governor of Gibraltar (2006)
- Sir Robert Fulton, Governor of Gibraltar (2006–2009)
- Chief Minister – Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–2011)
- Governor –
- Vatican City
- Monarch – Pope Benedict XVI, Sovereign of Vatican City (2005–2013)
- Head of Government –
- Cardinal Edmund Szoka, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1997–2006)
- Archbishop Giovanni Lajolo, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (2006–2011)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
- Secretary of State –
- Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–2006)
- Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Secretary of State (2006–2013)
- Secretary of State –
North America
- Anguilla (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor –
- Alan Huckle, Governor of Anguilla (2004–2006)
- Mark Andrew Capes, Acting Governor of Anguilla (2006)
- Andrew George, Governor of Anguilla (2006–2009)
- Chief Minister – Osbourne Fleming, Chief Minister of Anguilla (2000–2010)
- Governor –
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
- Governor-General – Sir James Carlisle, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1993–2007)
- Prime Minister – Baldwin Spencer, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2004–2014)
- Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor – Fredis Refunjol, Governor of Aruba (2004–2016)
- Prime Minister – Nelson Oduber, Prime Minister of Aruba (2001–2009)
- The Bahamas
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General –
- Paul Adderley, Acting Governor-General of the Bahamas (2005–2006)
- Arthur Dion Hanna, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2006–2010)
- Prime Minister – Perry Christie, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2002–2007)
- Barbados
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Clifford Husbands, Governor-General of Barbados (1996–2011)
- Prime Minister – Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados (1994–2008)
- Belize
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Colville Young, Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
- Prime Minister – Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1998–2008)
- Bermuda (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor – Sir John Vereker, Governor of Bermuda (2002–2007)
- Premier –
- Alex Scott, Premier of Bermuda (2003–2006)
- Ewart Brown, Premier of Bermuda (2006–2010)
- British Virgin Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor –
- Tom Macan, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2002–2006)
- Dancia Penn, Acting Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2006)
- David Pearey, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2006–2010)
- Chief Minister – Orlando Smith, Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands (2003–2007)
- Governor –
- Canada
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
- Governor-General – Michaëlle Jean, Governor General of Canada (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister –
- Paul Martin, Prime Minister of Canada (2003–2006)
- Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada (2006–2015)
- Cayman Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor – Stuart Jack, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2005–2009)
- Head of Government – Kurt Tibbetts, Leader of Government Business of the Cayman Islands (2005–2009)
- Costa Rica
- President –
- Abel Pacheco, President of Costa Rica (2002–2006)
- Óscar Arias, President of Costa Rica (2006–2010)
- President –
- Cuba
- Communist Party Leader –
- President –
- Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
- Raúl Castro, Acting President of the Council of State of Cuba (2006–2008) [l]
- Premier –
- Dominica
- President – Nicholas Liverpool, President of Dominica (2003–2012)
- Prime Minister – Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
- Dominican Republic
- President – Leonel Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (2004–2012)
- El Salvador
- President – Antonio Saca, President of El Salvador (2004–2009)
- Grenada
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Daniel Williams, Governor-General of Grenada (1996–2008)
- Prime Minister – Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (1995–2008)
- Guatemala
- President – Óscar Berger, President of Guatemala (2004–2008)
- Haiti
- President –
- Boniface Alexandre, President of Haiti (2004–2006)
- René Préval, President of Haiti (2006–2011)
- Prime Minister –
- Gérard Latortue, Prime Minister of Haiti (2004–2006)
- Jacques-Édouard Alexis, Prime Minister of Haiti (2006–2008)
- President –
- Honduras
- President –
- Ricardo Maduro, President of Honduras (2002–2006)
- Manuel Zelaya, President of Honduras (2006–2009)
- President –
- Jamaica
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General –
- Sir Howard Cooke, Governor-General of Jamaica (1991–2006)
- Kenneth O. Hall, Governor-General of Jamaica (2006–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- P. J. Patterson, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1992–2006)
- Portia Simpson-Miller, Prime Minister of Jamaica (2006–2007)
- Mexico
- President –
- Vicente Fox, President of Mexico (2000–2006)
- Felipe Calderón, President of Mexico (2006–2012)
- President –
- Montserrat (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor – Deborah Barnes-Jones, Governor of Montserrat (2004–2007)
- Chief Minister –
- John Osborne, Chief Minister of Montserrat (2001–2006)
- Lowell Lewis, Chief Minister of Montserrat (2006–2009)
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor – Frits Goedgedrag, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (2002–2010)
- Prime Minister –
- Etienne Ys, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (2004–2006)
- Emily de Jongh-Elhage, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (2006–2010)
- Nicaragua
- President – Enrique Bolaños, President of Nicaragua (2002–2007)
- Panama
- President – Martín Torrijos, President of Panama (2004–2009)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Cuthbert Sebastian, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1996–2013)
- Prime Minister – Denzil Douglas, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1995–2015)
- Saint Lucia
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Lucia (1979–present)
- Governor-General – Dame Pearlette Louisy, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1997–2017)
- Prime Minister –
- Kenny Anthony, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1997–2006)
- Sir John Compton, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (2006–2007)
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon (overseas collectivity of France)
- Prefect –
- Albert Dupuy, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005–2006)
- Yves Fauqueur, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2006–2008)
- Head of Government –
- Prefect –
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Frederick Ballantyne, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002–2019)
- Prime Minister – Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2001–present)
- Trinidad and Tobago
- President – George Maxwell Richards, President of Trinidad and Tobago (2003–2013)
- Prime Minister – Patrick Manning, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (2001–2010)
- Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor – Richard Tauwhare, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2005–2008)
- Premier – Michael Misick, Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands [m] (2003–2009)
- United States
- President – George W. Bush, President of the United States (2001–2009)
- Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)
- Governor – Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Governor of Puerto Rico (2005–2009)
- United States Virgin Islands (insular area of the United States)
- Governor – Charles Wesley Turnbull, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1999–2007)
Oceania
- American Samoa (unorganised, unincorporated territory of the United States)
- Governor – Togiola Tulafono, Governor of American Samoa (2003–2013)
- Australia
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
- Governor-General – Michael Jeffery, Governor-General of Australia (2003–2008)
- Prime Minister – John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia (1996–2007)
- Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
- Administrator – Neil Lucas, Administrator of Christmas Island (2006–2008)
- Shire-President – Gordon Thomson, Shire president of Christmas Island (2003–2011)
- Cocos (Keeling) Islands (external territory of Australia)
- Administrator – Neil Lucas, Administrator of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006–2008)
- Shire-President – Ronald Grant, Shire president of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2001–2007)
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
- Administrator – Grant Tambling, Administrator of Norfolk Island (2003–2007)
- Chief Minister –
- Geoffrey Robert Gardner, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2001–2006)
- David Buffett, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2006–2007)
- Fiji
- President –
- Ratu Josefa Iloilo, President of Fiji (2000–2006)
- Frank Bainimarama, Acting President of Fiji (2006–2007)
- Prime Minister –
- Laisenia Qarase, Prime Minister of Fiji (2001–2006)
- Jona Senilagakali, Acting Prime Minister of Fiji (2006–2007)
- President –
- French Polynesia (overseas collectivity of France)
- High Commissioner – Anne Bouquet, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2005–2008)
- President –
- Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia (2005–2006)
- Gaston Tong Sang, President of French Polynesia (2006–2007)
- Guam (insular area of the United States)
- Governor – Felix Perez Camacho, Governor of Guam (2003–2011)
- Kiribati
- President – Anote Tong, President of Kiribati (2003–2016)
- Marshall Islands
- President – Kessai Note, President of the Marshall Islands (2000–2008)
- Micronesia
- President – Joseph Urusemal, President of Micronesia (2003–2007)
- Nauru
- President – Ludwig Scotty, President of Nauru (2004–2007)
- New Caledonia (sui generis collectivity of France)
- High Commissioner – Michel Mathieu, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2005–2007)
- Head of Government – Marie-Noëlle Thémereau, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2004–2007)
- New Zealand
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
- Governor-General –
- Dame Silvia Cartwright, Governor-General of New Zealand (2001–2006)
- Dame Sian Elias, Administrator of the Government of New Zealand (2006)
- Sir Anand Satyanand, Governor-General of New Zealand (2006–2011)
- Prime Minister – Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–2008)
- Cook Islands (associated state of New Zealand)
- Queen's Representative – Sir Frederick Tutu Goodwin, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (2001–2013)
- Prime Minister – Jim Marurai, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2004–2010)
- Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
- Premier – Young Vivian, Premier of Niue (2002–2008)
- Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand)
- Administrator –
- Neil Walter, Administrator of Tokelau (2003–2006)
- David Payton, Administrator of Tokelau (2006–2009)
- Head of Government –
- Pio Tuia, Head of Government of Tokelau (2005–2006)
- Kolouei O'Brien, Head of Government of Tokelau (2006–2007)
- Administrator –
- Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the United States)
- Governor –
- Juan Babauta, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2002–2006)
- Benigno Fitial, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2006–2013)
- Governor –
- Palau
- President – Tommy Remengesau, President of Palau (2001–2009)
- Papua New Guinea
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Paulias Matane, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2004–2010)
- Prime Minister – Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2002–2010)
- Pitcairn Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor –
- Richard Fell, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2001–2006)
- George Fergusson, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2006–2010)
- Mayor – Jay Warren, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2005–2007)
- Governor –
- Samoa
- Head of State – Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa (1962–2007)
- Prime Minister – Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa (1998–present)
- Solomon Islands
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
- Governor-General – Sir Nathaniel Waena, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister –
- Sir Allan Kemakeza, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2001–2006)
- Snyder Rini, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2006)
- Manasseh Sogavare, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2006–2007)
- Tonga
- Monarch –
- Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006) [n]
- George Tupou V, King of Tonga (2006–2012)
- Prime Minister –
- Prince Lavaka Ata ʻUlukālala, Prime Minister of Tonga (2000–2006)
- Feleti Sevele, Prime Minister of Tonga (2006–2010)
- Monarch –
- Tuvalu
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
- Governor-General – Filoimea Telito, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2005–2010)
- Prime Minister –
- Maatia Toafa, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2004–2006)
- Apisai Ielemia, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2006–2010)
- Vanuatu
- President – Kalkot Mataskelekele, President of Vanuatu (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister – Ham Lini, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2004–2008)
- Wallis and Futuna (overseas collectivity of France)
- Administrator –
- Xavier de Fürst, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2005–2006)
- Richard Didier, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2006–2008)
- Head of Government – Emeni Simete, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2005–2007)
- Administrator –
South America
- Argentina
- President – Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina (2003–2007)
- Bolivia
- President –
- Eduardo Rodríguez, President of Bolivia (2005–2006)
- Evo Morales, President of Bolivia (2006–2019)
- President –
- Brazil
- President – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil (2003–2010)
- Chile
- President –
- Ricardo Lagos, President of Chile (2000–2006)
- Michelle Bachelet, President of Chile (2006–2010)
- President –
- Colombia
- President – Álvaro Uribe, President of Colombia (2002–2010)
- Ecuador
- President – Alfredo Palacio, President of Ecuador (2005–2007)
- Falkland Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
- Governor –
- Howard Pearce, Governor of the Falkland Islands (2002–2006)
- Harriet Hall, Acting Governor of the Falkland Islands (2006)
- Alan Huckle, Governor of the Falkland Islands (2006–2010)
- Head of Government – Chris Simpkins, Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands (2003–2007)
- Governor –
- Guyana
- President – Bharrat Jagdeo, President of Guyana (1999–2011)
- Prime Minister – Sam Hinds, Prime Minister of Guyana (1999–2015)
- Paraguay
- President – Nicanor Duarte, President of Paraguay (2003–2008)
- Peru
- President –
- Alejandro Toledo, President of Peru (2001–2006)
- Alan García, President of Peru (2006–2011)
- Prime Minister –
- President –
- Suriname
- President – Ronald Venetiaan, President of Suriname (2000–2010)
- Uruguay
- President – Tabaré Vázquez, President of Uruguay (2005–2010)
- Venezuela
- President – Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (2002–2013)
Notes
- ^ Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Brunei only became independent in 1984.
- ^ Hun Sen was titled Second Prime Minister in 1993–98.
- ^ Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ The position of Chairman of the National Defence Commission was declared to be the highest office of state by the constitution that came into effect in 1998.
- ^ Turkmenistan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Saleh was president of North Yemen until 1990.
- ^ Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
- ^ The seven-member Swiss Federal Council is head of state and government collectively. As a party to the Council, the president serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- ^ During the incapacity of Fidel in 2006–08.
- ^ His title changed from Chief Minister to Premier on 9 August.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
External links
- Rulers—a list of rulers throughout time and places
- WorldStatesmen—an online encyclopedia of the leaders of nations and territories