Jingzhou
| Jingzhou 荆州 |
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| — Prefecture-level city — | |
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 Jingzhou
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| Coordinates: 30°20′N 112°13′E / 30.333°N 112.217°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hubei |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 14,168 km2 (5,470 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,579 km2 (610 sq mi) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 5,691,707 |
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,154,086 |
| • Urban density | 730/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Website | http://www.jingzhou.gov.cn/ |
| Jingzhou | |||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 荆州 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 荊州 | ||||||
| Postal Map | Kingchow | ||||||
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Jingzhou (Chinese: 荆州) is a prefecture-level city in southern Hubei, People's Republic of China, located on the banks of the Yangtze River. As of the 2010 census, its total population is 5,691,707, 1,154,086 of whom reside in the built-up area made of 3 urban districts.
Jingzhou's central urban area has grown out of a city that was historically known as Shashi. These days, this name is preserved in the name of Shashi District, which includes this city's historical center, as well as in the names of a number of local facilities, such as the Shashi Airport and a railway freight station.
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Geography and climate [edit]
Jingzhou occupies an area of 14,067 square kilometres (5,431 sq mi) with its topography rising from east to west. It is densely covered by a network of waterways, as well as lakes, and is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River on the Jianghan Plain. Downstream to its east lies Wuhan, the provincial capital and to the west the city of Yichang, the Three Gorges, and finally the Chongqing Municipality. Jingmen City, also in Hubei, lies to the north; to its south are Yueyang and Changde, both in Hunan Province.
Jingzhou has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with hot, humid summers, and damp, chilly, but drier winters. Monthly daily average temperatures range from 4.1 °C (39.4 °F) in January to 28.0 °C (82.4 °F) in July. The area receives 1,800 to 2,000 hours of sunshine per year and has a frost-free period of 242–263 days annually.[1]
| Climate data for Jingzhou(1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 8.1 (46.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.2 (57.6) |
21.1 (70) |
26.1 (79) |
29.3 (84.7) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.0 (89.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
22.4 (72.3) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.8 (51.4) |
20.8 (69.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 0.9 (33.6) |
2.8 (37) |
6.6 (43.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
17.9 (64.2) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.4 (75.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.0 (46.4) |
2.9 (37.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 29.6 (1.165) |
44.8 (1.764) |
75.4 (2.969) |
107.6 (4.236) |
140.8 (5.543) |
159.9 (6.295) |
151.2 (5.953) |
119.9 (4.72) |
89.3 (3.516) |
86.8 (3.417) |
55.2 (2.173) |
23.4 (0.921) |
1,083.9 (42.672) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.2 | 9.1 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 13.3 | 13.0 | 10.5 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 10.6 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 124.3 |
| Source: Weather China [1] | |||||||||||||
Demographics [edit]
According to the 2010 Census, the prefecture-level city of Jingzhou has 5,691,707 inhabitants and a population density of 405 inhabitants per km².[2]
Administration [edit]
The prefecture-level city of Jingzhou has jurisdiction over two districts, three county-level cities and three counties. The information here presented uses the metric system and data from 2010 Census.
| English Name | Simplified | Traditional | Pinyin | Area | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jingzhou District | 荆州区 | 荊州區 | Jīngzhōu Qū | 1,046 | 553,756 | 529 |
| Shashi District | 沙市区 | 沙市區 | Shāshì Qū | 469 | 498,526 | 1,063 |
| Jingzhou Development District | 荆州开发区 | 荊州開發區 | Jīngzhōu Kāifā Qū | 64 | 101,804 | 1,591 |
| Songzi City | 松滋市 | 鬆滋市 | Sōngzī Shì | 2,235 | 765,911 | 343 |
| Shishou City | 石首市 | 石首市 | Shíshǒu Shì | 1,427 | 577,022 | 404 |
| Honghu City | 洪湖市 | 洪湖市 | Hónghú Shì | 2,519 | 819,446 | 325 |
| Jiangling County | 江陵县 | 江陵縣 | Jiānglíng Xiàn | 1,032 | 331,344 | 321 |
| Gong'an County | 公安县 | 公安縣 | Gōng'ān Xiàn | 2,258 | 881,128 | 390 |
| Jianli County | 监利县 | 監利縣 | Jiānlì Xiàn | 3,118 | 1,162,770 | 373 |
History [edit]
Jingzhou has been a transportation hub and commodity distribution center for 6,000 years.
The ancient city of Jingzhou is what is now the main urban area of Jiangling County, which is one of the counties within Jingzhou City. Situated in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, this has been a strategic location of military importance since ancient times.
Ying, within the borders of present day Jingzhou, was the capital of 20 kings over 411 years of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods of the Zhou Dynasty (1046 BCE - 256 BCE).
The city is said to have been built with earth by Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties period, it was the capital of the Western Liang. In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, it was the capital of the Nanping State.
Sights [edit]
Numerous sites have been preserved from the Chu State period, including the ruins of five Chu cities, 73 sites featuring Chu Culture and more than 800 ancient tombs, including those of 18 Chu kings.
There are also historical sites from the Three Kingdoms period, such as the Wulin Battlefield (where the Battle of Red Cliffs took place) and the Huarong Path.
The city walls were rebuilt in 1646 and measure 9 meters in height and 10 meters in depth. The perimeter of the wall extends for 9.3 kilometers. The city walls, city gates, watchtowers, and battlements have been well maintained . Many of the towers on top of the majestic city gates have been damaged or rebuilt, only leaving the Chaozong Tower which was rebuilt in 1838 on the Gongji Gate.
The Jingzhou museum is well-known, most notably for a well-preserved 2,000-year-old male corpse. Also on display are silk and lacquerware from the Warring States Period.
Transportation [edit]
- China National Highway 207
- China National Highway 318
- Jingzhou Railway Station on the Wuhan-Yichang Railway, with frequent passenger service to Yichang and Wuhan
- Jingmen-Shashi Railway (freight only)
Sister City [edit]
See also [edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jingzhou |
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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Shasi. |
References [edit]
- ^ a b "荆州城市介绍" (in Simplified Chinese). Weather.com.cn. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
- ^ (Chinese) Compilation by LianXin website. Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
External links [edit]
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